CASE 1 Pre-Internet Development and Web 1.0 Assignment Overview As we said earlier, the development of the Internet involved a considerable period of more-or-less parallel evolution of a number of technologies and organizations. But like any process of social evolution, some events were more important than others in terms of influencing where we are today. Your task in this project is to identify some of those key turning points. There are a lot of tools to help you. One of the most useful is “Hobbes’ Internet Timeline” found at http://www.zakon.org/robert/internet/timeline/ , a compilation of key events in Internet evolution dating back to the 1950s. You should also be prepared to consult some of the readings and other resources suggested in the Background page as useful sources of information. Your aim is to get a picture clear in your mind about how the different threads of the Internet got woven together. Case Assignment For this assignment, write a 3- to 4-page paper that addresses the following question: Identify what you consider to be the five most important and/or significant events contributing to the evolution of the modern Internet that occurred in the period 1800–1991. Provide a few paragraphs explaining why you consider each event to be one of the most important Internet-related milestones. Be sure to cite any resources that you used. The fifth and last event in your catalog should be the following, from Hobbes’ 1991 listing: World-Wide Web (WWW) released by CERN ; Tim Berners-Lee developer (:pb1:). First Web server is nxoc01.cern.ch, launched in Nov 1990 and later renamed info.cern.ch. Many of the events you choose will be listed in the Hobbes timeline, but it is not the only source you will want to draw on. Be sure to include examples of 1) technological developments and 2) social/organizational events in your listing. Assignment Expectations Your paper should be 3–4 pages in length and reflect your personal experiences with the timeline. The important part of the project assignments is to carefully assess your own experiences with the topic, and then reflect critically on what you might have learned about yourself and about situations through this assessment process. The more you can use the exercise to develop personal implications for your growth as a potential businessperson as well as an Internet-savvy individual, the more value you will get out of the exercise. SLP 1 Pre-Internet Development and Web 1.0 Your SLP assignment is to consider the great dot-com boom and bust and to understand its influence on the Internet of today. The dot-com bubble was the major watershed in the brief history of the Internet. There is certainly no shortage of material describing this significant set of events. Probably the best place to begin for an overview is the following video: CWnEconomy. (2012, February 24). Dot-com bubble documentary. [Video file]. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W2FybpdrlYM Here are two other good.

1. CASE 1
Pre-Internet Development and Web 1.0
Assignment Overview
As we said earlier, the development of the Internet involved a
considerable period of more-or-less parallel evolution of a
number of technologies and organizations. But like any process
of social evolution, some events were more important than
others in terms of influencing where we are today. Your task in
this project is to identify some of those key turning points.
There are a lot of tools to help you. One of the most useful is
“Hobbes’ Internet Timeline” found at
http://www.zakon.org/robert/internet/timeline/
, a compilation of key events in Internet evolution dating back
to the 1950s. You should also be prepared to consult some of
the readings and other resources suggested in the Background
page as useful sources of information. Your aim is to get a
picture clear in your mind about how the different threads of the
Internet got woven together.
Case Assignment
For this assignment, write a 3- to 4-page paper that addresses
the following question:
Identify what you consider to be the five most important and/or
significant events contributing to the evolution of the modern
Internet that occurred in the period 1800–1991.
Provide a few paragraphs explaining why you consider each
event to be one of the most important Internet-related
milestones. Be sure to cite any resources that you used. The
fifth and last event in your catalog should be the following,
from Hobbes’ 1991 listing:
World-Wide Web (WWW) released by
CERN
; Tim Berners-Lee developer (:pb1:). First Web server is
nxoc01.cern.ch, launched in Nov 1990 and later renamed
info.cern.ch.
Many of the events you choose will be listed in the Hobbes

