Title Page no. 1. Introduction 5 2. Different department in hospital 6 3. First Aid 7 - 10 3.1 Wound Dressing 11 - 12 3.2. Artificial Respiration 13 - 14 4. Different routes of injection 15- 18 5. Patient observation Chart 19- 20 6. Prescription and Dispensing 21- 22 7. Simple diagnostic report. 23- 26 8. Conclusion 27 9. Reference 28

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A
Project Report
On
Hospital training - I
At
Community Health Centre Raniganj, Pratapgarh (U.P.)
In partial Fulfillment of degree
Of
Bachelor of pharmacy
Session : 2018-19
Submitted To Dr. A. P.J. Abdul kalam University Lucknow
Submitted By Rama Shankar Yadav
Roll no. 1600450044
Raja Balwant Singh Engineering Technical Campus Agra

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Raja Balwant Singh Engineering Technical Campus
(formerly faculty of Engineering & Technology, R.B.S. College, Bichpuri, Agra)
BICHPURI AGRA-283105
1. faculty of Engineering & Technology Phone: 0562-2636675
2.faculty of Architecture & Town Planning fax: 0562-2636675
3.Faculty of Pharmacy E -mail :tu04@rediffmail.com
Website : www.fetrbs.org
Date: / /2018
CERTIFICATE
This is certify that RAMA SHANKAR YADAV S/O RAM ASARE
YADAV Student of Bachelor of Pharmacy 3rd
year has submitted his
Project report On hospital training (w.e.f. 21/06/2018 To 04/08/2018 )in
the partial fulfillment for the degree of Bachelor of Pharmacy.
We wish for your Bright career in future.
Mr. Sumit Kumar Kaushik Dr. Nitin Agrawal
(Project Incharge) (Head Of Department)
External Examiner

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The training opportunity I with community health center Raniganj Pratapgarh
was a great chance for learning and professional development. I consider myself
as a very lucky.
I give special thanks to Mr. Sumit Kaushik (Project Incharge) and all
faculty, of Faculty of pharmacy Raja Balwant Singh Engineering
Technical Campus Agra who give me the guidance to complete hospital
Training project.
I express my special thanks to Dr. MASNEESH KUMAR
(Superintendent) & Dr. KAUSHAL KUMAR YADAV (M.O.) Of
Community Health Center Raniganj Who give me guidance for Practical
knowlegdge .It is my pleasure to place on record my best reagards, to Mr.
R. C. VERMA (Chief Pharmacist) who give me Practical Knowledge
and precious guidance which are extremely valuable for my study both
theoretically and practically.
I perceive as this opportunity as a big milestone of my career development.
Thanking You.
RAMA SHANKAR YADAV
B. Pharm 3rd
Year
Roll No: 1600450044

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Content
Title Page no.
1. Introduction 5
2. Different department in hospital 6
3. First Aid 7 - 10
3.1 Wound Dressing 11 - 12
3.2. Artificial Respiration 13 - 14
4. Different routes of injection 15- 18
5. Patient observation Chart 19- 20
6. Prescription and Dispensing 21- 22
7. Simple diagnostic report. 23- 26
8. Conclusion 27
9. Reference 28

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Introduction
About Hospital:
Community Health center Raniganj Pratapgarh is the
Government Hospital of Pratapgarh and under the guidance of
my chief Pharmacist Mr. R. C. Verma, I have performed my
hospital training and marked a recommendable position in the
hospital. It is Situated at Pratapgarh to mungra badshahpur Road
Raniganj Pratapgarh 230304 (U.P.)

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Different department in Hospital
There are a number of parts in a hospital. This large number of department is
responsible for treating the patient of their disease.
The various departments of hospital covered in the hospital training are:
1. Dispensary
2. General Ward
3. Surgical Ward
3. Injection Room
4. waste management
5. Rabies Vaccination
6. TB ward
7. Pathology
8. X-ray Room

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FIRST AID
First aid is the Assistance given to any person suffering a sudden illness or
injury, with care provided to preserve life, prevent this condition of
death or promote recovery. First aid is generally is performed by
layperson.
Aim:
The aim of first aid can be summarized in three key points, kwon as the three
„P”
Preserve life:
The aim of all medical car, including first aid, is to save life and minimize the
threat of death
Prevent further harm:
Sometime also called the condition from danger of further injury , this covers
both external factors such as moving a patient away from any cause of
death, such as applying pressure to stop the bleeding.

