TRANSPORT SAFETY AND REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS FOR LICENCING LAND
1. TRANSPORT SAFETY AND REGULATORY
REQUIREMENTS FOR LICENCING LAND
TRANSPORT OF CLASS 7 DANGEROUS
GOODS
By
Muhammad, BELLO GUSAU
Department of Authorization and Enforcement
3. Objectives
Upon completion of this presentation, we should be
able to:
Understand the basic approaches to transport
safety
Safety is a mirror image of security
Recognize that transport safety measures
established by application of the IAEA/NNRA
Transport Regulations complement any measures
that will be put in place for security during transport
Understand the regulatory requirements for
licensing land transport of Radioactive Material
(RM)
4. Introduction
United Nation Dangerous Goods (DGs) Classification
A united Nations (UN) sub-committee of Experts classifies
DGs into NINE CLASESS. And this is the basis for
dangerous goods transport regulations world wide.
Radioactive Material is classified in class 7
The other classes includes;
Class 1-Explosives
Class 2-Gases
Class 3-Flammable Liquids
Class 4-Flammable Solids
Class 5- Oxidizing Substance and Organic Peroxides
Class 6-Toxic and Infectious Substance
Class 8-Corrosive Substances
Class 9-Miscellaneous DGs and Environmentally
Hazardous Substances
5. Introduction cont.
Radioactive Material are widely use in
every day life in a wide range of
activities. According to IAEA, 10
million package shipments of RM take
place each year. In Nigeria, we do not
produce radioactive material,
therefore, RM need to be imported
and transported from the port of entry
to the various facilities.
6. Introduction Cont.
Transport comprises all operations and
conditions associated with and involved in the
movement of radioactive materials; these
includes the designing, loading,
manufacturing, maintaining and repairing of
packaging, and the preparation, consigning,
loading, carriage including in–transit storage,
unloading and receipt at the final destination
of loads of radioactive materials and
packages.
Movement could be by road or rail
7. Introduction cont.
For the purpose of this presentation
IAEA/NNRA Regulations for the Safe
Transport of Radioactive Material, and
Regulatory Requirements for licensing
land transport of Radioactive Material will
be discussed
8. Legal Basis for Regulating Safety of
Transport of Radioactive Material
8
Since 1959, the IAEA has had the
mandate for the drafting of
recommendations on the transport of
radioactive substances
The IAEA Director General was authorized
to:
– promulgate the Regulations for the Safe
Transport of Radioactive Material, and
– recommend to the Governments of Member
States that the Regulations be used in
formulating national regulations
9. Regulations for the Safe
Transport of Radioactive Material
9
The result of this mandate
has been the issuing of the
IAEA Regulations for the
Safe Transport of
Radioactive Material
The latest edition of this set
of recommendations was
issued in 2005
It is the basis for binding
regulations at the
international modal level and
at the individual State level
10. 10
The International Regulation of the
Transport of all Dangerous Goods
UN Economic and
Social Council
IAEA
(Vienna) ICAO IMO UPU UNECE
UN Committee
of Experts
(Geneva)
Regulations for the Safe
Transport of Radioactive
Material (Class 7)
Recommendations for
the Transport
of Dangerous Goods
(Classes 1-6 & 8-9)
Regional/European
Road, Rail and Inland
Waterway Transport
Agreements
South American
MERCOSUR/MERCOSUL
National
Regulations
11. Safe Transport of
Radioactive Guidance Material
11
The IAEA Transport Regulations are
supplemented by various guidance
documents including
• a set of advisory material (TS-G-1.1), and
• a guide on planning and preparing
for emergency response to
transport accidents (TS-G-1.2)
• A guide on radiation protection
(TS-G-1.3)
12. Legal Basis cont.
Detailed requirements
Practice specific
requirements
or guidance
Principal requirements
Legislation
(Nuclear Safety and
Radiation Protection
Act of 1995)
Nigerian Transportation
of RS Regulations 2006
Codes of practice
(Regulatory
Requirements)
13. Legal Basis Cont.
Section 4-(1) Charged Nigerian Nuclear
Regulatory Authority (NNRA) with the
responsibility for nuclear safety and radiological
protection regulation in Nigeria
Section 6(a) Empowers the NNRA to categorize
and licence activities involving exposure to
ionizing radiation, in particular, the possession,
production, processing, manufacture, purchase,
sale, import, export, handling, use,
transformation, transfer, trading, assignment,
Transport, Storage and disposal of any
radioactive material, nuclear material,
radioactive waste and any apparatus emitting
ionizing radiation.