2. timeline, but it is not the only source you will want to draw on.
Be sure to include examples of 1) technological developments
and 2) social/organizational events in your listing.
Assignment Expectations
Your paper should be 3–4 pages in length and reflect your
personal experiences with the timeline.
The
important part of the project assignments is to carefully assess
your own experiences with the topic, and then reflect critically
on what you might have learned
about yourself and about situations through this assessment
process.
The more you can use the exercise to develop personal
implications for your growth as a potential businessperson as
well as an Internet-savvy individual, the more value you will
get out of the exercise.
SLP 1
Pre-Internet Development and Web 1.0
Your SLP assignment is to consider the great dot-com boom and
bust and to understand its influence on the Internet of today.
The dot-com bubble was the major watershed in the brief
history of the Internet.
There is certainly no shortage of material describing this
significant set of events. Probably the best place to begin for an
overview is the following video:
CWnEconomy. (2012, February 24). Dot-com bubble
documentary. [Video file]. Retrieved from
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W2FybpdrlYM
Here are two other good sources tracing these events:
Norwood, J. (2011). History of the Internet timeline.
High Speed Internet.
Retrieved from
http://www.high-speed-internet-access-
guide.com/articles/internet-timeline.html
WiseGeek. (2012). What was the dot-com bubble? Retrieved

3. from
http://www.wisegeek.com/what-was-the-dot-com-bubble.htm
The Background page lists a number of other possible sources;
in addition, the general resources listed in the syllabus and
under Module 1 are worth consulting in many cases. Finally,
you are encouraged to do your own independent research on the
Internet itself; Google can deliver to you in seconds vast
quantities of information. Try not to drown in it, however.
Optional Reading
Kehoe, B. (1992). Zen and the Art of the Internet: A Beginner’s
Guide to the Internet. First Edition. Retrieved from
http://www.cs.indiana.edu/docproject/zen/zen-1.0_toc.html
Spirecast Team. (2009). History of e-commerce. Retrieved from
Spirecast:
http://www.spirecast.com/history-of-e-commerce/
SLP 1 Assignment
After you have reviewed some of the sources about the bubble
and have a good feel for it, you will be in a position to write a
short (3- to 4-page) paper on the topic:
The Major Effects of the “Dot-Com Bubble Burst” on the
Internet of Today
. You are expected to address the following questions in your
paper:
What are the positive and negative effects of the dot-com
bubble burst on the Internet of today?
What lessons were learned from the dot-com bubble burst? What
is your conclusion about the major effects of the dot-com
bubble burst on the current Internet?
SLP 1 Assignment Expectations
Your paper should be 3–4 pages long. Take a definite stand on
the issues, and develop your supporting argument carefully.
Using material from the background information and any other
sources you can find to support specific points in your argument
is highly recommended; try to avoid making assertions for
which you can find no support other than your own opinion.
Provide proper citations for any material you reference from

4. other sources. Follow the
Student Guide to Writing a High-Quality Academic Paper
for help in structuring and developing your paper.
You will be particularly assessed on:
Your ability to see what the module is all about and to structure
your paper accordingly.
Your informed commentary and analysis—simply repeating
what your sources say does not constitute an adequate paper.
Your ability to draw on a range of sources and to establish your
understanding of the historical context of the question.
CASE 2
Web 2.0: 2001–Present
Assignment Overview
It is a truism in the study of human technology that any tool
that gets the public’s attention will eventually be used for
purposes entirely unforeseen by its inventor(s) and probably
contrary to the general public interest. This has certainly been
the case with information technologies and the Internet. E-mail
is great, but spam is not. Online video of the grandkids is
wonderful; online pornography accessible to little Johnny, not
so much. Despite much breast beating, it is difficult to have the
good without the bad—and even differentiating the good from
the bad is often a matter of opinion. As
Miles’ Law
says, “Where you stand depends upon where you sit.”
Recently, we have become so saturated with and dependent
upon social media such as Facebook and Twitter that we have
not always noticed the potential “dark side”—most specifically,
the ability to use these tools not only to connect individuals in
cyberspace but also to mobilize groups for action in the real
world. One example is the “flash mob”—defined most generally
as a group of people voluntarily assembled at a particular place
and time for a particular purpose, coordinated through shared
access to social media. This is not altogether a new invention—
the telephone and, before that, the telegraph or even a good
strong voice have been tools for assembling flash mobs in the