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Promote recovery :
First aid also involve trying to start recovery process from illness or injury, and
in some cases might involve completing a treatment , such as in the case
of applying a plaster to a small wound.
Specific discipline:
There are several type of first aid which require specific additional training.
These are undertaken to fulfill the demand of the work or activity
undertaken.
Aquatic/ Marine First aid:
It is usually practiced by professional such as lifeguards, professional mariners
or in diver rescue, cover the specific problem which may be faced after
water based rescue.
Battlefield first aid :
Takes into account the specific needs of treating wounded combatants and
noncombatants during armed conflict.
Hyperbaric First aid:
It may be practiced by SCUBA diving professional, who need to treat
conditions such as the bends.
Oxygen first aid
It is providing of oxygen to casualties who suffer from condition resulting in
hypoxia.
Wilderness first aid:
Is the provision of first aid under conditions where the arrival of emergency
responders or the evacuation of an injured person may be delayed due to
constraints of terrain, weather and unavailable person or equipment.
It may be care person injury from several hours/day
.
.

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Mental health first aid:
Is taught independently of physical first aid. How to support someone
experiencing a mental health problem crisis situation.
First aid services:
Although commonly associated with first aid, the symbol of red cross is an
official protective symbol of red cross.

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Conditions that often required first aid
 Altitude sickness, Which can be begin in susceptible people at altitudes as
low as 500 feet can cause potentially fatal swelling of the brain or lungs.
 Anaphylaxis, a life threatening condition in which airway can became
constricted and patient may go into sick they cause by insect bites or
peanuts.it treated with inj. Epinephrine.
 Battlefield first aid, This protocol refers to treating shrapnel, gunshot
wound, burns, bone fractures, etc. as seen in the traditional battlefield
setting.
 Bone Fracture , a break bone initially treated by stabilizing the fracture
with a splint
 Burns, which result in damage to tissue and loss body fluid through the
burn site.
 Cardiac arrest, which will lead to death unless CPR preferably combined
with AED is started within minute.
 Heart attack, or inadequate blood flow to the blood vessels supplying to
heart muscle.
 Heavy Bleeding, treated by applying pressure to wound site and elevating
the limb if possible
 Insect and animal bite and stings.

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WOUND DRESSING
A dressing is used by docter, patient to help a wound heal and prevent
further issues like infection or complications. Dressing are designed to
direct contact withwound which is different from a bandage that holds
the dressing in place.
D
r
e
s
s
i
n
g
s
e
r
v
e a variety of purpose depending on the type severity and position of
wound. Aside from the major function of reducing the risk of infection,
dressing are also important to help:
 Stop bleeding and start clotting so the wound can healp
 Absorb many excess blood, plasma or other fluid
 Wound deridement
 Begin the healing process
Type of wound care dressing is right for my wound
Hydrocolloid:
It is dressing used on burns, light to moderately draining wounds,
narcotic wounds, under compression wraps, pressure ulcer and venous
ulcers.
Hydrogel:
This type of dressing is for wounds with little to no excess fluid, painful
wounds pressure ulcer, donor sites, second degree higher burns and
infected wounds.
Alginate:

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Alginate dressing are used for moderate to high amounts of wound drainage,
venous ulcers, packing wounds and pressure ulcer in stage III or IV.
Collagen:
A collagen dressing can be used for chronic or stalled wounds, ulcers, bed
sores, transplant sites, surgical wounds, second degree or higher burns and
wound with large surface area.

