2. What Is Artificial Intelligence?
o Artificial intelligence (AI) is a wide-ranging branch of computer science concerned with building
smart machines capable of performing tasks that typically require human intelligence.
o AI is an interdisciplinary science with multiple approaches, advancements in machine
learning and deep learning, in particular, are creating a paradigm shift in virtually every sector of
the tech industry.
o Developers use artificial intelligence to more efficiently perform tasks that are otherwise done
manually, connect with customers, identify patterns, and solve problems. To get started with AI,
developers should have a background in mathematics and feel comfortable with algorithms
o In many cases, humans will supervise an AI’s learning process, reinforcing good decisions and
discouraging bad ones. But some AI systems are designed to learn without supervision — for
instance, by playing a video game over and over until they eventually figure out the rules and how
to win.
o AI is a concept that has been around, formally, since the 1950s
3. What is super AI?
o Artificial super intelligence (ASI) is a system that wouldn't only rock humankind to its
core, but could also destroy it. If that sounds straight out of a science fiction novel, it's
because it kind of is: ASI is a system where the intelligence of a machine surpasses all
forms of human intelligence, in all aspects, and outperforms humans in every function.
o An intelligent system that can learn and continuously improve itself is still a hypothetical
concept. However, it's a system that, if applied effectively and ethically, could lead to
extraordinary progress and achievements in medicine, technology, and much more.
4. Strong AI Vs. Weak AI
Intelligence is tricky to define, which is why AI experts typically distinguish between strong
AI and weak AI.
Strong AI
Strong AI, also known as artificial general intelligence, is a machine that can solve
problems it’s never been trained to work on — much like a human can. This is the kind of
AI we see in movies, like the robots from Westworld or the character Data from Star Trek:
The Next Generation. This type of AI doesn’t actually exist yet.
Weak AI
Weak AI, sometimes referred to as narrow AI or specialized AI, operates within a limited
context and is a simulation of human intelligence applied to a narrowly defined problem
Weak AI is often focused on performing a single task extremely well. While these
machines may seem intelligent, they operate under far more constraints and limitations
than even the most basic human intelligence.
Weak AI examples: Siri, Alexa and other smart assistants ,Self-driving cars, Google
search, Conversational bots, Email spam filters, Netflix's recommendations
5. Ready-to-Use AI Is Making Operationalizing AI Easier
The emergence of AI-powered solutions and tools means that more companies can
take advantage of AI at a lower cost and in less time. Ready-to-use AI refers to the
solutions, tools, and software that either have built-in AI capabilities or automate the
process of algorithmic decision-making.
Ready-to-use AI includes self-repairing autonomous databases and premade models
for image recognition and text analysis on various datasets.
How to Get Started with AI
Communicate with customers through chatbots. Chatbots use natural language
processing to understand customers and allow them to ask questions and get
information. These chatbots learn over time so they can add greater value to customer
interactions.
Monitor your data center. IT operations can streamline monitoring with a cloud
platform that integrates all data and automatically tracks thresholds and anomalies.
Perform business analysis without an expert. Analytic tools with a visual user
interface allow nontechnical people to easily query a system and get an
understandable answer.
6. • The Four Types of AI
AI can be divided into four categories, based on the type and complexity of the tasks a system is
able to perform.
They are:
Reactive machines
Limited memory
Theory of mind
Self awareness
7. Reactive Machines
A reactive machine follows the most basic of AI principles and, as its name implies, is
capable of only using its intelligence to perceive and react to the world in front of it. A
reactive machine cannot store a memory and, as a result, cannot rely on past experiences
to inform decision making in real time.
reactive machines are designed to complete only a limited number of specialized duties.
This type of AI will be more trustworthy and reliable, and it will react the same way to the
same stimuli every time.
Reactive Machine Examples
Deep Blue was designed by IBM in the 1990s as a chess-playing supercomputer
Google’s AlphaGo is also incapable of evaluating future moves but relies on its own
neural network to evaluate developments of the present game
8. Limited Memory
Limited memory AI has the ability to store previous data and predictions when gathering information
and weighing potential decisions — essentially looking into the past for clues on what may come next.
Limited memory AI is more complex and presents greater possibilities than reactive machines.
Limited memory AI is created when a team continuously trains a model in how to analyse and utilize
new data
When utilizing limited memory AI in ML, six steps must be followed:
• Establish training data
• Create the machine learning model
• Ensure the model can make predictions
• Ensure the model can receive human or environmental feedback
Store human and environmental feedback as data
Reiterate the steps above as a cycle
9. Theory of Mind
Theory of mind is just that — theoretical. We have not yet achieved the technological and
scientific capabilities necessary to reach this next level of AI.
The concept is based on the psychological premise of understanding that other living
things have thoughts and emotions that affect the behaviour of one’s self. In terms of AI
machines, this would mean that AI could comprehend how humans, animals and other
machines feel and make decisions through self-reflection and determination, and then
utilize that information to make decisions of their own.
