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1. THREE GORGES DAM
P R E S E N T B Y
P R A S A N N A K U M A R H A M I L P U R E

2. 2019/2020
G N D E C B
CIVIL ENGINNERING
THREE GORGES DAM
ABOUT
"This is the grandest project the Chinese
people have undertaken in thousands of
years," Li Yongan, general manager of the
Three Gorges Corporation, told the
London Times on May 20.

3. 2019/2020
G N D E C B
CIVIL ENGINNERING
G R AV I T Y D A M H Y D R O P O W E R
C O N C R E T E
S T R U C T U R E
D E S I G N E D B Y
The three Gorges dam is
also called as gravity dam.
It is the world’s largest
hydro power station in the
terms of installed capacity
22,500 MW
It is the largest concrete
structure on the planet
Pan Jiazheng, the “chief architect”
of china divisive Three gorges dam.
But in 1919 Sun Yat-sen came up
with the idea of building the Three
gorges Dam.

4. 2019/2020
G N D E C B
CIVIL ENGINNERING
L O C AT I O N
C H I N A
YANGTZE RIVER
LOCATED IN
YILING
DISTRICT, HUBEI
PROVINCE

6. 2019/2020
G N D E C B
CIVIL ENGINNERING
DIMENSIONS
DETAILS
2,335 185 40 115
M E T E R S M E T E R S M E T E R S M E T E R S
L O N G H E I G H T W I D T H
( C R E S T )
W I D T H
( B A S E )

7. 2019/2020
G N D E C B
CIVIL ENGINNERING
RESERVOIR
DETAILS
TOTAL CAPACITY
CATCHMENT AREA
SURFACE AREA

8. 2019/2020
G N D E C B
CIVIL ENGINNERING
COMPOSTION
DETAILS

9. 2019/2020
G N D E C B
CIVIL ENGINNERING
1 3 8 M I L L I O N
C U B I C M E T E R
S T O N E S A N D
D I R T
2 7 . 2 M I L L I O N
C U B I C M E T E R
C O N C R E T E
2 5 6 , 0 0 0
T O N S
O T H E R M E T A L
S T R U C T U R E S
4 6 0 , 0 0 0
M E T R I C T O N S
S T E E L
E N O U G H T O
B U I L D 6 3
E I F F E L T O W E R S

10. 2019/2020
G N D E C B
CIVIL ENGINNERING
POWER
MAN
4 0 , 0 0 0 W O R K E R S

11. 2019/2020
G N D E C B
CIVIL ENGINNERING
HOW THEY
CONSTRUCTED
“ The three gorges that give
the dam its name: the qutang,
wu xia, and xiling “

12. PROJECT
STARTED AT
1994
2019/202
0
G N D E C B
CIVIL ENGINNERING
I T W A S T H E L A R G E S T
E N G I N E E R I N G P R O J E C T
I N T H E C H I N A

13. CONSTRUCTIO
N CONSISTED OF
THREE PHASE
2019/202
0
CIVIL ENGINNERING
G N D E C B
T H R E E G O R G E S
P R O J E C T H A D B E E N
P L A N N E D F O R O V E R
1 0 0 Y E A R S

14. 2019/2020
G N D E C B
CIVIL ENGINNERING
PHASE 1 ( 1994 – 1997 ) PHASE 2 ( 1998 – 2003 )

15. 2019/2020
G N D E C B
CIVIL ENGINNERING
E N G I N E E R S B E G A N TO
C O N S T R U C T A S E R I E S
O F S TO N E C O F F E R D A M S
TO B L O C K WAT E R
C H A N N E L
“ C O F F E R D A M S I S A S T R U C T U R E
T H A T R E T A I N S W A T E R A N D
S O I L S . S O T H A T A L L O W T H E
E N C L O S E D A R E A T O T H E
P U M P E D O U T A N D E X C A V A T E D
D R Y. “
PHASE 1

16. 2019/2020
G N D E C B
CIVIL ENGINNERING

17. 2019/2020
G N D E C B
CIVIL ENGINNERING
THEY BUILT FIRST
TWO STATION
SECTION OF THE
MAIN DAM ON THE
DRY RIVERBED
PHASE 2

18. 2019/2020
G N D E C B
CIVIL ENGINNERING

19. 2019/2020
G N D E C B
CIVIL ENGINNERING
PHASE 3 ( 2004 – 2012 )

20. 2019/2020
CIVIL ENGINNERING
G N D E C B
T H E Y D U M P T O N S O F E A R T H
I N T O R I V E R A N D T O P O F I T
T H E Y B U I LT A N O T H E R
C O F E R D A M . T H I S T I M E F R O M
C O N C R E T E T H E Y B U I L D T H E
L A S T S E C T I O N O F T H E D A M
PHASE 3

21. 2019/2020
CIVIL ENGINNERING
G N D E C B

22. 2019/2020
CIVIL ENGINNERING
G N D E C B
A F T E R C O M P L E T A T I O N O F L A S T
S E C T I O N . T H E Y R E M O V E D
C O F F E R D A M , S O T H E W A T E R
C A N F L O W T H R O U G H T H E
T U R B I N E S .

