This document provides an overview of vitamin B12, including its basics, sources, absorption, health benefits, deficiency, and treatment. Vitamin B12, also known as cobalamin, plays important roles in producing red blood cells, maintaining nerve health, and providing energy. Good dietary sources include animal products and fortified foods, while supplements can also be used. Absorption is complex and can be affected by age and digestive disorders. Benefits of B12 include maintaining energy levels, cognitive function, and nerve health. Deficiency can cause anemia and neurological symptoms, with risk groups including the elderly and vegetarians. Treatment involves oral supplements or intramuscular injections depending on deficiency severity.

1. EXPLORING
VITAMIN B12
Rama Obeido

2. Introduction
Vitamin B12 Basics
Sources of vitamin B12
Absorption and Digestion
Health benefits of Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 deficiency
Treatment
1
2
4
3
5
OUTLINE
6
7

3. INTRODUCTION
WATER SOLUBLE
ROLES:
PRODUCTION OF RED BLOOD CELLS
NERVE FUNCTION
ENERGY METABOLISM
COGNITIVE HEALTH

4. VITAMIN B12
BASICS
•Known as cobalamin
•Molecular Weight: 1355.4 g/mol
•Structure: cyanocobalamin,
hydroxylcobalamin, adinocylcobalamin,
methylcobalamin.
•Physical Description: Dark red odorless
solid; Hygroscopic
•Functions:
•production of red blood cells
•maintaining the health of our nervous system

5. STRUCTURES
OF VITAMIN
B12
cyanocobalamin VS
Hydroxocobalamin

6. STRUCTURES OF VITAMIN B12
Methylcobalamin
Adenosylcopalamin

7. SOURCES OF VITAMIN B12
NATURAL DIETARY SOURCES
•Animal products (meat, fish, dairy,
eggs)
•FORTIFIED FOODS
•Cereals, plant-based milk
alternatives.
SUPPLEMENTATION
•oral supplements
•intramuscular injections

8. ABSORPTION AND DIGESTION
•GASTROINTESTINAL
ABSORPTION
•COMPLEX
ABSORPTION PROCESS
•FACTORS AFFECTING
ABSORPTION EFFICIENCY
• •Age
• •Digestive disorders
• •Medications

9. •Maintain energy levels and
fatigue
1
•Cognitive function and
memory
2
•Nerve health and Prevention
of neurological disorders
3
HEALTH BENEFITS OF VITAMIN B12

10. VITAMIN
B12
DEFICIENCY
•Symptoms and signs of deficiency:
• anemia
• fatigue
• tingling sensations
• Risk groups:
• elderly
• vegetarians/vegans
• individuals with
gastrointestinal disorders
•Long-term consequences of
untreated deficiency
•Untreated and prolonged
deficiencies

11. TREATMENT AND
MANAGEMENT
B12 supplementation options:
• oral
• intramuscular injections
Dosing recommendations based on
the severity of deficiency
Monitoring and follow-up
considerations