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estimate manual
1. ESTIMATE MANUAL
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ACTIVITY LIST FOR HIGHWAYS & BUILDINGS
Group 100 - Roadside and related features ----------
Group 200 - Roadside features ----------
Group 300 - Traffic services ----------
Group 400 - Emergency works ----------
Group 500 - Supervision, support & overhead ----------
STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS FOR HIGHWAYS & BRIDGES
Part 1 - Earthwork ----------
Part 2 - Base course ----------
Part 3 - Surface course & pavements ----------
Part 4 - Structures ----------
Part 5 - Incidental construction ----------
ESTIMATING PROCEDURES FOR :
1. Batterboard ----------
2. Excavation ----------
3. Backfill ----------
4. Concrete ----------
5. Ratio of mixture ----------
6. Mortar mixture ----------
7. Curve & gutter ----------
8. Asphalt pavement ----------
9. Concrete pavement ----------
10. Base course ----------
11. Sub - grade ----------
12. Grouted riprap ----------
13. Adobe stone ----------
14. Adobe buttress ----------
15. Mortar for adobe stone ----------
16. Cement and sand factor per concrete pipe joint collar ----------
17. CHB concrete footing per meter ----------
18. Concrete hollow blocks ----------
19. Labor output per team ----------
20. Plastering ----------
21. Cement tiles ----------
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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22. Grouting compound ----------
23. Scaffolding ----------
24. Form works ----------
25. Floor joist ----------
26. Wooden studs & sidings ----------
27. Wooden flooring ----------
28. Double walling ----------
29. Double wall partition ----------
30. Ceiling joist ----------
31. Baseboard ----------
32. Ceiling board ----------
33. Aluminum tee runner ----------
34. Facia board ----------
35. Wooden trusses & rafters ----------
36. Purlins ----------
37. Roofing ----------
37.c.1. Pitch fcator of truss & rafter ----------
37.g.1.a. Table of coverage ( G. I. sheet ) ----------
37.g.1.b. Table of coverage ----------
37.g.2. Table of fasteners ----------
37.g.3. Table of rivet per sheet of roofing ----------
37.g.4. Table of strap per plain G. I. sheet ----------
SPREADING RATES OF PAINTS
1. Oil paint ----------
2. Oil paint flat ----------
3. Enamel paint ----------
4. Exterior spur varnish ----------
5. Interior spur varnish ----------
6. Shellac ----------
7. Single satin finish ----------
8. Asphalt rough finish ----------
9. Water paint ----------
RATE OF APPLICATION ( TILES ) ----------
NAILS CONVERSION FACTORS ----------
STANDARD REINFORCEMENT OF WALLS ----------
DOOR JAMBS WITHOUT TRANSOM ----------
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DOOR JAMBS WITH TRANSOM ----------
FLUSH DOOR FRAME ----------
HOUR RATE PER ITEM OF WORK ----------
UNIT RATE PER ITEM OF WORK ----------
LABOR OUTPUT PER MAN-DAY ----------
LABOR CAPABILITY PER HOUR ----------
FLAT BAR IN KILOS ----------
WEIGHT OF BOLTS IN KILOS ----------
INCH TO MILLIMETER CONVERSION TABLE ----------
BOLTS REQUIRED FOR TRUSSES ----------
TABLE OF VALUES FOR STRENGTH OF CONCRETE ----------
REBAR CONVERSION TABLE ----------
TIEWIRE FORMULA ----------
DECORS ----------
CHANNELS ----------
ANGLES ----------
UNEQUAL ANGLES ----------
CARPENTRY WORKS ----------
CEILING PARTITION & FORMWORKS ----------
LIGHT & HEAVY EQUIPMENT CAPABILTY TABLE ----------
HEAVY & LIGHT EQUIPMENT FOR :
1. Clearing & grubbing ----------
2. Drainage ditche ----------
3. Excavation ----------
4. Embankment ----------
5. Base course construction ----------
6. Surface treatment ----------
7. Aggregate production ----------
8. Subgrade preparation ----------
9. Base course construction ----------
10. Capabilities of manual labor ----------
TABLE I - POL CONSUMPTION OF ORDINANCE EQUIP. ----------
TABLE II - POL CONSUMPTION OF ENGINEERING EQUIP. ----------
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ACTIVITY LIST FOR HIGHWAYS & BUILDINGS
GROUP 100 - ROAD & RELATED FEATURES
Unpaved Road Surfaces
101 Manual repair of unpaved road surfaces ----------
102 Manual patching of unpaved soad surfaces ----------
103 Machine patching of unpaved road surfaces ----------
104 Machine grading unpaved road surfaces ----------
Bituminou Pavements
111 Premix patching bituminous pavments ----------
112 Penetration patching bituminous pavements ----------
113 Sealing bituminous pavements ----------
114 Replacement of bituminous pavements ----------
Concrete Pavements
121 Patching concrete pavaments ----------
122 Crack & joint sealing of concrete pavements ----------
123 Replacement of concrete pavements ----------
Unpaved Shoulder
131 Manual repair of unpaved shoulder ----------
132 Manual patching unpaved shoulder ----------
133 Machine grading unpaved shoulder ----------
Drainage
141 Manual ditch cleaning ----------
142 Manual inlet/outlet cleaning ----------
143 Culvert line cleaning ----------
144 Repair / replacement of minor drainage structures ----------
Bridges
151 Cleaning bridges ----------
152 Patching concrete decks ----------
153 Repair to concrete bridges ----------
154 Repair to steel bridges ----------
155 Repair to bailey bridges ----------
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156 Repair to tomber bridges ----------
157 Cleaning bridge waterways ----------
Ferries
161 Ferry service ----------
Temporary Repairs
171 Temporary patching ----------
Other Maintenance and Repairs
181 Other maintenance to roadway & related feature ----------
GROUP 200 - ROADSIDE FEATURES
201 Vegetation control ----------
202 Erosion repair & control on roadside ----------
203 Repair to major roadside structures ----------
204 Other roadside maintenance ----------
GROUP 300 - TRAFFIC SERVICES
301 Sign maintenance ----------
302 Centerline & lane line repainting ----------
303 Guardrail maintenance ----------
304 Sight distnace mowing & clearing ----------
305 Other traffic services ----------
GROUP 400 - EMERGENCY WORKS
401 Initial response to emergency roadways ----------
402 Initial response to emergency bridges ----------
403 Emergency projects ----------
GROUP 500 - SUPERVISION, SUPPORT & OVERHEAD
501 Production of bituminous pavements ----------
502 Other material production & hnadling ----------
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503 Idirect cost of work or expenses ----------
504 Other work or expenses ----------
505 Foreman supervision ----------
506 Unproductive time ----------
STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS FOR HIGHWAYS & BRIDGES
CONSTRUCTION DETAILS
Part I - Earthwork
100 Clearing & grubbing ----------
101 Selective removal of trees ----------
102 Stripping ----------
103 Removal of bridges,culverts & siphons ----------
104 Removal of miscellaneous structures ----------
105 Roadway & drainage excavation ----------
106 Excavation for structures ----------
107 Borrow ----------
108 Selected borrow (aggregate sub-base) ----------
109 Embankments ----------
110 Foundation fill ----------
111 Overhaul ----------
112 Borrow haul ----------
113 Subgrade
114 Rolling ----------
115 Watering ----------
116 Shoulders ----------
117 Finishing earth graded roads ----------
118 Preparation of previously constructed road ----------
119 Protection ditches
120 Spot subgrade reinforcement
Part 2 - Base Coarse
200 Selected borrow base course (agg. base course) ----------
201 Gravel, crushed gravel or crushed stone base course ----------
202 Sledged stone base course ----------
203 Bituminous macadam base base course ----------
Unit of M
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204 Bituminous plant mix base course ----------
Part 3 - Surface Coarse and Pavements
300 Field laboratory ----------
301 Asphaltic materials ----------
302 Bituminous prime coat ----------
303 Bituminous tack coat ----------
304 Bituminous surface treatment ( emulsified asphalt type ) ----------
305 Bituminous seal coat
306 Bituminous macadam pavement ( hot asph. type ) ----------
307 Bituminous macadam pavement ( emulsified asphalt type ) ----------
308 Dense graded plant - mix surface course ( emulsified asphalt type ) ----------
309 Open-graded plant - mix surface course ----------
310 Bituminous concrete surface course ----------
311 Bituminous preservative treatment ----------
312 Dense graded travel plant - mix surface course ----------
313 Rock asphalt ----------
314 Bituminous surface treatment ( H. A. T. ) ----------
315 Drag broom ----------
316 Portland cement concrete pavement ----------
317 Rock asphalt binder course ----------
Part 4 - Structures
400 Steel bridges ----------
401 Timber detour span ----------
402 Piling ----------
403 Concrete railing ---------- l.m. along C.L. '----------
404 Paints or painting
405 Concrete ----------
406 Reinforcing steel ----------
407 Structural steel ----------
408 Welding structural steel
409 Sheet files ----------
410 Treated & untreated timber ----------
411 Timber structures
412 Stone masonry ----------
Part 5 - Iincidental Construction
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500 Riprap & grouted riprap ----------
501 Hand - laid rock embankment ----------
502 Combination concrete curve & gutter ----------
503 Concrete sidewalk ----------
504 Bituminous sidewalk ----------
505 Reinforced concrete pipe culvert ----------
506 Catch basin, manholes & inlets ----------
507 Wood guardrail ----------
508 Traffic line lacquer ----------
509 Underdrains ----------
ESTIMATING PROCEDURE FOR :
1. BATTERBOARD
a. To estimate batterboard, first compute the area of the structure in sq.m. multiply the
4.85 bd.ft. for 2" x 2" lumber, 7.28 bd.ft. for 2" x 3" lumber. Then the total bd.ft. divi
2 will give you the bd.ft. of lumber to be used as batterboard.
b. The second procedure is to compute the lineal meter of the structure location giving an
wance or margin of 1.00 all around. Count also the no. of stake to be used. No. of stake
ply by 1.20 ( length of stake ) to get total lineal meter. Add all the ilneal meter & chang
neal foot. Compute the bd.ft. by using 2" x 2" or 2" x 3" lumber.
c. For nails : divide the total bd.ft. by 1,000 then multiply by 15 to get kilos required.