10. Self Awareness
Once theory of mind can be established, sometime well into the future of AI, the final step will be
for AI to become self-aware. This kind of AI possesses human-level consciousness and
understands its own existence in the world, as well as the presence and emotional state of others.
It would be able to understand what others may need based on not just what they communicate to
them but how they communicate it.
Self-awareness in AI relies both on human researchers understanding the premise of
consciousness and then learning how to replicate that so it can be built into machines.
11. Artificial Intelligence Examples
ChatGPT
ChatGPT is an artificial intelligence chatbot capable of producing written content in a range
of formats, from essays to code and answers to simple questions. Launched in November
2022 by OpenAI, ng.
Google Maps
Google Maps uses location data from smartphones, as well as user-reported data on things
like construction and car
Smart Assistants
Personal assistants like Siri, Alexa and Cortana use natural language processing, or NLP, to
receive instructions from users to set reminders, search for online information and control
the lights in people’s homes.
12. Snapchat Filters
Snapchat filters use ML algorithms to distinguish between an image’s subject and the
background, track facial movements and adjust the image on the screen based on what the user
is doing.
Self-Driving Cars
Self-driving cars are a recognizable example of deep learning, since they use deep neural
networks to detect objects around them, determine their distance from other cars, identify traffic
signals and much more.
Wearables
The wearable sensors and devices used in the healthcare industry also apply deep learning to
assess the health condition of the patient, including their blood sugar levels, blood pressure and
heart rate. They can also derive patterns from a patient’s prior medical data and use that to
anticipate any future health conditions.
MuZero
MuZero, a computer program created by DeepMind, is a promising frontrunner in the quest to
achieve true artificial general intelligence. It has managed to master games it has not even been
taught to play, including chess and an entire suite of Atari games, through brute force, playing
games millions of times.
13. How will AI change the world?
• Artificial intelligence has the power to change the way we work, our health, how we consume
media and get to work, our privacy, and more.
• Consider the impact that certain AI systems can have on the world as a whole. People can
ask a voice assistant on their phones to hail rides from autonomous cars to get them to
work, where they can use AI tools to be more efficient than ever before.
• Doctors and radiologists could make cancer diagnoses using fewer resources, spot genetic
sequences related to diseases, and identify molecules that could lead to more effective
medications, potentially saving countless lives.
• Alternatively, it's worth considering the disruption that could result from having neural
networks that can create realistic images, such as Dall-E 2, Midjourney, and Bing; that can
replicate someone's voice or create deepfake videos using a person's resemblance. These
could threaten what photos, videos, or audios people can consider genuine.
• Another ethical issue with AI concerns facial recognition and surveillance, and how this
technology could be an intrusion on people's privacy, with many experts looking to ban
it altogether.
14. The Evolving Stages of Artificial Intelligence
• Artificial intelligence can be allowed to replace a whole system, making all decisions
end-to-end, or it can be used to enhance a specific process. A standard warehouse
management system, for example, can show the current levels of various products,
while an intelligent one could identify shortages, analyze the cause and its effect on the
overall supply chain and even take steps to correct it.
• The demand for faster, more energy-efficient information processing is growing
exponentially as AI becomes more prevalent in business applications. Conventional
digital processing hardware cannot keep up with this demand. That is why researchers
are taking inspiration from the brain and considering alternative architectures in which
networks of artificial neurons and synapses process information with high speed and
adaptive learning capabilities in an energy-efficient, scalable manner.
15. Application of AI
AI in the Enterprise
Enterprises are primarily using AI to:
Detect and deter security intrusions
Resolve users’ technology issues
Reduce production management work
Gauge internal compliance in using approved vendors
Best Practices for Getting the Most from AI
Apply AI capabilities to those activities that have the greatest and most immediate impact
on revenue and cost.
Use AI to boost productivity with the same number of people, rather than eliminating or
adding headcount.
Begin your AI implementation in the back office, not the front office (IT and accounting will
benefit the most).
16. Understanding AI in Smart Construction
• Artificial Intelligence in the construction industry is undergoing a digital transformation.
Focussing on technologies like artificial intelligence and machine learning at every stage of
engineering and construction, from design to preconstruction to construction to operations
and asset management, is exploiting the potential of the construction industry to new levels.
• The areas where artificial intelligence in the construction industry is bringing impactful
difference by getting the tasks done in a lesser amount of time and in a cost-effective
manner.
• Planning and designing sub-segment of construction are expected to benefit the most. In the
global construction industry, the Europe market is anticipated to top the growth rate.
• This technological shift is set to positively impact all the stakeholders across the project –
including contractors, owners, and service providers. With other adjacent industries such as
transportation and manufacturing having already started working as an ecosystem, it
becomes all the more important for the construction industry to adapt to the digitization of the
processes.
17. • As the technological shift is at a nascent stage in the engineering and construction industry,
it will be advantageous for the companies that upgrade the technology. With artificial
intelligence in construction, companies can comfortably tackle current issues while avoiding
past mistakes.
