System Requirement Analysis in System Engineering

1. MIT Alandi (D),Pune
1
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
MIT Academy of Engineering
Dehu Phata, Alandi (D)
Pune - 412105, Maharashtra (India)
2017-18
Topic: System Requirements And Specifications.
Submitted by,
Jayesh Suryawanshi SETB107
Omkar Rane SETB118
Chaitanya Deshpande SETB119
Guided by,
Prof.Vinayak Balkrishna Kulkarni
A Report submitted to MIT Academy of Engineering Alandi submitted in partial fulfilment of the
requirement for Fourth Semester of BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY in Department of Electronics And
Telecommunication Engineering.

2. MIT Alandi (D),Pune
2
Contents
Sr.no Contents Page No.
[1] Abstract 4
[2] Introduction 5
[3] Stakeholders 6
[4] Phasing development diagram 7
[5] Requirement types 8
[6] Design specifications 9
[7] Analysis of charging state in battery 10
[8] Time and voltage required for battery to charge 11
[9] CLD on life of solar charger 12
[10] Concepts of life cycle 13
[11] References 15

3. MIT Alandi (D),Pune
3
List of figures
Sr. No Figure contents Figure No.
[1] Stakeholders Figure 1
[2] Requirements types Figure 2
[3] Design specifications Figure 3
[4] Analysis of charging state in a battery Figure 4
[5] CLD on concept of life cycle Figure 5
[6] Phasing development diagram Figure 6
[7] ENTC Tools used in design process Figure 7

4. MIT Alandi (D),Pune
4
Abstract
With the existing push in the direction of sustainable, clean sources of power, it is no surprise that
solar power has become one of the most popular alternative energy sources. Free and available
everywhere, the power of the sun can be employed to power everything like cell phones and MP3
player. The sun's energy is usually harvested through solar panels that are made up of photovoltaic
cells. These cells can convert the sun's power into electricity that can be used for a number of
purposes. For private use, a handheld solar hybrid charger can be employed to recharge little device
for instance a MP3 player, a cell phone, or a camera.

5. MIT Alandi (D),Pune
5
Introduction
Purpose: Mobile phone plays an important role in communication. The growth of mobile phone
market is phenomenal in recent years and the need for charging the mobile battery is required
anytime and anywhere. It becomes very difficult to charge the mobile phone while travelling from
one place to another and when current supply is not available while in the home, office etc.
Scope: In today’s environment conscious world, a lot of interest is being taken in alternate forms
of energy. Solar power is a renewable source of energy, which has become increasingly popular
in modern days. Today 80% of the energy we use comes from fossil fuels and about 1% comes
from solar energy. It is estimated that the world’s oil reserves will last for 30 to 40 years, whereas
solar energy is forever. Solar energy has two big advantages over fossil fuels. The first is in the
fact that it is renewable; it is never going to run out. The second is its effect on the environment.

6. MIT Alandi (D),Pune
6
Stakeholders
Figure 1

7. MIT Alandi (D),Pune
7
Phasing development diagram
Figure 2

8. MIT Alandi (D),Pune
8
Requirement types
Figure 3

9. MIT Alandi (D),Pune
9
Technical-Design specifications
Figure 4

10. MIT Alandi (D),Pune
10
Analysis of charging state in battery
Figure 5

11. MIT Alandi (D),Pune
11
➢ The solar panel is used to charge the rechargeable battery. This rechargeable battery is interfaced with
the 78L05 and 78L09 voltage regulators to charge 5V, 9V, 12V loads. The 5V output is also used to
power-up the analyzer circuit.
➢ Analyzer circuit consists of Schmitt trigger, ADC, Micro-controller and LCD. The Schmitt trigger
CD4093 acts as the timer to ADC, generating a clock of 550kHz frequency.
➢ The ADC analyzes the voltage across the battery terminals and converts it into digital form. The micro-
controller displays the charge in the battery on the LCD.
➢ It also displays whether the battery is fully charged and if the battery charge is below 20%, stating “low
battery”. The Schmitt trigger frequency can be varied by varying the external resistor, capacitor values.
➢ The digitized output from the ADC (AD0-AD7) 4 transfers the voltage across the battery terminals in
digital form to the port 1 of the microcontroller. The voltage-divider circuit scales-down the battery
terminal voltage to a maximum of 5V.
➢ Based on this voltage, the micro-controller analyzes the charge in the battery and displays this on the
LCD through port 2.

12. MIT Alandi (D),Pune
12
Evaluation of solar based mobile charger

13. MIT Alandi (D),Pune
13
CLD on Concepts of life cycle
Figure 6

14. MIT Alandi (D),Pune
14
Concepts of life cycle
• Operations concept:
Solar charger will charge appliances as sunrays will fall on panel and they will charged.
• Acquisition concept:
Stakeholders are- students, businessman, manufacturing firms. Functional requirements like controlling
voltage, converting light energy into electrical energy while operational requirements like control units,
battery for storing energy. Design of system is very simple.
• Deployment concept:
Ensure adherence to guidelines & help to maintain consistent quality. – Solar charger will charge
appliances as sunrays will fall on panel and they will charged.
• Support concept:
In installing system, engineering support will be there. Solar panel maintenance is important because
insufficient care for solar panels can reduce the amount of energy and system can’t work neatly.
• Retirement concept:
After some years of use, system will work slowly and on one day it will stop working. Then we have to
dispose hazardous waste from system.

15. MIT Alandi (D),Pune
15
Entc tools used in design process.
Figure 7
• Eagle software: EAGLE is a scriptable electronic design automation (EDA) application with schematic
capture, printed circuit board (PCB) layout, auto-router and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM)
features. EAGLE stands for Easily Applicable Graphical Layout Editor. EAGLE contains a schematic
editor, for designing circuit diagrams. Schematics are stored in files with. SCH extension, parts are
defined in device libraries with. LBR extension. Parts can be placed on many sheets and connected
together through ports.
• Multisim Simulation: Multisim simulation and circuit design software gives engineers the advanced
analysis and design capabilities to optimize performance, reduce design errors, and shorten time to
prototype. Intuitive NI tools result in saved printed circuit board (PCB) iterations and significant cost
savings. The PCB layout editor stores board files with the extension. BRD. It allows back-annotation to
the schematic and auto-routing to automatically connect traces based on the connections defined in the
schematic.
• Etching process: Etching is traditionally the process of using strong acid or mordant to cut into the
unprotected parts of a metal surface to create a design in intaglio (incised) in the metal. In modern
manufacturing, other chemicals may be used on other types of material.

16. MIT Alandi (D),Pune
16
References
[1] http://www.sebokwiki.org/wiki/System_Requirements
[2] http://users.ece.cmu.edu/~koopman/des_s99/requirements_specs/
[3] https://www.slideshare.net/JOLLUSUDARSHANREDDY/solar-based-mobile-charger-in-rural-
areas
[4] https://www.slideshare.net/requirements_specs/ System Requirements