5. past. But what has been recently discovered is how easy it is
using modern social media, and how effective such mobs can
be.
As we said, whether or not you consider this to be a good
development or a bad development depends a lot on how you
evaluate the purpose of the mob. Public assemblies to install
democracy in an authoritarian state sound pretty good;
assembling gang members to break windows and burn cars
would not strike most of us as all that great. Here is a sampling
of different points of view on this general subject:
Tavoulareas, E. (2011, August 22). Social media: The Jekyll &
Hyde of media?
Changemakers
. Retrieved from
http://www.changemakers.com/blog/social-media-jekyll-hyde-
media
Goodman, J. (2011, August 17). Debate over social media
incitement as flash mobs strike. The Lede: Blogging the News.
New York Times
. Retrieved from
http://thelede.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/08/17/debate-over-
social-media-incitement-as-flash-mobs-strike/
Brennan, E. (2011, August 19). Flash Mobs – The dark side of
social media revealed. Retrieved from
http://www.i-policy.org/2011/08/flash-mobs-the-dark-side-of-
social-media-revealed.html
Lum, R. (2011) Spreading the happiness one flash mob at a
time.
CreativeGuerillaMarketin
g. Retrieved from
http://www.creativeguerrillamarketing.com/guerrilla-
marketing/spreading-happiness-flash-mob-time/
Optional Reading
Kelly, L. (2011, March 22). Advertising with flash mobs.
JSNCafe
. Retrieved from

6. http://www.jsncafe.com/advertising-with-flash-mobs/
Heaney, F. (n.d.) The short life of flash mobs.
Stay Free!.
Retrieved from
http://www.alternet.org/story/26807/the_short_life_of_flash_mo
bs
The Economist. (2006, August 29). Shop affronts: Chinese
consumers are ganging up on their retailers. Retrieved from
http://www.economist.com/node/7121669/print?story_id=71216
69
The Brennan article is notable for a comment reaching new
levels of cluelessness, to wit:
“This is not what social media was designed to accomplish,”
states Ken Wisnefski, who was recently interviewed on FOX
News discussing cyber security. “At WebiMax, we build social
media campaigns for our clients to increase their brand
awareness and develop additional revenue streams. The
organizing of ‘flash mobs’ in Philadelphia demonstrates the
capabilities of the misuse of one of the most powerful mass-
communications tools in the 21st century.”
In other words, “It’s perfectly all right for us to use this tool to
sell you stuff, but how dare you think of using it for any other
purpose?” Mr. Wisnefski has obviously missed the entire point
of Web 2.0—that is, user participation, user generation of
content, and interactivity. There is no stuffing that particular
genie back in the bottle.
Case Assignment
Once you have read the suggested short articles on flash mobs,
you will probably want to do some additional Internet research
of your own looking into other aspects of this phenomenon and
other areas where they have occurred. When you feel you have a
good handle on the information, write a 3- to 4-page paper on
the topic:
What ought to be done about flash mobs? By whom? Why?
Assignment Expectations
Your paper should be 3–4 pages long. Take a definite stand on

7. the issues, and develop your supporting argument carefully.
Using material from the background information and any other
sources you can find to support specific points in your argument
is highly recommended; try to avoid making assertions for
which you can find no support other than your own opinion.
Provide proper citations for any material you reference from
other sources. Follow the
Student Guide to Writing a High-Quality Academic Paper
for help in structuring and developing your paper.
You will be particularly assessed on:
Your ability to see what the module is all about and to structure
your paper accordingly.
Your informed commentary and analysis; simply repeating what
your sources say does not constitute an adequate paper.
Your ability to draw on a range of sources and to establish your
understanding of the historical context of the question.
SLP 2
Web 2.0: 2001–Present
It is said that a picture is worth a thousand words. If this is so,
then the average SLP essay of 2–3 pages, which averages out to
just about 1,000 words, should be worth a picture. So that is
what we are going to do in this SLP assignment: Draw a picture.
Last year, P2PU, the online “school of webcraft,” offered a
course entitled “Web 200: Anatomy of a Request.” Basically, it
dealt with some of the more technical aspects of Internet
processes, although many of the students were not particularly
technically inclined. Early in this course, an assignment was
given—and the same assignment is now being given to you, as
follows:
Hey, everyone,
Your assignment is to
draw a picture of how the Internet works.
You don't need to do any research for this assignment, I just
want you to use your current knowledge and represent it
graphically.
You can use any application you'd like.