: divide the total bd.ft. by 2,500.
d. For # 12 guide wire to be used as guide in layout, divide the total bd.ft. by 4,000 to ob
roll of wire.
Batterboard
Stake
Guide
2. EXCAVATION
a. To estimate volume of excavation, compute the area to be excavated then multiply by
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depth
b. For cut and fill, use the Prismoidal Formula (A1 + A2)/2 x depth or length.
3. BACKFILL
a. For backfilling, use the same procedure as of the excavation no. 1, by multiply the len
width & depth. If the backfill will be compacted add 15% for compaction.
4. CONCRETE
a. To estimate volume or cu.m. of concrete, use the same procedure in computing excav
& backfilling.
b. To obtain bag of cement, sand and gravel, determine first the psi or class of mixture.
5. RATIO OF MIXTURES
1 : 1 : 2
Cement
Sand
Gravel
1 : 1½ : 3
Cement
Sand
Gravel
1 : 2 : 4
Cement
Sand
Gravel
1 : 2½ : 5
Cement
Sand
Gravel
1 : 3 : 6
Cement
Sand
Gravel
1 : 3½ : 7
Cement
Sand
Gravel
Class C
Class D
Class AAA
Class AA
Class A
Class B
1
2
2
3
3,5
4,5
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6. MORTAR MIXTURE
1 : 1
Cement
Sand
1 : 2
Cement
Sand
1 : 3
Cement
Sand
1 : 4
Cement
Sand
1 : 5
Cement
Sand
7. CURVE & GUTTER
a. To estimate curve and gutter : lm x 0.74 cu.m. = total cu.m.
b. To obtain form lumber : lm x 8.50 bd.ft. = total bd. ft.
c. To obtain cement, sand , gravel : determine the mixture to be used & multiply the
by the corresponding factor of mixture.
8. ASPHALT PAVEMENT
a. To obtain asphalt for 2" thk. Asphalting : 1 metric ton of asphalt coverage of 8.75 s
for prime coating (liquid) : total sq.m. divided by 400 = no. of drums or 1 gal. Asp
coverage of 64.0 sq.ft. or 6.00 sq.m..
9. CONCRETE PAVEMENT
a. To obtain bag of cement for 8" thk. pavement : total cu.m. x 8.50 = bags, or total
x 1.90 = bags. for sand : total cu.m. x 0.47 = cu.m. of sand. for gravel : tota
x 0.94 = cu.m. of gravel. for water : cu.m. x 66.40 = gal. of water.
10. BASE COURSE
a. To obtain base coarse for 6.00 m. wide x 0.20 road : Compacted = for every km. u
1,200 cu.m. base course.
In-place-(Quarried) = for every km.use 1260 cu.m.
Loose (hauled) use 1400 cu.m.
Class B
Class C
Class D
Class AA
Class A
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11. SUB GRADE
a. To obtain subgrade or road bed for 9.00 x 0.15 road using common borrow
Compacted = for every km. use 1350 cu.m.
In-place (Quarried) = for every km. use 1500 cu.m.
Loose (Hauled) = for every km. use 2010 cu.m.
12. GROUTED RIPRAP
a. To estimate riprap grouting : total volume of riprap x 0.15 or 0.30 = volume of co
To obtain cement : vol. x factor, same as to sand : area x 0.425 = cement, area
= sand in cu.m..
b. To obtain volume of riprap : area x depth = volume of riprap.
13. ADOBE STONE
a. To estimate adobe : 0.15 x 0.15 x 0.45 : total area x 15 pcs. for cross footing, ar
pcs for stairs, cu.m. x 90 pcs. for mortar of 1 cm. thk. Wall factor : 0.0009, f
footing factor : 0.000675, for stairs factor : 0.001575.
b. To obtain cement and sand, multiply the cu.m. by no. of pcs., then multiply by factor
moratr. To estimate cross footing : estimate it as continuous footing.
14. ADOBE BUTTRESS
Finish Cross Section Stone/Course Stone /
0.35 x 0.50 2
0.50 x 0.50 3
0.50 x 0.65 4
0.50 x 0.80 5
0.50 x 0.95 6
15. MORTAR FOR ADOBE STONE - 1 centimeter thick
0.000675 cm.
0.0009 cm.
0.001575 cm.
16. CEMENT & SAND FACTOR PER CONCRETE PIPE JOINT COLLAR
Pipe Diameter Cement
0.02
0.03
0.058" dia. NRC
Wall
Stair - Buttress
4" dia. NRC
6" dia. NRC
Cross Footing
two sides
one side
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0.12
0.15
0.20
0.35
0.50
0.70
0.75
1.20
Note : When wall is supported by buttress, estimate first the buttress stone for adobe.
estimate stone for adobe wall ( subtract width of buttress & openings ). To esti
cross footing, estimate it as continuous footing.
17. CHB CONCRETE FOOTING PER METER
CHB Ftg. thk. Ftg. Base Cement Sand Gravel
4" 0.10 0.30 0.27 0.01 0.02
0.15 0.30 0.45 0.02 0.04
0.15 0.45 0.63 0.03 0.06
18. CONCRETE HOLLOW BLOCKS ( C H B )
a. To estimate CHB Wall, compute the total area of coverage and less all openings such
dows & doors.
b. To obtain pieces of CHB : area x 12.15 or 12.50 .
c. To obtain cement : area x 0.27 for 4" CHB, 0.71 for 6" CHB, & 1.16 for 8" CHB
d. For sand : area x 0.022 for 4" CHB, 0.058 for 6" CHB, & 0.094 for 8" CHB.
e. For Rebars :
4" CHB using #3 @ 32" verical. & #3 @ 24" horizontal, area x 1.64 = kg.
using #3 @ 32" vertical & #4 @ 24" horizontal, area x 1.85 = kg.
6" CHB using #3 @ 32" verical . & #3 @ 24" horizontal, area x 1.64 = kg.
using #4 @ 32" vertical & #4 @ 24" horizontal, area x 2.90 = kg.
8" CHB using #3 @ 32" vertical & #3 @ 24" horizontal, area x 2.00 = kg.
using #4 @ 32" vertical & #4 @ 24" horizontal, area x 3.32 = kg.
f. For tie wire #16 : for 4" CHB = area x 0.005, for 6" CHB = area x 0.008, for
CHB = area x 0.009. All answer for this will be in roll of wire. Other procedure :
kgs. Divided by 0.300 = roll of wire.
48" dia. RCP
24" dia. RCP
30" dia. RCP
36" dia. RCP
42" dia. RCP
12" dia. RCP
15" dia. RCP
18" dia. RCP
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19. LABOR OUTPUT PER TEAM
a. 4" CHB : Crew - 1 mason & 2 helper will rate 12 sq.m./8 hrs. or 2.20 mh./sq.m.
b. 6" CHB : Crew - 1 mason & 2 helper will rate 10 sq.m./8 hrs. or 2.40 mh./sq.m.
c. 8" CHB : Crew - 1 mason & 2 helper will rate 8 sq.m./8 hrs. or 3.00 mh./sq.m.
20. PLASTERING
a. To estimate mortar for plastering, compute the area & multiply 0.025 or 0.0125 to ob
volume 1 Face = 0.0125, 2 Faces = 0.025.
b. To obtain bags of cement : vol. x 13, for sand : vol. x 1.06. Before obtaining ba
cement & cu.m. of sand, determine first the no. of face to be plastered & class of mixtu
c. To obtain cement : area x 0.33 = bags, for sand : area x 0.03 = cu.m. sand.
21. CEMENT TILES
a. To obtain pcs. of cement tiles of 4" x 4" : area in sq.m. x 100 pcs., for 6" x 6" :
x 45 pcs, for 8" x 8" : area x 25 pcs., for 12" x 12" : area x 12 pcs., for 16" x
area x 6.25 pcs.
b. For bedding : area x 0.33 = bags of cement, area x 0.03 = cu.m. of sand.