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ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION
Respiration is the act of assisting or stimulating respiration, a metabolic
process referring to the overall exchange of gases in the body by pulmonary
ventilation, external respiration and internal respiration. Assistance takes
many forms, but generally entails providing air for a person who is not
breathing or is not making sufficient respiratory effort on his/her own.
It is also known as expired Air resuscitation (EAR), Expired Air Ventilation
(EAV), mouth to mouth resuscitation, rescue breathing or colloquially the
kiss of life.
Artificial respiration is a part of most protocols for performing
cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) making it an essential skill for first aid.
Insufflations
Insufflation, also known as rescue breaths or ventilations, is act of
mechanically forcing air into a patient respiratory system.
The methods are include:

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 Mouth to mouth- This involve the rescuer making a seal between his/her
mouth and the patient mouth and blowing to pass air into the patient
body.
 Mouth to nose- In some instances, the rescuer may need or wish to form
a seal with the patient nose.
 Mouth to mask: – Most organizations recommend the use of some sort of
barrier between rescuer and patient to reduce cross infection risk. One
popular type is the 'pocket mask'. This may be able to provide higher tidal
volumes than a Bag Valve Mask

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DIFFERENT ROUTES OF INJECTION
1. Intra muscular
2. Intra venous
3. Intra-arterial
4. Intra-cardiac
5. Intra-thecal
6. Intraosseous- into bone marrow
7. Intrapleural
8. Intraperitoneal
9. Intra-articular
10.Intradermal (Intracutaneous)
10.Subcutaneous route (Hypodermic)

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Intramuscular route:
Intramuscular route might be applied to the buttock, thigh and deltoid.The
volume used is 3 ml.
Advantages:
1. Absorption is rapid than subcutaneous route.
2. Oily preparations can be used.
3. Irritative substances might be given
4. Slow releasing drugs can be given by this route. Disadvantages Using this
route might cause nerve or vein damage
Intravenous injections:
Intravenous injections might be applied to the cubital, basilic and cephalic
veins.
Advantages:
1. Immediate action takes place
2. This route is preferred in emergency situations
3. This route is preferred for unconscious patients.

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4. Titration of dose is possible.
5. Large volume of fluids might be injected by this route
6. Diluted irritant might be injected
7. Absorption is not required
8. No first pass effect takes place.
Disadvantages:
1. There is no retreat
2. This method is more risky
3. Sepsis-Infection might occur
4. Phlebitis(Inflammation of the blood vessel) might occur
5. Infiltration of surrounding tissues might result.
6. This method is not suitable for oily preparations
7. This method is not suitable for insoluble preparations
Intra arterial route:
This method is used for chemotherapy in cases of malignant tumors and in
angiography.
Intra dermal route:
This route is mostly used for diagnostic purposes and is involved in:
 Schick test for Diphtheria
 Dick test for Scarlet fever
 Vaccines include DBT, BCG and polio
 Sensitivity is to penicillin Intra cardiac route Injection can be applied to the
left ventricle in case of cardiac arrest.

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Intra thecal route:
Intrathecal route involves the subarachnoid space. Injection may be applied
for the lumbar puncture, for spinal anesthesia and for diagnostic purposes.
This technique requires special precautions.
Intra-articular route:
Intra-articular route involves injection into the joint cavity. Corticosteroids
may be injected by this route in acute arthritis.
Intra peritoneal route:
Intraperitoneal route may be used for peritoneal dialysis. Intra pleural route:
Penicillin may be injected in cases of lung empyma by intrapleural route.
Injection into bone marrow This route may be used for diagnostic or
therapeutic purposes.
Hypospray/Jet Injection: This method is needleless and is subcutaneous
done by applying pressure over the skin. The drug solution is retained under
pressure in a container called „gun‟. It is held with nozzle against the skin.
Pressure on the nozzle allows a fine jet of solution to emerge with great
force. The solution can penetrate the skin and subcutaneous tissue to a
variable depth as determined by the pressure.

