First Nations Treaties: Land Exchanges & Agreements
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The Cree and Chippewa First Nations signed the Selkirk Treaty in 1817 in exchange for receiving annual tobacco. In 1850, the Ojibwas First Nations signed the Robison Treaties, selling their land around Lake Superior and Lake Huron to the crown. There were also numerous Peace and Friendship Treaties made between 1726 and 1761 that were signed by the Mi’kmaq, Maliseet, Passamaquoddy First Nations.
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First Nations Treaties: Land Exchanges & Agreements
- 1. First Nations Treaties http://scaa.sk.ca/ourlegacy/jpegs/LHR_PH_2001_54.jpg
- 2. In exchange for receiving annual tobacco the Cree and Chippewa First Nations signed the Selkirk Treaty on July 18, 1817. http://atlas.nrcan.gc.ca/auth/english/maps/environment/land/physio_red_river.jpg
- 3. In 1850 the Ojibwas First Nations signed the Robison Treaties, selling their land around Lake Superior and Lake Huron to the crown. http://www.flickr.com/photos/12295985@N05/2101466465/sizes/l/in/photostream/
- 4. There were numerous Peace and Friendship Treaties made between 1726 and 1761 that were signed by the Mi’kmaq, Maliseet, Passamaquoddy First Nations.
Editor's Notes
- Selkirk Treaty In exchange for tobacco the Cree and Chippewa signed the Selkirk Treaty on July 18, 1817. By signing this treaty the Cree and Chippewa gave up land that ran alongside the Red River in Manitoba. Thomas Douglas, 5th Earl of Selkirk, was the one who created the treaty because he wanted the land to sell to settlers. The treaty promised the Cree and Chippewa 100 pounds of good tobacco every year.
- Robinson Treaties In 1850 the Ojibwas First Nations signed the Robison Treaties, selling their land around Lake Superior and Lake Huron to the crown. The Crown wanted the land along Lake Superior and Lake Huron for mining purposes. In exchange for signing the treaties the First Nations received a cash payment, as well as an annual payment. The treaties gave the First Nations their choice of reserve land. They also got fishing and hunting rights for the entire area, with the exception of privately owned property. The Métis people were also included in the treaty. There were two treaties signed. The first treaty was signed on September 7th 1850, and is known as the Robinson Superior Treaty. The second treaty took more negotiations and was signed September 9th, 1850. Each group of First Nations people received a cash payment of 2000 pounds, and a yearly cash payment of 500 pounds.
- Peace and Friendship Treaty Thefirst Peace and Friendship treaty was sign by the Mi’kmaq, Maliseet, Passamaquoddy First Nations, who lived in the Maritimes, in 1726. The purpose of this treaty was to end the war between the British and the alliance of the Mi’kmaq, Maliseet, Passamaquoddy First Nations, and promote good relations. The agreements of the treaty was that the First Nations would leave the British settlers alone in exchange for the British leaving them alone and giving them hunting and fishing rights. Over the years there was war between the French and the British, some of the First Nations people sided with the French. In 1749 another Peace and Friendship Treaty was made to end the conflict between the French and the British. This treaty was signed by the Maliseet and a couple Mi’kmaq communities. The remaining Mi’kmaq communities that did not sign the treaty and after the British tried to make a new settlement in Halifax another conflict broke out. This lead to the creation of another treaty in 1752 to end the conflict between the British and the Mi’kmaq. This new treaty established a trading relationship between the Mi’kmaq and the British. The British made this treaty in hope to disband the alliance between the French and First Nations. Another war broke out between the French and British. This war ended with British finally defeating the French. In 1760, after the war, the British made new Peace and Friendship treaties with the First Nations. These treaties once again reaffirmed the treaty of 1726, and created a trading relationship between the British and all Maliseet, Passamaquoddy, and Mi’kmaq First Nations.