4. SkyStream Networks
ii
Software solely for backup purposes for its own exclusive use, provided that customer shall
reproduce and include on such backup copy SkyStream Networks’ proprietary rights notices.
I Use, print, copy, modify or display the software, in whole or in part, except as
specifically authorized by this Agreement.
I Sublicense, assign, resell, or otherwise transfer the Software to any third party. Any
attempted such sublicense; sale, assignment or transfer shall be void and shall be deemed
a material breach of this agreement.
I Reverse engineer, duplicate or otherwise reproduce the Software.
Customer acknowledges that this Agreement does not grant to Customer, and Customer will
not acquire hereby, any rights to patents, copyrights, trade secrets, trade names, trademarks
(whether registered or unregistered), or any other proprietary rights in or to the Software, all
of which are expressly retained by SkyStream Networks.
Customer acknowledges that the laws and regulations of the United States may restrict the
export and re-export of the Software or media in any form without appropriate United States
and foreign government approval.
If Customer is a unit or agency of the United States Government or is acquiring the Software
and Documentation for any such unit or agency, the following apply:
I If the unit or agency is the Department of Defense (DOD), the Software and its
accompanying documentation are classified as “commercial computer software” and
“commercial computer software documentation,” respectively, and, pursuant to DFAR
Chapter 227.7202, the Government is acquiring the Software and such documentation
with terms of the Agreement.
I If the unit or agency is other than DOD, the Software and its accompanying
documentation are classified as “commercial computer software” and “commercial
computer software documentation,” respectively, and pursuant to FAR Chapter 12.212,
the Government is acquiring the Software and such documentation in accordance with
the terms of this Agreement.
Warranty
SkyStream Networks makes no warranty, express or implied, in connection with the Software,
including the results and performance thereof, including without limitation any implied
warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose or non-infringement.
Limitation of liability
The maximum liability of SkyStream Networks to Customer for damages relating to this
agreement for any and all causes whatsoever, and Customer’s maximum remedy, regardless of
the form of action, whether in contract, tort or otherwise, shall be limited to the total fees
paid by Customer to SkyStream Networks hereunder. In no event shall SkyStream Networks
be liable for any lost data or content, lost profits, or business interruption, or for any indirect,
incidental, special, consequential, exemplary or punitive damages arising out of or relating to
the Software provided hereunder, even if SkyStream Networks has been advised of the
possibility of such damages.
Technical support
For technical support, first contact your reseller of SkyStream Products. If the product was
purchased directly from SkyStream, contact SkyStream Networks Customer Support through
the World Wide Web (www.skystream.com), via e-mail (service@skystream.com), or if
currently under a support contract phone (408) 616-3121; otherwise contact your local
SkyStream sales representative.
Document No. 100-0058-01(A)
5. EMR-5000 User’s Guide version 2.3
iii
Agency compliance
and cautions
FCC Class A compliance
SkyStream Networks EMR equipment has been tested and found to comply with
the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These
limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference
when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment
generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and
used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference
to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is
likely to cause harmful interference, in which case the user will be required to
correct the interference at personal expense.
IMPORTANT!
Please note the following:
1 The SkyStream Networks EMR is intended for indoor use only.
2 In case of emergency, disconnect the power cord.
3 If a power cord is not provided:
- In the United States, use a standard computer power cord (as specified below).
- In Europe, for 230 volt operation, use a cord set marked “HAR” and consisting
of a min 3 core H05VVF3G075 cord that has a minimum 0.75 square mm
diameter conductors, provided with an IEC 320 receptacle and a male plug for the
country of installation, rated 6A, 250V.
4 Do not block the equipment vents.
Important safety
information!
Read the following safety information thoroughly before installing
this SkyStream Networks’ product. Failure to follow this safety
information may lead to personal injury or damage to the
equipment.
I Installation, maintenance, removal of parts, and removal of the unit must be done by
qualified SkyStream authorized service personnel.
Power supply
I This unit must be grounded.
I The unit must be connected to a grounded outlet to comply with product safety
standards.
I Do not connect the power supply unit to an AC outlet without a ground connection.
Power cord
The power cord must be approved for the country where it is used.
• For USA and Canada:
I The cord set must be UL-approved and CSA-certified.
I The attachment plug must be an earth-grounding type with a NEMA 5-15P (15A
125V) plug and a EN60320/IEC320 recepticle.
6. SkyStream Networks
iv
EMR operating temperature
The EMR enclosure meets all specifications over a 41°F to 104°F (5°C to 40°C)
ambient temperature range with a maximum temperature gradient of 36°F
(20°C) per hour. The enclosure should be located such that the ambient
temperature at the front and rear of the unit is not exceeded. Air flow may be
needed to achieve these temperatures. Continual or sustained operation at
temperatures above these values may degrade MTBF. Operation of the EMR
enclosure at the maximum temperature is intended for short time periods only.
Continuous operation at the elevated temperatures will reduce product
reliability.
Relative humidity
The values below assume that no condensation on the EMR enclosure occurs.
• Operating: 8% to 90% relative humidity with a maximum gradient of 30% per
hour.
• Non-operating: 5% to 95% relative humidity.
✔
7. SkyStream Networks
v
Table of Contents
Overview ...................................................................................................................................1
SkyStream EMR™ ............................................................................................................................................2
Operating Procedures ................................................................................................................................3
Standard Features .......................................................................................................................................4
Optional Features .......................................................................................................................................7
Hardware Specifications and Installation ................................................................................9
Hardware ...........................................................................................................................................................10
EMR Specifications ..................................................................................................................................10
Controls, Indicators and Connections ...................................................................................................11
Basic Connections ....................................................................................................................................12
Null-Modem Serial Cable Configuration ..............................................................................................12
Crossover Cable Configuration (static IP) ............................................................................................14
Network Hub Configuration (static IP) ................................................................................................16
Network Hub Configuration (DHCP) ..................................................................................................18
Regulatory Compliance ............................................................................................................................20
Replacing the backup battery ..................................................................................................................21
System Logon .........................................................................................................................23
First Time Logon .............................................................................................................................................24
CLI Login ...................................................................................................................................................24
Web GUI Login ........................................................................................................................................25
CLI Commands and Operation .............................................................................................27
Command Line Interface ...............................................................................................................................28
CLI Basics ..................................................................................................................................................28
Navigation in config-mode .....................................................................................................................29
Configuration Values ................................................................................................................................29
Command Definitions ....................................................................................................................................30
root .......................................................................................................................................................30
show .....................................................................................................................................................30
show cli-tree ........................................................................................................................................31
show running-config .........................................................................................................................32
show interface .....................................................................................................................................37
show interface satrx1 .........................................................................................................................37
show interface eth1 ............................................................................................................................38
show interface eth2 ............................................................................................................................38
show interface ppp ............................................................................................................................38
show interface isdn (optional) ..........................................................................................................39
show interface sync (optional) .........................................................................................................40
show active_pids ................................................................................................................................41
show active_macs ..............................................................................................................................41
show active_fkcas ..............................................................................................................................41
show skycast_rules .............................................................................................................................42
14. SkyStream Networks
2 Overview
SkyStream EMR™
The SkyStream Edge Media Router (EMR) is a powerful platform to receive and
manage Internet content at the network edge— empowering service providers
and enterprises to deliver rich content to large communities of users via
broadcast and broadband networks. The SkyStream EMR receives MPEG-2
transport stream containing IP traffic, decapsulates this IP traffic and forwards
it over a pair of 10/100 Ethernet ports. Each port is capable of forwarding
packets up to 100 Mbps. The EMR supports both unicast and multicast traffic.
