During the six-month research in the area of the Ribnica quarry, performed in 2012 by the members of the Ornithological Society "Naše ptice", 76 bird species were registered. Since the birds are the best indicators of the overall state of the environment, it is necessary to repeat the researches and gather the additional information on bird fauna of Ribnica quarry and its immediate surroundings, in order to create the basis for bird monitoring programs, their protection and public education about the natural values ​​of this area. The monitoring should enable the proper planning of the future operations within the quarry, without endangering bird habitats and survival in the area. The project will include daytime and nighttime surveys (direct observation, identification by calls and sounds), and the development of document on status of this area's bird fauna. The special attention will be given to the species included in Annex I of the Birds Directive and Annexes II and III of the Bern and Bonn conventions. As the practical part of the bird protection, it is planned to set up the nesting boxes and bird houses in the vicinity of the quarry. More information: http://www.quarrylifeaward.com/project/bird-protection-ribnica-quarry-zastita-ptica-na-kamenolomu-ribnica

1. ZAŠTITA PTICA NA
KAMENOLOMU RIBNICA
BIRD PROTECTION AT THE
RIBNICA QUARRY
Nermina Sarajlić
Asja Ĉorbo
Selvir Džafić
Tarik Dervović

2. Kamenolom Rib
Kamenolom Ribnica kao stanište ptica
Kamenolom Ribnica nalazi se na juţnim padinama Ravan
planine, sjeverozapadno od Kaknja, u blizini sela Subotinje i
Šišići, na nadmorskoj visini od 405-685 m.
Na ovom lokalitetu se sa četinarskim vrstama (smrča, bijeli i
crni bor) smjenjuju zajednice hrasta kitnjaka, graba i bukve uz
poneko stablo divlje trešnje i gorskog javora i veći broj
grmolikih vrsta: drijen, svib, poljski javor, lijeska, dok je oko sela
Šišići meliorirano zemljište prekriveno poljoprivrednim
površinama (voćnjacima i njivama). U podnoţju
kamenoloma nalazi se rijeka Ribnica, sa razvijenim šibljacima
vrbe i topole.
Ovako veliki diverzitet biljnog pokrivača uslovio je prisustvo
različitih vrsta ptica, koje se u blizini kamenoloma Ribnica
zadrţavaju tokom cijele godine, na gnijeţđenju ili prelijeću
ovo područje u periodu proljetne ili jesenske migracije.
Ribnica quarry as the birds' habitat
Ribnica quarry is located on the southern slopes of the Ravan
mountain, northwest of Kakanj, near the villages Subotinje
and Šišići, at an altitude of 405-685 m.
On this site, the coniferous tree species (spruce, Scotch pine
and black pine) alternate with the communities of sessile
oak, hornbeam and beech, occasional wild cherry and
sycamore and a number of shrub species: dogwood, field
maple, hazel, while the area around Šišići village is covered
with agricultural land (orchards and fields). At the bottom of
the quarry, there is the Ribnica river, overgrown with willow
and poplar shrubs.
Such a great diversity of plant cover has caused the
presence of various bird species, which can be seen near
the Ribnica quarry throughout the year, during breeding
period, or which fly over this area during the spring or autumn
migrations.

3. Ptice oko nas:
posmatranje, proučavanje, zaštita
Ptice su neodvojivi dio naše okoline i predstavljaju najbolje pokazatelje njenog stanja, a ujedno
imaju i veliki značaj za ţivot čovjeka jer raznose sjemena biljaka i uništavaju veliki broj štetnih
insekata i glodara, a sluţe i kao hrana velikom broju ţivotinja. U slučaju bilo kakve promjene u
okolišu (zagađenje vazduha, vode, tla), ptice brzo reaguju – odlaze, dajući nam do znanja da
nešto nije kako treba. Zaštitom ptica štitimo i prirodu u cjelini.
Ptice moţemo štititi na više načina: postavljanjem hranilica tokom zime i kućica za gnijeţđenje,
ali i praćenjem stanja njihove brojnosti i ukazivanjem značaja ptica što većem broju ljudi,
posebno djece i mladih.
Kao načine zaštite ptica na kamenolomu Ribnica odabrali smo postavljanje kućica za
gnijeţđenje i izradu ove edukativne brošure, u kojoj će biti objašnjena izrada i postavljanje
kućica za ptice, predstavljen zanimljiv način proučavanja ptica za svakoga – birdwatching i
dat pregled ptica koje su tokom istraţivanja u okviru projekta zabiljeţene na području
kamenoloma Ribnica.
The birds around us:
observation, study, protection
The birds are an inseparable part of our environment and the best indicators of its condition.
They also have a great significance for humans - they distribute the seeds and feed on a large
number of harmful insects and rodents, and also represent food for large number of animal
species. In case of any changes in the environment (air, water or soil pollution), the birds react
quickly – they leave, letting us know that something is wrong. By protecting the birds, we protect
the nature in general.
The birds can be protected in several ways: by setting up the feeders and nestboxes, but also
by monitoring their numbers and pointing out the importance of birds to as many people as
possible, especially children and youth.
As a way to protect the birds in the Ribnica quarry, we have decided to set up the nestboxes
and create this educational brochure, in which we will explain how to build and set up the
nestbox, present an interesting way of studying the birds - bird watching and give an overview
of birds which were registered in Ribnica quarry during the research within our project.

4. Kućice za ptice
Zbog sječe suhih i oštećenih stabala u šumama, parkovima i voćnjacima, pojedine vrste ptica koje se
gnijezde u dupljama nemaju gdje napraviti gnijezdo. Dešava se i da nađu neku plitku rupu u drvetu i
tu snesu jaja, ali ptići koji se komešaju često ispadnu i uginu na tlu ili postanu plijen različitih
grabljivaca. Postavljanjem kućica pomaţemo gnijeţđenje velikog broja ptica koje sve teţe pronalaze
prostor gdje bi napravile gnijezdo.
Nestboxes – birdhouses
Due to the cutting of dead and damaged trees in forests, parks and orchards, the cavity-breeding
birds have nowhere to nest. Sometimes they find a shallow hole in the tree and lay eggs there, but in
those cases the chicks often fall out and die on the ground or become prey to various predators. By
setting up the nestboxes we help a large number of birds, which can barely find a space to make
their nests.

