Health System in India, Organization and Administration of health Services in India

1. Mrs.Nagamani.T
Associate Professor
QHC School of Nursing

2. Unit
Learnin
g
objectiv
e
Contents Hr
Teaching
learning
Activities
Assessment
methods
I Explain
the
health
system
in
Heath system in India
Organization and
administration of health
system in India at
a) Central level
- Union Ministry
- Directorate General of
Health Services
- Central Council of
Health
b) State level
- State Health
Administration
- State Ministry of Health
- State Health Directorate
c) District level
- Sub Divisions
- Tehsils/ Talukas
- Villages
- Municipalities &
Corporation
10 Lecture
cum
discussion
Short answer
India Objective type
Organizationa
l
chart of
various
Essay type
levels
Visit to
Municipalit
y
Office,
Panchayat
office, Health
block office,
CHC

3.  India has a vast health care system, but there
remain many differences in quality between
rural and urban areas as well as between
public and private health care.
 India's Ministry of Health was established with
independence from Britain in 1947. The
government has made health a priority in its
series of five-year plans, each of which
determines state spending priorities for the
coming five years.

4. 5,000 year old ancient
civilization
325 languages spoken – 1,652
dialects
 18 official languages
3.28 million sq. kilometers -
Area
 7,516 kilometers - Coastline
 >1 Billion population.
Worlds largest democracy.

5. Worlds 4th largest economy.
Largest English speaking nation
in the world.
 3rd largest standing army force
2nd largest pool of scientists
and engineers in the World.

6.  India is a union of 29 states and 7 union territories.
 States are largely independent in matters relating to
the delivery of health care to the people.
 Each state has developed its own system of health
care delivery, independent of the Central Government.
 The Central Government’s responsibility consists
mainly of policy making , planning , guiding, assisting,
evaluating and coordinating the work of the State
Health Ministries.

7.  States are largely independent in
matters relating to the delivery of
health care to the people.
 Each state has developed its own system
of health care delivery, independent of
theCentral Government.
 The Central Government responsibility
consists mainly of policy making , planning
, guiding, assisting, evaluating and
coordinating the workof the State Health
Ministries.

8.  President of India
 Shri Pranab Mukherjee

9. Vice President of India
Muhammed Hamid Ansari

10. Prime Minister of India
shri Narendra Modi

11.  The official “organs” of the health system at the
national level consistof
1.Ministry of Health and FamilyWelfare
UNIOUN MINISTER OF HEALTH
Shree Jagat Prasad Nadda
2.The Directorate General of Health
Services
3.The Central Council of Health and Family
Welfare

13. The official “organs” of health system at
national level are

16. Union list
 International health relations and administration of port
quarintine
 Administration of Central Institutes
 Promotion of research
 Regulation and development of medical, pharmaceutical, dental
and nursing professions
 Establishment and maintenance of drug standards
 Census and collection and publication of other statistical data
 Coordination with states

17. cont….
 Prevention of Communicable disease
 Prevention of food adulteration
 Control of drug and poison
 Vital statistics
 Labour welfare
 Economic and social planning
 Poulation control and family planning

20. General functions
 Surveys
 Planning
 Coordination
 Programming and appraisal of all health matters
Specific function
 International health relations and quarantine of all major
ports in country and international airport.
 Control of drug standards
 Maintain medical store depots
 Administration of post graduate training programmes

21. Council of
 Administration of certain medical colleges in India
 Conducting medical research through Indian
Medical Research ( ICMR )
 Central Government Health Schemes.
 Implementation of national health programmes
 Preparation of health education material for creating health
awareness through Health Education Bureau
 Collection, compilation, analysis, evaluation and
dissemination of information
 National Medical Library

24. To consider and recommend broad outlines of
policy related to matters concerning health like
environment hygiene, nutrition and health
education.
To recommend guidelines in all aspects of health
i.e. preventive, promotive, curative & rehabilitative.
To make proposals for legislation relating to
medical and public health matters.
To make recommendations to the Central
Government regarding distribution of grants-in-
aid.

27. Functions:
1. Study and evaluation of health problems,
planning and implementing measures
against health problems.
2. Supervision of Primary Health Centres and
its staff through District Health Officer.
3.Responsible for prevention of any
outbreak of communicable diseases
4. Collection, tabulation and publication of
vital statistics.

28. 5.Promotion of all health programmes, including
National Health Programmes.
6. Training of In Service personnel.
7. Recruitment of Health Personnel for rural
health services.
8.Co ordination of health services with other
Ministeries of State and voluntary agencies.

29. There are 593 ( year 2001 census) districts in
India. Within each district, there are 6 types of
administrative areas.
1. Sub –division
2. Tehsils ( Talukas )
3. Community Development Blocks
4. Municipalities and Corporations
5. Villages and
6. Panchayats

30. Districts
Tehsils /Talukas (200-600
villages)
Community Development Blocks
(approx 100 Villages & 80,000 -
1.2 Lac Pop)
Municipalities & Corporations
Municipal Board
(10,000- 2 Lac Pop)
Corporations (> 2 lac
pop)
Town Area Committee
(5,000-10,000 Pop)
Panchayats
Villages

31.  Finally therearevillage panchayats, which are institutes
of rural local self government.
The Urban Area
Townarea
committees-
in area with population ranging between5,000-
12,000
Municipal Boards-
in area with population between 10,000-2lakhs
Corporations-
with population above 2lakhs

32.  The townarea providesanitary services.
 The municipal boards are headed by chairmanor
president, elected by themembers.
 The term of a municipal board ranges between3-5
years, & functionsare
a. Construction & maintenance of roads
b. Sanitation & drainage
c. Street lighting & watersupply
d. Maintenance of hospitals &dispensaries
e. Education & registration of births & deathsetc.