8. If you find this assignment a little intimidating or confusing you
might want to see some samples of what the students in the
P2PU course came up with; you can page through the different
student pictures here:
https://www.flickr.com/photos/johndbritton/sets/721576249326
77905/detail/
(Note that you can click on any picture to see it full size—one
of these was actually done by your instructor, although I’m not
going to tell you which one.)
As you see, none of these are highly technical, and some of
them are downright whimsical. But interestingly, they all reflect
many of the same general kinds of concepts about what the
Internet is and how it is shaped. Obviously, there is no one
"correct" picture to be drawn. The aim here is simply for you to
reflect your own understanding about what the critical elements
of the Internet are and how they are linked to each other.
Most of you probably have some degree of experience with
online drawing tools and some accessibility to such tools; even
if you don’t have experience, the basics of the available tools
are easy enough to learn quickly. At the low end, every
Windows computer comes with an application called MSPaint,
which is certainly adequate for the purposes of this exercise.
Moving up the line, you might use MS PowerPoint or possibly
Photoshop, or one of any number of
free online drawing tools
that you can find linked here—
Queeky
is particularly nice if you like to draw boxes and arrows and
such (note that none of these tools require you to download or
install anything). There is also
SketchUp
from Google, another free but powerful drawing tool. Or at the
other end of the techno-spectrum, you could always draw your
picture in pencil on the back of an old envelope and find
someone to scan it into digital form for you.
If you encounter any particular difficulty with finding a way to

9. carry out this assignment, please let your instructor know as
soon as possible so that you can work out some way of
completing it.
SLP Assignment Expectations
Your assignment need only include your graphic, although you
are welcome to add whatever commentary you feel is necessary
by way of explanation. It should reflect your personal ideas
about the shape and elements of the Internet.
You
will
be assessed on the degree to which you include relevant
elements and appropriate relationships including all the network
components and program applications that you know or are
aware of; you will
not
be assessed on the quality of your artwork or your degree of
mastery of whatever drawing tool you choose to use.
The important part of all these project assignments is to
carefully assess your own experiences with the topic, and then
reflect critically on what you might have learned about yourself
and about situations through this assessment process.
The more that you can use the exercise to develop personal
implications for your growth as a potential business person as
well as an Internet-savvy individual, the more value you will
get out of the exercise.
CASE 3
Web 3.0: The Semantic Web and Beyond
Assignment Overview
The idea of a Semantic Web has been around since at least
2001, although many critics have been skeptical about its
feasibility. For example, one school of thought believes that
Web 3.0 is already here with the current advances in Web
technology. The other school of thought supports that Web 3.0
is evolving as Artificial Intelligence (AI) is added to combine
information indexing and classification to simulate patterns of

10. human reasoning and logic. Although computers can store large
amounts of data and present it in patterns, they cannot associate
undefined patterns. Web 3.0 in the context of AI would be able
to close that gap by detecting information patterns and
integrating them in a dynamic process. Search engines capable
of adapting to semantic technology would allow users to find,
share, and collect information using natural language.
So, is the Semantic Web really here? We have certainly come a
long way. Web 1.0 consisted of static webpages. We could read,
but not much else. Web 2.0 has opened up the dialogue among
people, and it has created a new industry of social networking
through blogging and Facebook. We are putting our ideas out
there. Technologies to facilitate tagging, blogs, wikis, and
podcast/videos are among the popular advances in Web 2.0. The
productivity of online systems has been significant. Internet
applications have grown among a wide range of industries as a
result of interactive online systems.
The reaction of people to these products and services has been
phenomenal, and it has contributed to a new social digital
economy that did not exist with Web 1.0. Some of the advances
that we see more recently are natural language queries like
“Where do I buy product X in California?” Someone querying
with this statement appreciates a search engine returning several
company links or even blogs where people are discussing the
same product or asking the same question. The concept of
tagging will carry through Web 3.0.
The following materials introduce Web 3.0 from a historical
perspective. Dr. Yuen’s site provides three short videos:
Evolution Web 1.0, Web 2.0 to Web 3.0
;
The Future Internet: Service Web 3.0
; and
Web 3.0: Semantic Web
. All materials are meant to familiarize the student with Web 3.0
features. The Web 3.0 implications to businesses and consumers
are covered in the last article.