MPEG-2 (MotionPictures Experts
Group) A group of standards that
specify an encoding and
compression process. An MPEG-
2 system provides a method for
combining (multiplexing) several
types of multimedia information
into one stream.
IP (Internet Protocol) A
connectionless protocol that
provides packet routing.
Multicasting One-to-many
transmission of an IP datagram to a
host group—a set of one or more
hosts identified by a single IP
multicast destination address. A
multicast datagram is delivered to all
members of a destination host group
with the same reliability as unicast IP
datagrams.
15. EMR-5000 User’s Guide version 2.3
3
Operating
Procedures
The following is a short review of how the satellite receiver and its related
components route data through the system.
Frequency Translation Basics
Sending data such as audio, video, and digital data, from one location to another
often requires rearranging it in a variety of ways. The sender packs up the
information, and the receiver unpacks it when received. The signal is sent via
satellite where the satellite dish receives the signal. In order for the signal be
delivered to the receiver, the signal must be down converted (modified) to be
carried over coaxial cable.
Satellite signals, coming from space use higher carrier frequencies than television
broadcast frequencies. Large dish antennas use signals in the C frequency band
(3 to 5 GHz) and the current popular consumer small dish antennas use signals
in the Ku frequency band (10 to 13 GHz). These carrier frequencies are too high
to be used on the coaxial cable that connects the antenna to the receiver.
To rectify this problem, the antenna system down converts the carrier frequency
value to the range between 950 and 2150 MHz, which is consistent with the
coaxial cable transmission requirements.
Many satellite frequencies are available, and the same receiver might be used to
cover a wide range of frequencies. For example, you may need to receive a signal
range of 10.90 to 13.25 GHz. This is a range larger than the satellite receiver is
able to support.
Using a dual-range LNB antenna is one solution to this problem. Each LNB uses
a different frequency range. Each LNB monitors either the low or the high part
of the frequency range. The satellite receiver must be able to switch the LNB
settings from one to the other in order to work with this type of system.
LNB (Low Noise Block) A
combination Low Noise Amplifier
and downconverter built into one
device attached to the feed.
16. SkyStream Networks
4 Overview
Standard Features Easy Management of Data Routing to the Local Area Network
Data coming into the network via multicast streams are easily routed to a
network or server. Administration for incoming streams including IP address
and Time-To-Live (TTL) modification provide easy configuration for various
LAN environments.
IGMP Service
The IGMP service is an integrated option included in the SkyStream EMR. Only
data that is requested by the clients on the LAN is forwarded to the listeners.
IGMP automatically detects when requests are made on the network where the
user application supports IGMP. In addition, the system administrator is able to
configure rules for each incoming multicast stream.
Recovery Features
Many levels of technology have been included to ensure configuration integrity
during the initial and re-boot sequences due to power failure or network
problems. With solid-state memory, a protected OS file system, and stored
configuration data, the SkyStream EMR has administrator-free recovery features.
Monitoring
The SkyStream EMR provides monitoring and diagnostic functionality for
safeguarding data integrity.
Online Management
Configuration of the SkyStream EMR is handled online using either a command
line interface (CLI) or a Web GUI. In this way, all satellite tuning, data handling,
and IP routing functions can be controlled and managed remotely via the local
area network (LAN). In addition, the EMR supports SNMP management, using
third party applications such as HP OpenView.
Turbo Internet/VPN
SkyStream’s Turbo Internet solution employs an asymmetrical satellite network
that provides a high-speed delivery system. Turbo Internet uses the EMR, in an
end-to-end broadband content delivery system that includes an IP encapsulator,
such as the SkyStream satellite Source Media™ Router (SMR). Most Internet
traffic is asymmetrical in nature. There is much more data going toward the
Internet terminal than away from it. The Turbo Internet takes advantage of this
fact and employs a high-capacity forward path and a lower-capacity return path,
such as ISDN or modem. SkyStream’s solution also incorporates Virtual Private
Networking (VPN), which emulates point-to-point connectivity. For a secure
VPN, data is encrypted using a protocol called the Point-to-Point Tunneling
Protocol (PPTP), or IPSec.
TTL (Time To Live) This value
decrements each time the IP
frame moves through a router.
When the number reaches the
value of zero, the stream is
discarded.
IGMP (Internet Group
Management Protocol) A control
protocol used by multicast-
enabled hosts to report their group
membership information to
directly-attached routers.
OS (Operating System) The
master control program that runs
the computer. The operating
system is the first program loaded
when the computer is turned on,
and its main part, called the
“kernel,” resides in memory at all
times.
SNMP (Simple Network
Management Protocol) A
standard protocol to manage
devices in the network.
Manageable devices contain an
SNMP Agent responsible for
handling the information control
request.
17. EMR-5000 User’s Guide version 2.3
5
SkyNAT
SkyNAT is the SkyStream EMR application used to support packet translation
of incoming data from satellite for address translation, protocol translation, and
TTL translation.
The objective of packet translation in an Edge Media Router is to modify IP
packets received from the satellite interface prior to sending them on to the
Ethernet interface. The following types of translations are possible:
I IP address translation: Modify the destination address of the received packet
prior to sending it out.
I Protocol translation: Transfer the payload of the packet from one protocol to
another.
I Port translation: Modify the destination and/or source port of a packet; these
translations are protocol-dependent.
I Other translations: Modify other fields in the IP header, such as the Time-To-
Live (TTL) field.
The EMR supports address translation, protocol translation, and TTL
translation.
Address Translation
Address translation means replacing the received destination IP address, in the
packet received from the satellite interface, with a different IP address prior to
sending it out over the Ethernet interface.
Protocol Translation
Protocol translation is the process of receiving data payloads in one protocol,
and then re-transmitting these payloads in another protocol. The most common
layer-4 data transfer protocols in use are TCP and UDP.
UDP to TCP
The EMR is capable of converting UDP from the DVB link into TCP in the
local area network to reliably deliver the payload. Of course, appropriate client
software applications are required to take advantage of this, since packet
boundaries are lost in the conversion from UDP to TCP.
On the TCP side of the connection, the EMR will listen on a TCP port and wait
for clients to connect (i.e., it will act as a server).
The EMR supports multiple clients on the same stream, with a set maximum of
five clients. The EMR will manage each connection independently. This allows
for point-to-multipoint support.
SkyCast
SkyCast is the SkyStream EMR system used for IP Multicast Management. The
user has the option to enable or disable SkyCast; however, the default rule will
continue to be processed.
UDP (User Datagram Protocol) A
connectionless transport-level
protocol used in the suite of IP-
based protocols.
TCP (Transmission Control
Protocol) The connection-
oriented, transport-level protocol
used in the suite of IP-based
protocols.