33.  Corporations are headed by Mayors,
electedfrom different wards of thecity.
 Theexecutiveagency includes the
Commissioner, the Secretary, the Engineer &
the HealthOfficer.
 The activitiesare same as municipalities
buton a much widerscale.

34. Panchayati Raj
 It is a 3 tierstructureof rural local self government in
India, linking the village to the district. The 3
institutionsare;
1. Panchayat- at the villagelevel
2. Panchayat Samiti- atthe block level
3. Zila Parishad- at the districtlevel
 The Panchayati Raj institutions are acceptedas
agencies of publicwelfare.
 All development programmes arechannelled
through them.

37.  They strengthendemocracy at its root, & ensure more
effective & better participation of the people in the
government.
1. At thevillage level Itconsistsof
(a) The Gram Sabha
(b) The Gram Panchayat
(c) The Nyaya Panchayat
Gram Sabha- Theassemblyof all theadultsof thevillage,
which meetsat least twiceayear.
 Itconsiders proposals for taxation, discuss theannual
programme & elects members of itself.

38.  Gram Panchayat
 An agency for planning & developmentat thevillage
level.
 Itsstrengthvaries from 15 to 30, & populationcovered
varies widely from 5,000-15,000 ormore.
 The members hold office fora period of 3 to 4 years.
 Every panchayat has an elected President(Sarpanch
/Sabhapati /Mukhiya), a vice President & aPanchayat
Secretary.

39. The functions- Theycover theentire field of civicadministration
including
 sanitation & public health
 social & economicdevelopmentof thevillage
 maintenance of roads, wells, schools, burning and burial
grounds, sanitation, public health, libraries, reading rooms,
community centre etc.
 The Panchayat also keeps records of births and deaths.
 It makes necessary provisions for the promotion of agriculture
and animal husbandry, cottage industries, co-operative societies
etc.

40.  It seeks to ensure a minimum standard of
cultivation for raising agricultural production.
 In addition, the Panchayat also acts as the
agent of the Panchayat Samiti in executing
schemes of development at the village level.

41. The minor disputes among residents of
village are also settled by the Village
Nyaya Panchayat.

42. 2. Panchayat Samiti
The Panchayat Samiti is the second on join tier of the
Panchayati Raj At the Blocklevel
 Itconsistsof about 100 villages & a populationof about
80,000 to 1,20,000.
 The Panchayati Raj agency at the block level is the
Panchayat Samiti /Janpada Panchayat.
 The Panchayat Samiti generally consists of-
(1) about twenty members elected by and from the
Panches of all the Panchayats falling in the block area;
(2) two women members and one member each from
the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes to be co-
opted, provided they do not get adequate representation
otherwise;

43.  Itconsistsof all Sarpanchasof thevillage panchayats
in the Block; MLAs, MPs residing in the block area;
representatives of women, scheduled castes,
scheduled tribes & cooperativesocieties.
 The Block Development Officer is the ex-official
secretaryof it, & his staff giveassistant to thevillage
panchayats engaged in developmentprogrammes.
 Function-
 Executionof thecommunitydevelopmentprogramme
in the block

44.  The President of the Panchayat Samiti is the Pradhan, who is
elected by all members of the Panchayat Samiti.
 Besides the Pradhan, the Up-pradhan is also elected. The
Pradhan convenes and presides over the Panchayat Samiti
meetings. He guides the Panchayats in making plans and
carrying out production programmes.

45. The principal function of the Panchayat Samiti is
 to coordinate the activities of the various Panchayats within
its jurisdiction.
 The Panchayat Samiti supervises the work of the Panchayats
and scrutinises their budgets.
 It also reserves the right to suggest measures for improving
the functioning of the Panchayats.
 The Samiti is charged with the responsibility of preparing
and implementing plans for the development of agriculture,
animal to SU (husbandry, fisheries, small scale and cottage
industries, rural health tropic etc.

46. 3. Zilla Parishad: At the Districtlevel
 The Zilla Parishad is theagency of rural local self govt.
at the districtlevel.
 The members are all heads of the Panchayat Samities
in the district; MPs, MLAs of the district,
representatives of scheduled castes, scheduled tribes&
women , & 2 persons of experience in administration,
rural development.
 Thecollector is a nonvoting member, the members
varying from 40-70.

47.  The Chairman of the Zilla Parishad is elected from among
its members.
 There is a Chief Executive Officer in the Zilla Parishad.
 He is deputed to the Zilla Parishad by the State
Government.
 There are subject matter specialists or officers at the
district level in all the states for various development
programmes.

48.  The zilla parishad is primarily supervisory &
coordinating body.
 The District Health Officer ( CDHO)
& the District Family Planning & MCH Officers
(RCHO) are under the control of the zilla panchayat.

49.  The Zilla Parishad, for the most part, performs co-
ordinating and supervisory functions.
 It coordinates the activities of the Panchayat Samitis
falling within its jurisdiction.
 In certain states the Zilla Parishad also approves the
budgets of the Panchayat Samitis.
 The Zilla Parishad also renders necessary advice to the
Government with regard to the implementation of the
various development schemes.
 It is also responsible for the maintenance of primary and
secondary schools, hospitals, dispensaries, minor
irrigation works etc. It also promotes local industries and
art.