5. Koje ptice se gnijezde u kućicama?
Which birds use nestboxes?
Ćuk
Eurasian Scops Owl
Ĉvorak
Common Starling
Šumska sova
Tawny Owl
Velika sjenica
Great Tit
Plava sjenica
Blue Tit
Jelova sjenica
Coal Tit
Brgljez
Eurasian Nuthatch
Crvendać
European Robin
Golub grivnjaš
Common Wood Pigeon

6. Kako napraviti kućicu za ptice?
Kućice za ptice je najbolje praviti od dasaka debljine 2-
2,5 cm, a nipošto od metala i plastike koji ne pruţaju
nikakvu toplinsku izolaciju. Krov treba biti od tvrdog
drveta, otpornog na vlagu ili pokriven gumom ili
ljepenkom. Da bi se spriječio ulazak kišnice, kućicu je
potrebno nakositi prema naprijed, a za slučaj jačih i
obilnijih padavina spriječiti zadrţavanje vode u kućici
bušenjem nekoliko rupa prečnika 6-7 mm na dnu. Da bi
se povećala otpornost i osigurala trajnost, kućice se
mogu premazati za ptice neškodljivim sredstvom za
zaštitu drveta na bazi vode, i to samo sa vanjske strane,
a vaţno je i izbjegavati bojenje jarkim bojama.
How to make a birdhouse?
The best material for building a birdhouse is 2-2.5 cm
thick timber – not metal or plastic – materials which
provide no heath insulation. The roof should be made of
hard wood, resistant to moisture or covered with rubber
or similar material. In order to prevent the entry of
rainwater, the entrance should be slightly angled
downwards, and a couple of holes (6-7 mm diameter)
should be drilled in the base of the birdhouse to ensure
that any rain that does get in can drain out quickly. To
ensure durability, the birdhouses can be coated with
non-toxic water-based wood preservatives, but only on
the outside. It is also important to avoid painting the
birdhouse with bright colors.

7. Kako napraviti kućicu za ptice?
Kućice treba redovno čistiti, a da bi to bilo moguće potrebno je da se krov,
dno ili stranica mogu otvoriti. Ulazni otvor treba prilagoditi veličini ptice
kojoj je kućica namijenjena. Veličina otvora varira od 2 cm za sjenice, do 15
za šumske sove. Kućice je najbolje postaviti na visinu od 2-5 m, na mjestu
zaštićenom od vjetra. Većina ptica koje gnijezde u dupljama su
teritorijalne vrste, pa kućice treba postavljati na najmanju udaljenost od 20-
40 m. S obzirom da neke ptice kućice koriste tokom cijele godine, ne samo
za gnijeţđenje već i kao sklonište tokom jeseni i zime, potrebno ih je
postaviti što ranije, najbolje između septembra i marta.
Većina ptica je vrlo osjetljiva na uznemiravanje tokom perioda gnijeţđenja,
i neke od njih čak mogu i napustiti gnijezdo i ostaviti jaja ili ptiće, ili se moţe
desiti da se ptići uplaše i ispadnu iz gnijezda pa stradaju kao ţrtve
grabljivaca. Zbog toga ne smijeno zavirivati u kućice tokom proljeća i ljeta,
nego uţivati posmatrajući ptice sa pristojne udaljenosti.
How to make a birdhouse?
The birdhouses should be regularly cleaned, so they should be constructed
in a way that the top, the base or the sides can be opened or
disassembled. The size of the entrance hole varies from 2 cm (for the
titmice), to 15 cm (for Tawny Owls). The birdhouses should be mounted at a
height of 2-5 m, away from the prevailing winds. Most cavity-nesting birds
are territorial species, so the birdhouses should be set to the minimum
distance of 20-40 m. Since some birds use the nestboxes throughout the
year, not just for breeding but also as a shelter during the fall and winter,
they should be set up as early as possible, preferably between September
and March.
Most birds are very sensitive to disturbance during the nesting period, and
some of them may even abandon the nest and leave the eggs or chicks. In
some cases the chicks may get frightened, fall out of the nest and get killed
by predators. Therefore, we should not attempt to open the birdhouses
during the spring and summer, but enjoy watching the birds from a
distance.

8. Posmatranje ptica – birdwatching : nov, zanimljiv hobi!
Posmatranje ptica ili birdwatching postaje sve popularniji hobi ljubitelja prirode, a podrazumijeva
prepoznavanje ptica na osnovu njihovog izgleda, ponašanja ili glasanja. Ptice moţete posmatrati
bilo gdje – u svom dvorištu, parku, na planini, u šumi, pored rijeke ili jezera. Iako ptice moţete
posmatrati i golim okom, dobro bi bilo imati dvogled, koji omogućava da ptice posmatrate sa veće
daljine i da ne uplašite, a u prepoznavanju različitih vrsta pomoći će ilustrovani priručnik (ključ).
Trebat će vam i biljeţnica u koju ćete zapisivati svoja zapaţanja (datum, mjesto, ime, opis ili skicu
ptice koju ste vidjeli). U početku moţe izgledati teško ili čak nemoguće, ali ćete vremenom naučiti
da razlikujete veliki broj ptičijih vrsta, ne samo prema boji i veličini, nego i prema ponašanju, glasanju i
mjestu na kojem ţive.
Birdwatching: new, interesting hobby!
Birdwatching is an increasingly popular hobby of nature lovers – observation and identification of
birds on the basis of their appearance, behavior or sounds. Birds can be seen everywhere - in
backyards, parks, mountains, woods, near rivers or lakes. Although the birds can be observed with the
naked eye, it is advisable to have binoculars, which allows the birds to be observed from a larger
distance, without being frightened. For identification, you can use various illustrated bird guides. You
will also need a notebook to write down your observations (date, place, name, description or sketch
of birds you've seen). In the beginning may seem difficult or even impossible, but you will eventually
learn to distinguish a large number of bird species, not only by color and size, but also by their
behavior, sounds and habitat.

