Freedom of speech and religion

9. HUMAN RIGHTS
VIOLATION
IN
NORTH KOREA
PRESENTED BY
MRIDULA T (B2020MH019)

10. DEMOGRAPHIC
PROFILE-CIAWorld
Factbook,2016
• POPULATION: 25,115,311
• POPULATION GROWTH RATE: 0.53%
• BIRTH RATE : 14.60 births/1,000
population
• DEATH RATE: 9.30 deaths/1,000
population
• LIFE EXPECTANCY : 70.4 YEARS
male: 66.6 years, female: 74.5 years
• LITERACY RATE :100% (age 15 and
over can read and write Korean using
the Korean script )
• LANGUAGE : KOREAN

11. SOCIO CULTURAL HUMAN
RIGHTS VIOLATIONS
VIOLENCE AGAINST CHILDREN AND WOMEN
• 70% of the North Korean refugees in South Korea since 2003
• Getting sexually abused, and other gender-based violence -
during the facilitation process
• Ill treatment and abuse by North Korean authorities
• Lifelong in detention centres
BASIC HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATION AND STARVATION
• Lack of safe drinking water hygiene and sanitation –UN
REPORT
• 19% of the children in North Korea - severe malnutrition
• North Korean factory/labour workers were starved over a
period of 9 months in 1995, 2000 workers were starved to
death-Report of Central Party Secretary

12. • SLAVERY / FORCED LABOUR
• Not given the freedom to choose their own job
and join the labour brigades –under ruling party
(Watch, 2021)
• 70.3% of the people in North Korea was subjected
to inhumane torture (ha J, 2018)
• Violations of right to food/ livelihood/health
• Labourers also must perform unpaid labour as a
man called in the name “Portrayals of Loyalty”. -
increase the productivity of their country and
sustain their economy

13. MENTAL HEALTH IMPACT
“ Not many studies conducted on the mental health impact of the
people residing within North Korea.”
• POST TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER:
• 40 - 52% of adults and 13 - 30% of adolescence show symptoms of
PTSD (Park J, 2019) Lee YJ (Lee YJ, 2016)
• overall prevalence rate is estimated to be 22.5% .
• Caused due to punishment /abuse /violence/physical/ sexual assault
• Interrelationship between PTSD and Chronis physical ailment
individual diagnosed with PTSD used more outpatient medical services
frequently over a period of 10 years. (Noh JW, 2019)
• Recovery from PTSD is difficult due to
 Struggle for survival
 Feelings of shock chaos due to stress
 Stress related to relocation
 Stress related to building one's identity

14. • ANXIETY AND MOOD
DISORDERS:
• 44 - 46% of North Korean
refugees face depressive
symptoms (Nam B)
• 43 - 54% face symptoms of
anxiety
• Overall, the prevalence rate of
depression was at 56.3% and
60.1% for anxiety (Cha J, 2018)
• Caused due to loneliness/
guilt/social exclusion due to
capitalistic and competitive
society/separated from loved
one/low income
• refugees also had depression as
they were exposed to new culture
with increase discrimination upon
relocation- Mr. Um and colleague
in 2015 report

15. • SUPPRESSION OF EMOTIONS:
• Depression was observed among the youth who
have experienced trauma in childhood.
• worsen the existing mental health conditions
such as in the case of ADHD
• lifetime prevalence of suicidal ideations is 28.3%
and suicidal attempts are 17.3% among the
adults.
• Around 90-95% refugee population- Exposed to
one or more traumas(witnessing death,
starvation, ill treatment, imprisonment, physical
violence, public execution, torture trafficking, life
threatening shortages of water, food, robbery of
basic amenities such as money, shelter, food,
procession (Kim Y, 2010)