23. 2019/2020
CIVIL ENGINNERING
G N D E C B
W H I L E B U I L D I N G
C O F F E R D A M S T H E Y L E A V E
H O L E S F O R E X P L O S I V E
C H A R G E S . T H E 6 T H J U N E
2 0 0 6
T H E Y F I L L E D W I T H A
1 9 0 T O N S O F D Y N A M I T E .
B L A S T C R E A T E 1 8 6 , 0 0 0
C U B I C M E T E R O F
C O N C R E T E R U B B L E

24. 2019/2020
CIVIL ENGINNERING
G N D E C B

25. 2019/2020
CIVIL ENGINNERING
G N D E C B
SPILLWAY AND
SLUICEWAY

26. 2019/2020
G N D E C B
CIVIL ENGINNERING
 THE DAM’S SPILLWAY CAPACITY IS 102.500 M³/S, ABOUT 40%
OF IT FROM THE SPILLWAY, 40% OF IT SLUICEWAY, 20% OF IT
PASSES THROUGH THE TURBINES.
 THE SPILLWAY HAS 22 OPENING.
 23 PIECES OF SLUICEWAY ARE LOCATED ON THE CENTRAL
PART OF THE THREE GORGES DAM WHICH IS CREST LONG
483M. SLUICEWAYS HAVE SPUTTERING TIPPED.

27. 2019/2020
G N D E C B
CIVIL ENGINNERING
SHIP LOCK
FACILITY
T H E S H I P L O C K I S F I V E
S T E P A N D D O U B L E W A Y
T Y P E

28. 2019/2020
G N D E C B
CIVIL ENGINNERING
THE TRANSIT TIME IS
4 HOURS.
THE MAX VESSEL
SIZE IS 10,000
TONNES
THE LOCKS ARE 280
METERS LONG, 35
METERS WIDE AND 5
METERS DEEP.
THE LARGEST “GATE” IN
THE WORLD
40,000 TONNES OF
METAL STRUCTURES
WERE USED TO
CONSTRUCT THE SHIP
LOCK

29. 2019/2020
G N D E C B
CIVIL ENGINNERING
SHIP LIFT
FACILITY
S H I P L I F T I S A K I N D
O F E L E V A T O R F O R
V E S S E L S

30. 2019/2020
G N D E C B
CIVIL ENGINNERING
DESIGNED TO LIFT
SHIPS UPTO 3000
TONES
WILL LIFT SHIPS
VERTICALLY UPTO
113 METERS
LIFT BASIN IS 12
METERS LONG, 18
METERS WIDE AND
3.5 METERS DEEP
TRANSIT TIME 30-40
MINUTES

31. 2019/2020
G N D E C B
CIVIL ENGINNERING
T H E D A M
P R O D U C E M O R E
P O W E R T H A N
A N Y O T H E R D A M

32. 2019/2020
CIVIL ENGINNERING
G N D E C B
LEFT BANK POWER
HOUSE
RIGHT BANK POWER
HOUSE
UNDER GROUND
POWER HOUSE
GENERATORS

33. 2019/2020
G N D E C B
CIVIL ENGINNERING
T O TA L 3 2 T U R B I N E
G E N E R AT O R U N I T S ,
M A X I M U M O U T P U T O F
2 2 , 4 0 0 M W
W H I C H I S 2 5 X T I M E S
M O R E T H A N T E H R I
D A M . ( I N D I A
L A R G E S T D A M )
C A P A C I T Y I S 2 4 0 0
M W

34. 2019/2020
G N D E C B
CIVIL ENGINNERING
THE CHINESE GOVERNMENT
ESTIMATED THAT THE THREE
GORGES DAM PROJECT WOULD
COST AROUND ($22.5 BILLION).
BUT BY THE END OF 2008 , THEY
END UP SPENDING ($37.23
BILLION).
(₹2,33,080 CRORE RUPEE )
COST

35. 2019/2020
G N D E C B
CIVIL ENGINNERING
PURPOSES

36. 2019/2020
G N D E C B
CIVIL ENGINNERING
FLOOD
CONTROL
AN IMPORTANT FUNCTION OF THE DAM
IS TO CONTROL FLOODING, WHICH IS
MAJOR PROBLEM FOR THE SEASONAL
RIVER OF THE YANGTZE
THE RESERVOIRS FLOOD STORAGE
CAPACITY WILL REDUCE THE
FREQUENCY OF MAJOR FLOODING
FROM ONCE EVERY TEN YEARS TO
ONCE EVERY 100 YEARS
THE MOST SERVER BEING THE FLOOD
IN 1935 WHICH KILLED 1,42,000
PEOPLE.

