Algoritma

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MustafaGl26

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Technology

Problem Nedir?
Problem, çözülmesi gereken sorun ya da aşılması
gereken engel anlamına gelir.
Günlük hayatta sık sık problemlerle karşılaşırız.
Karşılaştığınız bir problemi
çözmek için ne yaparsınız?

Bir Problemin Çözümü İçin…
Problemi
iyi
anlamak
Kısa ve
anlaşılır
biçimde
çözmek
Ve sonucun
doğruluğunu
kontrol etmek

Problem Çözme
Günlük yaşamda karşılaştığımız
problemleri bilerek veya farkında
olmadan adım adım çözmeye
çalışırız.
Örneğin yazı yazarken kaleminizin
ucu kırıldığında şu adımları takip
ederek bu sorunu çözersiniz.
1. Kalemtıraşı çıkar.
2. Kalemi al.
3. Çöp kovasının yanına git.
4. Kalemin ucunu aç.
5. Sırana geri dön.
6. Yazmaya devam et.

Peki Ya Bilgisayarlar?
Bilgisayarlar da problemleri tıpkı bizler gibi
çözmeye çalışır. Kullanıcı tarafından
kendisine verilen komutları adım adım
uygulayarak problemin çözümüne ulaşır.
Kullandığımız yazılımların tamamı «kod»
adı verilen bilgisayarın anlayacağı dilde
yazılmış özel komutlardan oluşur.
Bu kodlar bilgisayar yazılımcıları tarafından
yazılır.

Kodlamadan Önce…
Kodlamaya başlamadan önce oluşturacağımız
yazılımın adım adım ne yapacağını
tasarlamamız gerekir.
İşte açık ve net ifadelerle problemin adım adım
çözümünü gösteren bu taslağa
«algoritma» adı verilir.
Programlamanın ilk adımı algoritma
oluşturmaktır.

Algoritma
Bir problemin çözümünde izlenecek yol
anlamına gelir ve problemin çözümünün
adımlar halinde yazılmasıyla oluşturulur.
Algoritma basamaklarının bir başlangıcı ve
sonu bulunur.
Her adımda yapılacak işlem açıkça
belirtilir.

Örnek Algoritma
Şimdi basit bir problemin çözümünü gösteren bir algoritma hazırlayalım.
Adım 1: Başla
Adım 2: Yoğurdu kaba koy.
Adım 3: Su ekle.
Adım 4: Çırp.
Adım 5: Tuz koy.
Adım 6: Bardağa doldur.
Adım 7: Bitir.
Ayran yapıp bardağa dolduralım.

Örnek Algoritma - 2
Adım 1: Başla
Adım 2: Sürücü koltuğuna geç.
Adım 3: Emniyet kemerini tak.
Adım 4: Aynaları kontrol et.
Adım 5: Anahtarı tak.
Adım 6: Kontağı çevir.
Adım 7: El frenini indir.
Adım 8: Vitese geç.
Adım 9: Gaza bas.
Adım 10: Bitir.
Arabayı çalıştırıp yola çıkalım.

Neden Algoritma Kullanıyoruz?
Sizce kodlamaya başlamadan önce niçin algoritma hazırlıyoruz?
Gerekli tüm bilgi ve birikime sahipsiniz ve sizden bir bina yapmanız isteniyor.
Yapacağınız ilk iş ne olurdu?

Neden Algoritma Kullanıyoruz?
Oluşturacağımız yazılımın kusursuz olması için öncelikle her adımını
gösteren planını, yani algoritmasını hazırlamalıyız.

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Algoritma

1. ALGORİTMA

2. Problem Nedir? Problem, çözülmesi gereken sorun ya da aşılması gereken engel anlamına gelir. Günlük hayatta sık sık problemlerle karşılaşırız. Karşılaştığınız bir problemi çözmek için ne yaparsınız?

3. Bir Problemin Çözümü İçin… Problemi iyi anlamak Kısa ve anlaşılır biçimde çözmek Ve sonucun doğruluğunu kontrol etmek

4. Problem Çözme Günlük yaşamda karşılaştığımız problemleri bilerek veya farkında olmadan adım adım çözmeye çalışırız. Örneğin yazı yazarken kaleminizin ucu kırıldığında şu adımları takip ederek bu sorunu çözersiniz. 1. Kalemtıraşı çıkar. 2. Kalemi al. 3. Çöp kovasının yanına git. 4. Kalemin ucunu aç. 5. Sırana geri dön. 6. Yazmaya devam et.

5. Peki Ya Bilgisayarlar? Bilgisayarlar da problemleri tıpkı bizler gibi çözmeye çalışır. Kullanıcı tarafından kendisine verilen komutları adım adım uygulayarak problemin çözümüne ulaşır. Kullandığımız yazılımların tamamı «kod» adı verilen bilgisayarın anlayacağı dilde yazılmış özel komutlardan oluşur. Bu kodlar bilgisayar yazılımcıları tarafından yazılır.

6. Kodlamadan Önce… Kodlamaya başlamadan önce oluşturacağımız yazılımın adım adım ne yapacağını tasarlamamız gerekir. İşte açık ve net ifadelerle problemin adım adım çözümünü gösteren bu taslağa «algoritma» adı verilir. Programlamanın ilk adımı algoritma oluşturmaktır.

7. Algoritma Bir problemin çözümünde izlenecek yol anlamına gelir ve problemin çözümünün adımlar halinde yazılmasıyla oluşturulur. Algoritma basamaklarının bir başlangıcı ve sonu bulunur. Her adımda yapılacak işlem açıkça belirtilir.

8. Örnek Algoritma Şimdi basit bir problemin çözümünü gösteren bir algoritma hazırlayalım. Adım 1: Başla Adım 2: Yoğurdu kaba koy. Adım 3: Su ekle. Adım 4: Çırp. Adım 5: Tuz koy. Adım 6: Bardağa doldur. Adım 7: Bitir. Ayran yapıp bardağa dolduralım.

9. Örnek Algoritma - 2 Adım 1: Başla Adım 2: Sürücü koltuğuna geç. Adım 3: Emniyet kemerini tak. Adım 4: Aynaları kontrol et. Adım 5: Anahtarı tak. Adım 6: Kontağı çevir. Adım 7: El frenini indir. Adım 8: Vitese geç. Adım 9: Gaza bas. Adım 10: Bitir. Arabayı çalıştırıp yola çıkalım.

10. Neden Algoritma Kullanıyoruz? Sizce kodlamaya başlamadan önce niçin algoritma hazırlıyoruz? Gerekli tüm bilgi ve birikime sahipsiniz ve sizden bir bina yapmanız isteniyor. Yapacağınız ilk iş ne olurdu?

11. Neden Algoritma Kullanıyoruz? Oluşturacağımız yazılımın kusursuz olması için öncelikle her adımını gösteren planını, yani algoritmasını hazırlamalıyız.

12. Son

Algoritma

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