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PATIENT OBSERVATION CHART
Ensuring that patients who deteriorate receive appropriate and timely care is
a key safety and quality challenge. All patients should receive
comprehensive care regardless of their location in the hospital or the time of
day. Even though a range of systems have been introduced to better manage
clinical deterioration, this area needs to remain a high priority while patients
continue to experience preventable adverse events because their deterioration
is not identified or properly managed. The objective of an observation chart
is to present the most important vital signs for detecting deterioration in most
patients in a user-friendly manner.
a) Single parameter tool (track and trigger) - Vital signs are compared
with a simple set of criteria with predefined thresholds, with a response
algorithm being activated when any criterion is met”. The main vital signs
are graphed so that trends can be easily „tracked‟. There are also colour

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coded zones to indicate when patient observations are likely to represent
deterioration, where a response is „triggered‟. Incorporating call criteria in
observation charts is an effective way in which to highlight possible
deterioration and assist clinicians with making decisions as to when to
„trigger‟ a response, whether that be for a clinical review or rapid response
call.
b) Aggregate scoring system - Core observations attract a weighted Score.
“Weighted scores are assigned to physiological values and compared with
predefined trigger thresholds. The main vital signs are collected and points
are allocated. The points for each observation are added to give a score that
helps identify patients with subtle signs of deterioration. A supporting
Action Plan triggers certain actions when certain scores are reached.
c) Combination system - Single or multiple parameter systems used in
combination with aggregate weighted scoring systems.
d) Non track and trigger - Other observations charts may include the
collection of vital signs with no scoring or no criteria for a response.

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PRESCRIPTION AND DISPENSING PRESCRIPTION
A prescription contains handwritten instructions for the dispensing and
administering of medications. It can be more than an order for drugs as it can
also include instructions for a therapist, the patient, nurse, caretaker, pharmacist
or a lab technician for orders for lab tests, X-rays, and other assessments.
Prescriptions have five sections:
 Superscription - the heading with the date and the patient‟s name,
address, age, etc.
 Symbol Rx - the Rx stands for "recipe" which in Latin means "to take."
 Inscription - the information about the medication. It has the name of the
ingredients and the amount needed. It includes the main ingredient, anything
that helps in the action of the drug, something to modify the effects of the
main drug, and the "vehicle" which makes the medicine more pleasant to
take.
 Subscription - The subscription section tells the pharmacist how to
dispense the drug. This will have instructions on compounding the drug and
the amount needed.
 Signature - The signature has the directions that are to be printed on the
medicine. The word "sig" means "write on label.
Variances in Prescription Wording Prescriptions vary from state to state and
doctor to doctor:
 Sometimes the doctor will write "dispense as written," "do not substitute,"
or "medically necessary."
 Sometimes the age of the child is required and often the doctor will put the
condition that is being treated.
 Sometimes there is a label box. If the doctor checks this, the pharmacist
labels the medicine; if not, he only puts the instructions for taking it.

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DISPENSING PROCEDURE:
• Ensure that the prescription has the name and signature of the prescriber
and the stamp of the health centre.
• Calculate the total cost of the drug to be dispensed on the basis of the
prescription where applicable.
• Inform the patient about the cost of the drug.
• Issue a receipt for all payments.
• Hand over the dispensed drug as in
• Ensure that the prescription is dated and has the name of the patient.
• If the prescription has not been written in a known (local) health centre,
the prescriber of the centre should endorse it.
• Avoid dispensing without a prescription or from an unauthorized
prescriber.
• Check the name of the prescribed drug against that of the container.
• Check the expiration date on the container Correct drug dispensing
Dispensed drugs should be appropriately labelled so that the patient can
benefit optimally from the use of the drug. Expired drugs should not be
dispensed. Correct dispensing ensures that:
• The right patient is served,
• A desired dosage form of the correct drug is given,
• The prescribed dosage and quantity are given,
• The right container that maintains the potency of the drugs is used,
• The container is appropriately labelled.
• Clear instructions are delivered verbally to the patient.

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SIMPLE DIAGNOSTIC REPORTS
Assuming that the tests are correctly and completely scored, the first step in
writing a diagnostic report is to organize your data including test scores,
observations, case history and interview data, and other information
meticulously by area. That is, for each heading in the report you must gather
all the relevant information you possess. Use the Summary and Test
Interpretation Form (STIF) for this purpose. Organizing the Tests For the
sections of the report that discuss testing, use the STIF to identify the tests
you gave that are relevant, to record the scores of those tests, to interpret
those scores, to add relevant observations, and to make notes to yourself
about how results from one test or section relate to other tests. Do this for
each section of the STIF.