18. SkyStream Networks
6 Overview
Rules for Multicast Packet Processing
From a rule structure created by the user, the EMR will read the initial startup
value of the default processing. If no session file exists or if a default processing
is not set in the session file, the EMR will still forward the stream to a listener.
This is one of the purposes of having SkyCast enabled.
The default rule’s IP address and Netmask are as follows:
1 IP Address: 224.0.0.0
2 Netmask: 240.0.0.0
3 TTL: 0
This rule instructs the EMR to forward all multicast addresses (address
224.0.0.0, mask 240.0.0.0) without changing the TTL (indicated by the value 0).
Each rule can take the following actions:
Forward-if-listener
For the default processing to be forwarded-if-listener, the user must enable
SkyCast.
The forwarding rule is as follows:
Multicast packets will only be forwarded into the local Ethernet port(s) if hosts
in the attached network have joined the group.
Forward
The selection of this option implies that the user wants to always forward
packets to the local Ethernet ports. The user adds rules for forwarding packets
via the following two mechanisms:
I Unicast to Multicast
I Multicast to Multicast
To accomplish this, the user must specify the destination Ethernet interface
through which the packet will be forwarded.
Discard
The EMR will discard the packets with the specified destination address.
19. EMR-5000 User’s Guide version 2.3
7
Optional Features
ISDN
Integrated Service Digital Network (ISDN) has an optional connection in the
expansion slot at the back of the EMR that is configurable via the Web GUI or
CLI commands. ISDN allows data to be transmitted from point-to-point and
reach a destination without errors. The rate of transmission of the data in the
ISDN is 64 kbps per channel.
NOTE Two channels are supported in this release.
Sync Transmission Interface
The EMR has a Sync-In port option through an expansion slot at the back of the
unit and configurable via the Web GUI or CLI commands. The Sync-In port can
receive streams of synchronous data from an SMR or IP encapsulator. After
receiving HDLC frames with bit stuffing via satellite, the SMR packetizes the
frames using the Data Pipe packetizer and sends them on to the EMR. The EMR
then forwards the MPEG-2 Transport Stream through a Sync card to a Sync
Receiver.
Internal Modem
The EMR has optional internal modem in the expansion slot at the back of the
unit. You can select this option in Configuration PPP, Hardware Settings.
TCP Acceleration
TCP Acceleration optimizes the use of TCP over satellite. This feature
overcomes the resource consumption problems normally associated with
Internet/Intranet applications in a satellite environment. TCP Acceleration
supports both passive and active FTP, concurrent TCP connections, VSAT, and
redundancy backup.
Features
I Acceleration—Provides an optimized reliable transport protocol that
maximizes bandwidth utilization and reduces overhead traffic.
I Compression—Compresses data packets in real-time, thereby reducing overall
bandwidth requirements and accelerating information transfer.
I Ease of Integration—Acts as a proxy and inter operates with industry standard
Internet applications and network elements such as firewalls and routers.
I Scalability—Highly scalable using multiple servers together with the Master
server, it can handle tens of thousands of users.
I Redundancy—Designed to be fully redundant and meets carrier and enterprise
reliability requirements.
Benefits
I Efficiently utilizes bandwidth requirements
HDLC (High-level Data Link
Control) An ISO communications
protocol used in X.25 packet
switching networks. It provides
error correction at the data link
layer.
Bit stuffing Adding bits to a
transmitted message in order to
round out a fixed frame.
VSAT (Very Small Aperture
satellite Terminal) A small earth
station for satellite transmission
that handles up to 56 kbits/sec of
digital transmission.
20. SkyStream Networks
8 Overview
I Acceleration applications response times
I Optimizes allocation of network resources
Licensing Key
TCP Acceleration is an optional feature of the EMR. To receive a licensing key,
contact your local SkyStream Networks sales representative or service provider.
21. EMR-5000 User’s Guide version 2.3
9
Chapter 2: Hardware Specifications and
Installation
22. SkyStream Networks
10 Hardware Specifications and Installation
Hardware
This chapter outlines the hardware, software specifications, and initial setup and
installation for the SkyStream EMR. In addition, you will learn how to connect
and configure the EMR to communicate with your local network.
EMR
Specifications
• External Connector — F Type female
• Receiving Frequency — 950 MHz to 2150 MHz
• Input Signal Level — -65 dBm to -25 dBm
• RF Input Impedance — 75 ohm
• Embedded Linux Operating System
Physical Specifications
Dimensions: 1.75” High x 17” Wide x 13” Long
Weight: 3.8 kg
Operating Temperature: -0° to 40°C
Storage Temperature: -55° to 85°C
Humidity (operating) 10% to 90%
Power Requirements and Specifications
Input Voltage: 100-240 V ac
Frequency: 50-60 Hz
Power Consumption: 40 W (typical)
Regulatory Compliance: UL, CE, FCC
23. EMR-5000 User’s Guide version 2.3
11
Controls,
Indicators and
Connections
Description of the controls, indicators and connectors on the front and rear
panels of the SkyStream EMR shown below:
EMR front bezel and indicators
Front bezel indicators are as follows:
Transport stream activity Indicators
The front bezel offers a series of Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs)
for immediate indication of the status of each of the network
cards. The upper LED, labeled “LINK,” indicates that you have
achieved the frequency and symbol rate lock to the satellite
signal. The bottom LED, labeled “DATA,” will flash indicating
that the FEC is locked.
Expansion slot activity Indicators
The EXP LEDs indicate the status of each of the network cards.
The upper LED, labeled “ACTIVE,” indicates network card
activity. The bottom LED, labeled “CONFIG,” should be on solid
indicating that this card is healthy.
LAN activity indicators
These LEDs light up if the EMR is connected to a LAN (two
LANs maximum). The upper LED indicates an active link, and if
flashing, indicates that data is transmitting. The lower LED
indicates that the system is transmitting at 100 Mbps and will
stay off if it is at 10 Mbps.
EMR rear panel connectors with PCI expansion slot
24. SkyStream Networks
12 Hardware Specifications and Installation
Basic Connections The following sections walk you through different available options to setup the
basic connection to the EMR. Review the configurations before you begin to
determine which is the best option for your installation.
You can configure the EMR using four basic connections:
• Null-modem Serial Cable — Serial connection using a null-modem serial
cable, configuring the EMR using the Command Line Interface (CLI).
• Crossover Cable (Static IP) — Ethernet connection with a crossover cable,
configuring the EMR using the Web GUI.
• Network Hub (Static IP) — Ethernet connection through a hub,
configuring the EMR using the Web GUI.
• Network Hub (DHCP) — Ethernet connection through a hub, configuring
the EMR using the Web GUI.
NOTE The PCI expansion slot at the back of the unit can be used for any of
the optional PCI cards.
Null-Modem Serial
Cable
Configuration
The following components are required for the installation of the SkyStream
EMR with the Null-modem serial cable configuration:
Hardware Dependencies
• Low Noise Block Converter (LNB) connected to the satellite receiver
• Satellite Receiver
• Sync card (optional)
• PC or workstation with a serial port.
Cables Required – (supplied by the user)
• Serial null-modem cable
• Coaxial cable for connecting to satellite receiver on the EMR
Software Requirements
• Serial port software for the PC workstation; for example, Windows™
HyperTerminal
IMPORTANT NOTE Looking at the unit from the back, there are two serial
connectors; plug the console into the left-hand serial port. If you are using a
modem, plug it into the right-hand (AUX) serial port.
