Inheritance, types of inheritance,examples

1. Inheritance : Multiple and
Selective Inheritance
Presented by:
Prativa Marasini
Roll no: 24

2. Inheritance
◆ It is the capability of one class to inherit or acquire properties
from anotherclass.
◆ A class that inherits or derives attributesfrom anotherclass is
known as derived class.
◆ A class from which the attributesare derived is known as base
class.
◆ The base class is actuallya superclass and the derived class is a
subclass.
◆ So in simple terms, inheritancemeans deriving qualityand
characteristics from parent or ancestors.
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3. ◆ Inheritancemakes the code reusable.
◆ Reduces redundantcode.
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4. Types of inheritance:
◆ Single inheritance
◆ Multiple inheritance
◆ Multilevel inheritance
◆ Selective inheritance
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5. 1. Single inheritance
◆ Consists of single base class and single derived class.
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Parent class/base class
Child class/derived class
Fig: single inheritance

6. 2. Multiple inheritance
◆ It is the feature of object oriented programming in which an
object or class inherit characteristicsand features from more than
one parent class or object.
Fig: Multipleinheritance
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7. Contd..
◆ It allows us to combine the features of several existing classes.
◆ Eg: A child can inherit the characterof his both father and
mother.
◆ It differs from single inheritancepropertywhich allows an object
or class to inherit from one specific class or object.
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8. Syntax:
Class base_class1{
Properties;
};
Class base_class2{
Properties;
};
Class derived_class: visibilitymode base_class1,visibilitymode
base_class2{
Properties;
};
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9. Some examples:
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Mammal
Bat
WingedAnimal
Voicemail
MailPhone

10. Ambiguity in multiple inheritance
◆ The conflict arises in multiple inheritancewhen the super classes
containsthe same attributesor method.
Solution:
• Includeboth attributes/methodand use the name of super class as
qualifier.
e.g: If bonusis attributeof both Manger and SalesStaff the subclass
SalesManager can inherit bonusfrom both, and qualify bonusin
SalesManager as either Manager.Bonus or SalesStaff.Bonus
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11. 11
Manager
SalesManager
SalesStaff
Bonus Bonus
• Disallow multiple inheritanceif ambiguity occurs.

12. 3. Multilevel inheritance
In it, a class inherits from a derived class making that derived class a
base class for a new class.
■ As per shown in diagram, Class C is the
subclass of Class B and Class B is the
subclass of Class A.
Fig: Multilevel inheritance12

13. 4. Selective Inheritance
◆ It allows a subclass to inherit only limited number of properties
from the superclass.
◆ EXCEPT clause may be used to list a function in a superclass that
are not to be inherited by the subclass.
◆ Eg:
◆ Selective inheritanceis not typically provided in object oriented
databasesystems.
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Person
Blind personSeeing person

14. Thank you
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