9. Vrste ptica na području
kamenoloma Ribnica
zabilježene tokom terenskih istraživanja
Bird species in the area of
Ribnica quarry
recorded during field visits

10. Anas platyrhynchos
Divlja patka
Mallard
Najčešća i najkrupnija patka plivačica (55-62 cm) na našim prostorima. Muţjake je
lako prepoznati po tamnozelenoj glavi i vratu, bijeloj ogrlici i izrazito ţutom kljunu.
Ţenke imaju neugledno perje smeđe boje. Nastanjuje gusto obrasle obale rijeka,
jezera, bara i močvara, a nerijetko se nađe i u gradskim kanalima i vještačkim
jezercima u parkovima. Hrani se vodenim biljkama, ali i raznim insektima, ribama i
ţabama. Vrlo brzo leti i dobro pliva. Gnijezdi se na skrivenim mjestima, najčešće uz
obale. Ţenka snese 6-10 jaja na kojima leţi oko mjesec dana, a o mladima se brinu
oba roditelja. Divlja patka je stanarica.
The most common and largest dubbling duck (55-62 cm) of the region. The males are
easily recognized by dark green head and neck, white collar and distinctly yellow
beak. The females havebrown-speckled plumage. It inhabits the densely vegetated
riverbanks, lakes, ponds and swamps, and it can be often seen in artificial lakes in
parks. It feeds on aquatic plants, as well as a variety of insects, fish and frogs. It flies
fast and swims well. The Mallard nests in hidden places, mostly along the waterside.
The female lays 6-10 eggs which she incubates for about a month, while both
parents care for the chicks. It is a resident species in the region.

11. Ardea cinerea
Siva čaplja
Grey Heron
Siva čaplja je najrasprostranjenija i najveća čaplja na našim prostorima, visoka 90-100
cm, sa rasponom krila od 175-195 cm. Svijetlosive je boje, a u letu su dobro vidljiva
crna pera na vrhovima krila. Dok leti, drţi vrat savijen i sporo zamahuje krilima. Kod
nas je redovna gnjezdarica i nastanjuje močvare, jezera i obale rijeka zarasle trskom.
Gnijezdi se u kolonijama, na drveću ili u gustom grmlju, a ţenka polaţe 3-5 jaja na
kojima leţi mjesec dana. O mladuncima se brinu oba roditelja. Hrani se ribama,
ţabama, insektima i drugim malim ţivotinjama. Kada se stajaće vode zalede, sive
čaplje odlaze do najbliţe rijeke i tamo provode zimu.
Grey Heron is the most widespread and largest (90-100
cm) heron in the region, with a wingspan of 175-195 cm.
It is a light gray bird, with black feathers clearly visible on
the wing tips in flight. While flying, it holds its long neck
retracted. It is a regular breeder in the area, inhabiting
swamps, lakes and river banks overgrown with reeds. It
nests in colonies, in trees or thick bush, where the female
lays 3-5 eggs which she incubates for month. Both
parents care for the chicks. Grey Heron feeds on fish,
frogs, insects and other small animals. When lakes and
swamps freeze, Grey Herons go to the nearest river and
spend the winter there.

12. Buteo buteo
Škanjac mišar
Common Buzzard
Najčešća grabljivica na našim prostorima. Boja perja varira od
tamnosmeđe do skoro potpuno bijele, pa se ova ptica najlakše
prepoznaje po zbijenom tijelu kada stoji i svjetlijem pojasu preko grudi i
velikim, blago uzdignutim krilima kada leti. Ĉesto se viđa na rubovima
šuma, kako stoji na ogradama i stubovima uz puteve ili polako kruţi
iznad poljoprivrednih površina, polja i livada. Hrani se uglavnom malim
sisarima, ali i gmizavcima, vodozemcima i insektima. Gnijezda gradi na
visokom drveću, obično četinarskom. Početkom proljeća snese
najčešće 3-4 jaja na kojima naizmjenično sjede i muţjak i ţenka, a ptići
se osamostaljuju nakon 40-ak dana. Škanjac je stanarica. U Bosni i
Hercegovini se nalazi na listi zakonom zaštićenih vrsta.
This is the most common raptor in the area. The plumage color
varies from dark brown to almost completely white, so this bird
is most easily recognized by compacted body when standing
and brighter band across the chest and large, slightly raised
wings when flying. It is often seen on forest edges, standing on
fences and columns along the roads or slowly circling above
the farmland, fields and meadows.
It feeds mainly on small mammals, but also reptiles, amphibians
and insects. It nests on tall trees, usually coniferous. In early
spring the female lays 3-4 eggs, which male helps incubating.
The chicks leave the nest after 40 days. The Common Buzzard is
a resident bird species in the area, and in Bosnia and
Herzegovina it is protected by Law.

13. Columba palumbus
Golub grivnjaš
Common Wood Pigeon
Golub grivnjaš se od ostalih golubova razlikuje po veličini (38-45 cm, raspon krila 70-80
cm), bijelim pjegama sa obje strane vrata i bijelim linijama na krilima, koje se jasno vide
u letu. Gnijezdi se u krošnjama stabala u šumama, parkovima i vrtovima, često u blizini
ceste ili rijeke. Obično polaţe dva jaja na kojima leţi 17-19 dana, a ptići se osamostaljuju
nakon 30 dana. Uglavnom se hrani mladim lišćem i voćem, a povremeno i insektima.
Na sjevernijim područjima je selica i viđa se između marta i oktobra, a na jugu se
zadrţava tokom cijele godine.
The Common Wood Pigeon is identified by its size (38-45 cm, wingspan 70-80 cm),
white spots on both sides of the neck and white lines on the wings, which are clearly
visible in flight. It nests in the trees in the forests, parks and gardens, often near roads or
rivers. It usually lays two eggs which it incubates for 17-19 days. The chicks leave the
nest after 30 days. It mainly feeds on young leaves and fruits, but it occasionally eats
insects as well. In the northern areas of the country this species is seen between
March and October, and in the south it is a resident.

14. Cuculus canorus
Kukavica
Common Cuckoo
Kukavica je ptica selica veličine goluba, dugih, šiljatih krila, sive boje i sa poprečnim
prugama na stomaku. Moţe se vidjeti kao tamni obris u brzom preletu preko polja do
najbliţeg drveća, a u proljeće se muţjaci glasaju zvonkim, prepoznatljivim zovom.
Kukavice su prilično česte na svim vrstama šumovitih i otvorenih staništa, od nizina do
planinskih obronaka. Ova vrsta ne gradi gnijezdo, nego svoja jaja podmeće u gnijezda
drugih ptica, najčešće malih pjevica. U jednoj sezoni snese oko 20 jaja. Hrani se
insektima, pa uništava veliki broj štetočina, zbog čega se nalazi na listi vrsta značajnih za
poljoprivredu i šumarstvo u Bosni i Hercegovini. Zimuje u Africi, juţno od Sahare.
Cuckoo is a pigeon-sized migratory bird with long, pointed wings, ash-grey upper parts
and dark-barred white belly. It can be see as a dark, streamlined shape flying quite fast
across fields between woodland, and in spring the males can be heard announcing their
presence by loud, characteristic sounds. Cuckoos are fairly common in all types of
terrain, in woodland and in open country right up to mountain slopes.
This bird does not make its' own nest, but plants their egg into the
nests of other species, mostly small passerines. It can lay up to 20
eggs in one season. The Cuckoo feeds on insects, including the
harmful ones, and that is why it is listed as a species of particular
importance for agriculture and forestry in Bosnia and
Herzegovina. It winters in Africa, south from Sahara.

