This document provides information on notable scientists from different countries and their contributions to science. It discusses foreign scientists like Antonie van Leeuwenhoek who discovered microorganisms under the microscope, Isaac Newton who formulated laws of motion and gravity, and Louis Pasteur who developed vaccines. It also mentions Filipino scientists like Dolores Ramirez who contributed to crop development and Paulo Campos who established the first medical research laboratory in the Philippines. Finally, it outlines important scientific attitudes like curiosity, skepticism, open-mindedness, and creativity that help scientists in their exploration and discovery.

1. NOTABLE
SCIENTISTS

2. Foreign Scientists
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
• Father of
Microbiology
• First to discover
blood cells, sperm
cells and bacteria.

3. Isaac Newton
• Invented integral
calculus.
• He defined the laws of
motion and gravity
that led him to predict
the movement of
heavenly bodies.
• Constructed the first
reflecting telescope.

4. Louis Pasteur
• Contributed to the
development of
vaccines like rabies.
• Described the scientific
basis for fermentation
and preservation of
food.

5. Michael Faraday
• Pioneered in
experimenting
electricity and
magnetism.

6. Benjamin Franklin
• Undertook major
experiments with
electricity.
• Identified lightning
as an electricity.

7. Robert Hooke
• The first man to
use the word
“cell”.

8. Stephen Hawking
• Explained that black
holes are not
completely black but
instead radiation.

9. Albert Einstein
• The man of 21st
century
• Studied about the
existence of stars in
space and why
nuclear is so
powerful in his work
the general theory of
relativity.

10. Filipino Scientists
Dolores Ramirez
• A biochemical
geneticist.
• Contributed
development on crops.

11. Lourdes Cruz
• Utilizes chemistry
concepts in studying
biological processes.

12. Paulo Campos
• Father of Nuclear
Medicine in the
Philippines.
• Established first
medical research
laboratory

13. Scientific Attitudes

14. –Good scientists share scientific
attitudes, or habits of mind, that lead
them to exploration and discovery.
– Curiosity, skepticism, open-
mindedness, and creativity help
scientists generate new ideas.

15. Skepticism
– Good scientists are skeptics, which means that
they question existing ideas and hypotheses,
and they refuse to accept explanations without
evidence.
– Scientists who disagree with hypotheses
design experiments to test them.
– Supporters of hypotheses also undertake
rigorous testing of their ideas to confirm them
and to address any valid questions raised.

16. Curiosity
– A curious researcher, for example, may look
at a salt marsh and immediately ask, “What’s
that plant? Why is it growing here?”
– Often, results from previous studies also
spark curiosity and lead to new questions.

17. Open-Mindedness
– Scientists must remain open-minded,
meaning that they are willing to accept
different ideas that may not agree with their
hypothesis.

18. Creativity
– Researchers need to think creatively to
design experiments that yield accurate
data.