This document summarizes the workings of an AC generator. It operates on the principle of electromagnetic induction whereby a coil rotating in a magnetic field generates an alternating current. The main components are a field magnet that produces a magnetic field, an armature coil that rotates in this field, slip rings that carry the current from the rotating coil, and brushes that transfer the current to an external circuit. As the coil cuts the magnetic flux, an EMF is induced based on Faraday's law of induction. The generator produces an alternating current as the direction of the induced EMF periodically reverses with each half rotation of the coil. Applications include charging batteries in vehicles, powering traction motors in diesel locomotives, and generating electricity on boats and

1. Electirical.Engg.Dept.
A Microproject On
AC (Alternating Current) Generator
Submitted By:- Roll No. 525
Piyush.S.Chaware Enrollment No. 2101380406
Guided By:- Prof. Mayur tamboli Sir

2. AC GENERATOR
• It is also called dynamo or alternator.
• It convert one form of energy into another
form ,i.e, Mechanical to Electrical energy.
• It operates through the interaction
between a magnetic field & coil.
• Its is work on the principle of
ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION.

3.  Principle
• The working of an A.C. generator is based on the principle of
“electromagnetic induction”.
• When a coil is rotated in a uniform magnetic field with its axis
perpendicular to the magnetic field
• The magnetic flux linked with the coil changes and an induced
emf and hence a current is set up in it.

4.  Components
• Field magnet.
• Armature.
• Slip ring.
• Brushes.
• Prime mover.

5.  Field magnet
• It is a powerful electromagnet or
permanent magnet.
• It produce strong magnetic field
the region between its pole.

6.  Armature
• It consists of a rectangular coil having
a large number of turns of insulated
copper wire wound on a soft iron
cylindrical core.
• It can be rotated in the magnetic field
of the filed magnet about an axis
perpendicular to field

7.  Slip ring
• Two end of armature coil are
connected to two coaxial brass ring
called slip ring.
• A slip ring are rigidly fixed to same
shaft which is used to rotate the coil.
• As the armature coil rotate the slip
rings also rotates about the same
axis of rotation.

8.  Brushes
• Two graphite or flexible metalic
rods called brushes are lightly
pressed against slip rings.
• Through brushes thecurrent
induced in the armature coil
is fed to the external circuit
by the means of line wires.

9.  Prime mover
• The prime mover is the
component that is used to drive
the AC generator.
• The prime mover may be any
type of rotating machine,such as
diesel engine, a steam turbine, or
a motor.

10.  Working
• The ac generator uses Faraday's laws of induction, it consists of
a coil of wire rotating a magnetic field. As the coil rotates it cuts
the magnetic flux generating an EMF, the EMF produced is given
by Faraday's law. The angle is changing at the angular frequency
ω.
• Therefore at a given moment in time the angle between the
normal to the area and the magnetic field lines will be ωt.
Therefore the flux linkage, φN will be BAN cos(ωt).
Differentiating cos(ωt) function with respect to time gives -ω
sin(ωt).

11. • Therefore, the EMF is given by
• The electrons flow first in one direction and then, in the
other. The generator produces an alternating current.

12.  Application
 Electric generators:
• Alternators are used
in modern
automobiles to charge
the battery and to
power the electrical
system when its
engine is running.

13.  Diesel electric locomotive alternators:
• Diesel electric locomotives and
diesel electric multiple units, the
prime mover turns an alternator
which provides electricity for
thetraction motors

14.  Marine alternators:
• Marine alternators used in
yachts are similar to automotive
alternators, with appropriate
adaptations to the salt-water
environment.

15. Thank you! e