Null-modem cable An RS-232
cable used to connect two
personal computers together in
close proximity for file transfer. It
attaches to the serial ports of both
machines and simulates what
would occur naturally if modems
and the phone system were used.
It crosses the sending wire with
the receiving wire.
25. EMR-5000 User’s Guide version 2.3
13
The following steps will walk you through connecting a PC directly to the EMR
with a serial null-modem cable giving you access to the Command Line Interface
configuration page:
1 Mount the EMR in a 19-inch standard rack using the screws and brackets
provided. (See separate installation sheet.)
2 Connect to the satellite receiver at the back of the EMR using coaxial cable.
3 Connect the SkyStream EMR to a PC via the serial null-modem cable.
4 Connect the power cord to the EMR and to an available power source.
5 Turn on the power switch found on the back of the EMR.
6 Once the EMR is on, start a HyperTerminal session to open a connection to
the EMR with the PC or workstation.
7 Configure HyperTerminal to 9600 baud, 8 bits, no parity, 1 stop (9600 N81)
and set Flow control to “None.”
8 Enter the user name to log in, this will open the Command Line Interface
(CLI). See Chapter 3, “First Time Logon.”
NOTE No password is required if none is assigned.
For information on how to configure the SkyStream EMR using the CLI, see
Chapter 4, “CLI Commands and Operation.”
26. SkyStream Networks
14 Hardware Specifications and Installation
Crossover Cable
Configuration
(static IP)
The following components are required for the installation of the SkyStream
EMR with the Crossover cable (static IP) configuration:
Hardware Dependencies
• Low Noise Block Converter (LNB) connected to the satellite receiver
• Satellite Receiver
• ISDN card (optional)
• Internal modem (optional)
• PC or workstation with a serial port.
Cables Required – (supplied by the user)
• Crossover cable
• Coaxial cable for connecting to satellite receiver on the EMR
Software Requirements
• Internet Web GUI
Crossover cable A network
cable that crosses the transmit
and receive lines. The crossover
cable is used to connect hubs
and switches together using
standard MDI-X ports, which are
already crossover ports. The
crossover cable crosses the lines
first so that after the MDI-X
crosses the lines, they are
effectively back to a non-crossed
condition.
27. EMR-5000 User’s Guide version 2.3
15
NOTE When using the internal modem, plug the phone line into LINE and use
PHONE as a phone extension.
The following steps will walk you through connecting a PC directly to the EMR
with an Ethernet crossover cable giving you access to the Web GUI:
1 Mount the EMR in an available 19-inch standard rack using the screws and
brackets provided. (See separate installation sheet.)
2 Connect to the satellite receiver at the back of the EMR using coaxial cable.
3 Connect the SkyStream EMR to a PC via a crossover network cable. (You
must connect the cable to LAN 1 connector on the back of the EMR.)
4 Connect other end of crossover cable to the PC or workstation you are using
to connect to the EMR.
5 Connect the power cord to the EMR and an available power source.
6 Turn on the power switch found on the back of the EMR.
7 Enter the following IP address and subnet mask for the PC or workstation
you are using to connect to the EMR:
IP Address = 172.16.1.3
Subnet mask = 255.255.255.0
This will allow you to connect to the EMR through the Web GUI.
NOTE Consult the appropriate Microsoft documentation for details on how to
configure the IP address and subnet mask on the PC.
8 If the power light and LAN 1 LEDs on the front of the EMR panel are on
then the EMR is running. Enter the EMR’s IP address in the Web GUI’s
address field as follows: http://172.16.1.2
Default EMR IP Address: 172.16.1.2
See Chapter 3, “First Time Logon.”
For more information on how to configure the EMR through the web interface,
refer to Chapter 5, “Web GUI Configuration.”
28. SkyStream Networks
16 Hardware Specifications and Installation
Network Hub
Configuration
(static IP)
The following components are required for the installation of the SkyStream
EMR with the Network hub (static IP) configuration:
Hardware Dependencies
• Low Noise Block Converter (LNB) connected to the satellite receiver.
• Satellite Receiver
• Secondary Satellite Receiver (optional)
• PC or workstation with a serial port.
• Hub for network interface
Cables Required – (supplied by the user)
• Network cable
• Coaxial cable for connecting to satellite receiver on the EMR
Software Requirements
• Internet Web GUI
Network hub A central
connecting device in a network
that joins communications lines
together in a star configuration.
Static IP address A permanent
IP address that is assigned to a
node in a TCP/IP network.
Servers and routers are usually
assigned static IP addresses,
while client stations are often
assigned dynamic IP addresses
from a DHCP server each time
they come online.
29. EMR-5000 User’s Guide version 2.3
17
The following steps will walk you through connecting a PC directly to the EMR
with an Ethernet hub giving you access the Web interface:
1 Mount the EMR in a 19-inch standard rack using the screws and brackets
provided. (See separate installation sheet.)
2 Connect to the satellite receiver at the back of the EMR using coaxial cable.
3 Connect the SkyStream EMR to the hub using a network cable. You must use
the LAN 1 connector.
4 Connect the power cord to the EMR and an available power source.
5 Turn on the power switch found on the back of the EMR.
6 Enter the following IP address and subnet mask for the PC or workstation
you are using to connect to the EMR:
IP Address = 172.16.1.3
Subnet mask = 255.255.255.0
This will allow you to connect to the EMR through the Web GUI.
NOTE Consult the appropriate Microsoft documentation for details on how to
configure the IP address and subnet mask on the PC.
7 If the power light and LAN 1 LEDs on the front of the EMR panel are on
then the EMR is running. Enter the EMR’s IP address in the Web GUI’s
address field: http://172.16.1.2
Default EMR IP Address: 172.16.1.2
See Chapter 3, “First Time Logon.”
To configure the EMR and satellite receivers further, refer to Chapter 5, “Web
GUI Configuration.”
30. SkyStream Networks
18 Hardware Specifications and Installation
Network Hub
Configuration
(DHCP)
The following components are required for the installation of the SkyStream
EMR with the Network hub (DHCP) configuration:
Hardware Dependencies
• Low Noise Block Converter (LNB) connected to the satellite receiver
• Satellite Receiver
• DHCP Server – (supplied by the user)
• PC or workstation
• Hub for network interface
Cables Required – (supplied by the user)
• Ethernet cable
• Coaxial cable for connecting to satellite receiver on the EMR
Software Requirements
Internet Web GUI – (supplied by the user)
DHCP (Dynamic Host
Configuration Protocol) Software
that automatically assigns IP
addresses to client stations
logging onto a TCP/IP network. It
eliminates having to manually
assign permanent IP addresses.
DHCP software typically runs in
servers and is also found in
network devices such as ISDN
routers and modem routers that
allow multiple users access to the
Internet.
31. EMR-5000 User’s Guide version 2.3
19
The following steps will walk you through connecting a PC directly to the EMR
using Ethernet and giving you access to the Web GUI:
1 Mount the EMR in a 19-inch standard rack using the screws and brackets
provided. (See separate installation sheet.)