22. GROUTING COMPOUND
a. Horntop coating : 1 liter for every 1 sq.m.
b. Horntop floor topping : 1.20 for every 1 sq.m.
c. Applicaton : Part A and B should be mixed by machine at a rate of 250 to 300 rpm
4 min. minimum. During mixing period add 5 parts of sol. silica sand. Coating thickn
should be 2mm = 1/16 V for topping thickness 5mm = 1/4.
d. Using daraweld C : for bonding mixture use 1 part daraweld, 5 parts cement, 2.50
sand & 1 part water.
For topping : 1 part daraweld, 5 parts cement, 15 parts sand and 1 part water.
For non-skid surface : 1 part daraweld, 5 parts cement, 5 parts sand and 1.5 part
of water. For waterproofing : 1 part daraweld, 3 parts cement, 6 parts sand & 1 p
e. Using hornseal as hardener for floor : 1 liter for every 10 sq.m., using as curing
pound : 1 liter for every 5 sq.m., using as sealing : 1 liter for every 6.0 sq.m., if
& 1 liter for every 9 sq.m..
f. Hydratite : use 1 lb. for every 1 bag of cement.
g. Sahara : use I bag sahara for every 1 bag of cement.
23. SCAFFOLDING
a. Compute the floor area plus the area of the four elevations, then multiply by the no. of
for floor of the structure.
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b. To obtain bd.ft.of lumber : total area x 6.75 = total bd.ft. of 2" x 3" lumber.
c. To obtain nails : divide the total bd.ft. by 2500 = keg of nails, note that I keg of nail
equivalent to 45 kilos.
d. Other solution in obtaining nails : total bd.ft. divide by 1000 then multiply by 15
of nails.
24. FORMWORKS
a. To estimate formworks, compute the area of the item that need form work.
b. To obtain bd.ft. of lumber, multiply the area by the corresponding factor on the conve
table for formulas. After obtaining the total bd.ft. divide it to no. of uses.
c. To estimate ½" x 4' x 8' sht. board plywood, divide the total area by 2.88 then divide b
no. of uses.
d. For nails : total bd.ft. divide by 2500 = keg.
e. For tie wire : total bd.ft. divide by 4000 = roll.
f. For formoil : change the area of sq.m. to sq.ft. then divide by 200 = gals. of oil.
25. FLOOR JOIST
a. To estimate the floor joist board ft. per sq.m., compute the area then multiply by the c
ponding factor shown in the floor joist conversion.
b. For nails use the same procedure as of the formworks for keg of nails or divide the tot
by 1,000 then multiply by 11.44 for kilos of 4" CW nails.
26. WOODEN STUDS & SIDINGS
a. To estimate bd.ft. of studs at 0.60 o.c. for sidings using 2" x 3",multiply the area by 9
for 2" X 2" : area x 6.54, for 2" x 4" : area x 13.08, for 2" x 5" : area x 16.
b. To obtain nails : divide the total bd.ft. by 1,000 then multiply by 6.80 to obtain kilo
C.W. nails.
c. For stone cut sidings, compute the lineal meter of spread then multiply by 20 pcs / l.m
1" x 3", 13.16 pcs / lm.for 1" x 4", 7.87 pcs / lm. for 1" x 6" & 5.95 pcs / l.m. fo
8".
d. To obtain nails : divide the total bd.ft. by 1,000 then multiply by 9.10 for kilos of 2½
shing nails.
27. WOODEN FLOORING
a. To estimate T&G flooring, compute the linlinear meter of spread then multiply by
l.m. for 1" x 3" T&G, 11.77 pcs / l.m. for 1" x 4", 7.87 pcs / l.m. for 1" x 6" T&
5.34 pcs / l.m. for 1" x 8" T&G.
b. To obtain nails : divide the total boardfeet by 1,000 then multiply by 13.60 for fini
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28. DOUBLE WALLING
a. To estimate plywood double walling of a siding, divide the total area by 2.88 = pcs
wood.
b. To obtain nails : pcs of plywood x 2 then divide by 1,000 then multiply by 9.10 for
shing nails.
29. DOUBLE WALL PARTITION
a. To estimate boardfoot of studs, use the same procedure as of wooden sidings.
b. For plywood, compute the area of the two (2) face walling then divide the total area b
c. For nails : use the same porcedure as of double wall sidings and studs.
30. CEILING JOISTS
a. Compute the area of the ceiling : area x 6.54 for 2" x 2" lumber, area x 9.84 for 2
lumber, area x 2.66 for 2" x 2" ceiling hanger.
b. For nails : use same procedure as of baseboard, then multiply by 9.10 for 3" C.W.
31. BASEBOARDS
a. To estimate the bd.ft. of baseboard : lm x 1.09 for 1" x 4" lumber, lm x 1.37 for
lumber, lm x 1.64 for 1" x 6" lumber.
b. To obtain nails : divide the total bd.ft. by 1,000 then multiply by 5.5 for 1½" finishi
32. CEILING BOARDS
a. To estimate the plywood uisng ¼" x 4' x 8' : divide the area by 2.88, for 0.60 x 1.2
nit or acoustic board : divide the area by 0.72.
b. For nails : use the same procedure of double walling.
33. ALUMINUM TEE RUNNER
a. Divide the length and width by 0.60 x 1.20 to obtain the no. of pcs of aluminum tee ru
Then multiply by the length of installation to obtain the total length of aluminum.
b. Note that the commercial length of aluminum tee runner is 20' or 6.0 meters. To obtai
divide the toatl length by 20' 0r 6.0 in linear meter.
c. For 12 guide wire : total area x 6.54 then divide by 4,000 = roll.
34. FASCIA BOARDS
a. Compute the total linear meter of the end roof all around to obtain total bd.ft. l.m. x 2
1" x 10", lm x 3.28 for 1" x 12", lm x 2.18 for 1" x 8" fascia boards.
b. For nails : divide the total boarddfeet by 1,000 then multiply by 5.5 for 2½" CWN
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35. WOODEN TRUSSES & RAFTERS
a. To obtain the total bd.ft. : take an actual counting of the number of the trusses or ra
then compute the bd.ft. of its members according to the size & length of the lumber to
b. After computing the bd.ft. of the lumber for one (1) truss or rafter multiply this by the
unit specified in the framing plan.
c. For nails : use the same procedure the multiply by 6.8 fo kilos of 3" - 4" C.W.N.
36. PURLINS
a. To estimate the total bd.ft. of purlins : make an actual counting of the purlins show
roof plans or truss and rafter details. Compute the bd.ft. according to size & length.
b. Or compute the area in sq.m., then multiply : area x 3.271 for 2" x 3" lumber, are
4.309 for 2" x 4" lumber, area x 5.321 for 2" x 5" lumber, area x 6.335 for 2" x 6
c. For cleats : area x 3.44 for 2" x 3", area x 4.571 for 2" x 4", area x 5.458 for 2"
area x 6.50 for 2" x 6".
37. ROOFING
a. To estimate roofing by area : solve the total area in flat then add the pitch factor ( s
1 & 2 percentage ), the total is the slotted area of the roof.
b. Divide the slotted area by factor from the table of G.I. sheet coverage.
c. Another procedure in estimating roofing : length of spread divided by 0.67 or 27"
multiply by the no. of lapping or row.
c.1. Pitch Factor of Truss and Rafter
Pitch Inches Decimal % Pitch Inches
0.32 5.50 0.055 0.32 2.00
0.36 6.00 0.06 0.36 3.00
0.40 8.00 0.08 0.40 4.00
0.45 10.00 0.10 0.45 5.00
0.50 12.00 0.12 0.50 6.00
0.55 14.00 0.14 0.55 7.00
0.60 16.00 0.16 0.60 8.00
0.70 22.00 0.22 0.70 11.00
0.80 28.00 0.28 0.80 14.00
0.90 35.00 0.35 0.90 18.00
1.00 42.00 0.42 1.00 21.00
1.20 46.00 0.46 1.20 23.00
NO. 1 SYMMETRICAL NO. 2 SYMMET
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1.50 54.00 0.54 1.50 27.00
d. To obtain metal rivet : pieces of G. I. Sheet x 0.073 = kilo of rivet, for washer
of G. I. sht x 0.146 = kilo of washer, for strap : pcs og G. I. sht x 12 or 9 = pcs o
To convert this to plain G. I. sheet, see table of strap.
e. To obtain gutter, ridge roll, valley roll, flashing : divide the total run or spread by
: 2.10 for ridge roll, valley roll & flashing, 2.25 for gutter & downspout, for cop
vet : no of pcs of joint multiply by 8 pcs then divide by 50 = no. of box, if in kilo
of pcs divided by 160 = kilo.
f. For nikolite : no. of joint x ¼ or 4 or length in foot divided by 24 = kilo
g. For muriatic acid : pcs of nikolite x 10 c.c. = total c.c. of muriatic.