14. Legal Basis cont.
Section 40(1)-The Act shall apply to the
transportation of radioactive materials or waste by
land, water or air
40 (2)-In addition to the provisions of this act, the
general regulations for the transportation of
dangerous goods by land, water and air, including
the regulation on goods having hazardous
characteristics shall apply to the transportation of
radioactive material by land, water and air
Nigerian Transportation of Radioactive Sources
Regulations, 2006
15. Legal Basis cont.
40 (3) Radioactive materials or waste stored
in transit shall be stored and handled in
accordance with the regulations laid down in
the code of practice
Nigerian Safety and Security of Radioactive
Sources Regulations, 2006
41-A consignor, carrier and consignee of
radioactive materials shall have a valid
licence from the Authority well in advance
and prior to the delivery, transport and receipt
of any such materials
17. Safety Objective of the IAEA
Transport Regulations
17
The objective of the IAEA/NNRA Transport
Regulations is “to protect persons, property
and the environment from the effects of
radiation during the transport of radioactive
material. This protection is achieved by
requiring:
(a) containment of the radioactive contents;
(b) control of external radiation levels;
(c) prevention of criticality; and
(d) prevention of damage caused by heat.”
18. Achieving the Safety Objective of the
IAEA Transport Regulations
18
The objectives of the Regulations are achieved
First, by applying a graded approach to
contents limits for packages and conveyances
and to performance standards applied to
package designs depending upon the hazard
of the radioactive contents.
Second, by imposing requirements on the
design and operation of packages and on the
maintenance of packaging, including a
consideration of the nature of the radioactive
contents.
Third, by requiring administrative controls
including, where appropriate, approval by
competent authorities.
19. Preparatory Activities for Achieving Safe
Transport of Radioactive Material
19
Safety is first achieved by:
providing accurate and useful information
about radioactive contents to be transported
proper selection of a package for the material
proper preparation of the package for transport
Safety is then achieved through proper
controls and communication during all
phases of transport
20. Controls and Communications are
Key to both Safety and Security
20
All packages of radioactive material are
subject to a regime of control and
communication for safety purposes
The application of these controls and
communications is all part of:
Preparing the package for dispatch
Transporting the package from consignor to
consignee
The application of this regime assists in an
operator providing a proper security system
21. Package Requirements for Transport of
Radioactive Material
21
Package = packaging with its radioactive
contents
i.e Package= Packaging + Radioactive Material
There are 7 types of packages specified for
radioactive materials
Packages containing fissile material or uranium
hexafluoride are subject to additional
requirements
22. Types of Packages used for Transport
of Radioactive Material
22
Excepted package
for very small quantities
Industrial packages, Types IP-1, IP-2 and IP-3
for low specific activity materials and surface
contaminated objects
Type A package
limited to quantities less than A1 or A2 as applicable
Type B(U) and Type B(M) packages
may contain large quantities, accident resistant
Type C package
for air transport of large quantities, severe accident
resistant
23. Examples of Packages used for Transport of
Radioactive Material
23
Excepted package
Industrial packages, Types IP-1, IP-2 and IP-3
Type A package (containing less than
A1 or A2 as applicable)
Type B(U) and Type B(M) packages
Type C package
24. 24
The Control of Packages
Important Controls for Hazard Management
Radiation dose rate limits
Contamination limits
Activity limits
Use of exclusive use shipments
Separation & segregation
Package Preparation
Transport Index (TI)
Criticality Safety Index (CSI) ?