2 Connect to the satellite receiver coaxial cable(s) at the back of the EMR.
3 Connect the SkyStream EMR to the hub where the PC and the DHCP server
are connected. Make sure you connect the cable to LAN 2 port.
4 Connect the power cord to the EMR and to an available power source.
5 Turn on the power switch found on the back of the EMR.
6 Find the MAC address for the EMR’s LAN 2 Ethernet port. (Either on a
sticker on the back of the EMR or in additional documentation provided with
the EMR.)
7 Configure your DHCP server to recognize the EMR’s MAC address and
automatically assign a predetermined IP address that conforms to your local
network. If no DHCP server is found and this operation fails, then Ethernet 2
will be assigned to 172.16.2.2.
8 If the power light and LAN 2 LED on the front of the EMR panel are on then
the EMR is ready to be configured for data transfer. Enter the EMR’s IP
address in the Web GUI’s address field.
For more information on how to configure the EMR through the web interface,
refer to Chapter 5, “Web GUI Configuration.”
32. SkyStream Networks
20 Hardware Specifications and Installation
Regulatory
Compliance
Feature Standard Comments
Electromagnetic
Interference (EMI)
FCC Class B
EN 55024 (1998)
EN 55022 (1995)
Class A
VCCI Class A
FCC Part15 Sub part B
Class ACISPR 22/85
Class A
Noise frequency range: 30 MHz to
1GHz
Immunity:
Electrostatic Discharge
EN 61000-4-2
IEC 1000-4-2
Discharges of ± 15kV with an air
discharge probe on the receptacle
cause no damage
Immunity:
Radio Frequency
Electromagnetic Field
EN 61000-4-3
IEC 1000-4-3
With a field strength of 10 V/m
rms, noise frequency ranges from
10 MHz to 1 GHz
Eye Safety IEC 825-1 Class 1
Safety EN 60950 Class 1
33. EMR-5000 User’s Guide version 2.3
21
Replacing the backup
battery
The lithium battery on the motherboard powers the real time clock (RTC) for up
to 10 years in the absence of power. When the battery starts to weaken, it loses
voltage, and the system settings stored in CMOS RAM in the RTC may be
wrong. Contact your customer service representative or dealer for a list of
approved devices.
WARNING (for Customer Service trained technician)
There is a danger of explosion if battery is incorrectly replaced. Replace only
with the same or equivalent type recommended by the equipment manufacturer.
Discard used batteries according to manufacturer’s instructions.
Instructions
The following instructions should
only be undertaken by a trained
service person.
1. Observe the standard safety
and ESD precautions.
2. Open the chassis.
3. Insert the tip of a small flat
bladed screwdriver, or
equivalent, under the tab in the
plastic retainer.
4. Gently push down on the
screwdriver to lift the battery.
5. Remove the battery from its
socket.
6. Dispose of the battery
according to local ordinances.
7. Remove the new lithium
battery from its package, and
observe the correct polarity;
insert it in the battery socket.
8. Close the chassis.
36. SkyStream Networks
24 System Logon
First Time Logon
Accessing the SkyStream EMR happens in one of two ways. You
can use either a command-line interface (CLI) or a Web GUI. In
addition, you can access the CLI either through the serial port or
through telnet via the Ethernet interface. The web interface is
accessed via the Ethernet. The following sections walk you
through the logon processes for the CLI or Web GUIs.
CLI Login If an Ethernet or a Web GUI connection is not available, you can
configure the SkyStream EMR with the Command Line Interface
(CLI) using the serial port connection, this is reviewed in “Basic
Connections.”
Security
There are two levels of security/authentication in the EMR:
I emradmin —full privileges
I emruser —cannot change SMMP properties (PIDs and Ports)
TIP SkyStream recommends that
only users familiar with the CLI
format use the Command Line
Interface.
Start Telnet from the management PC.
1 Click the Windows Start button.
2 Click Run.
3 In the Open box, type: telnet xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
(and the IP Address of the EMR you are connecting to)
4 Click OK.
5 Type at EMR5000 login: emradmin
NOTE No password is required at this time, just press Enter.
TIP To look at more lines than can
be seen, when typing CLI
commands, right-click the Command
Prompt Window title bar and click
Properties. Click Layout tab and
change page Buffer Width to 90 and
Height to 70. Make sure that “Let the
system position the window” is
checked. This should allow you to
use scroll bars to view the lines of
text.
37. EMR-5000 User’s Guide version 2.3
25
Web GUI Login Start the Web GUI from the management PC by typing the EMR’s
IP address in the Web GUI’s address field.
Security
There are two levels of security/authentication in the EMR:
I emradmin —full privileges
I emruser —cannot change SMMP properties (PIDs and Ports)
1 Click File from the Menu Bar.
2 Click Open...
3 In the Open box, type: (EMR IP address)
TIP After you have logged on for the
first time, a good practice is to
change the password. See Chapter
4, “Command Definitions—passwd.”
ALSO See: Chapter 5,
“Maintenance—Change Password.”
4 Click one of the buttons (Statistics, Configuration,
Maintenance, or Diagnostics) on the left side of the page. This
will open a Network Password dialog box.
5 In User Name type: emradmin.
NOTE No password is required at this time.
6 Click OK.
40. SkyStream Networks
28 CLI Commands and Operation
Command Line Interface
CLI Basics This chapter covers the basic operation and commands of the Command Line
Interface (CLI). After reading this chapter, you will be able use the CLI to
configure and manage the EMR.
You can access the SkyStream EMR’s command line interface through a Telnet
or console (serial port) connection. Accessing the command line interface is
referred to as a CLI session.
When you establish a CLI session, commands within the EMR’s CLI are in a tree
structure. To configure the EMR, you need to understand how to navigate the
CLI tree structure. The following section walks you through navigating within
the CLI tree. With the help of the question mark (?) and “Show” functions, you
will learn how to determine where you are in the tree, and what functions and
subcommands are available.
Depending on the position within the tree structure, you will have access to
different command options. Once in a given configuration branch, you may
enter the system level configuration commands that apply to that particular
level. In addition, the command prompt changes to reflect the position within
the tree structure to assists with navigation. This allows for easy reference within
the tree structure when in configuration mode.
To start a CLI session, see Chapter 3, “CLI Login.”
To list the main nodes available at the CLI level, type a question mark (?) at the
prompt and hit Enter.
Typing “?” at the prompt will display the following commands: show, no,
ifconfig, netstat, ping, reboot, route, passwd, config, maintenance, diag, and
stats.
When you combine “show” with the question mark (?), the system displays all
the subcommands that you can view. For example, when you type “Show cli-
tree,” the system displays all nodes, subcommands, and functions of the “cli-
tree.”
Type “show cli-tree” to display the CLI tree structure:
This command will display all the root nodes and root subcommands of “cli-
tree” (see Command Definitions).
You can use the “?” with “show” subcommands when there are functions below
the subcommands at this level; for example, “show interface ?”. This will display
the interfaces available.
NOTE Type a space between “show” and “?.”
41. EMR-5000 User’s Guide version 2.3
29
Navigation in
config-mode
The CLI has a special configuration mode, which allows you to configure
individual subsystems. By typing “config” at the prompt, you will enter
configuration mode. The prompt will then change to:
[config-mode]#
To review what functions are available, enter a question mark (?) at the prompt.