15. Otus scops
Ćuk
Eurasian Scops Owl
Ćuk je mala sivkastosmeđa sova (19-21 cm, raspon krila
oko 50 cm) sa malim ušnim ćubama. Ima kratak rep i
krupne, ţute oči. Aktivan je noću, a danju spava skriven
u krošnji. Gnijezdi se u duplji na drvetu, u koju ţenka snese
3-4 jaja i na njima leţi oko 20 dana.
Mladunce, koji gnijezdo napuštaju nakon 40 dana, ali se i narednih 20-ak
zadrţavaju u blizini, hrane oba roditelja. Ćuk se uglavnom hrani krupnim
insektima, ali i vodozemcima, gmizavcima i malim sisarima. Naseljava
otvorena i poluotvorena staništa sa raštrkanim drvećem, prorijeđene šume,
parkove, voćnjake i vrtove. Selica je, u septembru odlazi na zimovanje u
zapadnu i istočnu Afriku, a vraća se krajem marta. U Bosni i Hercegovini ova
vrsta je zakonom zaštićena.
This is a small greyish-brown owl (19-21 cm, wingspan of about 50 cm) with small ear
tufts, short tail and large yellow eyes. It is largely nocturnal, and during the day it sleeps
hidden in the trees. It breeds in tree holes, in which the female lays 3-4 eggs and
incubates them for about 20 days. The chicks leave the nest after 40 days, but still
remain close to it for the next 20 days, to get the food from the parents. This owl mainly
feeds on large insects, but also amphibians, reptiles and small mammals. It inhabits
open and semi-open habitats with scattered trees, forests, parks, orchards and gardens.
It is migratory, wintering in western and eastern Africa, and returning to Europe by the
end of March. In Bosnia and Herzegovina, this species is protected by Law.

16. Strix aluco
Šumska sova
Tawny Owl
Šumska sova je svijetlosmeđa ili sivosmeđa ptica, sa velikom okruglom glavom i tamnim
očima, bez ušnih ćuba. Ţenke su veće i teţe od muţjaka. Ţivi u starim lišćarskim i
mješovitim šumama, ali se moţe naći i u blizini naselja. Gnijezdi se u dupljama starog
drveća kojeg je danas sve manje, pa rado prihvata kućice za gnijeţđenje. Stanarica je.
Ţenka snese 2-4 jaja na kojima sjedi 28-30 dana, dok je muţjak hrani. Ptići se
osamostaljuju poslije 28-35 dana. Hrani se uglavnom glodarima koji ţive u šumi, ali i
pticama, kišnim glistama i krupnim insektima. Šumska sova je zakonom zaštićena vrsta
u Bosni i Hercegovini.
.
Tawny Owl is a light brown or gray-brown bird with
large round head and dark eyes, with no ear tufts. The
females are larger and heavier than males. This owl
inhabits old deciduous and mixed forests, but can also
be found in the vicinity of the settlements. It nests in the
holes in old trees, and readily accepts the nestboxes. It
is a resident species. The female lays 2-4 eggs which
she incubates for 28-30 days, while the male feeds her.
The chicks leave the nest after 28-35 days. Tawny Owl
mainly feeds on rodents that live in the forest, but also
birds, earthworms and large insects. Tawny Owl is
protected species in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

17. Lanius collurio
Rusi svračak
Red-backed Shrike
Muţjak ima izraţenu crnu prugu preko očiju, sivo tjeme, crvenkastosmeđa leđa i krila i
crni rep sa bijelim perima na rubu. Ţenka je sa gornje strane smeđa, a po grudima
ima sitne polumjesečaste šare. Rusi svračak se najčešće viđa na otvorenim terenima
sa gustim grmljem i pojedinačnim drvećem, kao što su stari voćnjaci. Gnijezdo pravi u
gustom grmlju ili na drvetu, uz stablo. Hrani se uglavnom krupnim insektima, ali i
miševima i vodozemcima. Selica je. Rusi svračak se nalazi na listi vrsta značajnih za
poljoprivredu i šumarstvo u Bosni i Hercegovini.
Male has a distinctive black stripe through eyes, gray head,
reddish-brown back and wings and a black tail with white
feathers on the edge. The female has is brown upperparts
and buff and vermiculated underparts.
The Red-backed Shrike is usually seen in
open areas with dense shrubs and individual
trees, like the old orchards. It nests in the
thick bushes or in the trees, near the trunk. It
feeds mainly on large insects, but also mice
and amphibians. It is migratory, and listed as
a species of importance for agriculture and
forestry in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

18. Garrulus glandarius
Šojka
Eurasian Jay
Šojka je ruţičastosmeđa ptica sa crnim repom i upadljivim svijetloplavim perima na
krilima. Ţivi u lišćarskim i mješovitim šumama, voćnjacima i parkovima. Hrani se
malim gmizavcima, insektima, sjemenkama i plodovima. Ĉesto skuplja ţireve i
zakopava ih u zemlju, čime ima vaţnu ulogu u uspostavljanju i razvijanju hrastovih šuma.
Gnijezdi se na drveću ili velikom grmlju. Ţenka snese 4-6 jaja iz kojih se nakon 16-19
dana izlegu ptići o kojima se brinu oba roditelja. Stanarica je.
This is a pinkish brown bird with a black
tail and striking bright blue feathers on
the wings. It inhabits decidous and
mixed forests, orchards and parks and
feeds on small lizards, insects, seeds
and fruits. The Jays often collect
acorns and bury them in the ground,
which plays an important role in the
establishment and development of
oak forests. This species nests in trees or
large shrubs. The female lays 4-6 eggs
which hatch after 16-19 days. Both
parents care for the chicks. The Jay is
a resident species.