g.1.a. G. I. Sheet coverage - 10" end lap with 2 sides coverlap
Effective
27" x 5' 2" 1.03
x 6' 2" 1.23
x 7' 2" 1.44
x 8' 2" 1.64
x 9' 2" 1.84
x 11' 2" 2.24
x 13' 2" 2.64
g.1.b. Table of Coverage - 12" end lap with 2 side corrugated lap
Effective
32" x 6' 27" x 5' 1.01
x 7' x 6' 1.21
x 8' x 7' 1.40
x 9' x 8' 1.60
x 10' x 9' 1.79
x 12' x 11' 2.21
x 14' x 13' 1.61
g.2. Table of Fasteners
a. G. I. Nails 2½" 102.00
b. Lead Washer 86.00
c. G. I. Rivet ¼" x 3/8" 180.00
d. G. I. Rivet ¼" x ½" 157.00
e. Metal Washer 152.00
Size
x 9'
x 10'
x 12'
x 14'
32" x 6'
x 7'
x 8'
Size Cov
Cov
18. ESTIMATE MANUAL
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g.3 Table of Rivet Per Sheet of Roofing
1. 6' - 0" 6.00
2. 7' - 0" 9.00
3. 8' - 9' 9.00
4. 10' - 12' 12.00
g.4. Table of Strap Per Plain G. I. Sheet
Purlin Size Strap Size
2 x 3 1" x 9" 380.00
2 x 4 1" x 10" 340.00
2 x 5 1" x 11" 310.00
2 x 6 1" x 12" 285.00
h. For senepa flashing : total run divided by 7' or 2.135 to estimate flashing. The sa
of gutter flashing or no. of gutter = no. of flashing for gutter
SPREADING RATES OF PAINTS
Surface Gallon
1. Oil Paint smooth wood 1 coat 600 sq. ft. 55.74
2 coats 325 sq. ft. 30.19
3 coats 25 sq. ft. 21.91
rough 1 coat 350 sq. ft. 32.38
2 coats 200 sq. ft. 18.50
3 coats 135 sq. ft. 12.54
metal 1 coat 700 sq. ft. 65.03
2 coats 340 sq. ft. 31.59
3 coats 230 sq. ft. 21.37
plaster 1 coat 450 sq. ft. 41.81
2 coats 250 sq. ft. 23.23
3 coats 175 sq. ft. 16.25
hardbrick 1 coat 400 sq. ft. 37.16
2 coats 225 sq. ft. 20.90
3 coats 160 sq. ft. 14.86
softbrick 1 coat 350 sq. ft. 32.38
2 coats 200 sq. ft. 18.50
3 coats 150 sq. ft. 13.94
smooth cement 1 coat 350 sq. ft. 32.38
Pc
Coverage
19. ESTIMATE MANUAL
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2 coats 200 sq. ft. 18.50
3 coats 150 sq. ft. 13.94
rough cement 1 coat 200 sq. ft. 18.50
2 coats 100 sq. ft. 9.29
3 coats 50 sq. ft. 4.65
2. Oil Paint Flat smooth wall 1 coat 500 sq. ft. 46.25
2 coats 275 sq. ft. 25.55
3 coats 200 sq. ft. 18.50
plasters 1 coat 400 sq. ft. 37.00
2 coats 225 sq. ft. 20.81
3 coats 160 sq. ft. 14.86
stucco 1 coat 150 sq. ft. 13.94
2 coats 75 sq. ft. 6.97
3. Enamel Paint smooth with 1 coat 500 sq. ft. 46.25
undercoat 2 coats 250 sq. ft. 23.23
4. Exterior Spur smooth wood 1 coat 500 sq. ft. 46.25
Varnish 2 coats 275 sq. ft. 23.55
3 coats 200 sq. ft. 18.50
5. Interior Spur smooth wood 1 coat 450 sq. ft. 41.81
Varnish 2 coats 250 sq. ft. 23.23
3 coats 175 sq. ft. 16.25
6. Shellac smooth wood 1 coat 600 sq. ft. 31.50
2 coats 300 sq. ft. 22.87
rough wood 1 coat 125 sq. ft. 11.16
2 coats 75 sq. ft. 6.97
7. Shingles Satin smooth wood 1 coat 250 sq. ft. 23.23
Finish
8. Asphalt Rough rough 1 coat 150 sq. ft. 13.94
Paint smooth 1 coat 100 sq. ft. 9.29
9. Water Paint gold water paint - 5 lbs, powder
smooth 1 coat 300 sq. ft. 27.87
calsomine - 5 lbs, powder
plaster 1 coat 400 sq. ft. 37.10
wood 1 coat 250 sq. ft. 23.23
white wash - 4 to 5 lbs
brick 1 coat 200 sq. ft. 9.30
hydrated lime
plaster 1 coat 300 sq. ft. 27.87
20. ESTIMATE MANUAL
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RATE OF APPLICATION ( TILES )
Granolithic tiles 0.250
Terrazo A cement tiles 0.250
Laying of Tiles
Rough plaster 0.250
Tile laying 0.080
Unglazed tiles 0.250
Grouted riprap 4.000
12" x 12" Vinyl Tiles 12.000
Holdtite adhesive 0.250
Color powder 1.000
¼" x 2" x 8" Red brick 12.000
¼" x 4½" x 4½" Vitrified tiles 86.000
Pebbles / synthetic 1.500
White cement tile filler 0.035
Hexagonal Tiles
4" x 4" 400.000
3 points hexagonal 2" size 20.000
4 points hexagonal 2" size 16.000
Cement
4" x 4" 100.000
6" x 6" 45.000
8" x 8" 25.000
12" x 12" 12.000
16" x 16" 6.250
Tool Finishing cement 0.150
sand 0.027
Cuirng compound 1.000
Curb and gutter 0.740
Cement 2.000
Sand 0.380
Gravel 0.640
Virified Tiles mortar bed
cement 0.350
sand 0.027
NAILS CONVERSION FACTORS
21. ESTIMATE MANUAL
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Joist and sill 1,000 bd.ft. 11.4 kgs 4"
Studs 1,000 bd.ft. 6.80 kgs 3"
Sheating / sidings 1,000 bd.ft. 9.10 kgs 2½"
Rafters 1,000 bd.ft. 6.80 kgs 3"
Cornice 1,000 l.ft. 11.4 kgs 2½"
Shingling 1,000 pcs 1.80 kgs 1½"
Bevel sidings 1,000 bd.ft. 8.20 kgs 2"
Ceiling joist 1,000 bd.ft. 9.10 kgs 2"
Flooring 1,000 bd.ft. 13.6 kgs 2½"
Baseboard 1,000 bd.ft. 5.50 kgs 2½"
Window trim one (1) side per side 0.50 kgs 2½"
Don trim one (1) side per side 0.30 kgs 2½"
Lath 1,000 bd.ft. 3.60 kgs 1¼"
Lattice 1,000 sq. ft. 9.10 kgs 1¼"
Ballusters 1,000 l.ft. 8.20 kgs asso
Form for concrete 1,000 bd.ft. 15.0 kgs 2" & 4"
STANDARD REINFORCEMENT OF NAILS
Thk'ness Type Vertical Bars Horizontal bars Kgs/cu.m.
0.10 m 1.00 1 - #3/8 @ 0.30 1 - #3 37.20
0.15 m 2.00 2 - #3 @ 0.30 2 - #3 49.60
0.15 m 1.00 1 - #4 @ 0.30 1 - #4 44.20
0.20 m 2.00 2 - #3 @ 0.30 2 - #3 41.00
0.25 m 3.00 2 - #4 @ 0.30 2 - #3 44.48
0.30 m 3.00 2 - #4 @ 0.30 2 - #4 44.20
0.35 m 3.00 2 - #4 @ 0.30 2 - #4 37.90
0.40 m 3.00 2 - #4 @ 0.30 2 - #4 42.25
0.45 m 3.00 2 - #4 @ 0.30 2 - #4 37.50
0.50 m 3.00 2 - #5 @ 0.30 2 - #4 37.56
0.55 m 3.00 2 - #5 @ 0.30 2 - #5 41.40
DOOR JAMBS WITHOUT TRANSOM
1. 0.60 x 2.10 Single panel type 1 pc - 2" x 6" x 16' 16.00
2. 0.65 to 0.90 x 2.10 Single panel type 1 pc - 2" x 6" x 18' 18.00
3. 1.20 x 2.10 Double panel type 1 pc - 2" x 6" x 18' 18.00
4. 1.20 to 1.60 x 2.10 Double panel type 1 pc - 2" x 6" x 20' 20.00
5. 1.80 x 2.10 Double panel type 1 pc - 2" x 6" x 20' 20.00
22. ESTIMATE MANUAL
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DOOR JAMBS WITH TRANSOM
1. 0.90 x 2.10 with transom of 0.30 x 0.40 24.00
2. 1.20 x 2.10 with transom of 0.30 x 0.60 26.00
3. 1.40 to 1.60 x 2.10 with transom of
0.30 x 0.60 28.00
4. 1.80 x 2.10 with transom of 0.30 x 0.60 30.00
FLUSH DOOR FRAME
1. 0.90x2.10 using 2"x3" kiln dried tanguile 18.00
2. 0.60x2.10 using 2"x3" kiln dried tanguile 15.00
3. 0.70 to 0.85 x 2.10 using 2" x 3" kiln dried
tanguile 17.00
HOUR RATE PER ITEM OF WORK
Carpentry
Ceiling board on wood runner ( sq. m. ) 2 - C
Frame installation 1.330
Board installation 1.000
Flush door ( 3' x 7' ) = 21 sq. ft.
Frame - 32.50 bd.ft.
Board - 2 bd.ft.
