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1c. location, design, specs, and costs of roads
1c. location, design, specs, and costs of roads
1c. location, design, specs, and costs of roads
- 1. LVR Location andDesignLVR Location and Design Low-Volume Road Costs Gordon Keller, PE, GE Geotechnical Engineer grkeller@fs.fed.us or gordonrkeller@gmail.com 11
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- 7. Use All SourcesofUse All Sources of InformationInformation – Topographic Maps – Photos – Employees/workers familiar with the area – The existing road network – Areas of Private Lands – Soils maps and geologic conditions
- 8. Identify Points ofControl on the map • Starting Point • Ending Point Community Market
- 9. Identify Points ofControl on the map • Intermediate Control Points • Creek Crossings • Saddles Rock Outcrops • Road Intersections
- 10. 1010 Identify “Identify “RedFlagRed Flag” areas to” areas to be avoided!be avoided! • Areas of unstable soils • Wet areas/flat areas • Steep slopes • Rocky areas • Major river crossings or other barriers • Private Lands • Special areas/ biological/archeological 8
- 11. 1111 Дорога повинна повторюватиДорогаповинна повторювати природні контури рельєфуприродні контури рельєфу 17 Мінімальний ухил дороги повинен складати 2-3% Максимальний ухил дороги не повинен перевищувати12-15%
- 12. 1212 Road GradesRoad Grades •The minimum road grade should be 2-3% • The maximum road grade should be less than 10- 12%, depending upon: – Soil Types Erosiveness of the soil The type of trucks/vehicles 19
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- 21. Специфікація Сільська під'їзна дорога Колекторна дорога Номінальна швидкість25-35 км/год45-60 км/год Ширина дороги 3.5-4.5 м 4-5.5 м Ухил дороги 15% макс. 12% макс. Радіус повороту 15 м. мін. 25 м. мін. Нахил До/ від схилу (5%) До/від схилу або випуклість(5%) Тип покриття Природнє або гравій гравій, тверде покриття Норми проектування типової дороги з низькою інтенсивністю руху
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- 31. Ви отримуєте те,що ви контролюєте Не те, що ви очікуєте
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- 33. Section 602. — CULVERTS AND DRAINS Description 602.01 This work consists of furnishing and installing culverts, drains, and precast concrete box culverts. Material 602.02 Conform to the following Sections and Subsections: Asphalt mastic 702.04 Concrete pipe 706 Gaskets for concrete pipe706.08 Gaskets for ductile iron pipe 707.18 Gaskets for metal pipe 707.17 Gaskets for plastic pipe 708.08
- 34. Construction Requirements 602.03 General. Furnish culvertpipe with a wall thickness not less than that shown in the plans or determined from the fill-height tables included in the plans. Use the same material and coating on contiguous pipe sections and special sections (such as elbows and branch connections). For culvert extensions, furnish the same material as the existing culvert. 602.04 Laying Concrete Pipe and Precast Concrete Box Culverts. Start at the lower end and lay the bell or groove end upgrade. Fully join sections with leak-resistant seals using one of the following methods: 602.08 Acceptance. Material for culverts, drains, and precast concrete box culverts furnished will be evaluated under Subsections 106.02 and 106.03. Installation of culverts, drains and precast concrete box culverts will be evaluated under Subsections 106.02 and 106.04. Excavation and backfill will be evaluated under Section 209. Measurement- Payment 602.10 The accepted quantities will be paid at the contract price per unit of measurement for the Section 602 pay items listed in the bid schedule. Payment will be full compensation for the work prescribed in this Section. See Subsection 109.05.
- 37. The Summary • Mark the final field location accurately on the map. Confirm it in the field and stake the alignment. • Develop Plans and Specifications •Make a final estimation of costs • Leave Documentation notes and maps!!!! – Road Location and Design Report
- 38. KEY COST ITEMSKEY COST ITEMS • ClearingClearing • ExcavationExcavation •RevegetationRevegetation • Channel CulvertsChannel Culverts • Cross-Drain CulvertsCross-Drain Culverts
- 40. Рекультивація розчистка Дорожнє полотно Земельні роботи Рекультивація Дренажнатруба = 1m ухил розчистка Дорожнє полотно Земельні роботи Рекультивація ухил Рекультивація насип Поперечна дренажна труба +1 m Особливості будівництва доріг в залежності від нахилу поверхні
- 43. ВІДКОСИ a. Збалансований відкіс і насип b. Повна виїмка тераси грунту 2:1 типово Насип Виймання 0-60% ухил Типовийвідкіс для твердої породи: від ¼:1 до ½:1 Типовий відкіс для більшості порід: від ¾:1 до 1:1 Дорога Виїмка тераси доцільна, коли ухил перевищує +/- 60% Будуйте відкоси і насипи споруд на гірських схилах зі збалансованим розрізом профілю Материнський грунт
- 45. OTHER MAJOROTHER MAJOR COST ITEMS COST ITEMS • Surfacing-Gravel/PavementSurfacing-Gravel/Pavement • BridgesBridges •End Hauling MaterialEnd Hauling Material • Retaining StructuresRetaining Structures • Other FactorsOther Factors –Right-of-WayRight-of-Way –Overlooks, EtcOverlooks, Etc
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- 52. END HAUL MATERIALENDHAUL MATERIAL
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- 58. Importance of RoadingImportanceof Roading • Code of Forest Practice – Poorly designed or maintained timber production roads have the potential to create significant environmental impacts, particularly on water quality and river health. – Plans for roads must be based on field surveys to ensure that all environmentally sensitive locations are identified and appropriate design and construction techniques are adopted. • VicForests Roading Instruction – The cost of providing road works is significant and is therefore an important business process that requires thorough and appropriate financial and environmental planning and approval's processes. Lachlan Spencer, VicForests Road Planner
Editor's Notes
- #44 Some suggestions to consider in new construction, slide has recommended slopes for excavation in soil and rock