GSM/ Wi-Fi booster project presentation

1. DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF GSM/ Wi-Fi
SIGNAL BOOSTER
(CASE STUDY: FPI ENGINEERING COMPLEX)
PRESENTED BY:
OBASAN KEHINDE
OLUSEGUN
H/EE/17/0998

2. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
This project is meant to solve the problem of poor or weak signal
reception in the building by creating an uprising receiving
antenna for the building which will transmit through a coaxial
cable (serving as a transmitting medium) to a transmitting antenna
situated in the middle of the building thereby working on the
principle of a signal repeater. The antennas will be transmitting at
2.4GHz, which is the standard ISM band due to further
obstructions like doors, walls and equipment in the laboratories
and offices as in the case of 5.0GHz which needs free space and
LOS for its operation.
PRESENTED BY OBASAN KEHINDE OLUSEGUN
H/EE/17/0998

3. INTRODUCTION
• WHAT IS SIGNAL BOOSTING
• WHY DO WE NEED ITSIGNAL BOOSTING
• ANTENNA
• BOOSTING CIRCUIT
• COAXIAL CABLE
• SPLITTER
• POWER SUPPLY UNIT
• CONNECTOR
MAJOR COMPONENTS
PRESENTED BY OBASAN KEHINDE OLUSEGUN,
H/EE/17/0998

4. PRESENTED BY OBASAN KEHINDE OLUSEGUN, H/EE/17/0998

5. SIGNIFICANCE OF PROJECT
The project will
increase the use of
telecommunication
among citizens of
the polytechnic
located around the
engineering complex
and its environs
Ease in doing
business to its users
ranging from surfing
the internet to
efficient phone calls
and other GSM
usage.
People use mobile
phones on a daily
basis in order to
communicate with
each other and
exchange
information with
better efficiency
PRESENTED BY OBASAN KEHINDE OLUSEGUN, H/EE/17/0998

6. LITERATURE REVIEW
The signal loss due to
building materials
constitutes about 31% of
the total GSM signal loss.
This is because signal
penetration loss is
associated with the
indoor environment
(P. Elechi, 2015)
When GSM signals pass
through a non-
transparent medium to a
free zone
electromagnetic wave, it
experiences a loss known
as penetration loss which
affect the signal strength
received inside the
building. (outdoor-to-
indoor reception)
Penetration loss
contributes to the overall
loss of a communication
link. Building penetration
loss accounts for the
increase in attenuation of
the received signal
observed when the
mobile is moved from
outside to inside a
building.
PRESENTED BY OBASAN KEHINDE OLUSEGUN,
H/EE/17/0998

7. PRESENTED BY OBASAN KEHINDE OLUSEGUN, H/EE/17/0998
A GSM booster is also known as a
cell phone booster or a cell phone
amplifier and is an electronic
device that has been designed to
increase the signal strength for a
cell phone. The most common
frequencies are 824 – 849MHz
and 1850 – 1910MHz, with
average gain no less than 25dB to
ensure that the antenna captures
the incoming radio waves and
turn them into a stronger signal.
A UHF/VHF booster is a device that
is designed to boost the quality
and clarity of
both UHF and VHF signals. The
amplifier helps to buffer signals so
they can be
easily identified and selected,
while also helping to increase the
stability of the
signals for transmission or
reception.
Note: UHF ranges from 300MHz to
3GHz, VHF ranges from 30 to 300
MHz.
Wi-Fi Antenna Boosters
This is the type of antenna
booster operates at the 2.4GHz
and 5GHz band of the frequency
spectrum. The term Wi-Fi booster
can refer to a replacement
antenna that produces a
significant signal gain. Wi-Fi
boosters can also act as repeater
devices that can be placed at the
edge of a wireless signal to
rebroadcast it into a dead zone
(NDON, 2012)
CLASSIFICATION OF
ANTENNA BOOSTERS

8. HISTORICAL
DEVELOPMENT
PRESENTED BY OBASAN KEHINDE OLUSEGUN, H/EE/17/0998
The history of antenna
boosters can be traced
back to the 19th century
when the term "repeater"
originated with telegraphy
and referred to an
electromechanical device
used to regenerate
telegraph signals (Loring,
1878)
In 1916, the Audion tube
repeater was invented and
this made transcontinental
telephony practical. In the
1930s vacuum tube
repeaters using hybrid coils
became common, allowing
the use of thinner wires
In 1991, NCR, a computer
company that had become
a subsidiary of AT&T
(former American
Telephone and Telegraph
Company) invented the
precursor to 802.11
intended for use in cashier
systems. The first wireless
products were under the
name WaveLAN.