Type “?” at the [config-mode]# prompt:
The following functions will display: pref, interface, active_macs1, active_pids1,
active_fkcas1, skycast, skycast_rule, skynat1, snmp, tcpX, and turbointernet-
vpn.
At the [config-mode]# prompt, enter the next node you wish to access; for
example, when you enter interface, the command prompt changes to [config-
mode interface]#. To access the nodes at the next level, enter a question mark
(?) at the prompt.
Type “?” at the [config-mode interface]# prompt:
Displays the following interfaces: satrx1, eth1, eth2, ppp, isdn (optional) and
sync (optional).
At the [config-mode interface]# prompt, enter the next node you wish to
access. For example, when you enter satrx1 {, the command prompt changes to
[config-mode interface satrx1]#. To display the options at the next level, enter
question mark (?) at the prompt.
NOTE The user must type “{” after the node to configure. If not, CLI will return
“{ <CR>” meaning that the user must type “{“ followed by a carriage return
(Enter).
Type “?” at the [config-mode interface satrx1]# prompt:
The satellite-configuration option list appears, which shows all the configurable
options available on the interface (see Command Definitions).
Configuration
Values
Each configuration option has a value that you can enter. For example, the “String”
values on the “IfStatus” options allows you to enter a rule. The “IP Address” is
simply the IP address being assigned to the Ethernet connection of the satellite
receiver. The “Integer” value is a number for setting the specific option.
TIP When typing commands in CLI,
after a few keystrokes, use the TAB
key to complete a command
automatically.
To set the satrx1 to 10 Msymbols, at the prompt, type “symbolrate 10.” It should
look like this:
[config-mode interface satrx1]# symbolrate 10
NOTE To return to [config-mode], type “}” to close the current node or, to go
to the CLI prompt, type “exit.”
Conventions: A convention used throughout this User Guide is the use of
“<>” (greater than and lesser than brackets)—brackets enclose keystroke
instructions. For example: <filename> means, type the name of a file, or <CR>
means, press “Enter” i.e., a Carriage Return.
42. SkyStream Networks
30 CLI Commands and Operation
Command Definitions
The following section defines all the commands used by CLI.
root
Command Type: ?
Description Shows all top-level root nodes
Range (Nodes at top-level)
Example show Show commands to display information
no Disable commands
ifconfig Show active interface status
netstat Show Networking statistics
ping Ping the specified host
reboot Reboot the emr box
route Show IP routing table
passwd Update user password
config Enter the configuration mode
maintenance Maintenance command tree
diag Diagnostics command tree
stats Root of the statistics command
show
Command Type: show ?
Description Shows all show subcommands
Range (All show subcommands)
Example cli-tree Display the CLI tree
running-config Display the current configuration
interface Root of the show interface commands
active_pids Display active PIDs list
active_macs Display active MACs list
active_fkcas Display active fkcas list
skycast_rules Display SkyCast rules
skynat_rules Display SkyNAT rules
skynpt_rules Display SkyNPT rules
tcpX Display TCP Acceleration setting
version Show system version information
turbointernet-vpn Display Turbo Internet setting
43. EMR-5000 User’s Guide version 2.3
31
show cli-tree
Command Type: show cli-tree
Description Shows all CLI tree root nodes and root subcommands
Range (All show subcommands)
NOTE ISDN, Sync, and TCP Acceleration are optional features, the CLI
commands for these options will only be available if you have these options.
Example root -> show no ifconfig netstat ping reboot route passwd
config maintenance diag stats
root show -> cli-tree running-config interface active_pids
active_macs active_fkcas skycast_rules skynat_rules
skynpt_rules tcpX version turbointernet-vpn
root show cli-tree ->
root show running-config ->
root show interface -> satrx1 eth1 eth2 ppp isdn sync
root show interface satrx1 ->
root show interface eth1 ->
root show interface eth2 ->
root show interface ppp ->
root show interface isdn ->
rrot show interface sync ->
root show active_pids ->
root show active_macs ->
root show active_fkcas ->
root show skycast_rules ->
root show skynat_rules ->
root show skyntp_rules ->
root show tcpX ->
root show version ->
root show turbointernet-vpn ->
root no ->
root ifconfig ->
root netstat ->
root ping ->
root reboot ->
root route ->
root passwd ->
root date ->
root timezone ->
root config ->
root maintenance -> kernel_list boot_mode sw_upgrade
key_upgrade reset_counter configuration tcpXmode
root maintenance kernel_list ->
root maintenance boot_mode ->
root maintenance sw_upgrade ->
root maintenance key_upgrade ->
root maintenance reset_counter -> satrx1
root maintenance reset_counter satrx1 ->
root maintenance configuration -> list wrt del load default
factory
root maintenance configuration list ->
50. SkyStream Networks
38 CLI Commands and Operation
LNBLowFreq(GHz) :N/A
LNBHighFreq(GHz) :N/A
LNBOffset(MHz) :0.09
Eb/N0 (dB) :10.50
QPSKBER :0.00
ViterbiBER :0.00
ReedSolomonCError :0
ReedSolomonUCError :0
show interface eth1
Command Type: show interface eth1
Description Shows interface eth1 settings
Range (see [config-mode] interface eth1 or eth2)
Example Eth1
current settings
IfStatus :up
IPAddr :192.168.100.104
SubnetMask :255.0.0.0
MACAddr :00:30:1d:00:04:3d
DHCP :disable
show interface eth2
Command Type: show interface eth2
Description Shows interface eth2 settings
Range (see [config-mode] interface eth1 or eth2)
Example Eth2
current settings
IfStatus :up
IPAddr :192.168.200.104
SubnetMask :255.255.255.0
MACAddr :00:30:1d:00:04:3c
DHCP :disable
show interface ppp
Command Type: show interface ppp
Description Shows interface ppp settings
51. EMR-5000 User’s Guide version 2.3
39
Range (see [config-mode] interface ppp)
Example PPP
current PPP Interface settings
PPPStatus :disable
DialMode :manual
ConnectionStatus :disconnected
IfStatus :down
current ISP/Remote PPP Server settings
PhoneNumber :Not Set
UserName :Not Set
Password :Not Set
DebugOn :off
ExpectSendEntry1 :-,-
ExpectSendEntry2 :-,-
ExpectSendEntry3 :-,-
ExpectSendEntry4 :-,-
ExpectSendEntry5 :-,-
current Network setup
UsePeerDefaultRoute :yes
MaxRecvUnit (MRU) :1500
MAXTranUnit (MTU) :1500
ReqLocalIPAddr :0.0.0.0
ReqRemoteIPAddr :0.0.0.0
current Hardware settings
LineSpeed :57600
HWFlowControl :enable
current Modem settings
InitString :ATE0V1Q0&D2
DialString :ATDT
show interface isdn (optional)
Command Type: show interface isdn
Description Shows isdn interface settings
Range (see [config-mode] interface isdn)
Example ISDN
Interface settings
MasterStatus : Connected
DialMode : Manual
52. SkyStream Networks
40 CLI Commands and Operation
IfStatus : Up
ISP/Remote ISDN Server Setup
PhoneNumber :Not Set
UserName :Not Set
Password :********
ISDN-PPP Setup
UseThisAsDefaultRoute :Yes
VJHeaderCompression :Enabled
BChannel :One Channel
MRU :2000
MTU :1500
IPAddressNegotiation :Enabled
RequestedIPAddress :0.0.0.0
RequestedRemoteIPAddress :0.0.0.0
ISDN Line Settings
DChannelProtocol :NI1
MSNEAZ1 :Not Set
MSNEAZ2 :Not Set
SPID1 :121123
SPID2 :1234567890
show interface sync (optional)
Command Type: show interface sync
Description Shows sync interface settings
Range (see [config-mode] interface sync)
Example Sync
current settings
PID :0XFFFF
SerialBitShift :LSB
Speed(bps) :2
Media Type :X.21
Protocol :HDLC
Link Status :Up
53. EMR-5000 User’s Guide version 2.3
41
show active_pids
Command Type: show active_pids
Description Shows active PID numbers entered by the user
Range (PIDs in decimal or hexadecimal)
Example Pid list1
----------------------
Pid Num | Pid Type
----------------------
34 strmUnknown
35 strmUnknown
36 strmUnknown
48 strmUnknown
show active_macs
Command Type: show active_macs
Description Shows additional active MAC addresses for satellite receivers
Range (Shows active MAC addresses entered by user)
Example Promiscuous Mode : disable
MAC list1
------------------
MAC Address list
------------------
00:20:34:59:00:20
show active_fkcas
Command Type: show active_fkcas
Description Shows active fixed keys
Range (Shows active fixed keys entered by user)
Example fkcas list1
54. SkyStream Networks
42 CLI Commands and Operation
------------------------------------------
Pid Num | Key | Parity
------------------------------------------
24 12-00-00-20-34-59-00-20 even
show skycast_rules
Command Type: show skycast_rules
Description Shows each SkyCast rule in the following format: original destination IP address,
new destination IP address, TTL, packet action, netmask IP address, packets
received, and packets sent. to Ethernet 1 and Ethernet 2.