37. 2019/2020
G N D E C B
CIVIL ENGINNERING
HYDROPOWE
R
 A TOTAL CAPACITY OF 22,500 MW. IT
ABLE TO SUPPLIES ELECTRICITY TO
60 MILLION CHINESE PEOPLE.
 WHILE AT FULL POWER, THREE GORGES
REDUCES COAL CONSUMPTION BY 31
MILLION TONNES PER YEAR, AVOIDING 100
MILLION TONNES OF GREENHOUSE GAS
EMISSIONS.
 THESE EMISSION INCLUDE ONE MILLION
TONNES OF SULPHUR DIOXIDE, 370,000
TONNES OF NITRIC OXIDE AND 10,000 TONNES
OF CARBON MONOXIDE

38. 2019/2020
G N D E C B
CIVIL ENGINNERING
BENEFITS

39. 2019/2020
G N D E C B
CIVIL ENGINNERING
FLOOD CONTROL
CLEAN SOURCE
OF ELECTRICITY
IMPROVED NAVIGATION
BETTER
IRRIGATIONAL
FACILITIES DURING
DRY SEASON
BETTER
WASTE
MANAGEMEN
T

40. 2019/2020
G N D E C B
CIVIL ENGINNERING
PROBLEMS

41. 2019/2020
G N D E C B
CIVIL ENGINNERING
BEFORE
CONSTRUCTIO
N
DURING
CONSTRUCTIO
N
AFTER
CONSTRUCTIO
N

42. G N D E C B
CIVIL ENGINNERING
• THREE GORGES PROJECT RESERVOIR INUNDATED 632 KM SQ. OF LAND
AND 24,500 HECTARES OF FARMLAND.
• SO FAR 13 CITIES, 140 TOWNS AND 1600 VILAGES HAVE BEEN
SUBMERGED UNDER THE WORLDS LARGEST RESERVOIR
• 1.24 MILLION PEOPLE WERE RELOCATED TO HIGHER GROUNDS
• THE TOTAL COST SPENT ON RELOCATING PEOPLE WAS 6.5 BILLION
DOLLARS.
RELOCATION AND
RESETTLEMENT
* Image is not
2019/202
0

43. G N D E C B
CIVIL ENGINNERING
• THE HEAT OF HYDRATION IS THE HEAT GENERATED DUE TO HYDRATION OF CEMENT I.E.
DUE TO REACTION BETWEEN CEMENT PARTICLES AND WATER.(HYDRATION REACTION)
• IT IS CRITICAL TO MEASURE HEAT OF HYDRATION IN MASS CONCRETE WORK. AS HUGE
VOLUME OF CONCRETE IS POURED IN CONSTRUCTING LARGE STRUCTURES SUCH AS
DAMS, THERE IS THERMAL GRADIENT INDUCED DUE TO HIGHER RATE OF LOSS OF HEAT
FROM OUTER SURFACE THAN FROM INNER CORE.
• THIS THERMAL GRADIENT CAUSES CRACKING IN CONCRETE DUE TO NON-UNIFORM
EXPANSION OF CONCRETE WITHIN THE BODY. AND AS WE KNOW THAT CRACKING IS
DANGEROUS DUE TO MANY REASONS LIKE REDUCED STRENGTH, DURABILITY, WATER
TIGHTNESS AND MANY MORE.
• SO, THEY COOLED DOWN THE AGGREGATES AND MATERIALS THAT SAND PUT IT
IT INTO THE MIX. THEY USED ICE INSTEAD OF WATER TO PREPARE CONCRETE .
CONCRETE .
• DURING SUMMER JUNE JULY WEATHER BEING ESPECIALLY HOT, THEY WENT
FOR “FOG SPRAY SYSTEM” TO BLOW A EFFECTIVELY A FOG BLANKET OVER THE
THE TOP OF THE DAM WITH THE OBJECTIVE OF BLOCKING THE SOLAR
RADIATION.
HEAT HYDRATION IN
CONCRETE
2019/2020

44. G N D E C B
CIVIL ENGINNERING
2019/2020
ENVIRONMENTAL
PROBLEMS
SEA LIFE LAND SLIDE
EROSION IN THE
RESERVOIR CAUSES
FREQUENT MAJOR
LANDSLIDES THAT HAVE
LED TO NOTICEABLE
DISTURBANCE IN THE
SURROUNDING AREA
300 SPECIES OF FISHES
IN THE YANGTZE RIVER
WERE EFFECTED
BECAUSE OF THE
BARRIER, THESE
SPECIES WILL NOT
CROSS THE RIVER

45. 2019/2020
G N D E C B
CIVIL ENGINNERING
FACT
S

46. 2019/2020
G N D E C B
CIVIL ENGINNERING
WORLD’S CURRENTLY
LARGEST POWER GENERATING
DAM
STEEL USED IN THE
CONSTRUCTION WAS ENOUGH
TO BUILD 63 EIFFEL TOWERS
OVER 100
TOWNS AND
1000
HISTORICAL
PLACES WERE
SUBMERGED
THE DAM ACTUALLY SLOW
DOWN THE ROTATION OF
THE PLANET EARTH BY
0.66 MICROSECONDS
YANGTZE IS
THE 3RD
LONGEST RIVER
IN THE ASIA

47. 2019/2020
G N D E C B
CIVIL ENGINNERING
ANY QUESTIONS ?

48. * Image is not real.
T H A N K Y O U

49. SCAN
METO D O W N L O A D
F I L E
C O N T A C T M E
P R A S A N N A O K 1 9 9 9 @ G M A I L . C O M