The document provides information on writing skills, types of creative writing, and news writing. It discusses how good writers express more with less words by cutting out unnecessary words. Creative writing aims to express thoughts and feelings in imaginative ways rather than just conveying information. There are different types of creative writing such as fictional writing, non-fiction writing, short stories, novels, novellas, memoirs, biographies, essays, and anecdotes. News writing follows the inverted pyramid structure and 5W1H (who, what, where, when, why, how) approach. It also outlines various news values like impact, proximity, timeliness, prominence, novelty, conflict, relevance, and human interest.

1. Writing Skills

2. • Good writer use, less and less to express more
• Refining by cutting away useless words and
make every word count
• One should follow ‘ 7 C s ’ of writing

3. • CLEAR
• CONCISE
• CONCRETE
• CANDID
• COMPLETE
• COURTEOUS
• CORRECT

4. • Creative writing is writing to express thoughts,
feelings and emotions rather than just conveying
some information.
• Instead of just narrating facts and presenting
information creative writing aims to express the
thoughts and feelings in imaginative ways.
• The expression of the ideas is often unique i.e.,
each one has their own style and sometimes it is
also poetic.
• The aim of creative writing is to write in an
original style, and not to imitate other writers.
• Creative writers use words and sentences in
interesting ways and by using unusual phrases and
figures of speech.

5. Tips for Creative Writing
1. Avoid postponement and force yourself to write.
2. Relax before writing.
3 Be alert and observant.
4. Decide for yourself which is the best part of the day to write
creatively.
5. Do not get upset or stressed if you do not get it right the first
time
6. Enjoy writing

6. Types of Prose or Writing
• Fictional Creative Writing: The writing is
based on the imagination and is not necessarily
based on fact. Novels and short stories are the
most common forms of fictional creative
writing.

7. Non fictional Creative Writing: is writing about real
people and real events.
• It is writing that is based on good research.
• It is writing to tell a true story or writing about a real
person.
• It involves writing about factual events while paying
attention to the quality of the prose.
• The writing may be more interesting and may contain
figurative language, plot structure, character development
and assessment.
• Memoirs biographies, essays, anecdotes, may use this style
of writing.
• Events may also be analyzed during the narrative to
enhance any humorous aspects of the event, dramatic
aspects, poignant exchanges, and so on

8. • Short stories are usually 6,000 words or less;
they generally follow a plot structure, that is,
an introduction, rising action, climax, falling
action, and ending.
• Novels are much longer stories that usually
range anywhere from 60,000 words to 200,000
words or more. Novels have a more complex
plot structure and more characters. The novels
may include several different settings over the
course of the narrative, and more than one plot
line may be present in this creative writing
form.

9. • Novellas are stories that are too long to be
short stories and too short to be novels that is
words between 6000 -60,000
• Memoirs is a collection of memories that an
individual writes about moments or events,
that have taken place in the author’s life. They
may relate to both public or private life. The
incidents or ideas as written in the memoirs are
considered to be facts.

10. • Biography is a detailed description or account
of a person's life. It includes more than basic
facts (education, work, relationships, and
death) - a biography also tells or shows a
person’s experience of these events. A
biography is different from a profile or a
resume because a biography presents a
person's life story, highlighting various aspects
of his or her life, including intimate details of
experience, and may include an analysis of the
person's personality.

11. Autobiography is a biography of one’s own self
• An essay is a piece of writing which is often
written from an author's personal point of view.
Essays can consist of a number of elements,
including: literary criticism, political manifestos,
learned arguments, observations of daily life,
recollections, and reflections of the author.
• Anecdotes, are usually short narratives of
interesting, amusing, or biographical incident. It
could be about a prank you played in the school
or a funny incident that happened in your life

12. Writing for the media
• News writing is a key skill for journalists, but it
helps with other types of writing as well.
That’s because news writing is about telling a
story quickly and concisely.

13. Inverted pyramid

14. • 5 Ws and 1 H
• Writing a news story should include the who,
where, what, why, when and how of a story
i.e., the 5 Ws and 1H
• For example if you are writing about a car
crash, say who was involved, when and where
it happened, why it happened and how it
happened. Those would be the main points.
This could be written as

15. Characters of Articles or News Item
• News Values
• What is news? The cliche is, when dog bites
man, it's not news. When man bites dog,
that's news. Critics say, why is the newspaper
always full of bad news? Because bad news is
unusual, and no one wants to read about
ordinary events.

16. • Impact. Impact is determined by the number of
people affected, the number of people who were
affected by Tsunami, the number of students
affected by the new educational policy etc. The
more people affected the bigger the impact of
the story.
• Proximity. The closer your audience is to the
event, the greater its news value. If a plane
crashes in Malaysia it may not seem as important
as a plane crashing in Delhi or Mumbai, or if an
accident happens close to Bangalore it will not
seem as important as the one which happened
between Hubli-Dharwad.

17. • Timeliness. "New" is a big part of news. If it
happened just before deadline, it's bigger news
than if it happened last week. Even "big" stories
last only a week or so. News, like fish, is better
fresh.
• Prominence. The public cares more about
celebrities than they do about people they don't
know. If Sharukh Khan smokes it is news but if a
construction worker smokes it is not interesting.
If a prominent family like ambanis meet with an
accident in Mumbai it is important but when
hundreds of accidents happen on the roads of
Mumbai nobody bothers

18. • Novelty. If an event is unusual, strange, the first,
the last, or once-in-a-lifetime, it is has more news
value than if it is something that happens all the
time. A man eating glass and tubelights is
strange, the spelling bee contest in the US going
for over 90 rounds is rare, a bmango in the shape
of Ganesha and such other things
• Conflict. War, politics and crime are the most
common news events of all. If everyone got along
well with each other there wouldn't be much
news.crime diary, crime story, warrant are
therefore very popular

19. • Relevance and usefulness How does the story
affect the reader? If there's no effect at all,
maybe there's no news. How can I use this
information? Home, business and leisure news
sections have sprouted in newspapers in an
attempt to give readers news they can really use
on diet, health, preparing for exams, stress
busters
• Human interest. A story may be weak on the
other news values, but be interesting anyway. It
can be as simple as an interview with a fasci-
nating person like Shashi Taroor on his relation
with sunanda Pushkar. If people are talking about
it, it's news, even if it doesn't meet the criteria of
our other news values.