Range (see [config-mode] skycast_rules)
Example skycast status: enable
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
OrgIPAddr|NewIPAddr|TTL|Action |eth|NetMask|PktRecv|PktProc|PktToEth1|PktToEth2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
224.6.6.6 |224.6.6.6 |20 |fwdiflst|1 |255.0.0.0| 0 |0 |0 |0 |0
show skynat_rules
Command Type: show skynat_rules
Description Shows SkyNAT: original destination IP address, new destination IP address,
Time-To-Live, Action, Netmask IP address, packets processed, and packets sent.
Range (see [config-mode] skynat1)
Example nat1 status: Enable
SkyCast The SkyStream system
used for IP Multicast
Management.
SkyNAT EMR application used to
support packet translation of
incoming data from satellite for
address translation, protocol
translation, and TTL translation.
55. EMR-5000 User’s Guide version 2.3
43
--------------------------------------------------------------------
OrgDestIPAddr | NewDestIPAddr| TTL | NetMask | PktRecv | PktSent
--------------------------------------------------------------------
244.1.1.1 | 244.2.2.2 | 4 |255.0.0.0| 0 | 0
show skynpt_rules
Command Type: show skynpt_rules
Description Shows SkyNTP: original destination IP address, UDP port, TCP Port, packets
received, and packets sent.
Range (see [config-mode] skynpt1)
Example ntp1 status: Enable
---------------------------------------------------------------------
OrgDestIPAddr | NewDestIPAddr| UDPPort | TCPPort | PktRecv | PktSent
----------------------------------------------------------------------
244.1.1.1 | 198.164.200.2 | 459 | 459 |0 | 0
show tcpX
Command Type: show tcpX
Description Shows TCP Acceleration settings
Range (see [config-mode tcpX]#)
Example TCP Acceleration
Current Server side settings
PrimaryRemoteServerAddr :192.168.4.144:1161
SecondaryRemoteServerAddr:NotSet:2913
POP3ServerAddr :NotSet:110
SMTPServerAddr :NotSet:25
NNTPServerAddr :NotSet:119
Current Client Side Settings
HTTPListenPort :7777
FTPListenPort :7876
SSLListenPort :9092
POP3ListenPort :110
SMTPListenPort :25
NNTPListenPort :119
56. SkyStream Networks
44 CLI Commands and Operation
Current User Defined Service Settings
-----------------------------------------
ServerAddress | ServerPort | ClientPort
-----------------------------------------
200.200.200.200 | 8888 | 9999
Current Compression Settings
CompressionStatus:Disabled
CompressionLevel :1
HTTPCompression :No
FTPCompression :No
CompressedFileExt:txt,
bmp,
doc,
PPP
Current General Info
TCPAccModeStatus :Enabled
MaxTCPConn :1000
TransparentProxy :Disabled
show version
Command Type: show version
Description Shows Bitstream file, current kernel version of EMR software running, number
of interfaces, and Field Programmable Gate Array version.
Range (All version numbers)
Example Current Running Kernel Version : EMR.17.06
Software Package : TCP Acceleration
Software Build Date : Sep 8 01:15:07 CDT 2001
System Uptime : 0 days, 01:13
Number of Satrx Interface : 1
Number of Ethernet Interface : 2
Total SDRAM : 128 MB
Mainboard Version : EMR5000
Boot Version : 1.17
System Firmware Version : 2001/04/27:15:23:42
Tuner Firmware Version : 2001/02/06:17:16:26
show turbointernet-vpn
Command Type: show turbointernet-vpn
57. EMR-5000 User’s Guide version 2.3
45
Description Shows Turbo Internet/VPN settings
Range (All version numbers)
Example TurboInternet/VPN
current Connection Method
Status :IPSec Disconnected ,PPTP Disconnected
ConnectionUsed :PPTP
InitiateConnection :Upon Request (Manually)
current PPTP settings
ServerIPAddress :64.165.192.142
UserName :administrator
Password :******
SatMACFiltering :PPP Address (Encrypted over DVB)
Advanced Options settings
NATApplied :Ethernet-1
MACPrefix :0000
no
Command 1 Type: no
Description Use the no command to delete configuration values under the following four
sections; active pids, active macs, skycast rules, and skynat rules.
