Management involves planning, organizing, leading, and controlling organizational resources to achieve goals. The document outlines the five main management functions: planning, organizing, staffing, controlling, and leading. Planning involves setting objectives and determining how to achieve them. Organizing groups people into departments based on their tasks. Staffing acquires and develops employees. Controlling evaluates performance against plans and takes corrective actions. Leading provides guidance and motivation to employees.

1. MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS
PAULINE TEMBO-RN/BSC

2. INTRODUCTION
• MANAGEMENT is the process of planning, organizing, leading and
controlling the work of organizational members and of using all
available resources to reach stated organizational goals.
• MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS: these are arms used in management to
achieve the set goals/objectives. They are 5 in total and these are:
Planning
 organizing
staffing
controlling
leading

3. PLANNING

4. • DEF: Planning is the function of management that
involves setting objectives and determining a
course of action for achieving those objectives.
• OR
• Planning is determining what to do, how to do
it,when to do it, and by whom will it be done.

5. PLANNING CAN BE:
Informal – not written down, short-term focus;
specific to an organizational unit
Formal - written, specific, and long-term
focus, involves shared goals for the organization
PLANNING
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6. •Provides direction/guide
•Reduces uncertainty
•Minimizes waste and redundancy
•Sets the standards for controlling
•Avoiding collision of programme
PURPOSES OF PLANNING
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7. •Identify specific company goals. (Objectives).
•Deciding what courses of action (resources) to
adopt to attain those goals.
•Deciding how to allocate organizational
resources
STEPS IN THE PLANNING PROCESS
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8. •Prioritize goals and tasks in terms of their
importance to be achieved first.
•Create assignments and time frame.
•Establish evaluation methods.eg. Requesting of
monthly progress reports from dpt. Heads.
•Identify alternative course of action.
CONT.
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9.  STRATEGIC PLANS
• This type of planning is often carried out by an organization’s
top management and usually creates goals for the entire
organization.
• It analyzes threats to the organization, evaluates the
organization’s strengths and weaknesses and creates a plan of
how the organization can best compete in its environment.
• Strategic planning usually has a long timeframe of three years
or more.
TYPES OF PLANS
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10. TACTICAL PLANS
• Intermediate-range planning that is designed to
develop relatively concrete and specific means to
implement the strategic plan.
• Often done by middle level managers
• Usually done within 1 – 3 yrs
Cont.
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11.  OPERATIONAL PLANS
• Low level planning.
• Contain details for carrying out, or implementing
those strategic plans in day-to-day activities
• Cover short time period up to one year
Cont.
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12. • A contingency plan is a course of action designed
to help an organization respond effectively to a
significant future incident, event or situation that
may or may not happen.
• Also called as Plan B/Situational plan, used for
risk management
CONTINGENCY PLANNING
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14. Principles of planning
a. The plan must be flexible so that it can be modified and revised if need arises.
b. The plans should be practical, economically feasible, and professionally sound.
c. The aims and objectives of the institution must be clear, relevant, observable
and measurable
d. Involve subordinates in the planning process to ensure acceptance of the plan
by those who are going to implement them.
e. Assign planning responsibilities to the right people.
f. Planning should always be documented so that all concerned are fully
committed to the implementation of the programme.

15. ORGANIZING

16. • organizing is the function of management which
follows planning.
• It is a function in which the synchronization and
combination of human, physical and financial
resources takes place
• DEF: Organizing Involves grouping people into
departments according to the kinds of job-specific
tasks they perform

17. • Organizing in a business means to provide it with
everything useful to its functioning-raw materials,
tools, capital and personnel .

18. A manager performs organizing function with the help of
following steps:-
1.Identification of activities
2.Departmentally organizing the activities
3.Classifying the authority
4.Co-ordination between authority and responsibility

19. IMPORTANCE OF ORGANISING
1.Specialization - This division of work is helping in bringing
specialization in various activities of concern.
2.Well defined jobs - Organizational structure helps in putting
right men on right job which can be done by selecting people for
according to their qualifications, skill and experience..
3.Clarifies authority - Organizational structure helps in clarifying
the role positions to every manager (status quo).
4.Co-ordination - Organization is a means of creating co-
ordination among different departments of the enterprise.
5.Growth and diversification - A company’s growth is totally
dependant on how efficiently and smoothly a concern works.

20. DIRECTING

21. • Directing means giving instructions, guiding and
counseling, motivating and leading the staff in an
organization in doing work to achieve Organizational
goals.

22. IMPORTANCE OF DIRECTING
• Directing initiates actions to get the desired results in
an organization.
• Directing attempts to get the maximum out of
employees by identifying their capabilities.
• It ensures that every employee works for
organizational goals.

23. CONTROLLING

24. • Controlling is determining what is being accomplished
- that is, evaluating performance and, if necessary,
applying corrective measures so that performance
takes place according to plans"

25. The following are done :
• Establishing performance standards.
• Evaluating current performance and comparing it
against the established performance standards.
• Taking corrective action to any performance that
doesn’t meet established standards. This would
involve coaching and training of staff

26. STAFFING

27. • Staffing is that part of the process of management
which is concerned with acquiring, developing,
employing, appraising, remunerating and retaining
people so that the right type of people are available in
right positions and at the right time in the
organization.

28. Importance of Staffing
• Filling the Organizational positions.
• Developing competencies to challenges.
• Retaining personnel i.e. professionalism.
• Optimum utilization of the human resources.