Glue - 0.10 gal
Fabrication 12.000
Flush door ( 2' - 8" x 7' ) = 18.65 sq. ft.
Frame - 27 bd.ft.
Board - 2 bd.ft.
Glue - 0.10 gal
Fabrication 14.000
Flush door ( 2' - 4" x 7' ) = 16.3 sq. ft.
1 pc. - 2" x 3" x 22'
1 pc. - 2" x 3" x 8'
3 pcs - 2" x 3" x 8'
1 pc. - 2" x 3" x 10'
1 pc. - 2" x 6" x 24'
1 pc. - 2" x 6" x 8'
1 pc. - 2" x 6" x 18'
1 pc. - 2" x 6" x 12'
3 pcs - 2" x 3" x 8'
1 pc. - 2" x 3" x 12'
1 pc. - 2" x 6" x 18'
1 pc. - 2" x 6" x 10'
1 pc. - 2" x 6" x 18'
23. ESTIMATE MANUAL
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Frame - 27 bd.ft.
Board - 2 bd.ft.
Glue - 0.10 gal
Fabrication 12.000
Flush door ( 3' x 7' ) = 21 sq. ft.
Frame - 12 bd.ft. ( to be added to
flush door bd.ft. )
Fabrication 1.250
FRC or FSC with louvers
Louvers - 2 bd.ft.
Fabrication 5.000
Door Jamb
Material : 2" x 6" for 3' x 7' door 18 bd.ft.
Fabrication : 1 Carpenter 18 bd.ft. / 4 hr 4.500
Installation : 2 Carpenters 18 bd.ft. / 3 hr 3.000
Door Jamb with transom of 0.30 lm
Material : 2" x 6" for 3' x 7' door = 22 bd.ft.
Fabrication : 1 Carpenter 22 bd.ft. / 5 hr 4.400
Installation : 2 Carpenters 22 bd.ft. / 3 hr 3.600
Metal Door
Steel door with #16 cladding = size 3' x 7' 21 sq. ft.
Materials : #16 cladding = 42 sq. ft.
IGSC Frame #12 = 50 l.f.
Fabrication : 2 Steelmen / 12 hr 24.000
Equipment : 1 Welding machine 8.000
Steel door - 18" x 14" = 253 sq. ft. (2) leaf
Materials : #16 cladding = 504 sq. ft.
C - Frame #12 = 440 l.f.
Fabrication : 4 Steelmen / 56 hrs 224.000
Equipment : 1 Welding machine 40.000
Tinsmitting
Corrugated G. I. Sheet - 0.685 / sq.m.
Fastener : hook bolt - 4 pcs / 1.47 sq.m. 2.520
strap - pcs 1 sht / 792 (1/1.47) 0.015
G. I. rivets - 8 pcs. ( 1 kg /180 ) 0.030
( 1 kg /1.47 )
Lifting : 4 Tinsmith 0.270
Installation : 1.570
24. ESTIMATE MANUAL
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Ridge roll #26 x 24"
Materials : 8' sht. ( 24/36 ), ( ½ . 33 ) 1… 0.285
Fastener : copper rivet : 8 pcs (1 kg /160), (½ . 33) 0.022
Nicolite : (24/36)(½ . 33) 1.300
Labor : bending 3 bend 8(½ . 33) 1.300
Installation : 2.430
UNIT RATE PER ITEM OF WORK
( man-hour x quantity ) = Total hour = duration
No. of Men
Excavation
1. Common excavation - manual 0.600
2. Common excavation - machine 0.500
3. Rock - manual & machine 8.000
4. Trenching - manual 6.000
5. Trenching - mechanical 0.020
Backfill
1. Structural backfill - manual 5.000
2. Structural backfill - mechanical 2.000
3. Hauling of soil 1.000
Formworks & concrete works
1. Grade member
- formworks 2.540
- concreting 8.540
- finishing 0.400
2. Suspended member
- formworks 3.280
- concreting 16.700
- finishing 0.800
Rebar work
1. ground floor 0.071
2. upper floor 0.080
Finishing
1. Plain cement plastering 1.330
2. Colored cement finish 1.400
3. Pebble washout 2.860
4. Granolithic tile finish 2.860
5. Marble tiles 2.860
25. ESTIMATE MANUAL
25 of 47
6. Vinyl tiles 1.670
7. Unglazed tiles 3.000
8. Glazed tile 0.170
9. Asphalt tiles 1.670
Carpentry works
1. Partition including framing
- ¼" thk plywood single wall 0.230
- ¼" thk plywood double wall 0.314
- wooden louver 314.000
- #10 cyclone wire 0.029
Doors ( excluding finish hardware )
1. FHC door 0.200
2. FSC door 0.286
3. Steel sliding door 0.860
4. Steel single door 0.715
5. Roll up aluminum door - manual 0.715
6. Cyclone wire sliding door 0.715
Windows
1. Fixed glass on steel frame 0.286
2. Fixed G. I. Louver 0.429
Fixed asbestos louver 0.429
4. Metal louver 0.286
Ceiling ( including framing )
1. 1/5" thk plywood 0.171
2. Acoustic tile with plywood backing 0.286
3. Concealed acoustic with aluminum T - runner 0.286
4. 3/16" thk asbestos cutting 0.171
Structural steel
1. Light structural steel framing 168.000
2. Heavy structural steel framing 164.000
Miscellaneous metal
1. Stair, stringer, handrail, tread & grating 102.000
Asbestos pipe
1. ½" ø 20
2. ¾" ø 20
3. 1" ø to 1¼" ø 22.5
4. 1½" ø to 2" ø 25
5. 2½" ø 30
27. ESTIMATE MANUAL
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Excavation of cross & clampshell w/ 8 Laborers, 2 opertaors 4.400
CHB zoccalo wall 2.400
Gravel fill 3.870
Slab on fill concrete 1.000
Wood post 70.000
2nd floor wood post 75.000
T & G wood flooring 112.000
Plywood partition 80.000
Ceiling finishing 44.000
Ceiling plywood 60.000
Siding framing 60.000
L - cut sidings 112.000
roof wood framing 33.000
G. I. Gutter installation 58.000
G. I. Roofing 105.000
G. I. Gutter cut and shape 50 l.
Downspout cut and shape 27.000
Downspout installation 60.000
Vitrified floor tiles 1.500
Installation of base plate 45.000
Installation of steel roll up door 15.000
Installation of steel sliding door 10.000
Placing metal nosing 3.000
Installation of asbestos roofing 8.000
Installation of aluminum or G. I. Roofing 10.000
Roof deck copper cladding 52.000
K & O proofing 29.000
Fabrication of G. I. Gutter 2.300
Cross fabrication 46.000
Cross installation 40.000
Post 60 - 90
Girts 50 - 75
Plates 90 - 120
Fascia board 25 - 55
Tracing 30 - 60
Boarding 40 - 80
Plywood sheating 75 - 150
Cabinet door 40 - 80
28. ESTIMATE MANUAL
28 of 47
Doors & windows
Placing wooden door 30.000
Installation of sash glass 75.000
Placing steel windows 18.000
Placing wooden panel door 22.000
Placing wooden flush door 28.000
Installation of door lockset 5.000
Installation of flush bolt 2.000
Installation of astragal 80.000
Vitrified wall tiles 1.340
Painting 200 - 300
Floor hardener 45.000
Copper water stop - cut and shape 60.000
Copper water stop - cut installation 38.000
Installation of sliding door 10.000
LABOR CAPABILITIES PER HOUR
Clearing and grubbing - manual
Clearing undergrowth and trees 12" ø 20.000
Clearing undergrowth and shrubs 40.000
Excavation - manual
Coomon earth 0.130
Loam or sand 0.760
Clay or heavy soil 0.610
Rock 0.380
Trizzing depth and large common 0.150
Excavation - mechanical
Common earth 15.000
Rock with jack hammer 0.060
Backfilling
Common - mahual 1.220
Common backfill - manual 0.200
Compacted - crushed stone - mechanical 8.000
