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製藥過程與生技產業趨勢
2015/9/16
藥從哪裡來
❖研發
❖臨床試驗
❖中央衛生機關核准
藥物研發
❖ 初期開發(Discovery and Development)
➢Drug Discovery
■ 化合物篩選
➢Drug Development
■ 吸收,分佈,代謝,排泄
■ 劑量
■ 毒性
❖ 臨床前實驗(Preclinical Research)
➢ 藥效(pharmacodynamics)
➢ 藥動力(pharmacokinetics) - ADME
❖ IND(Investigational New Drug) Application
臨床試驗
❖ Key Players
➢ CRO (Contract Research Organization)
➢ 藥廠贊助 (Sponsor)
➢ 合作醫院
❖ 一期臨床試驗
➢ 藥物安全性與劑量 (safety & dosage)
❖ 二期臨床試驗
➢ 療效與副作用 (efficacy & side effects)
❖ 三期臨床試驗
➢ 療效與不良反應(efficacy & adverse reaction)
中央衛生機關核准
❖審查與上市
➢NDA (New Drug Application)
➢FDA 審查
■FDA & EMA通過 - 台灣走精簡審查 & 銜接性試驗
評估
➢核准上市
❖專利期
❖學名藥 (off-patent or generic drug)
生技製藥產業
❖特性
➢研發時程久
➢高投資,高風險
❖大藥廠解決方法
➢與小藥廠合作
➢milestone
➢marketing
生技製藥趨勢
❖抗生素
➢細菌抗藥性
❖抗癌症藥物
➢傳統:手術,放射,藥物
➢標靶藥物
❖HIV
➢HAART
❖罕病, Lifestyle drugs
參考資料
❖美國食品藥物管理局 www.fda.gov
❖財團法人醫藥品查驗中心 www.cde.org.tw
❖維基百科 www.wikipedia.org
謝謝大家
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製藥過程與生技產業趨勢

Editor's Notes

  1. On average 1/5000 compounds become the drug, only 10% of drugs pass clinical trials pharmacodynamics: what the drug does to the body (agonizing or antagonizing, etc) pharmacokinetics: what the body does to the drug animal testing mostly use mice or dogs avg cost to make a drug - 500 million to 2 billion