19. Pica pica
Svraka
Eurasian Magpie
Svraka se lako prepoznaje po bijelim krilima i trbuhu, crnim leđima i gornjem dijelu
grudi i dugom, crnom repu. Ĉesta je na terenima sa pojedinačnim drvećem i
ţbunjem, od gradskih parkova, preko voćnjaka, do njiva. Na vrhu visokog drveća
pravi gnijezdo u koje u proljeće ţenka snese 5-8 jaja na kojima leţi oko 20 dana.
Za mlade se brinu oba roditelja. Hrani se insektima, malim kičmenjacima,
sjemenkama i raznim plodovima. Svraka je ptica stanarica.
The Magpie is easily recognized by white wings and
belly, black back and upper chest and long, black
tail. It is fairly common on areas with solitary trees
and shrubs, from city parks, orchards, to the
agricultural land. It builds its nest on top of tall trees.
In spring, the female lays 5-8 spring eggs, which she
incubates about 20 days. Both parents care
for the young. This bird feeds on insects, small
vertebrates, seeds and various fruits. The Magpie is
a resident bird species.

20. Corvus cornix
Siva vrana
Hooded Crow
Ova ptica je lako prepoznatljiva po sivom tijelu, crnoj glavi, krilima i repu. Ţivi na
otvorenim područjima sa grmljem i drvećem, parkovima i drvoredima. Hrani se
raznim sitnim ţivotinjama, insektima, jajima drugih ptica, sjemenkama i plodovima.
Na drveću gradi gnijezda u koja početkom proljeća ţenka snese 4-6 jaja, a za
mlade se brinu oba roditelja. Ĉesto se viđa kako leti pojedinačno ili u rijetkim
jatima. Siva vrana je ptica stanarica.
This bird is easily recognizable by its gray body,
black head, wings and tail. It lives in open
areas with shrubs and trees, parks and alleys.
The Hooded Crow feeds on a variety of small
animals, insects, other birds’ eggs, seeds and
fruits. It builds nests in trees, and in early spring
the female lays 4-6 eggs. Both parents care for
the chicks. The Hooded Crow is a resident bird,
often seen flying singly or in smaller flocks.

21. Corvus corax
Gavran
Common Raven
Gavran je krupna ptica (duţina oko 65 cm, raspon krila 120-140 cm), crne boje i
veoma snaţnog kljuna. U letu se od grabljivica razlikuje po klinastom obliku repa, a
još lakše po glasnom zvuku koji ispušta. Stanarica je, ţivi po obroncima brda i planina
i gnijezdi se na stijenama ili stablima. Na 4-6 jaja preteţno leţi ţenka, a o ptićima se
brinu oba roditelja. Hrani se sjemenkama, malim sisarima, jajima drugih ptica, ali i
strvinama. U Bosni i Hercegovini gavran je zakonom zaštićena vrsta.
Common Raven is a large all-black bird (lenght about 65 cm,
wingspan of 120-140 cm), with prominent, slightly curved beak. In
flight, it can be distinguished from the birds of prey by a wedge-shaped
tail, and even more easily by loud calls. This is a resident
bird species, which inhabits the slopes of hills and mountains, and
nests on cliffs and tall trees.
The female incubates 4-6 eggs
by herself, but both parents
care for the chicks. Common
Raven feeds on seeds, small
mammals, eggs of other birds
and carrion. In Bosnia and
Herzegovina, this species is
protected by Law.

22. Galerida cristata
Ćubasta ševa
Crested Lark
Ćubasta ševa na leđima i krilima ima tamnosivo perje sa smeđim prugama, a donja
strana tijela joj je bijele boje. Prepoznaje se po ćubi na vrhu glave i kratkom repu sa
ţutosmeđim rubovima. Obično pjeva dok stoji na tlu ili nekoj ogradi. Hrani se
sjemenkama i insektima. Ţivi na otvorenim suhim livadama sa niskim rastinjem, ali se
sreće i na rubovima šuma, uz puteve i u gradovima. Ţenka gradi gnijezdo na tlu, u
niskoj travi i plićim udubljenjima i u njega polaţe 2-5 jaja, na kojima sjedi 11-14 dana.
Selica je. Ova ptica se nalazi na listi vrsta značajnih za poljoprivredu i šumarstvo u
Bosni i Hercegovini.
Crested lark is a small, spotted greyish-brown bird which has a
short tail with lightbrown outer feathers and white underparts.
It is recognizable by the distinct crest. It usually sings while
standing on the ground or a fence. It feeds on seeds and
insects. The Crested Lark is a migratory bird, which lives in
open dry meadows with low vegetation, but it can also be
found on forest edges, along the roads and in settlements.
The female builds a nest on the ground, in short grass and
shallow holes and lays 2-5 eggs, which she incubates for 11-14
days. This bird is listed as a species of particular importance
for agriculture and forestry in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

23. Hirundo rustica
Lastavica
Barn Swallow
Lastavica je mala ptica sa crnim leđima plavkastog odsjaja, riđim grlom i čelom
i bijelim trbuhom. Dok leti, moţe izgledati potpuno crna - najlakše se prepoznaje po
dugom, rašljastom repu. Ţivi u blizini naselja, češće na selu nego u gradovima.
Gnijezdo gradi od blata, najčešće na izbočinama na zidovima i stijenama. U maju
ţenka snese 4-6 jaja iz kojih se nakon 12-17 dana izlegu mladi o kojima se brinu oba
roditelja. Hrani se uglavnom letećim insektima. Selica je, a u Bosni i Hercegovini se
moţe vidjeti od marta do oktobra. Lastavica se nalazi na listi vrsta značajnih za
poljoprivredu i šumarstvo.
Barn Swallow is a small bird with dark back
glittering with blue, rust-coloured throat, white
belly. When it flies, it can look totally black – it’s
easiest to recognize by its long forked tail. It lives
near settlements, more commonly in villages than
in cities. Swallows build nests of mud, mostly on
ridges on rocks and walls. In May, the female lays
4-6 eggs which she incubates for 12-17 days. Both
parents care for the chicks. The Barn Swallow
feeds mostly on flying insects. It is a migratory
species, which in Bosnia and Herzegovina can be
seen between March and October, and is listed
as a species of particular importance for
agriculture and forestry.