Compacted - common - manual 0.300
Compacted - common - mechanical 30.000
Spreading, tempering & grading 2.090
Trenching & backfill underground piping
Placing binders - gravel uncompacted 9.460
29. ESTIMATE MANUAL
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Trenching & backfill underground piping
using excavated material - manual
from 0 - 2 m deep 0.060
2 - 3 m deep 0.040
3 - 4 m deep 0.030
4 - 5 m deep 0.020
Back trenching with jack hammer 0.070
Trenching & backfill underground piping
using excavated material - mechanical with backhoe
from 0 - 2 m deep 0.800
2 - 3 m deep 0.600
3 - 4 m deep 0.400
4 - 5 m deep 0.300
Placing concrete
Slab on fill 0.200
Slip form 0.040
Floor finish - unhardened 1.000
Concrete finish - hardened 0.700
Installation of pre - moulded expansion joint 1.000
Installation of water stop 1.500
Caulking of slab joint 5.000
Walls, beams, columns 1.300
Slab 1.700
Asphalting 1.250
Masonry work
4" CHB laying 1.250
6" CHB laying 1.250
8" CHB laying 1.250
Coating & tool finish plaster 0.600
Plain cement plastering finish - synthetic & pebbles 0.700
Marble slab installation 0.500
¼" x 2" x 8" red bricks 0.200
Ceramic glazed tiles 0.190
Unglazed tiles 0.230
Formwokrs installation
Nails on ground 1.000
Nails above 10' 0.850
Boxes 0.650
30. ESTIMATE MANUAL
30 of 47
Columns 0.850
Suspended slabs
4" - 18" 1.200
18" - 36" 0.800
36" - up 0.600
Formwork fabrication 1.860
Stripping of formwork
Nail on ground 8.000
Nails above 10' 1.550
Boxes 1.950
Columns 2.350
Suspended slabs
0 - 18" 3.600
18" - 36" 2.400
36" - up 1.850
General stripping 4.080
Reinforcing bars
Fabrication & installation 10.000
Metal work
Structural steel 10.000
Miscellaneous metal
Fabricstion of anchor bolt 10.000
Installation of anchor bolt 3.000
Fabrication of embedded item 7.000
Laying of RCP - 8 men one team
24" ø 16 pcs 2.000
36" ø 10 pcs 1.250
48" ø 6 pcs 0.750
Underground drainage piping laying
6" ø concrete pipe 0.400
12" ø concrete pipe 0.250
15" ø concrete pipe 0.230
18" ø concrete pipe 0.220
30" ø concrete pipe 0.120
Carpentry works
Plywood partition 0.930
Plywood ceiling 0.700
T&G flooring & siding 14.000
31. ESTIMATE MANUAL
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Ceiling framing 5.500
Siding framing 7.500
Roof framing 4.130
Floor framing 9.380
Wood post 8.750
Truss fabrication 5.750
Truss erection 5.000
Girts 9.380
Plates 15.000
Purlins 7.500
Fascia board 4.380
Cabinets
Framing 7.500
boarding 10.000
Plywood sheeting 1.740
door 0.930
Painting works
Anay paint 3.480
Varnishing 2.320
Metal works
G. I. roofing 1.220
G. I. gutter cut & shape 6.250
G. I. gutter installation 2.250
Downspout cut & shape 3.380
Downspout installation 7.500
Backfilling & waterproofing 2.250
Painting structural steel framing 20.000
FLAT BAR IN KILOS
Thickness Width Length
1/8" ( 3 mm ) 1" 20' 3.870
2" 7.730
3" 11.600
4" 15.460
5" 19.330
6" 23.200
¼" ( 6 mm ) 1" 20' 7.730
2" 15.460
W
33. ESTIMATE MANUAL
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5" 58.000
6" 69.600
5/8" ( 15 mm ) 1" 20' 19.330
2" 38.660
3" 58.000
4" 77.330
5" 96.660
6" 116.000
7/8" ( 22 mm ) 1" 20' 27.060
2" 54.140
3" 81.200
4" 108.270
5" 135.330
6" 162.400
½" ( 12 mm ) 1" 20' 15.460
2" 30.930
3" 46.400
4" 61.860
5" 77.330
6" 92.800
FORMULA : to obtain kilo of flat bar, sample : ½" x 8" x 20'
'1 x 8 x 20 x 490
2 x 12 '12 = 123.73 kilos
'2.20
Note : 490 is a factor for pounds as to obtain kilo, divide then sum by 2.20 & the answ
kilo.
WEIGHT OF BOLTS IN KILOS
Lgth (in)
1" ½" 3/8" ¾" 7/8" 1" 1 - 1/8"
2" 0.144 0.245 0.363 0.524 0.723 0.978
3" 0.169 0.285 0.421 0.601 0.824 1.106
6" 0.194 0.324 0.478 0.678 0.916 1.233
7" 0.219 0.364 0.535 0.755 1.027 1.361
8" 0.245 0.403 0.593 0.852 1.129 1.489
9" 0.270 0.443 0.649 0.509 1.250 1.617
Dinmension
34. ESTIMATE MANUAL
34 of 47
10" 0.295 0.482 0.706 0.986 1.351 1.744
11" 0.300 0.522 0.765 1.063 1.455 1.872
12" 0.346 0.561 0.820 1.140 1.534 2.000
13" 0.37 0.601 0.877 1.217 1.636 2.127
14" 0.40 0.640 0.934 1.294 1.737 2.255
INCHES TO MILLIMETER CONVERSION TABLE
1/16" = 2 mm 1/8" =
3/16" = 5 mm ¼" =
6/16" = 6 mm 3/8" =
7/16" = 11 mm ½" =
9/16" = 14 mm 5/8" =
11/16" = 17 mm ¾" =
13/16" = 21 mm 7/8" =
15/16" = 24 mm 1' =
2" = 50 mm 3" =
4" = 100 mm 5" =
6" = 150 mm 7" =
8" = 200 mm 9" =
10" = 250 mm 13" =
12" = 300 mm
BOLTS REQUIRED FOR TRUSSES
8 pcs ¼" ø bolts per splice
2 pcs ½" ø bolts per end joint
5 pcs ½" ø blots per ton joint
1 pc ½" ø blots per intermediate o. c.
2 pcs ½" ø blots per intermediate at top chord
TABLE OF VALUES FOR STRENGTH OF CONCRETE
( USING NORMAL PORTLAND CEMENT )
IN PERCENTAGE OF 28 DAYS STRENGTH
%'age of 28 %'age of 28
Days Day strength Days Day strength
1 17.1 30 100.9 59
2 34.3 31 101.6 60
3 44.4 32 102.4 61
Days
37. ESTIMATE MANUAL
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32 mm ( # 10 ) 1 ¼" ø 6.313
6.00 37.878 kgs
7.50 47.348 kgs
9.00 56.817 kgs
10.50 66.287 kgs
12.00 75.756 kgs
36 mm ( # 11 ) 1 3/8" ø
6.00 47.946 kgs
7.50 59.933 kgs
9.00 71.919 kgs
10.50 83.906 kgs
12.00 95.892 kgs
THE WIRE FORMULA
For : # 16 tie wire
total rebar kgs. = Total wire ( roll ) x 45 = in kilo
'3,000
For : # 12 tie wire
total fromwork ( sq. m. ) = Total wire ( roll )
'2,000
DECORS
kgs. / ft.
150 x 50 x 2.30 mm 1.52
150 x 50 x 3.20 mm 2.06
100 x 75 x 3.20 mm 2.856
CHANNELS
kgs. / ft.
3/4.4 1.364
4/5.4 2.500
5/6.7 3.145
6/3.2 5.721
7/12.25 5.570
10/15.50 6.955
ANGLES
kgs. / ft.
7
38. ESTIMATE MANUAL
38 of 47
1" x 1" x 1/8" 0.364
1" x 1" x 3/16" 0.530
1" x 1" x ¼" 0.680
1¼" x 1¼" x ¼" 0.870
1¼" x 1¼" x 3/16" 0.670
1¼" x 1¼" x 1" 0.460
1½" x 1½" x ¼" 1.060
1½" x 1½" x 3/16" 0.820
1½" x 1½" x 1/8" 0.560
1¾" x 1¾" x ¼" 1.260
1¾" x 1¾" x 3/16" 0.960
1¾" x 1¾" x 1/8" 0.150
2" x 2" x 3/8" 2.140
2" x 2" x 5/16" 1.780
2" x 2" x ¼" 1.460
2" x 2" x 3/16" 1.110
2" x 2" x 1/8" 0.750
2½" x 2½" x ½" 3.500
2½" x 2½" x 3/8" 2.680
2½" x 2½" x 5/16" 2.270
2½" x 2½" x ¼" 1.865
2½" x 2½" x 3/16" 1.400
UNEQUAL ANGLES
kgs. / ft.