11. Wheeler, S. (2011, January 5). A brief introduction to Web 3.0.
Cognitive Interfund Transfer
. Retrieved from
http://cognitiveinterfundtransfer.blogspot.com/2011/01/brief-
introduction-to-web-30.html
Gaines, K. (n.d.). A brief introduction to Web 3.0.
Web Designer
. Retrieved from
http://1stwebdesigner.com/what-is-web-3-0/
Yuen, S. (2010, September 19). Web 3.0.
Learning Technologies
. Retrieved from
http://scyuen.wordpress.com/2010/09/17/web-3-0/
Verizon. (2010).
Web 3.0: Its promise and implications to consumers and
business
.
Optional Reading
Strickland, J. (2011). How Web 3.0 will work.
HowStuffWorks
. Retrieved from
http://computer.howstuffworks.com/web-30.htm
[email protected]
(2011, July 6). Web 3.0: The 'Social Wave' and how it disrupts
the Internet.
Managing Technology
. Retrieved from
http://knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu/article.cfm?articleid=2808
Rollyson, C. (2011, July 6). What kind of Web 3.0 world should
we make?
SocialMedia.biz
. Retrieved, from
http://www.socialmedia.biz/2011/07/06/what-kind-of-web-3-0-
world-should-we-make/
Abhishek, N. (2012). Web 4.0 basics.
The Customize Windows

12. . Retrieved from
http://thecustomizewindows.com/2011/09/web-4-0-basics/
Case Assignment
After reading the course materials, write a 3- to 4-page paper on
the following question:
How will the Web 3.0 transformations be used in business?
What are the benefits of W3.0 to consumers?
Assignment Expectations
Your paper should be 3–4 pages long. Take a definite stand on
the issues, and develop your supporting argument carefully.
Using material from the background information and any other
sources you can find to support specific points in your argument
is highly recommended; try to avoid making assertions for
which you can find no support other than your own opinion.
Provide proper citations for any material you reference from
other sources. Follow the
Student Guide to Writing a High-Quality Academic Paper
for help in structuring and developing your paper.
You will be particularly assessed on:
Your ability to see what the module is all about and to structure
your paper accordingly.
Your informed commentary and analysis—simply repeating
what your sources say does not constitute an adequate paper.
Your ability to draw on a range of sources, and to establish your
understanding of the historical context of the question.
SLP 3
Web 3.0: The Semantic Web and Beyond
The major breakthrough contributing to the development of Web
3.0 is semantic content for Web pages and ontologies for
querying. Semantic content will use semantic languages such as
Resource Description Framework (RDF), Extensible Markup
Language (XML), Web Ontology Language (WOL), and
Extensible HTML (XHTML) to provide description for Web
documents. Ontologies are statements defined in semantic
languages for computers to process knowledge like humans—by
deductive reasoning and inference. Therefore, Web 3.0 would

13. provide more meaningful searches and personalized results for
the user. The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C Semantic
Web) heads a collaborative circle of developers, experts, and
interest groups addressing Web solutions and the Semantic Web
in general.
The Semantic Web will factor more than the human element into
searches. It will make searches more personalized and more
comprehensive. For example, in the field of law, Web 3.0 will
change the way attorneys will research, produce, and present
documents. Data on the Internet is essentially tagged, and it will
be combined with information from various other sources to
associate similarities to a case or research topic. In the medical
field, Web 3.0 will improve collaboration for diagnostics and
the adoption of best-of-breed practices for health care
professionals all over the world. Medical content will be
accessible through Internet repositories for adaptive data
mining. In essence, research will be easier, all-inclusive, and
better-rounded for the researcher.
Two of the goals of Web 3.0 are adaptability and the use of
natural language to express complex queries. A new approach
called “Responsive Web Design” (RWD) is becoming popular
among website developers to enrich the navigation experience
and to allow adaptive screen views for all types of mobile
devices. Users will continue to build the next layer of
intelligence through our individual contributions to the Web.
The following sites explain the Semantic Web application to
medical endeavors and e-learning.
Jessen, W. (2012). Web 3.0 and predictive, preventive, and
personalized medicine.
Highlight Health
. Retrieved from
http://www.highlighthealth.com/healthcare/web-30-and-
predictive-preventive-and-personalized-medicine/
Giannakos, M., & Lapatas, G. (2010). Towards Web 3.0:
Concept for collaborative e-learning. Retrieved from
http://ntnu-

