it is helpful to institutes

2. Introduction
 Water supply systems get water from a variety of
locations after appropriate treatment.
 Ground Water:Aqufiers
 Sea water:desalination
 The Treated water is flows:
• Gravity
• Reserviors

3. Water quality
 Drinking water quality has a micro-biological and a
physico -chemical dimension. There are thousands of
parameters of water quality
 . In public water supply systems water should, at a
minimum, be disinfected—most commonly through
the use of chlorination or the use of ultra violet light

4. Water pressure
 Water pressures vary in different locations of a
distribution system. Water mains below the street may
operate at higher pressures, with a pressure
reducer located at each point where the water enters a
building or a house
 Pressure in an urban water system is typically
maintained either by a pressurised water tank serving
an urban area, by pumping the water up into a water
tower

5. Pipes which are commonly used in
water supply system
 Cast Iron (CI) Pipes
 Steel Pipes
 Galvanized Iron (GI) Pipes
 Copper Pipes
 Plastic or Polythene or PVC pipes
 Asbestos Cement (AC) Pipes
 Concrete Pipes

6. Real pipes for real houses
Table 3: Standard plumbing pipe sizes
Plumbers' merchants call
it 10 mm 15 mm 22 mm 28 mm 35 mm 42 mm 54 mm
Some plumbers know it
as
3/8 in 1/2 in 3/4 in 1 in 11/4 in 11/2 in 2 in
Internal diameter (mm) 8.8 13.6 20.2 26.2 32.6 39.6 51.6
Cross-sectional area (in
mm2)
61 145 320 539 835 1,232 2,091
Pipe dimensions

7. TANKS
 The weight of water makes the place heavy wherever it
is placed. Thus the heaviest direction i.e., Southwest .
 Dimensions for the overhead water tank:
 Length = 1.2m
 Breadth = 0.6m
 Depth = 1.1m
 Total Volume = 1.2×0.6×1.1 = 0.792 cubic metres

8. Physics in water supply
 Down-force on the water in the pipe = Weight of water in the column
above the pipe
The water surface in the taller tank is twice as far away from the pipe, so there
is twice as much force pushing water out. If you punctured both tanks near the
bottom, water would squirt out much faster from the tall one.

9. Pressure Reducer
 Reduces Water Pressure
 Uses at cross over into homes or
across streets.

10. Physics in water supply
The pressure depends on the length of vertical pipe. In fact, the length
that matters is the height difference between the bottom of the pipe and
the water surface at the top - in the diagram on the left, the height h.

11. THE END