1¾" x 1¼" x ¼" 1.060
1¾" x 1¼" x 3/16" 0.820
1¾" x 1¼" x 1/8" 0.560
2" x 1¼" x ¼" 1.160
2" x 1¼" x 3/16" 0.890
2" x 1½" x ¼" 1.280
2" x 1½" x 3/16" 0.960
2" x 1½" x 1/8" 0.650
2" x 1½" x 5/16" 1.780
2" x 1½" x ¼" 1.450
2¼" x 1½" x 3/16" 1.110
2¼" x 2" x 3/8" 2.410
2¼" x 2" x 5/16" 2.050
39. ESTIMATE MANUAL
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2¼" x 2" x ¼" 1.650
2¼" x 2" x 3/16" 1.250
3" x 2½" x ½" 3.860
3" x 2½" x 7/16" 3.850
3" x 2½" x 3/8" 3.000
3" x 2½" x 5/16" 2.550
3" x 2½" x ¼" 2.050
3½" x 2½" x ½" 4.270
3½" x 2½" x 7/16" 3.770
3½" x 2½" x 3/8" 3.220
3½" x 2½" x 5/16" 2.770
3½" x 2½" x ¼" 2.227
3" x 2" x 1/20" 3.500
3" x 2" x 7/16" 3.100
3" x 2" x 3/8" 2.680
3" x 2" x 5/16" 2.270
3" x 2" x ¼" 1.860
CARPENTRY WORKS
Type of work Material
Columns form lumber
Batterboard form lumber
Pedestal form lumber
Beam form lumber
Concrete wall form lumber
Slab form lumber
Scaffolding form lumber
Curb & gutter form lumber
Coneslab form lumber
Sill & lintel good lumber
Baseboard good lumber
Flooring 1" x 3" T&G
1" x 4" T&G
1" x 6" T&G
1" x 8" T&G
Sidings 1" x 3" S - cut
1" x 4" S - cut
1" x 6" S - cut 7.87
20.00
11.77
7.87
5.34
13.16
18.0 bd
1.0 bd
1.25 bd
16.66
19.0 bd
25.0 bd
8.50 bd
36.0 bd
33 bd
6.50 bd
9.0 bd
34.0 bd
Cover
40. ESTIMATE MANUAL
40 of 47
1" x 8" S - cut
CEILING PARTITION & FORM WORK
Total area ( sq. m. ) = pcs of board 4' x 8'
2.88
Total area ( sq. m. ) = pcs of board 3' x 6'
1.87
LIGHT & HEAVY EQUIPMENTS CAPABILITY TABLE
Item Type of work Ca
Dozer clearing & grubbing 180.00
clearing 500.00
stripping 200.00
excavating 25.00
quarrying 50.00
pushing 3.00
Grader sub-grading 300.00
spreading 50.00
Payloader loading 50.00
Crane shovel loading 50.00
Shift roller static rolling (12 passes· 15 cm. lift) 45.00
vibratory rolling (4 passes·15 cm lift) 135.00
3W roller static rolling (6 passes· 20 cm. lift) 34.00
Tractor drwn roller (1-D ) vibratory rolling (6 passes·2 m lift) 240.00
Tanden roller static rolling (6 passes· 20 cm. lift) 24.00
vibratory rolling 72.00
(6 passes·60 cm. lift)
5-T dump truck hauling common borrow 3.50
hauling SBBC 3.00
hauling concrete batch class A 3.00
214 -T dump truck hauling common borrow 2.50
hauling SBBC 2.00
hauling concrete batch class A 2.00
Buggles hauling concrete mix 6.00
Wheel borrow hauling aggregates 2.50
hauling concrete mix 1.75
Water truck watering 1000.00
Asphalt dist spraying asphalt prime coat 300.00
5.95
42. ESTIMATE MANUAL
42 of 47
Grader towed type 300 cu.yd.
Shovel at dragline 2 - cu.yd. 125 cu.yd.
200 cu.yd.
3. EXCAVATION
Equipment Unit Condit
Tractor 70 to 90 dbhp with single dozer 130.0 cu.yd. 50 ft. lev
80 cu.yd. 100 ft. lev
50 cu.yd. 200 ft. lev
Scraper Towed 8 cu.yd. With single dozer 95.0 cu.yd. 500 ft. lev
80 cu.yd. 600 ft. lev
60 cu.yd. 800 ft. lev
Motorized scraper 12 cu.yd. With tractor 87.93 cu.m.
70 to 90 dbhp 115 cu.yd. 80 ft. lev
Pusher 68.81 cu.m. 90 cu.yd. 1000 ft. lev
57.30 cu.m. 75 cu.yd. 2000 ft. lev
34.41 cu.m.
Shovel or dragline ¾ cu.m. 45 cu.yd.
57.35 cu.m. 75 cu.yd.
Shovel or dragline 2 cu.yd. 125 cu.yd. hard dig
152.92 cu.m. 200 cu.yd.
4. EMBANKMENT
Equipment Unit Condit
Tractor 70 to 90 dghp with single dozer 300 cu.yd. s
229.38 cu.m.
Rolller, sheepsfoot 2 drum 250 cu.yd.
191.15 cu.m.
In - line, towed by tractor 200 cu.yd.
43. ESTIMATE MANUAL
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152.92 cu.m.
70 to 90 dbhp 150 cu.yd.
114.69 cu.m.
Pump, troiler, med., water distributor 350cpm mo
Towed type grader 400 sq.yd.
Motorized grader 400 sq.yd.
Roller, sheepsfoot 2 drum in-line towed 650 sq.yd. 60
by tractor
70 to 90 dbhp 540 sq.yd. 60
450 sq.yd. 60
Roller, road, tandem 5 to 8 tons 1,000 sq.yd.
Rubberized roller with tractor 30 dbhp 3,000 sq.yd.
Rotary tiller, tractor 30 dbhp 1,750 sq.yd. 6
Pump trailer, mounted water distributor 350 gpm mo
5. BASE COURSE CONSTRUCTION
Equipment Unit Condit
Tractor, 70 to 90 dbhp, with single 300 cu.yd.
dozer, 229.38 cu.m.
Motorized grader 152.92 cu.m. 200 cu.yd.
Motorized grader 344.07 cu.m. 450 cu.yd.
Roller road, tandem 5 to 8 tons 300 cu.yd. c
Rubber type tractor roller 30 dbhp 1500 cu.yd. co
Roller road, tandem 5 to 8 tons 75 cu.yd. com
Trailer mounted pump, water distributor 350 gpm moi
6. SURFACE TREATMENT
Equipment Unit Condit
Tractor sweeper 30 dbhp 2,500 sq. yd. sweepi
2,500 sq. yd. 0.10
Trailer mounted distributor 1,250 sq.yd. 0.10
44. ESTIMATE MANUAL
44 of 47
Concrete spreader 20 to 25 ft. 200 l.ft. capacity
Aggregate spreader, traction powered 5,000 sq.yd. spreading
Roller, road tnadem 5 to 8 tons 3,000 sq.yd. rolling
Rubber-tired tractor roller 30dbhp 3,000 sq.yd. rolling
Trailer mounted distributor 1,250 sq.yd. 0.20
Motorized grader 150 sq.yd. mix
bitu
Rotary tiller tractor 30dbhp 100 cu.yd. mixing
Travel -plant asphalt mixer 120 tons mixed
Roller, road tandem 6 to 8 tons 1,500 sq.yd. rolling p
Rubber-tired tractor roller 3,000 sq.yd. rolling p
Concrete mixer 14 cu.ft. 20 cu.yd 1 batch
10 cu.yd 1 batch
34 cu.ft. 40 cu.yd 1 batc
Asphalt finisher 12 ft. 100 ton ft. finishin
Concrete finisher 20 to 25 ft. 200 l.ft. capacity
7. AGGREGATE PRODUCTION
Equipment Rate & unit/hour Unit Condit
Crusher 2 units 25 tons / hr 15 tons 1" sc
20 tons 1½" sc
30 tons 1½" sc
crusher 9 units 150 tons / hr 60 tons 1" ag
100 tons 1½" ag
240 tons 3" ag
Compressor 105 cfm 105 cfm
90 cfm 5,000 f
Drill, rock 350 lbs. class 20 l.ft. 1¾" ho
require
45. ESTIMATE MANUAL
45 of 47
45 lbs. class 30 l.ft. 1¾" ho
require
Bucket type leader type 150 cu.yd.
Roller sheepsfoot 250 cu.yd. / hr 9" loo
( 2 drums in line ) 200 cu.yd. / hr 9" loose
150 cu.yd. / hr 9" loose
8. SUBGRADE PREPARATION
Equipment Rate & unit/hour Unit Condit
Grader - scarify & shape 334.40 sq.m. / hr 2.60 days
3.20 days
Road roller 5 - 8 tons 83.16 sq.m. / hr 100 sq.yd. 7-9 surf
1.10 days
9. BASE COURSE CONSTRUCTION ( 10 cm thick )
Equipment Rate & unit/hour Unit Condit
Grader - spreading of 153 cu.m. / hr ½ day
materials
Grader - shoving of 376 sq.m. / hr 2.0 days
surface
Raod roller 5 - 8 tons
connecting gravel 250 sq.m. / hr 3.0 days
connecting ma- 57.0 cu.m. / hr 1.0 days
cadam (0.60 thk)
cu.ft. x 0.02832 = cu.m.
cu.yd. x 0.7646 = cu.m.
