Introduction to Artificial Intelligence and Data Science

1. 1.Introduction:
What is Artificial Intelligence?
Artificial Intelligence is a method of making a computer
A computer controlled robot
A software think intelligently like the human mind.
Artificial Intelligence is accomplished by studying the
patterns of the human brain and by analyzing the cognitive
process.

2. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been a game changer in recent
years, transforming the way we live, work, and interact with the
world.
• It is a kind of technology with the promise of transforming the
way the world works.
• This is a never-before-seen scale of economic impact; it impacts
every industry and aspect of our lives.
• Artificial Intelligence means different things to different people.

3. A Brief History of Artificial Intelligence
• Here’s a brief timeline of the past six decades of how AI evolved
from its inception.
• 1956 - John McCarthy coined the term ‘artificial intelligence’ and
had the first AI conference.
• 1969 - Shakey was the first general-purpose mobile robot built. It is
now able to do things with a purpose vs. just a list of instructions.
• 1956 - John McCarthy coined the term ‘artificial intelligence’ and
had the first AI conference.
• 1969 - Shakey was the first general-purpose mobile robot built. It is
now able to do things with a purpose vs. just a list of instructions.

4. A Brief History of Artificial Intelligence
 1997 - Supercomputer ‘Deep Blue’ was designed, and it defeated the world champion
chess player in a match. It was a massive milestone by IBM to create this large
computer.
 2002 - The first commercially successful robotic vacuum cleaner was created.
 2005 - 2019 - Today, we have speech recognition, robotic process automation (RPA), a
dancing robot, smart homes, and other innovations make their debut.
 2020 - Baidu releases the Linear Fold AI algorithm to medical and scientific and
medical teams developing a vaccine during the early stages of the SARS-CoV-2
(COVID-19) pandemic.
 The algorithm can predict the RNA sequence of the virus in only 27 seconds, which is
120 times faster than other methods.

5. Types of Artificial Intelligence
1.Purely Reactive
• These machines do not have any memory or data to work with, specializing in just
one field of work.
• For example, in a chess game, the machine observes the moves and makes the best
possible decision to win.
2. Limited Memory
• These machines collect previous data and continue adding it to their memory.
• They have enough memory or experience to make proper decisions, but memory is
minimal.
• For example, this machine can suggest a restaurant based on the location data that
has been gathered.

6. Types of Artificial Intelligence
3.Theory of Mind
• This kind of AI can understand thoughts and emotions, as well as
interact socially.
• However, a machine based on this type is yet to be built.
4. Self-Aware
• Self-aware machines are the future generation of these new
technologies. They will be intelligent, sentient, and conscious.

7. AI and its Technologies

8. 2.Impact of Artificial Intelligence
1.Increased efficiency and productivity
 AI-powered systems can perform tasks much faster and more accurately
than humans, leading to increased efficiency and productivity in a range of
industries, including manufacturing, healthcare, and finance.
2.Job creation and displacement
 AI has the potential to create new job opportunities, such as data scientists
and AI engineers, but it also has the potential to displace certain jobs, such
as call centre operators and data entry clerks.

9. Impact of Artificial Intelligence
3.Improved decision-making
 AI algorithms can process large amounts of data and provide insights that
can inform more accurate and effective decision-making in various fields,
such as healthcare, finance, and marketing.
4.Enhanced personalization and customization
 AI-powered systems can analyse data on an individual’s preferences,
behaviours, and demographics to provide personalized recommendations,
such as product suggestions and music playlists.

10. Impact of Artificial Intelligence
5.Videogame designer
 For a videogame designer, AI means writing the code that affects how bots play, and
the way the environment reacts to the player.
6.Screenwriter
 For a screenwriter, AI means a character that acts like a human, with some of computer
features mixed in.
7.Data Scientist
For a scientist, AI may be a way of exploring and classifying data to satisfy specific
goals.
AI algorithms that learn by example are the factor we can chat with Watson, Alexa, Siri,
Cortana, and Google Assistant, and that they can talk back to us.

11. 3.Examples of Artificial Intelligence
1.Chatbots:
 Chatbots which are powered by NLP capabilities, are getting used in healthcare to
question patients and run basic diagnoses like real doctors.
 In education, they’re providing students with easy to find out conversational interfaces
and on-demand online tutors.
 Customer experience are improving by resolving queries on the spot and freeing up
agent’s time for conversations that add value with the help of Customer service
chatbots.

12. Examples of Artificial Intelligence
2.Medicine:
 Within the field of drugs, it’s helping patients with Lou Gehrig’s disease,
for instance, to regain their real voice instead of a computerized voice.
3.Object recognition:
 It’s thanks to advances in AI that the sector of computer vision has been ready to
surpass humans in tasks associated with detecting and labelling objects.
 Computer vision helps in identifying objects that’s why cars can steer their way on
roads and highways and avoid hitting obstacles.