24. Periparus ater
Jelova sjenica
Coal Tit
Jelova sjenica je manja od vrapca (duţine 10-11 cm), ima crnu glavu sa bijelim
obrazima, bijele pjege na potiljku, blijedoţućkast trbuh i dvostruke bijele pruge
na krilima. Naseljava četinarske i mješovite šume. Hrani se insektima, paucima,
sjemenkama i voćem. Gnijezdo pravi u šupljinama stijena, dupljama u drveću,
pod korijenjem. Godišnje ima 1-2 legla sa 6-8 jaja. Stanarica je. Jelova sjenica se
nalazi listi vrsta značajnih za poljoprivredu i šumarstvo u Bosni i Hercegovini.
Coal Tit is smaller than a sparrow (10-11 cm in
lenght), and recognizable by a black head with
white cheeks, white spot on the nape, whitish
underparts and double white stripes on the wings.
It inhabits coniferous and mixed forests and feeds
on insects, spiders, seeds and fruits. It builds its nest
in cavities in rocks, trees. It breeds once or twice
per year, and lays 6-8 eggs. Coal Tit is a resident
bird species, and can be found on the list of the
species important for agriculture and forestry in
Bosnia and Herzegovina.

25. Parus major
Velika sjenica
Great Tit
Od drugih sjenica se razlikuje po veličini (oko 14 cm) i širokoj crnoj liniji po sredini ţute
donje strane tijela. Glava i vrat su crni, sa bijelim obrazima, a gornja strana tijela je
maslinastozelena. Ĉesta je i brojna u svim vrstama šuma, parkovima i voćnjacima.
Gnijezdo pravi u dupljama drveća i jedna je od vrsta koje najradije prihvataju kućice
za gnijeţđenje. Ţenka snese 5-9 jaja, a mladunce hrane oba roditelja. Hrani se raznim
vrstama insekata i sjemenkama. Velika sjenica je stanarica. Nalazi se listi vrsta
značajnih za poljoprivredu i šumarstvo u Bosni i Hercegovini.
This tit is easily recognizable by its size
(length about 14 cm), and broad black
mid-line stripe on the yellow chest. The
head and neck are black, cheeks are
white, and the upperparts are olive green.
It is common and numerous bird in all
types of forests, parks and orchards. It
nests in cavities in hollow trees and is one
of the species which readily accepts the
nestboxes. The female lays 5-9 eggs and
both parents care for the chicks. It feeds
on various insects and seeds. Great Tit is a
resident species and is mentioned on the
list of species important for agriculture and
forestry in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

26. Cyanistes caeruleus
Plava sjenica
Blue Tit
Ova mala ptica se prepoznaje po ţutom trbuhu, plavim krilima, gornjem dijelu glave i
repu. Ĉesta je u lišćarskim šumama, voćnjacima i parkovima. Hrani se insektima,
paucima i sjemenkama. Gnijezdi se u dupljama drveća i pukotinama stijena, pa rado
naseljava kućice za ptice. Nese 6-12 jaja, a mlade hrane oba roditelja. Stanarica je.
Plava sjenica se nalazi na listi vrsta značajnih za poljoprivredu i šumarstvo u Bosni i
Hercegovini.
This small bird is identified by yellow
belly, blue wings, top of the head and
tail. It is fairly common in deciduous
forests, orchards and parks. It feeds on
insects, spiders and seeds. Blue Tit nests
in hollow trees and rock crevices, and it
readily accepts the birdhouses. The
female lays 6-12 eggs, and both parents
care for the chicks. It is a resident
species and is mentioned on the list of
species important for agriculture and
forestry in Bosnia and Herzegovina

27. Sitta europaea
Brgljez
Eurasian Nuthatch
Brgljez ima plavo-siva leđa, ruţičastonarandţastu donju stranu tijela, bijeli vrat i izraţenu
dugu crnu prugu preko oka. Viđa se u bjelogoričnim i miješanim šumama, parkovima i
vrtovima, kako naglavce silazi niz deblo. Gnijezdi se u šupljem drveću, često u starim
rupama djetlića, na kojima smanjuje ulaz oblijepivši ga blatom. Ţenka polaţe 6-9 jaja, na
kojima leţi 13-18 dana, a o mladuncima se brinu oba roditelja. Hrani se uglavnom
insektima, a tokom jeseni i zime i sjemenkama i orašastim plodovima. Stanarica je.
Brgljez se nalazi na listi vrsta značajnih za poljoprivredu i šumarstvo u Bosni i Hercegovini.
This bird has a blue-gray upperparts, pink-orange
underparts, white neck and a
distinctive long black eye-stripe. It can be
seen in deciduous and mixed forests, parks
and gardens, as it descends the tree head-first.
It nests in hollow trees, often in old
woodpecker holes, which it plasters with mud
to make the entrance smaller. The female lays
6-9 eggs, and incubates them for 13-18 days.
Both parents care for the chicks. Nuthatch
mainly feeds on insects, but during fall and
winter it also eats nuts and various seeds. It is a
resident species and is mentioned on the list of
species important for agriculture and forestry
in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

28. Phylloscopus collybita
Zviždak
Common Chiffchaff
Ova neupadljiva ptičica ima maslinastosmeđe perje sa gornje, a prljavobijelo sa
donje strane tijela. Najlakše se prepoznaje po karakterističnoj, monotonoj pjesmi.
Ţivi u šumama, šibljacima i većim parkovima. Selica je, ali se u vrijeme blaţih zima
zadrţava tokom cijele godine. Zviţdak se nalazi na listi vrsta značajnih za
poljoprivredu i šumarstvo u Bosni i Hercegovini.
This warbler has brown-washed dull green
upperparts and off-white underparts becoming
yellowish on the flanks. It is most easily
recognizable by its simple, distinctive song. It lives
in forests, thickets and large parks. The Common
Chiffchaff is migratory, but during milder winters it
remains in the area throughout the year. This
species is listed ad of particular importance for
agriculture and forestry in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

29. Sylvia atricapilla
Crnokapa grmuša
Eurasian Blackcap
Siva ptičica veličine vrapca, muţjak ima crnu, a ţenka riđu kapu. Susreće se u
šumama, šibljacima, parkovima sa razvijenim spratom grmlja u kojem ţenka pravi
gnijezdo i snese 4-6 jaja na kojima naizmjenično leţe i muţjak i ţenka. Hrani se
insektima, malim puţevima i različitim bobicama. Selica je. Crnokapa grmuša se
nalazi na listi značajnih za poljoprivredu i šumarstvo u Bosni i Hercegovini.
.
It is a gray, sparrow-sized bird. Both sexes have a neat coloured cap to the head,
black in the male and reddish-brown in the female. It can be seen in forests, thickets,
parks with lost of bushes, where the female constructs the nest and lays 4-6 eggs,
which are incubated by both parents. It feeds on insects, small snails and various
berries. Eurasian Blackcap is a migratory bird species, and can be found on the list of
species important for agriculture and forestry in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
.