9. HISTORICAL
DEVELOPMENT
PRESENTED BY OBASAN KEHINDE OLUSEGUN, H/EE/17/0998
Vic Hayes is known as
the "father of Wi-Fi",
he was involved in
designing the initial
standards within the
IEEE. (Chamy, 2014)
In 1999, the Wi-Fi
Alliance was formed as
a trade association to
hold the Wi-Fi
trademark under
which most products
are sold. (Wi-Fi
Alliance Organization,
2014)
Wi-Fi for the home
began in earnest in
1999 with the release
of routers, or wireless
access points, that
used technology based
on the first two
commercial
wireless standards:
802.11a and 802.11b.
Wi-Fi as a subset of
computer networking
became IEEE 802.11.

10. RELATED WORKS
(A.M.D. Turkmani, 1991)
investigated propagation
into and within buildings at
1800MHz. This was
carried out using buildings
in the university of
Liverpool. Measurements
of the mean signal level
were made in rooms and
corridors The rate of
change of the mean signal
level for signals travelling
within buildings was on
average of 8.3dB per floor
(J.B. Hasted and M.A.
Shah, 1964) measured data
and empirical models for
5.85GHz radio propagation
path loss in and around
residential areas. In their
report, three homes and
two stands of trees were
studied for outdoor path
loss, tree loss, and house
penetration loss but there
was no evidence that the
building pattern
contributed to either signal
loss or gain.
(O. Omorogiwa, 2009)
studied the investigation of
propagation path loss
characteristics of GSM
signals at 1.8GHz in Benin
City, Nigeria. the received
power was measured from
a distance from the base
station for various
environments, and
concluded that the path
loss of Benin City ranged
from 2.8 dB to 3.7 dB with
an average range
determined to be 3.8 dB.
PRESENTED BY OBASAN KEHINDE OLUSEGUN, H/EE/17/0998

11. RELATED WORKS
(Attah, 2013), worked
on the Outdoor-to-
Indoor Propagation
Characteristics of 850
MHz and 1900 MHz
bands in Macro-Cellular
Environments. Four
buildings were studied
aiming to provide first
order statistics of the
signal coverage inside
buildings.
The results showed that
the mean building
penetration loss for the
ground floor was about
15 dB, with standard
deviation of 3.5 dB.
Additionally, the
average rate of the
change of penetration
loss with height was
0.58 dB per meter.
(Attah, 2013), showed
propagation
characteristics of 1900
MHz for both GSM and
UMTS Systems. Analysis
showed that the mean
building penetration
loss for all measured
signals at the ground
floor was about 16 dB.
PRESENTED BY OBASAN KEHINDE OLUSEGUN, H/EE/17/0998

12. Existing Signal Strength
PRESENTED BY OBASAN KEHINDE OLUSEGUN, H/EE/17/0998

13. Available Signal Strength
PRESENTED BY OBASAN KEHINDE OLUSEGUN, H/EE/17/0998

14. PRESENTED BY OBASAN KEHINDE OLUSEGUN, H/EE/17/0998
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF A
SIGNAL BOOSTER NETWORK
RECEIVING ANTENNA
(Donor)
SIGNAL BOOSTER
CIRCUIT
(using LM386)
TRANSMITTING
MEDIUM
TRANSMITTING
ANTENNAS
SIGNAL SPLITTER
POWER SUPPLY
UNIT

15. PRESENTED BY OBASAN KEHINDE OLUSEGUN, H/EE/17/0998

16. PRESENTED BY OBASAN KEHINDE OLUSEGUN, H/EE/17/0998
SIGNAL BOOSTER CIRCUIT
DIAGRAM

17. CONCLUSION AND RECOMENDATIONS
In conclusion, with this device
users can now enjoy a
seamless, uninterrupted and
reliable data communication
and phone calls. They can also
trap wireless signals that are
beyond the reach of their
inbuilt wireless card and they
can obtain/enjoy stronger
signal strengths across longer
ranges.
This project write-up should
serve as an aid to any
subsequent project work on
design and construction of a
signal booster.
With this project work
improved upon, a device that
will be very useful can be
created which will rival other
available boosters in the
market, especially with its
affordability.
This project work should not
end here, Companies,
Entrepreneurs and Investors
should take it up from here so
that we can enjoy a seamless,
uninterrupted and reliable
data communication across
long ranges without dead
zones.
I will also recommend this
project to be executed
massively in all buildings with
low or weak signals in the
school (Federal Polytechnic,
Ilaro)
PRESENTED BY OBASAN KEHINDE OLUSEGUN, H/EE/17/0998