4. Diversity in living organism :-
• The organism a group according to their
increasing similarities. The organism also
arranged from less complex to more and
more complex types.
• Before will talk of diversity in organism on
a Broad scale we should first get Familiar
with category level of diversity, namely:
species, Genus, family, Order, Class,
phylum and Kingdom.
5. Five kingdom classification :--
The five kingdom classification under the
recent scheme of classification are:-
1. Monera
2. Protesta
3. Fungi
4. Plantae
5. Animalia
6. • Kingdom Monera ( Unicellular & prokaryotic ) --It
Mainly includes bacteria
• These are single - celled organisms.
• They are no organisms nucleus.
• The nuclear Material (DNA) is distributed
in the cell without being enclosed in a
nuclear this condition of the cell is called
prokaryotic
• (Pro: primitive, karyon: nucleus).
• They are also devoid of membrane-bound
organelles like mitochondria and
7. Bacteria. Three common shapes ---rods,spirals
and spheres (singly, in groups or in chanis)
8. • Kingdom PROTISTA or more appropriately
PROTOCTISTA( eukaryotic and mostly
Unicellular) --- these are single celled
organism Having a well defined nucleus With
a nuclear membrane (eukaryotic). They
Include both the unicellular green
autotrophic organism (e.g.chlamydonas) as
well as unicellular green autotrophic
organism (e.g.
EUGLENA,Ameoba,Paramecium)
Some multicellular photosynthesis plant -
like organisms such as Pandorina .
10. • Kingdom FUNGI (usually multicellular,
eukaryotic, achlorophyllous and
saprophytic)--
Most fungi are made up of thread- like
hyphae rather than cells, and there are
many nuclei distributed in the
continuous cytoplasm. Examples:-
Bread mould , Toadstool, yeast,
penicillium.
11.
12. • Kingdom PLANTAE ( multicellular,
eukaryotic and autotrophic)--- these
all have chlorophyll and they make
their own food by photosynthesis (
autotrophic i.e self
nourishing).Kingdom plantae is
further divided in five division,
namely Thallophyta
(algae),Bryophyta(mosses),
pteridophyta(ferns),gymnosperms
(pine,etc), and Angiosperms
(flowering plants).
13. • Kingdom ANIMALIA(multicellular,
eukaryotic and heterotrophic)--
These are multicellular organisms without cell
wall, without chlorophyll and obtaining food by
eating or sucking, (HETEROTROPHIC) i.e,
differently nourished). The organisms belonging to
this group are usually mobile, but some like
sponges and corals are Non- mobile (or sessile).
Of all the living organism, we are generally most
familiar with plants ( PLANTAE) and animal (
ANIMALIA).
14. Plantae- the five major division --- Thallophyta
(algae), Bryophyta (mosses),
pteridophyta(ferns), Gymnosperms and
Angiosperms (flowering plants).