30. Erithacus rubecula
Crvendać
European Robin
Ova maslinastosiva ptičica se prepoznaje po narandţastoj boji na prsima i čelu. Ţivi u
vrtovima, parkovima, bjelogoričnim i miješanim šumama. Gnijezdo pravi blizu tla, u
natrulim panjevima, među korijenjem, u mahovini, ali i u dupljama na drveću, pa rado
prihvata kućice za gnijeţđenje. Obično ima dva legla sa po 4- 6 mladunaca koje hrane
oba roditelja. Crvendaći se hrane insektima, malim puţevima i bobicama, a u vrijeme
prehranjivanja mladunaca hvataju velike količine različitih insekata i njihovih larvi, pa se
moţe reći da u tom periodu predstavljaju prave „čistače“ šuma i parkova od raznih
štetočina. Zbog toga se nalaze na listi vrsta značajnih za poljoprivredu i šumarstvo u
Bosni i Hercegovini. Crvendać je stanarica.
This brownish, olive-tinged bird is recognizable by
orange breast and face. It inhabits gardens,
parks, deciduous and mixed forests, and
constructs the nest near the ground, in rotting
stumps, among roots and the moss, but also in
hollows in trees, so it readily accepts the
birdhouses. It usually has two clutches with 4-6
chicks that both parents care for. Robins eat
insects, small snails and berries, and during the
period of feeding the chicks they catch large
quantities of various insects and larvae, so it can
be said that they are the real "cleaners" of forests
and parks from various pests. Therefore, it is
mentioned on the list of species important for
agriculture and forestry in Bosnia and
Herzegovina. Robin is a resident species.

31. Phoenicurus ochruros
Mrka crvenrepka
Black Redstart
Muţjak je crn sa bijelim perima na krilima, a ţenka prljavosiva; pripadnici oba spola
imaju rđastocrveni rep. Veoma je aktivna i stalno u pokretu. Naseljava planinske
predjele sa kamenjarima i stijenama, ali se moţe susresti i u gradovima. U maju ţenka
snese 5-7 jaja, na kojima leţi naizmjenično sa muţjakom. Hrani se uglavnom insektima,
preteţno muhama i leptirima, a rijetko sleti i na tlo da pokupi zrele bobice. Ova ptica
je stanarica, a nalazi se na listi vrsta značajnih za poljoprivredu i šumarstvo.
The male is black with white feathers on the wings, and the female is grey, both sexes
have the orenge-red lower rump and tail. It is a very active bird, constantly on the
move. It inhabits stony grounds in mountains, but can also be seen in the cities. In
May, the female lays 5-7 eggs, which both parents incubate.
It feeds on insects, mainly flies
and butterflies, but seldom it
lands on the ground to pick
the ripe berries. This bird is a
resident, and is on the list of
species important for
agriculture and forestry.

32. Turdus merula
Kos
Common Blackbird
Muţjak je potpuno crn, sa narandţastoţutim kljunom, a ţenka neupadljiva,
sivkastosmeđa, sa bjeličastim mrljama na grlu. Naseljava šume i livade sa raštrkanim
ţbunjem, posebno u blizini vodotoka, a čest je i u parkovima i vrtovima. Gnijezdo
uglavnom pravi ţenka, na niskom drveću ili u ţbunju. Kos se najviše hrani insektima i
glistama, koje kljunom izvlači iz zemlje, jede i koštunjičavo voće, a zimi sitne bobice i
sjemenke koje ostaju na granama. Nalazi se na listo vrsta značajnih za poljoprivredu i
šumarstvo u Bosni i Hercegovini. Muţjaci se često viđaju kako pjevaju sa vrha nekog
visokog drveta, obično u zoru i sumrak. Stanarica je.
The male has glossy black plumage and an orange-yellow beak, the
female is sooty-brown, with whitish patches on the throat. Common
Blackbird inhabits forests and meadows with scattered shrubs, especially
near streams, and is very common in parks and gardens. The nest is
mainly constructed by the female, on the low trees or in bushes. This bird
mostly feeds on insects and earthworms, which it draws from the ground
using its beak, but it also eatsnuts, and during the winter small berries and
seeds that remain on the branches.
It is on the list of species important
for agriculture and forestry in
Bosnia and Herzegovina. The
males are often seen singing from
the top of a tall tree, usually at
dawn and dusk. This is a resident
species.

33. Sturnus vulgaris
Ĉvorak
Common Starling
Ĉvorak ima kratak rep i dug, zašiljen kljun, a boja perja mu se mijenja tokom godine:
prevladava crno-smeđa, a u proljeće muţjaci dobivaju sjajno zeleno-ljubičasto perje sa
bijelim tačkama. Ţivi u šumarcima i rubovima šuma, parkovima, drvoredima, vrtovima i
voćnjacima. Hrani se insektima, kišnim glistama, puţevima i raznim voćem. Gnijezda
gradi u dupljama drveća, pukotinama u stijenama ili zidovima, a veoma rado prihvata
kućice za gnijeţđenje. Ĉvorci su izraţeno društvene ptice, i tokom cijele godine se
viđaju u grupama ili vrlo velikim jatima. Selica je. Nalazi se na listi vrsta značajnih za
poljoprivredu i šumarstvo u Bosni i Hercegovini.
Starling has a short tail and a long, sharp beak. The plumage is brown or black,
speckled with white, and in spring in males it becomes iridescent black, glossed
purple or green. It inhabits forests and forest edges, parks, parkways, gardens and
orchards and feeds on insects, earthworms, snails and various fruits.
Common Starling constructs its nests in
hollow trees, crevices in rocks or walls, and
readily accepts the birdhouses. Starlings are
very social birds, and throughout the year
they can be seen in groups or very large
flocks. It is a migratory species, and is on the
list of species important for agriculture and
forestry in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