10. CAPABILITIES OF MANUAL LABOR
Unit
1 man excavating loam or sand 0.76
exacavating clay or heavy soil 0.61
excavating rock 0.38
backfilling 1.22
spreading, tamping & grading 2.09
Type of work Cap
46. ESTIMATE MANUAL
46 of 47
Placing ascombre fill 4.78
placing binders 9.46
clearing undergrowth & tree 12" ø 20.00
clearing undergrowth & small bush 40.00
team ( 8 men ) laying of 24" ø rcp
laying of 36" ø rcp
laying of 48" ø rcp
TABLE - I : POL - CONSUMPTION OF ORDINANCE
EQUIPMENTS
Fuel OE30 GO90
type of fuel ( 9 liters ) ( gal ) ( gal )
Utility truck ¼ T, 4' x 4' gasoline 0.14 0.0012 -
Truck, ¾ T, 4' x 4' gasoline 0.28 0.0012 -
Truck, 11/T, 4' x 4' gasoline 0.33 0.0025 -
Truck, 11/T, 6' x 6' gasoline 0.33 0.0025 -
Truck, 22/T, 6' x 6' gasoline 0.43 0.0025 -
Trk, wrecker, 4 T, 6' x 6' gasoline 0.80 0.0037 -
Dump truck , 5 T gasoline 0.95 0.0162 0.0100
Truck, 5 T, 6' x 6' gasoline 0.80 0.0050 -
Truck, medium wrecker, gasoline 0.90 0.0050 -
5 T, 6' x 6'
Primemover truck, 6 T gasoline 1.08 0.0062 -
Primemover truck, 7 T gasoline 0.95 0.0062 -
Tractor truck, 5 - 6 T gasoline 0.80 0.0150 -
( 10 ) semi trailer
Truck crane gasoline 1.61 0.0030 -
Tractor truck, 12 T gasoline 2.37 0.0112 0.0037
TABLE - II : POL - CONSUMPTION OF ENGINEERING
EQUIPMENTS
Fuel OE30 GO90
type of fuel ( 9 liters ) ( gal ) ( gal )
Earthe auger gasoline 10.00 0.03 0.03
Air compressor, 15 cfm gasoline 2.30 0.02 -
Air compressor, 210 cfm gasoline 20.00 0.04 0.03
Air compressor, 312 cfm diesel 15.00 0.01 -
Crane, ¾ cu.yd. gasoline 15.00 0.06 0.03
Item
Item
51. ESTIMATE MANUAL
51 of 47
cu.m.
cu.m.
cu.m.
sq.m.
cu.m.
cu.m.
li.
sq.m.
cu.m.
li.
sq.m.
m.
cu.m.
k.m.
m.
no.
no.
no.
m.
sq.m.
no.
no.
no.
52. ESTIMATE MANUAL
52 of 47
no.
no.
hrs.
m.
md
m.
cu.m.
no.
md
no.
k.m.
m.
m.
md
md
md
proj.
cu.m.
md
53. ESTIMATE MANUAL
53 of 47
md
md
cd
cd
hectare
no.
cu.m.
l.s.
l.s.
cu.m.
cu.m.
cu.m.
cu.m.
l.s.
cu.m.
cu.m.
cu.m.
per hr.
1,000 li. / unit
l.s.
k.m.
k.m.
cu.m.
cu.m.
sq.m.
m or cu.m.
Measurement
54. ESTIMATE MANUAL
54 of 47
net direct pay't
m.
m.
m.
m or cu.m.
m.
m or cu.m.
m or cu.m.
m or cu.m.
m or cu.m.
m.
m.
m or cu.m.
m.
m or cu.m.
n.d.p.
sq.m.
cu.m.
qty of struc. stl
as unit
l.m. of piles
l.m. along C.L.
cu.m.
kg.
kg.
l.m.
bd.ft.
cu.m.
55. ESTIMATE MANUAL
55 of 47
cu.m.
cu.m.
l.m.
sq.m.
sq.m.
l.m. or l.f.
no.
l.m.
l.m.
l.m.
area by
ided by
n allo-
e multi-
ge to li-
If keg
btain
Wire
the
58. ESTIMATE MANUAL
58 of 47
oncrete.
a x 0.03
rea x 6
for cross
of
/ Mt. Bt.
12
18
24
30
36
Sand
0.13
0.19
0.26
, one end
one side
e, one end
59. ESTIMATE MANUAL
59 of 47
0.39
0.49
0.59
0.79
0.99
1.19
1.38
1.58
.
imate
Vol. / m.
0.03
0.05
0.07
as win-
B
r 8"
total
60. ESTIMATE MANUAL
60 of 47
btain
ags of
ures.
area
x 16" :
=
ness
0 parts
part water.
g com-
f rough
f storey
61. ESTIMATE MANUAL
61 of 47
ls is
= kls.
ersion
by the
corres-
tal bd.ft.
9.84,
38.
os of 3"
m. for
or 1" x
½" fini-
G,
. nails.
62. ESTIMATE MANUAL
62 of 47
of ply-
1" fini-
by 2.88.
2" x 3"
1" x 5"
ing nails.
0 lawa-
unners.
in pcs :
2.73 for
63. ESTIMATE MANUAL
63 of 47
afters
be used.
no. of
wn in the
ea x
6" lumber.
" x 5",
sum of
" then
Decimal %
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.11
0.14
0.18
0.21
0.23
TRICAL
64. ESTIMATE MANUAL
64 of 47
0.27
: pcs
of atrap,
y factor
pper ri-
: no.
sq.m.
sq.m.
sq.m.
sq.m.
sq.m.
sq.m.
sq.m.
sq.m.
sq.m.
sq.m.
sq.m.
sq.m.
sq.m.
sq.m.
pcs / kilo
pcs / kilo
pcs / kilo
pcs / kilo
pcs / kilo
verage
verage
72. ESTIMATE MANUAL
72 of 47
mh /sq.m
mh /sq.m
mh /sq.m
mh /sq.m
mh /sq.m
mh /sq.m
mh /sq.m
mh /sq.m
mh /sq.ft
mh /sq.ft
mh /sq.ft
mh /sq.ft
mh /sq.ft
mh /sq.ft
mh /sq.ft
mh /sq.ft
mh /sq.ft
mh /sq.ft
mh /sq.ft
mh /sq.ft
mh /sq.ft
mh /sq.ft
mh / m
mh / m
mh / m
mh / l. ft. of 100
mh / l. ft. of 100
mh / l. ft. of 100
mh / l. ft. of 100
mh / l. ft. of 100
73. ESTIMATE MANUAL
73 of 47
mh / l. ft. of 100
mh / l. ft. of 100
mh / l. ft. of 100
6.80 mh / 100 l. ft.
0.20 mh / 100 l. ft.
0.30 mh / 100 l. ft.
0.40 mh / 100 l. ft.
0.40 mh / 100 l. ft.
7.30 mh / 100 l. ft.
7.40 mh / 100 l. ft.
7.50 mh / 100 l. ft.
7.60 mh / 100 l. ft.
01.0 mh / 100 l. ft.
1.20 mh / 100 l. ft.
6.30 mh / 100 l. ft.
0.22 mh / 100 l. ft.
2.50 mh / 100 l. ft.
5.00 mh / 100 l. ft.
30.0 mh / 100 l. ft.
33.0 mh / 100 l. ft.
35.0 mh / 100 l. ft.
40.0 mh / 100 l. ft.
50.0 mh / 100 l. ft.
75.0 mh / 100 l. ft.
cu.m./ md
cu.m./ md
cu.m./ md
cu.m./ md
kgs / md
cu.m./ md
cu.m./ md
kgs / md
cu.m./ md
80. ESTIMATE MANUAL
80 of 47
kgs
kgs
kgs
kgs
kgs
kgs
kgs
kgs
kgs
kgs
kgs
kgs
kgs
kgs
kgs
kgs
kgs
kgs
kgs
kgs
wer is in
1 - ¼"
1.260
1.448
1.576
1.735
1.893
2.051
81. ESTIMATE MANUAL
81 of 47
2.209
2.367
2.526
2.684
2.042
3 mm
6 mm
10 mm
12-13 mm
16 mm
19-20 mm
22 mm
25 mm
75 mm
125 mm
175 mm
225 mm
325 mm
%age of 28
Day strgth
110.20
110.30
110.40
88. ESTIMATE MANUAL
88 of 47
180 sq.m./ hr.
180 sq.m./ hr.
180 sq.m./ hr.
180 sq.m./ hr.
cu.m./trip
cu.m./trip
tion
light clearing
medium clearing
heavy clearing
medium clearing
pulling disk
g weeds & grasses
light stripping
tion
sandy soil
common earth
hard / frozen earth
sandy soil
common earth
hard digging
basing digging
"V" ditches
sandy soil
"V" ditches
89. ESTIMATE MANUAL
89 of 47
common earth
common earth
hard digging
easy digging
tion
vel haul, common
earth
vel haul, common
earth
vel haul, common
earth
vel haul, common
earth
vel haul, common
earth
vel haul, common
earth
vel haul, common
earth
vel haul, common
earth
vel haul, common
earth
hard digging
easy digging
gging 95.58 cu.m.
easy digging
tion
spreading material
9" loose layers
8 passes
9" loose layers
91. ESTIMATE MANUAL
91 of 47
y depnds on payer
coned aggregates
aggregate 3 mph
3 passes
aggregate 5 mph
5 passes
0 gal / sq.yd. 24 ft.
spray
xed in place, 2 in
uminous materials
g bituminous mat'l
in place by travel
plant
pavement, 3 mph
6 passes
pavement, 5 mph
5 passes
h every 3 minutes
h every 3 minutes
ch every 1.75 min
ng plant mix mat'l
depends on payer
tion
creened aggregate
creened aggregate
creened aggregate
ggregate screened
mashed
ggregate screened
mashed
ggregate screened
mashed
at sea level
ft. above sea level
ole mix 16 ft. deep
es 40 to 60 cfm of
92. ESTIMATE MANUAL
92 of 47
air
ole mix 16 ft. deep
es 70 to 90 cfm of
air
from stock pile
se layer, 8 passes
e layer, 10 passes
e layer, 12 passes
tion
7.0 surface / k.m.
9.0 surface / k.m.
face / k.m, 3 mph
6 passes
tion
1.0 day
3.0 days
3.70 days
cu.m. / hr
cu.m. / hr
cu.m. / hr
cu.m. / hr
sq.m. / hr
pability