Range ( active configuration values)
Example (see [config-mode active_pids1]#) type: no 0x10
(see [config-mode active_macs1]#) type: no 00:00:ce:aa:02:b7
(see [config-mode skycast_r ules]#) type: no 234.231.10.1
234.231.10.1 237 fwd-if-listener eth1 255.255.255.255
(see [config-mode skynat_rules]#) type: no 244.1.1.1 244.2.2.2 4
255.0.0.0 0 0
ifconfig
Command Type: ifconfig
Description Shows all interface information
58. SkyStream Networks
46 CLI Commands and Operation
Range (All ifconfig information)
Example
eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:30:1D:00:09:E9
inet addr:192.168.4.187 Bcast:192.168.4.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:9542660 errors:9 dropped:9 overruns:0 frame:13
TX packets:19700 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:19441
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
Interrupt:9 Base address:0xffe0
eth2 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:30:1D:00:09:E8
inet addr:172.16.2.2 Bcast:172.16.2.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:2969131 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:15155 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:11414 carrier:11414
collisions:0 txqueuelen:100
Interrupt:28
satrx1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:30:1D:00:09:EA
inet addr:10.1.1.2 Bcast:10.1.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:644 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:644 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:100
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.255.0.0
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:3856 Metric:1
RX packets:194 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:194 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
ppp1 Link encap:Point-to-Point Protocol
inet addr:200.100.99.100 P-t-P:200.100.99.99 Mask:255.255.255.0
UP POINTOPOINT RUNNING NOARP MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:10 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:17 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:30
sl0 Link encap:Serial Line IP
UP POINTOPOINT RUNNING NOARP MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:10
59. EMR-5000 User’s Guide version 2.3
47
netstat
Command Type: netstat
Description Shows all active network connection information (for more information on the
netstat command, see Appendix A: Command Definitions)
Range (All netstat information)
Example
Active Internet connections (w/o servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State
tcp 0 0 192.168.4.163:telnet 192.168.4.181:2406 ESTABLISHED
tcp 0 126 192.168.4.163:telnet 192.168.6.102:4132 ESTABLISHED
tcp 0 0 1.1.2:telnet 10.1.1.1:1077 ESTABLISHED
tcp 0 0 10.1.1.2:telnet 10.1.1.1:1079 ESTABLISHED
tcp 0 0 10.1.1.2:telnet 10.1.1.1:socks ESTABLISHED
tcp 0 0 10.1.1.2:telnet 10.1.1.1:1081 ESTABLISHED
Active UNIX domain sockets (w/o servers)
Proto RefCnt Flags Type State I-Node Path
unix 3 [ ] DGRAM 7107 /dev/log
unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 7110
unix 2 [ ] STREAM 62
unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 45
ping
Command 1 Type: ping (see Help)
Description Sends ICMP ping packets to a specified address (for more information on the
ping command, see Appendix A: Command Definitions).
Range (All IP addresses on network)
Example usage: ping [-LRdfnqrv] [-c count] [-i wait] [-l preload]
[-p pattern] [-s packetsize] [-t ttl] [-I interface address]
host
NOTE At the prompt, type the string of parameters separated with a space.
Command 2 Type: ping 192,168.100.70
Example PING 192.168.100.70 (192.168.100.70): 56 databytes
64 bytes from 192.168.100.70:icm_seq=0
ttl=128 time=1.6 ms
NOTE To stop PING command, type CTRL+C.
60. SkyStream Networks
48 CLI Commands and Operation
reboot
Command Type: reboot
Description Reboots system
Range (EMR)
Example You will be prompted “reboot: Are you sure you want to reboot? (yes/no).”
route
Command Type: route
Description Shows IP routing information (for more information on the route command, see
Appendix A: Command Definitions)
Range (All active network destinations)
Example
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
192.168.4.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth1
10.1.1.0 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0
200.100.10.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 etnr0
224.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 U 0 0 0 eth0
default 192.168.4.254 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth1
passwd
Command Type: passwd
Description Prompts to change password. Type in new password and press Enter. You will
be prompted to re-type the password again.
Range (Type a string)
Example Changing password for user cli.
New UNIX password:
Retype new UNIX password:
After retyping the new password correctly, the following message is displayed:
passwd: all athentication tokens updated successfully.
61. EMR-5000 User’s Guide version 2.3
49
date
Command 1 Type: date
Description Press enter and it will display the current date and time.
Example Tues Jul 16 14:22:00 PDT 2002
Command 2 Type: date 071613002002
Description Sets the date to July 16th 2002 1:00 P.M. date command modifies system time
and hardware clock.
Range (24 hour clock)
timezone
Command 1 Type: timezone
Description Press enter and it will display the current timezone.
Example America/Los_Angeles
Command 2 Type: timezone -l
NOTE Use the lowercase letter ‘l” not the number “1”.
Description Press enter and it will lists available timezones.
Range (Country/City—see list)
Example Africa/Abidjan
Africa/Accra
Africa/Addis_Ababa
Africa/Algiers
Africa/Asmera
Africa/Bamako
Africa/Bangui
Command 3 Type: timezone US/Pacific
Description Press enter and it will set new timezone.
62. SkyStream Networks
50 CLI Commands and Operation
config
In config mode, there are three formats for entering values:
1 Attribute + value
2 Value only
3 String of values
Each command will give you an example of which format to use.
Command 1 Type: config
Description Changes prompt to config-mode
Command 2 In [config-mode]# type: ?
Description Shows all [config-mode]# subcommands
Range (All [config-mode]# subcommands)
Example pref preferences configuration node
interface Interface configuration
active_macs1 Active MAC list for Satellite Receiver 1
active_pids1 PID list for Satellite Receiver 1
active_fkcas1 FKCas list for Satellite Receiver 0
skycast Skycast configuration node
skycast_rule SkyCast rule list
skynat1 Skynat configuration node
snmp snmp settings
tcpX TCP Acceleration configuration node
turbointernet-vpn Turbo Internet/VPN Configuration Node
TIP To delete a parameter for
active_pids1, active_macs1,
active_fkcas1, or skynat_rule1, at
the applicable prompt, type “no” and
then the parameter. Remember to
type “{“ to open the node for
configuration.
NOTE When changing the attributes of a list such as skycast_rules,
active_macs1, active_pids1, active_fkcas1, and skynat_rule1, you must enter
the parameters as a string. When editing the string, type the whole corrected
string at the appropriate prompt and CLI will make the change. At the CLI
prompt, type show running-config to check it.
63. EMR-5000 User’s Guide version 2.3
51
[config-mode] pref
Command 1 In [config-mode]# type: pref {
Description Changes to [config-mode pref]
Command 2 In [config-mode pref]# type: ?
Description The preferences list appears, which shows configurable system parameters. Each
command is a toggle between a pair of parameters.
Range (see list)
Example Attribute list
PidInputStyle dec | hex
Telnet disable | enable
HTTP disable | enable
RouterMode disable | enable
BoostLevel disable | enable
PidRateMonitoring disable | enable
ConsoleLogView disable | enable
FECMode auto | manual
PromiscuousMode disable | enable
MACForwarding ethernet-1 | ethernet-2
TCPProxy disable | enable
SMMPCtrlPidStatus lock | unlock
SMMPDataPidStatus lock | unlock
SMMPCtrlPortStatus lock | unlock
SMMPDataPortStatus lock | unlock
SMMPAutoDiscPortStatus lock | unlock
SMMPCtrlAddrMCastStatus lock | unlock
SMMPDataAddrMCastStatus lock | unlock
SMMPCtrlPid PidValue
SMMPDataPid PidValue
SMMPCtrlPort Integer(1 .. 65535)
SMMPDataPort Integer(1 .. 65535)
SMMPAutoDiscPort Integer(1 .. 65535)
SMMPCtrlMCastAddr IP Address (A.B.C.D)
SMMPDataMCastAddr IP Address (A.B.C.D)
Values
I PidInputStyle: Type “dec” or “hex” to toggle between decimal or hexadecimal
parameters.
I Telnet: Type “disable” or “enable” to turn Telnet on or off.
I HTTP: Type “disable” or “enable” to turn HTTP on or off.