14. no.academia.edu/MichailGiannakos/Papers/396841/Towards_We
b_3.0_Concept_for_Collaborative_E-Learning
SLP 3 Assignment
After reviewing the course materials, submit a 2- to 3-page
paper that answers the following question:
What have been the contributions of Web 3.0 to e-learning so
far?
How can we use the latest technologies to work for educational
systems?
Be creative in your answer.
SLP Assignment Expectations
Your paper should be 2–3 pages in length, and reflect your
personal experiences with the timeline.
The
important part of all these project assignments is to carefully
assess your own experiences with the topic, and then reflect
critically on what you might have learned
about yourself and about situations through this assessment
process.
The more that you can use the exercise to develop personal
implications for your growth as a potential business person as
well as an Internet-savvy individual, the more value you will
get out of the exercise.
CASE 4
The Mobile Internet
Assignment Overview
To study the evolution of mobile Internet in this module, please
review the following readings:
Required Reading
Shujaa

15. Solution
. (2010, December 10). Introduction to mobile Internet.
Retrieved from
http://www.slideshare.net/shujaasolutions/introduction-to-
mobile-internet
Raasch, J. (2010, November 3). How to build a mobile website.
Smashing Magazine
. Retrieved from
http://mobile.smashingmagazine.com/2010/11/03/how-to-build-
a-mobile-website/
Cisco. (2010). Evolution of the mobile network. Retrieved from
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/solutions/collateral/ns341/ns973/w
hite_paper_c11-624446.html
CrowdSauce. (2011, April 30). Future of Mobile Internet.
[Video file]. Retrieved from
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RvSdSyr4egI
Basulto, D. (2012, April 19). Mobile is so Money: The future of
the Internet. Retrieved from
http://bigthink.com/endless-innovation/mobile-is-so-money-the-
future-of-the-internet
Optional Reading
Morgan Stanley. (2009, December 1). The mobile Internet

16. report. Retrieved from
http://mobile.knet.ca/node/34
WAP Forum Org. (2002, January 31). Wireless Application
Protocol WAP 2.0. Retrieved from
http://www.wapforum.org/what/WAPWhite_Paper1.pdf
Horton, C. (2012, July 19). Mobile Apps will drive the future of
the Internet.
Social Media Today
. Retrieved from
http://engage.synecoretech.com/marketing-technology-for-
growth/bid/147267/Mobile-Apps-Will-Drive-the-Future-of-the-
Internet
Case Assignment
When you have had a chance to review information from the
background readings and research other sources on your own,
prepare a 3- to 4-page paper on the topic:
Analyze the importance of mobile Internet and apps and their
future.
Assignment Expectations
Your paper should be 3–4 pages. Take a definite stand on the
issues, and develop your supporting argument carefully. Using
material from the background information and any other sources
you can find to support specific points in your argument is
highly recommended; try to avoid making assertions for which
you can find no support other than your own opinion.

17. Provide proper citations for any material you reference from
other sources. Follow the
Student Guide to Writing a High-Quality Academic Paper
for help in structuring and developing your paper.
You will be particularly assessed on:
Your ability to see what the module is all about and to structure
your paper accordingly.
Your informed commentary and analysis—simply repeating
what your sources say does not constitute an adequate paper.
Your ability to draw on a range of sources and to establish your
understanding of the historical context of the question.
SLP 4
The Mobile Internet
Review the Apple website for mobile apps:
http://www.apple.com/osx/apps/app-store.html
or any other website with mobile apps for Apple or Google.
Submit a 2- to 3-page paper on the following topic:
Review and discuss mobile apps for various smart devices and
highlight one or two mobile apps you think will be useful to
you.
SLP Assignment Expectations
Your paper should be 2–3 pages in length and reflect your
personal experiences with the topic.
The

18. important part of all these project assignments is to carefully
assess your own experiences with the topic, and then reflect
critically on what you might have learned
about yourself and about situations through this assessment
process.
The more that you can use the exercise to develop personal
implications for your growth as a potential businessperson as
well as a knowledge user, the more value you will get out of the
exercise.
Your
paper will be evaluated on the following criteria:
Precision:
You carried out the exercise as assigned, or carefully explained
the limitations that might have prevented your completing some
parts (running out of time is not generally considered an
adequate limitation).
Clarity:
Your answers are clear and show your good understanding of
the topic.
Breadth and Depth
: The scope of your paper is directly related to the questions of
the assignment and the learning outcomes of the module.
Critical thinking
: The paper incorporates
your

19. reactions, examples, and applications of the material to
business that illustrate your reflective judgment and good
understanding of the concepts.