34. Motacilla alba
Bijela pastirica
White Wagtail
Ova ptica sa veće udaljenosti izgleda gotovo jednolično siva, ali se izbliza jasno vidi
bijeli trbuh, crno grlo, tjeme i dugi rep kojim neprekidno trza gore-dolje. Susreće se na
poljima i oranicama, rubovima naselja sa pašnjacima i uz obale jezera i rijeka. Hrani se
mušicama, vilinim konjicima i drugim insektima. Gnijezdo pravi na drveću, pod
krovovima ili u grmlju. Roditelji se brinu o mladima i nakon što napuste gnijezdo, još
neko vrijeme ih hrane. Bijela pastirica je stanarica, a u Bosni i Hercegovini se nalazi na
listi vrsta značajnih za poljoprivredu i šumarstvo.
From a distance, this slender bird may appear almost uniformly gray, but
when we look closely, we can clearly see the white belly, black throat,
crown and long tail which constantly wagging. It can be seen in the fields
and arable lands, near settlements, in pastures and along the shores of
lakes and rivers. It feeds on flies, dragonflies and other insects. The nest is
constructed in trees, under the roofs or in the bushes. Parents care for the
chicks even after they leave the nest, feeding them for several more
weeks. White Wagtail is a resident, and is mentioned on the list of species
important for agriculture and forestry in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

35. Motacilla cinerea
Gorska pastirica
Grey Wagtail
Kao i bijela pastirica, i ova vrsta se sreće pored rijeka, brdskih i planinskih potoka.
Donji dio tijela je ţute, a gornji sivkaste boje. Prepoznatljiva je po stalnim trzajima
dugog repa. Hrani se insektima. Gnijezdi se uz obale, među korjenjem i stijenama, uz
vodotoke. Stanarica je. Gorska pastirica se Bosni i Hercegovini nalazi na listi vrsta
značajnih za poljoprivredu i šumarstvo.
Like the previous species, the Grey Wagtail can also be seen near the rivers and
streams in hilla and mountains. The underparts are white, with yellow restricted to the
throat and vent, and the upperparts are grayish. It is recognizable by the constant
wagging of its long tail. It feeds on insects and nests near the water, between roots
and rocks along streams. It is a resident species, and is mentioned in the list of species
important for agriculture and forestry in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

36. Fringilla coelebs
Zeba
Common Chaffinch
Zeba je ptica pjevica veličine vrapca: muţjak ima sivoplavo tjeme i
crvenkastosmeđe grudi, a ţenka je sivkastosmeđa. U letu se oba spola
prepoznaju po belim prugama na krilima. Ţivi u svim tipovima šuma,
parkovima, voćnjacima i vrtovima. Stanarica je. Hrani se različitim
sjemenkama i insektima. Gnijezdo pravi na drveću, na visini od 2-10 m.
Dva puta godišnje ţenka snese 4-6 jaja iz kojih se mladi izlegu
nakon 12-13 dana. Zeba se nalazi i na listi vrsta značajnih za
poljoprivredu i šumarstvo u Bosni i Hercegovini.
Common Chaffinch is a sparrow-sized songbird:
the male has a blue-grey cap and a rust-red
underparts, and the female is greyish, much
duller in color. Both sexes have two white wings-bars,
clearly visible in flight. It inhabits all types of
forests, parks, orchards and gardens. It is a
resident species and feeds on a variety of seeds
and insects. The nest is built in trees, at a height
of 2-10 m. Twice a year, the female lays 4-6 eggs
and incubetes them for 12-13 days. This bird is
listed as a species of importance for agriculture
and forestry in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

37. Chloris chloris
Zelendur
European Greenfinch
Zelendur se često viđa u većim parkovima, vrtovima, voćnjacima i na rubovima
šuma. Muţjak je ţućkastozelen, ţenka sivozelena, a na krilima i u osnovi repa
pripadnici oba spola imaju upadljivo ţuto perje. Gnijezdo pravi u gustim krošnjama
na visini od 2-5 m. Ţenka snese 5-6 jaja na kojima leţi 13-14 dana. O ptićima se brinu
oba roditelja. Ova ptica je stanarica i nalazi se na listi vrsta značajnih za poljoprivredu
i šumarstvo u Bosni i Hercegovini.
European Greenfinch is often seen in larger
parks, gardens, orchards, and forest edges.
The male is yellowish-green, female is duller,
with brown tones on the back, and both sexes
have yellow feathers in the wings and base of
the tail. It nests between thick tree branches,
at a height of 2-5 m. The female lays 5-6 eggs
and incubates them for 13-14 days, and both
parents care for the chicks. This bird is a
resident and is mentioned in the list of species
important for agriculture and forestry in Bosnia
and Herzegovina.

38. Passer domesticus
Vrabac
House Sparrow
Muţjak ima sivo tjeme, crvenosmeđe sljepoočnice i crno grlo, a ţenka je neupadljiva,
sivkastosmeđa, bez crnih i crvenosmeđih šara. Rijetko se udaljava od ljudskih naselja.
Gnijezdi se ispod oluka, na drveću, u udubljenim zidovima... Ţenka 2-3 puta godišnje
snese 3-6 jaja, iz kojih se nakon 10-14 dana izlegu ptići o kojima se brinu oba roditelja.
Hrani se insektima, sjemenkama na obrađenim poljima, ali i otpacima ljudske hrane.
Nalazi se na listi vrsta značajnih za poljoprivredu i šumarstvo. Vrabac je društvena
ptica, okuplja se u bučnim jatima. Izrazita je stanarica.
The male has a dark grey crown, reddish
back and grey underparts, and the
female is dull, greyish-brown. It is strongly
associated with human settlements and
breeds under the eaves, on trees, in
hollow walls ... It has 2-3 clutches per year,
with 3-6 eggs which are incubated for 10-
14 days. Both parents care for the chicks.
It feeds on insects, seeds on cultivated
fields, and various leftovers of human
food. The House Sparrow is on the list of
species important for agriculture and
forestry in Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is a
very social bird, and often gathers in noisy
flocks. It is a resident species.

39. ZAŠTITA PTICA NA KAMENOLOMU
RIBNICA
BIRD PROTECTION AT THE RIBNICA
QUARRY
 Fotografije/photographs: strana 4/page 4: Andrew Fogg –
Wikimedia Commons; strana 6/page 6: Anonymus (Google
search engine – birdhouses)
 Svi crteži ptica preuzeti iz/All drawings copied from
Beaman & Madge (2010): The Handbook for Bird
Identification for Europe and the Western Palearctic. A & C
Black, London
 Crteži sa stranice 7 preuzeti iz/Drawings on page 7 copied
from Tutiš (2008): Kućice za ptice. Javna ustanova za
upravljanje zaštićenim prirodnim vrijednostima Karlovačke
županije