This paper discusses about life style of elderly population and their health conditions in Kerala and Andhra Pradesh by using census and NFHS-2 data. The variation in Age pattern in two states discussed and health conditions in terms of Morbidity and life style by observing their smoking, chewing habits has been studied.

1. 1 October 2021 Life Style of Elderly Population 1
Life Style of Elderly and its Impact on Health Condition
in Andhra Pradesh and Kerala
by
Prof. C.P Prakasam
c_prakasam@yahoo.com

2. 1 October 2021 Life Style of Elderly Population 2
Age Pyramid - INDIA (Excluding J&K) 1991
8.0 6.0 4.0 2.0 0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0
0-4
10-14
20-24
30-34
40-44
50-54
60-64
70-74
80+
Female
Male
Age Pyramid - INDIA 2001
8.0 6.0 4.0 2.0 0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0
0-4
5-9
10-14
15-19
20-24
25-29
30-34
35-39
40-44
45-49
50-54
55-59
60-64
65-69
70-74
75-79
80+
Female
Male

3. 1 October 2021 Life Style of Elderly Population 3
Age Pyramid Andhra Pradesh 1991
8.0 6.0 4.0 2.0 0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0
0-4
5-9
10-14
15-19
20-24
25-29
30-34
35-39
40-44
45-49
50-54
55-59
60-64
65-69
70-74
75-79
80+
Female
Male
Age Pyramid -Andhra Pradesh 2001
8.0 6.0 4.0 2.0 0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0
0-4
5-9
10-14
15-19
20-24
25-29
30-34
35-39
40-44
45-49
50-54
55-59
60-64
65-69
70-74
75-79
80+
Female
Male

4. 1 October 2021 Life Style of Elderly Population 4
Age Pyramid -Kerala 1991
6.0 4.0 2.0 0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0
0-4
10-14
20-24
30-34
40-44
50-54
60-64
70-74
80+
Female
Male
Age Pyramid -Kerala 2001
6.0 4.0 2.0 0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0
0-4
10-14
20-24
30-34
40-44
50-54
60-64
70-74
80+
Female
Male

5. 1 October 2021 Life Style of Elderly Population 5

6. 1 October 2021 Life Style of Elderly Population 6
Elderly Population - India, Andhra and Kerala (Census
2001)
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
3.50
60-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80+
Age group
Percentage
form
total
Population
INDIA
Andhra
Kerala

7. 1 October 2021 Life Style of Elderly Population 7
Proportion of dependent and working age
population - Census 1991-2001
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
70.00
1991 2001 1991 2001 1991 2001
0-14 years
15- 59 years
60+
Andhra Pradesh Kerala India

8. 1 October 2021 Life Style of Elderly Population 8
Table 1:Percent elder Population by Background Characteristics in Andhra Pradesh : NFHS-2
Background characteristics 60-69 Years 70-79 Years 80-89 Years Total
Sex No % No. % No. % No. %
Male 499 50.3 246 61.3 67 48.2 812 53.0
Female 493 49.7 155 38.7 72 51.8 720 47.0
Residence
Urban 228 23.0 82 20.4 32 23.0 342 22.3
Rural 764 77.0 319 79.6 107 77.0 1190 77.7
Marital Status
Currently married 624 62.9 226 56.4 57 41.0 907 59.2
Separated 2 0.2 2 0.1
Deserted/Divorced 7 0.7 1 0.2 8 0.5
Widowed 352 35.5 171 42.6 81 58.3 604 39.4
Never Married 7 0.7 3 0.7 1 0.7 11 0.7
Occupation
Non-working 558 56.3 293 73.1 119 85.6 970 63.3
Working 434 43.8 108 26.9 20 14.4 562 36.7
Contd..,

9. 1 October 2021 Life Style of Elderly Population 9
Table 1:Percent elder Population by Background Characteristics in Andhra Pradesh : NFHS-2
Background characteristics 60-69 Years 70-79 Years 80-89 Years Total
Education No. % No. % No. % No. %
Illiterate 694 70.0 294 73.3 117 84.2 1105 72.1
Literate 298 30.0 107 26.7 22 15.8 427 27.9
Religion
Hindu 875 88.2 356 88.8 130 93.5 1361 88.9
Muslim 65 6.6 22 5.5 6 4.3 93 6.1
Christian 52 5.2 23 5.7 3 2.2 78 5.1
SLI
Low 388 39.3 152 38.1 55 39.6 595 39.0
Medium 428 43.3 168 42.1 57 41.0 653 42.8
High 172 17.4 79 19.8 27 19.4 278 18.2
Relationship to Head of
Household
Head 506 51.0 217 54.1 51 36.7 774 50.5
Wife or Husband 158 15.9 20 5.0 2 1.4 180 11.7
Others 328 331 164 40.9 86 61.9 578 37.7

10. 1 October 2021 Life Style of Elderly Population 10
Table 2:Percent elder Population by Background Characteristics in Kerala : NFHS-2
Background characteristics 60-69 Years 70-79 Years 80-89 Years Total
Sex No. % No. % No. % No. %
Male 386 45.4 212 46.7 78 42.2 676 45.4
Female 465 54.6 242 53.3 107 57.8 814 54.6
Residence
Urban 268 31.5 135 29.7 43 23.2 446 29.9
Rural 583 68.5 319 70.3 142 76.8 1044 70.1
Marital Status
Currently married 566 66.5 248 54.6 59 31.9 873 58.6
Separated 1 0.1 3 0.7 4 0.3
Deserted/Divorced 1 0.1 2 0.4 4 2.2 7 0.5
Widowed 262 30.8 188 41.4 118 63.8 568 38.1
Never Married 21 2.5 13 2.9 4 2.2 38 2.6
Occupation
Non-working 669 78.6 403 88.8 180 97.3 1252 84.0
Working 182 21.4 51 11.2 5 2.7 238 16.0
Contd..,