• With the use of statistical techniques of machine learning in construction, it becomes much
more convenient and less time-consuming to scrutinize the data pertaining to changed
orders, information requests, etc. This will help in proactively alerting the project leaders
about the things that need critical attention. Safety monitoring also can be done with more
efficiency
Examples of Artificial Intelligence in Construction
• Planning and Designing through Generative Design
• Measuring Site Progress
• Robust Fleet Management
• Creating Safer Job Sites
• Alleviate Labor Shortage
• Enhance Project Design Process with AI-powered Insights
• Integrate AI Automation in the Project Management Workflow
• Collecting and Analyzing the Data Collected from Job Site
• Increase Productivity with AI-driven Vehicles
• Perform Land Survey and Mapping with Geospatial AI and Drones
18. What are the uses of AI in robotics?
• This discipline has developed according to the needs that have arisen, but broadly speaking, its
benefits are focused in particular on the automation of tasks that provide little value, that may pose a
danger to people because they are carried out in hazardous environments, or that require high
precision in a repetitive manner and at high speed.
• Robotics is also used in other sectors such as healthcare for remote, high-precision operations
or laboratory work.
• Using appropriate algorithms to detect and manipulate objects, calculate distances and avoid
obstacles.
• These machines can create maps of their environment and move around without any problem, even
in dangerous or inaccessible environments.
• They do not need human intervention because they also include the use of Machine Learning. The
same is true for the manipulation of objects.
• The use of this technology brings precision and efficiency as the sensors provide the necessary
information to adapt the grip force according to the object they are handling and the activity they are
carrying out. Object manipulation skills also improve as the robot gains experience.
It should be remembered that these are tools designed to collaborate with humans and interaction
with them is increasing, and they can adapt and In addition, AI is also being used to increase the
capabilities of these tools so that they can perform increasingly complex tasks
19. How AI Technology Can Help Organizations
The central tenet of AI is to replicate—and then exceed—the way humans perceive and react
to the world. It’s fast becoming the cornerstone of innovation. Powered by various forms of
machine learning that recognize patterns in data to enable predictions, AI can add value to
your business by
Providing a more comprehensive understanding of the abundance of data available
Relying on predictions to automate excessively complex or mundane tasks
What's Driving AI Adoption?
Three factors are driving the development of AI across industries.
Affordable, high-performance computing capability is readily available. The abundance of
commodity compute power in the cloud enables easy access to affordable, high-performance
computing power. Before this development, the only computing environments available for AI were
non-cloud-based and cost prohibitive.
Large volumes of data are available for training. AI needs to be trained on lots of data to make
the right predictions. Ease of data labeling and affordable storage and processing of structured and
unstructured data is enabling more algorithm building and training.
Applied AI delivers a competitive advantage. Enterprises are increasingly recognizing the
competitive advantage of applying AI insights to business objectives and are making it a businesswide priority.
20. Will an AI steal your job?
• The possibility of artificially intelligent systems replacing a considerable chunk of modern labor is
a credible near-future possibility.
• Artificial intelligence won't replace all jobs, what seems to be certain is that AI will change the
nature of work, with the only question being how rapidly and how profoundly automation will alter
the workplace.
• However, artificial intelligence can't run on its own, and while many jobs with routine, repetitive
data work might be automated, workers in other jobs can use tools like generative AI to become
more productive and efficient.
• There's a broad range of opinions among AI experts about how quickly artificially intelligent
systems will surpass human capabilities.
• Fully autonomous self-driving vehicles aren't a reality yet but, by some predictions, the self-
driving trucking industry alone is poised to take over 500,000 jobs in the US inevitably, even
without considering the impact on couriers and taxi drivers.
21. Challenges and Limitations of AI
While AI is certainly viewed as an important and quickly evolving asset, this
emerging field comes with its share of downsides.
AI is a boon for improving productivity and efficiency while at the same time
reducing the potential for human error. But there are also some disadvantages,
like development costs and the possibility for automated machines to replace
human jobs. It’s worth noting, however, that the artificial intelligence industry
stands to create jobs, too — some of which have not even been invented yet.
Artificial Intelligence Benefits
AI has many uses like
• Boosting vaccine development
• Automating detection of potential fraud.
• Safer Banking
• Better Medicine
• Innovative Media
22. Future of Artificial Intelligence
• When one considers the computational costs and the technical data infrastructure
running behind artificial intelligence, actually executing on AI is a complex
and costly business. Fortunately, there have been massive advancements in computing
technology, as indicated by Moore’s Law, which states that the number of transistors on
a microchip doubles about every two years while the cost of computers is halved.
• Although many experts believe that Moore’s Law will likely come to an end sometime in
the 2020s, this has had a major impact on modern AI techniques — without it, deep
learning would be out of the question, financially speaking. Recent research found that AI
innovation has actually outperformed Moore’s Law, doubling every six months or so as
opposed to two years.
• By that logic, the advancements artificial intelligence has made across a variety of
industries have been major over the last several years. And the potential for an even
greater impact over the next several decades seems all but inevitable.