13. Examples of Artificial Intelligence
4.Facial Recognition:
 Computer vision algorithms detect faces of people and pictures and compare them with
databases of face profiles.
 This is what allows consumer devices to authenticate the identities of their owners
through face recognition, social media apps to detect and tag users, and enforcement
agencies to identify criminals in video feeds.
5.Automation:
 Computer vision algorithms are helping automate tasks.
 It plays a crucial role in detecting cancerous moles in skin images or finding symptoms
in x-ray and MRI scan.

14. Examples of Artificial Intelligence
Healthcare:
 AI is impacting healthcare in significant ways, by helping doctors reach more accurate
preliminary diagnoses, reading medical imaging, finding appropriate clinical trials for
patients.
 It is not just affecting patient outcomes but also making operational processes less
costly.
Finance:
 AI is being used to detect fraud, automate financial reporting, and provide personalized
investment advice based on an individual’s financial goals and risk tolerance.

15. Examples of Artificial Intelligence
Retail:
 AI-powered systems are being used to improve the customer experience by
providing personalized product recommendations and improving inventory
management.
Transportation:
 AI is being used to optimize traffic flow, reduce fuel consumption, and improve
safety in the transportation industry.
 AI is being used to optimize traffic flow, reduce fuel consumption, and improve
safety in the transportation industry.

16. 4.Applications of Artificial Intelligence

17. Applications of Artificial Intelligence
AI in Astronomy
o Artificial Intelligence can be very useful to solve complex universe
problems. AI technology can be helpful for understanding the universe
such as how it works, origin, etc.
AI in Healthcare
o In the last, five to ten years, AI becoming more advantageous for the
healthcare industry and going to have a significant impact on this
industry.
o Healthcare Industries are applying AI to make a better and faster
diagnosis than humans. AI can help doctors with diagnoses and can
inform when patients are worsening so that medical help can reach to
the patient before hospitalization.

18. Applications of Artificial Intelligence
AI in Gaming
o AI can be used for gaming purpose. The AI machines can play strategic
games like chess, where the machine needs to think of a large number of
possible places.
AI in Finance
o AI and finance industries are the best matches for each other. The finance
industry is implementing automation, chatbot, adaptive intelligence,
algorithm trading, and machine learning into financial processes.

19. Applications of Artificial Intelligence
AI in Data Security
o The security of data is crucial for every company and cyber-attacks are growing
very rapidly in the digital world.
o AI can be used to make your data more safe and secure.
o Some examples such as AEG bot, AI2 Platform, are used to determine software
bug and cyber-attacks in a better way.
AI in Social Media
o Social Media sites such as Facebook, Twitter, and Snapchat contain billions of
user profiles, which need to be stored and managed in a very efficient way.
o AI can organize and manage massive amounts of data.
o AI can analyse lots of data to identify the latest trends, hashtag, and requirement
of different users.

20. Applications of Artificial Intelligence
• AI in Travel & Transport
o AI is becoming highly demanding for travel industries.
o AI is capable of doing various travel related works such as from making travel
arrangement to suggesting the hotels, flights, and best routes to the customers.
o Travel industries are using AI-powered chatbots which can make human-like
interaction with customers for better and fast response.
• AI in Automotive Industry
o Some Automotive industries are using AI to provide virtual assistant to their user
for better performance.
o Such as Tesla has introduced TeslaBot, an intelligent virtual assistant.
o Various Industries are currently working for developing self-driven cars which
can make your journey more safe and secure.

21. Applications of Artificial Intelligence
AI in Robotics:
o Artificial Intelligence has a remarkable role in Robotics.
o Usually, general robots are programmed such that they can perform some
repetitive task, but with the help of AI, we can create intelligent robots which can
perform tasks with their own experiences without pre-programmed.
o Humanoid Robots are best examples for AI in robotics, recently the intelligent
Humanoid robot named as Erica and Sophia has been developed which can talk
and behave like humans.
AI in Entertainment
o We are currently using some AI based applications in our daily life with some
entertainment services such as Netflix or Amazon.
o With the help of ML/AI algorithms, these services show the recommendations
for programs or shows.

22. Applications of Artificial Intelligence
AI in Agriculture
o Agriculture is an area which requires various resources, labor, money,
and time for best result.
o Now a day's agriculture is becoming digital, and AI is emerging in this
field.
o Agriculture is applying AI as agriculture robotics, solid and crop
monitoring, predictive analysis. AI in agriculture can be very helpful
for farmers.
AI in E-commerce
o AI is providing a competitive edge to the e-commerce industry, and it
is becoming more demanding in the e-commerce business.
o AI is helping shoppers to discover associated products with
recommended size, colour, or even brand.

23. Applications of Artificial Intelligence
AI in education:
o AI can automate grading so that the tutor can have more time to
teach. AI chatbot can communicate with students as a teaching
assistant.
o AI in the future can be work as a personal virtual tutor for
students, which will be accessible easily at any time and any
place.