11. 1 October 2021 Life Style of Elderly Population 11
Table 2:Percent elder Population by Background Characteristics in Kerala : NFHS-2
Background characteristics 60-69 Years 70-79 Years 80-89 Years Total
Education No. % No. % No. % No. %
Illiterate 283 33.3 152 33.5 78 42.2 513 34.4
Literate 568 66.7 302 66.5 107 57.8 977 65.6
Religion
Hindu 479 56.3 273 60.1 109 58.9 861 57.8
Muslim 201 23.6 97 21.4 29 15.7 327 21.9
Christian 171 20.1 84 18.5 47 25.4 302 20.3
SLI
Low 111 13.0 61 13.4 21 11.4 193 13.0
Medium 453 53.2 240 52.9 94 50.8 787 52.8
High 287 33.7 153 33.7 70 37.8 510 34.2
Relationship to Head of Household
Head 512 60.2 271 59.7 92 49.7 875 58.7
Wife or Husband 187 22.0 57 12.6 1 0.5 245 16.4
Others 152 17.9 126 27.8 92 49.7 370 24.8

12. 1 October 2021 Life Style of Elderly Population 12
Elderly population byLife style in Andhra Pradesh and
Kerala
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Chew
tobacco
Drink
Alcohol
smoke Smoked
regularly
Andhra Pradesh
Kerala

13. 1 October 2021 Life Style of Elderly Population 13
Morbiditypattern among elder population in Andhra
and Kerala
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Asthma TB Jaundice Malaria
Andhra Pradesh
Kerala

14. 1 October 2021 Life Style of Elderly Population 14
Table 3:Percent Elder Population by Morbidity in Andhra Pradesh
Life
Style
Asthma TB Malaria Jaundice
Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No
Chew
tobacco
Yes 40
(19.5)
235
(17.7)
3
(11.5)
272
(18.1)
23
(26.4)
252
(17.4)
2
(22.2)
273
(17.9)
No 165
(80.5)
1092
(82.3)
23
(88.5)
1234
(81.9)
64
(73.6)
1193
(82.6)
7
(77.8)
1250
(82.1)
Drink
alcohol
Yes 76
(37.1)
300
(22.6)
7
(26.9)
369
(24.5)
27
(31.0)
349
(24.2)
4
(44.4)
372
(24.4)
No 129
(62.9)
1027
(77.4)
19
(73.1)
1137
(75.5)
60
(69.0)
1096
(75.8)
5
(55.6)
1151
(75.6)
Smoke Yes 118
(57.6)
455
(34.3)
9
(34.6)
564
(37.5)
40
(46.0)
533
(36.9)
6
(66.7)
567
(37.2)
No 87
(42.4)
872
(65.7)
17
(65.4)
942
(62.5)
47
(54.0)
912
(63.1)
3
(33.3)
956
(62.8)

15. 1 October 2021 Life Style of Elderly Population 15
Table 4: Percent Elder Population by Morbidity in Kerala
Life Style Asthma TB Jaundice
Yes No Yes No Yes No
Chew tobacco Yes 87
(43.7)
381
(29.5)
4
(21.1)
464
(31.5)
2
(33.3)
466
(31.4)
No 112
(56.3)
910
(70.5)
15
(78.9)
1007
(68.5)
4
(66.7)
1018
(68.6)
Drink alcohol Yes 16
(8.0)
100
(7.7)
2
(10.5)
114
(7.7)
-- 116
(7.8)
No 183
(92.0)
1191
(92.3)
17
(89.5)
1357
(92.3)
6
(100.0)
1368
(92.2)
Smoke Yes 65
(32.7)
315
(24.4)
7
(36.8)
373
(25.4)
3
(50.0)
377
(25.4)
No 134
(67.3)
976
(75.6)
12
(63.2)
1098
(74.6)
3
(50.0)
1107
(74.6)

16. 1 October 2021 Life Style of Elderly Population 16
Life style by marital status of percent elderly
population in Andhra Pradesh
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Chew tobacco Drink alcohol Smoke
Currently married
Others
Life style by marital status of elderly population in
Kerala
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Chew tobacco Drink alcohol Smoke
Currently married
Others
Morbidity pattern by marital status of elder population
in Kerala
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Asthma TB Jaundice
Currently married
Others
Morbidity pattern by marital status of elder population
in Kerala
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Asthma TB Jaundice
Currently married
Others
NFHS-2 data

17. 1 October 2021 Life Style of Elderly Population 17
 Relative Risk: Incidence of disease among exposed
Incidence of disease among non-exposed
 Attributable Risk: Incidence of disease rate among non-
exposed
Incidence rate among exposed

18. 1 October 2021 Life Style of Elderly Population 18
Table 5 : Relative Risk and Attributable Risk of the Morbidity due to
Life Style in Andhra Pradesh and Kerala – NFHS-2 data .
Andhra Pradesh
Life style Asthma TB Jaundice Malaria
RR AR RR AR RR AR RR AR
Chew
tobacco
1.1 9.6 1.3 2.3 1.6 39
Drink
alcohol
1.8 45 1.1 12 2.5 59 1.4 28
Smoke 2.3 56 3.3 70 1.5 35
Kerala
Chew
tobacco
1.7 41 -- -- 1.0 8 -- --
Drink
alcohol
1.0 3 1.4 28 -- --
Smoke -- -- 1.6 40 2.8 65

19. 1 October 2021 Life Style of Elderly Population 19