2. CANCER
CANCER REFFERS TO ANY ONE OF
A LARGE NUMBER OF ABNORMAL
CELL THAT DIVIDES
UNCONTROLLABLY AND HAVE THE
ABILITY TO INFILTRATE AND
DESTROY NORMAL BODY TISSUE.
IT HAS THE ABILITY TO SPREAD
THROUGHOUT THE BODY
3. COLON
IS THE EXTENSION OF THE LARGE
INTESTINE FOUND AT THE LOWER
PART OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
4. COLONIC CANCER
IS THE CANCER OF THE LARGE
INTESTINE (COLON), THE LOWER
PART OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM.
RECTAL CANCER IS THE CANCER
OF THE LAST SEVERAL INCHES OF
THE COLON. TOGETHER, THEY ARE
REFFERED TO AS COLORECTAL
CANCER
5. MOST CASES OF COLON CANCER
BEGINS AS SMALL,
NONCANCEROUS (BENIGN)
CLUMPS OF CELLS CALLED
ADENOMATOUS POLYPS. OVER
TIMES, SOME OF THESE POLYPS
BECOMES COLON CANCER
6. SYMPTOMS
• A CHANGE IN THE BOWEL
HABITS, INCLUDING DIARRHEA
OR CONTIPATION OR CHANGE IN
THE CONSISTENCY OF THE
STOOL.
• RECTAL BLEEDING OR BLOOD IN
THE STOOL
7. SYMPTOMS CONTD
• PERSISTENT ABDOMINAL
DISCOMFORT, SUCH AS
CRAMPS,GAS OR PAIN.
• WEAKNESS OR FATIGUE.
• A FEELING THAT YOUR BOWEL IS
NOT COMPLETELY EMPTY.
• UNEXPLAINED WEIGHT LOSS.
8. CAUSES
• IN MOST CASES, ITS NOT CLEAR
THE CAUSES OF COLON CANCER,
DOCTORS BELIEVED THAT COLON
CANCER OCCURS WHEN
HEALTHY CELLS IN THE COLON
BECOME ALTERED
9. • PRECANCEROUS GROWTHS IN
THE COLON: IT BEGINS AS
CLUMPS OF PRECANCEROUS
CELLS (POLYPS) ON THE INSIDE
LINING OF THE COLON. POLYPS
CAN APPEAR MUSHROOM-
SHAPED, OR THEY CAN BE FLAT
OR RECESSED INTO THE COLON
WALL
10. • INHERITED GENE MUTATION
THAT INCREASED THE RISK OF
COLON CANCERS: THIS CAN BE
PASSED THROUGH FAMILIES, BUT
ONLY A SMALL PERCENTAGE OF
THESE INHERITED GENES ARE
LINKED TO COLON CANCER, THE
MOST COMMON FORMS OF
INHERITED COLON CANCER
SYNDROME ARE
11. FAMILIAL ADENOMATOUS
POLYPOSIS ( FAP)
• FAP IS A RAREDISORDER THAT
CAUSES YOU TO DEVELOP
THOUSANDS OF POLYPS IN THE
LINING OF YOUR COLON AND
RECTUM. PEOPLE WITH
UNTREATED FAP HAVE A
GREATER RISK OF COLON
CANCER BEFORE AGE 40
12. HEREDITARY NONPOLYPOSIS
COLORECTAL CANCER (HNPCC)
• ALSO CALLED LYNCH SYNDROME,
INCREASES RISK OF COLON
CANCER. PEOPLE WITH HNPCC
TEND TO DEVELOP COLON
CANCER BEFORE AGE 50
13. RISK FACTORS
• OLDER AGE : MAJORITY OF PEOPLE
DIAGNOSED WITH COLON CANCER
ARE OLDER THAN 50, IT CAN
OCCUR IN YOUNGER PEOPLE, BUT
OCCURS MUCH LESS FREQUENTLY.
• AFRICAN-AMERICAN RACE: HAVE
GREATER RISK OF COLON CANCER
THAN PEOPLE OF OTHER RACES
14. RISK FACTOR CONTD
• PERSONAL HISTORY OF
COLORECTAL CANCER OR
POLYPS: IF ONE HAD COLON
CANCER AND ADENOMATOUS
POLYPS HISTORY, THE CHANCES
OF DEVELOPING COLON CANCER
IS HIGH.
15. RISK FACTOS CONTD
• INFLAMATORY INTESTINAL
CONDITIONS: CHRONIC
INFLAMATORY DISEASES OF THE
COLON SUCH AS ULCERATIVE
COLITIS AND CROHN’S DISEASE
(INFLAMATORY BOWEL DISEASE)
CAN INCREASE COLON CANCER
16. RISK FACTORS CONTD
• FAMILY HISTORY OF COLON
CANCER AND COLON POLYPS: IF
MORE THAN ONE FAMILY
MEMBERS HAS COLON CANCER
OR RECTAL CANCER, THE RISK IS
EVEN GREATER.
17. RISK FACTORS CONTD
• LOW FIBRE, HIGH-FAT DIETS: MAY
BE ASSOCIATED WITH A DIET
LOW IN FIBER AND HIGH IN FAT
AND CALORIES ESPECIALLY IN
PEOPLE WHO EATS DIETS HIGH
IN RED MEATS.
18. RISK FACTORS CONTD
• A SENDANTARY LIFESTYLE: IF
YOU ARE INACTIVE, THE
TENDENCY TO HAVE COLON
CANCER IS HIGH, HENCE
REGULAR PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES
MAY REDUCE COLON CANCE
19. RISK FACTORS CONTD
• DIABETES
• OBEISITY
• SMOKING
• ALCOHOL
• RADIATION THERAPHY FOR
CANCER
20. STAGING COLON CANCER
• ONCE BEING DIAGNOSED OF COLON
CANCER, THE DOCTOR WILL
DETERMINE THE EXTENT OF THE
STAGE USUALLY BY ABDOMINAL
AND CHEST CT SCAN.
• STAGE 1 : THE CANCER HAS GROWN
THROUGH THE SUPERFICIAL
LINING OF THE COLON OR RECTUM
BUT HASN’T SPREAD BEYOUND THE
RECTUM WALL.
21. STAGING CONTD
• STAGE 2: THE CANCER HAS
GROWN INTO THE WALL OF THE
RECTUM BUT HAS NOT SPREAD
TO THE NERABY LYMPH NODES
• STAGE 3: HAS INVADED THE
LYMPH NODES BUT HAS NOT
AFFECTED OTHER PARTS OF THE
BODY
22. STAGING CONTD
• STAGE 4 : THE CANCER HAS
SPREAD TO DISTANCE SITES
SUCH AS OTHER ORGANS EG THE
LIVER AND THE LUNGS
23. LIFESTYLE AND HOME
REMEDIES
• EAT VARIETIES OF FRUITS,
VEGETABLES AND WHOLE GRAINS
• DRINK ALCOHOL IN MODERATION IF
AT ALL
• STOP SMOKING
• EXERCISE MOST DAYS OF THE
WEEK
• MAINTAIN A HEALTHY WEIGHT
24. TREATMENT
• DETOXIFY : COLON TEA,
CONSTILEASE AND GASTRIFORT.
• DEWORM : QINGHAO
• REISHI, GOLDEN HYPHA,
ULTRAMEGA AND CORDY ACTIVE