Satisfying limits on TI, CSI and radiation levels
Categorizing package
25. Transport Index (TI) Provides Control
for Radiation Exposure in Transport
25
The TI is a single number
assigned to a package to
provide control over
radiation exposure
The TI is included on each
packages radioactive label
II-Yellow and
III-Yellow
Labels
26. TI is an Important Control for
Radiation Exposure in Transport
26
The TI is used to establish:
Content limits on packages, overpacks,
tanks, or freight containers
Necessity of exclusive use shipments
Segregation requirements during storage
or transit
Mixing restrictions during transport or
storage under special arrangements
Limiting the number of packages in freight
container or conveyance
27. Determining
the Appropriate Category
27
The category of packages
determines the label
Three factors determine the
category:
Surface radiation level
Transport Index
Whether shipments are
made under special
arrangement
28. Categories of Packages and Overpacks
TS-R-1, Table VII (TS-R-1)
28
Transport Index Maximum radiation level at
any point on external surface
Category
0a Not more than 0.005 mSv/h I-WHITE
More than 0 but not
more than 10
More than 0.005 mSv/h but
not more than 0.5 mSv/h
II-YELLOW
More than 10 More than 2 mSv/h but
not more than 10 mSv/h
III-YELLOWb
TABLE VII. CATEGORIES OF PACKAGES AND OVERPACKS
a If the measured TI is not greater than 0.05, the value quoted my be zero in accordance with
para. 526(c).
b Shall also be transported under exclusive use.
30. Administrative Requirements
Completion and submission of NNRA
Authorization Application Form
Provision of a certified copies of Memorandum
and Article of Association, Certificate of
Incorporation with CAC and Particulars of First
Directors (Form C02 & C05)
Payment of applicable authorization fees
Accreditation Certificate for LT of RM N2,000,000 p.a.
Accreditation Certificate for FW of RM N1,000,000 p.a.
Registration of Vehicle to T RM N500,000 p.a per V
31. Administrative Requirements Cont.
Security arrangement for source
movement from one point to the
next.
Letter from Police Anti-Bomb
Squad to escort the sources
consignment from port to base
Vehicle’s particulars
32. Facility
The dedicated vehicle for transportation of RM
shall meet the following minimum requirements:
Provisions shall be made to secure packages
or over packs so that their positions within the
vehicle remain fixed during transportation
Vehicle must be equipped with an enclosure
which, during conditions of transport, prevents
the access of unauthorized persons to the
interior of the enclosure
Radiation levels shall not exceed 2mSv/hr at
any point on vehicle, and 0.1mSv/hr at 1m
from the surface of the containers
34. Radiation Protection Program (RPP)
RPP covers
Organizational structure
Personnel monitoring
Workplace monitoring
Local rules and Supervision
Emergency Procedure
Health Surveillance
35. Training and Personnel
Evidence of having staff that are trained in
radiation protection in the handling of
radioactive sources
Evidence of designation of a Radiation Safety
officer (RSO) indicating his job description
and authority to stop unsafe operation
Copies of CVs, academic and professional
qualifications of classified workers and their
appointment letters
36. Accredited Service
Contractual Service agreement with
NNRA accredited Dosimetry Service
Provider (DSP)
Service agreement with an NNRA
accredited Radiation Safety Adviser
(RSA) ?
37. 37
Summary
This presentation has not addressed the
proper selection, design and testing of
packages and placarding
Proper preparation of a package for
transport is essential to safety of workers,
the public and the environment
Requirements imposed for safety as
provided in TS-R-1 also provide a sound
method for assisting in communicating for
security purposes
– safety requirements and security measures
generally complement each other
38. Recommendations
The Authority may wish to:
i. Review the operational areas of RSA in line with
requirements of the NiBIRR
ii. Review and Update the regulatory requirements
for all practices involving the use of ionizing
radiation sources in Nigeria
iii. Put as part of the conditions of accreditation
certification for Land Transport of RM, that the
Licensee of Land Transport of RM shall not
practice Freight Forwarding unless if he/she is
accredited for both. And vice versa