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WRITING THE REPORT
Getting Started The Diagnostic Report Form (DRF) is available in both
printed and computer versions. If you have any facility at all using a
computer, you will make the most efficient use of your time by far if you
compose the report at the computer. It is entirely feasible to do so if you
have done a good job of getting organized with the STIF. The computer
version was designed to help you write the report as efficiently as possible.
The DRF provides much of the structure of the report. You don't have to
worry about organization, headings, and so on. It also takes the drudgery out
of the parts of the report that actually report test scores. These are the
features of diagnostic reports that rarely change from one to the next.
Reporting the score of the PPVT in one report is pretty much the same as
reporting it in another. You can see that this is an enormous time saver. You
don't have to organize the report from scratch. Nor do you have to worry
about how to word much of it.

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COVER PAGE/IDENTIFYING INFORMATION
Fill in the name, address and other identifying
information on the cover page. In the final
version the cover page will be printed on DePaul
letterhead. INSTRUMENTS OF EVALUATION
Here we want to list every test that was given to
the child being described in the report. The list of
tests on the cover page contains most of the tests
regularly administered. Delete the tests not given.
REFERRAL AND IDENTIFYING DATA
In this section you encounter the first of the
optional language of the DRF. Certain
conventions will be followed throughout. Choice
of Words. Words or phrases in parentheses are
choices. Select the appropriate choice (or
substitute your own) and delete the other choices.
MENTAL ABILITY-Now that the stage is set
with as much background information as
possible, we are ready to move into the various
areas of testing, starting with mental ability. From
here on out, each section will follow the same format and structure for
discussing testing: scores and interpretation, examples and discussion,
summary and integration. Reporting Results. Notice that this section
contains a mix of norm-referenced and criterion referenced tests. On the
criterion referenced tests there are no scores to report. However, you should
describe in detail what the child can and cannot do. You can describe what
letters the child knows the name of and which ones he does not; which letter
he knows the sounds for and which he does not; which letters he can write
and so on. Include as much information as possible from observations and
the tests you gave. The final paragraph should contain a summary and
interpretation of the child's reading readiness. You should decide whether the
child's readiness skills are well enough developed for reading instruction and
fill in the blank with your appraisal. If the child is OK you could say: 20 In
general readiness skills are in the average range and Johnny should be able
to profit from beginning reading instruction.

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SONOGRAPHY REPORTS PATHOLOGICAL REPORTS
REPORT SUMMARY
The summary of the report is perhaps the most important section, not only
because it is where all the pieces get tied up into one final portrait of the
child, but also because it is sometimes the only part of the report that is read.
So it must be well done.

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CONCLUSION
During training procedures I have got lot of knowledge about flowing Stated
project a training regarding each and every first aid procedures, It includes
checking the symptoms and treating at small scale in first aids and later
transferring for surgical procedures. I got known regarding artificial
respiration process and wound dressing. In Prescription reading, its parts and
the abbreviations used are studied by me in this project it‟s truly a
scandalous matter for pharmacists study. Later the dispensing procedure is
stated therefore which was practiced by me all around the training at regular
intervals. In Simple diagnostic reports those are easy to study in case of
pathological reports but a bit of difficulty arises in reading radiological
reports. Sites of injection which includes knowledge of syringes, routes of
injections. Routes of injections such as I.V., I.M., I.D., Subcutaneous etc.
Therefor I have got a experiance by this training.
Rama Shankar Yadav

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References
1. First aid manual: 9th edition. Dorling Kindersley. 2009. ISBN 978 1 4053
3537 9.
2. Jump up^ "Duct tape for the win! Using household items for first aid
needs.". CPR Seattle.
3. ^ Jump up to :a b c Pearn, John (1994). "The earliest days of first aid".
The British Medical Journal. 309:17181720.
doi:10.1136/bmj.309.6970.1718. PMC 2542683 . PMID 7820000.
4. Mehta R.M, “Pharmaceutics-I” IVTH edition
Vallabh Prakashan (page no269-274).
5. www.wikipedia.org