An Introduction to Computer Networks - 11th September 2023 - Shiraz University

1. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬
‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬
۱۴۰۲ ‫ﺷﻬﺮﯾﻮر‬ ۲۰

2. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫ﻧﮑﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺪ‬
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‫ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬ ‫اراﺋﻪ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ،‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﻫﺮﭼﻪ‬ ‫آﺷﻨﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬
.‫داره‬ (‫دﻗﯿﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﺳﯽ‬ ‫ﺗﺎ‬ ‫)ﺑﯿﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﻃﻮﻻﻧﯽ‬
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‫ﺳﻄﺢ‬ ‫اول‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ‬ ،‫ﻫﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻖ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺳﻄﺢ‬ ‫از‬ ‫اراﺋﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺪل‬
.‫ﻫﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﺳﺎده‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬
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!‫ﺑﭙﺮﺳﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﺳﻮال‬ ‫ﻟﻄﻔﺎ‬

3. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫اراﺋﻪ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ‬
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‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
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‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺟﺬاﺑﯿﺖ‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻫﻤﯿﺖ‬
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‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﻬﻮم‬ ‫ﺷﺪه‬ ‫ﺳﺎزی‬ ‫ﺳﺎده‬ ‫ﻣﺪل‬
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‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﭽﻪ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﺧﻼﺻﻪ‬
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‫ای‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﺎت‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺳﺎده‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد‬ ،‫ﺗﻮﭘﻮﻟﻮژی‬
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TCP/IP ‫ﻣﺪل‬ ‫و‬ OSI ‫ﻣﺪل‬
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‫ﻫﺎ‬ IXP ‫و‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‬ ISP ‫ﭼﯿﺴﺘﯽ‬ ،Routing ،‫اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬
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‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫اﻣﺮوزی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﭼﺎﻟﺶ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﭘﺮوﺗﮑﻞ‬
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‫اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر‬ ‫و‬ ‫زﻧﺪه‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﮐﻤﯿﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﮕﺎه‬ :‫دﻣﻮ‬
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‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺳﺎزی‬ ‫ﭘﯿﺎده‬ ،‫ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ‬
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‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ‬
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‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫اﻣﻨﯿﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
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‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫آﯾﻨﺪه‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻣﺪرن‬ ‫اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬
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‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﻮزه‬ ‫ﺷﻐﻠﯽ‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺻﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﮕﺎﻫﯽ‬

4. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫و‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﭼﺮا‬
‫ﻫﺴﺘﻦ؟‬ ‫ﺟﺬاب‬

5. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻢ‬ ‫اﻫﻤﯿﺖ‬
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.‫ﻫﺴﺘﯿﻢ‬ ‫واﺑﺴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﻪ‬ ،‫اﻣﺮوز‬ ‫دﻧﯿﺎی‬ ‫در‬
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.‫ﻫﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﮐﻮﭼﮑﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺸﮑﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺰرگ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬
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!‫ﻫﺴﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺎزﻣﻨﺪ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻧﯿﻮﻣﺪن‬ ‫وﺟﻮد‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﻮد‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﻮد‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬
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‫ارﺗﻘﺎی‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺎز‬ ‫و‬ (IOT ‫ﮔﺴﺘﺮش‬ ‫ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﯾﻮﺗﻮب‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫اﻋﺘﯿﺎد‬ ‫)از‬ ‫ﻣﯿﺸﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺮ‬ ‫واﺑﺴﺘﻪ‬ ‫اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫روز‬ ‫ﻫﺮ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ‬
.‫ﻧﺎﭘﺬﯾﺮه‬ ‫ﭘﺎﯾﺎن‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺎز‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ،‫ﺳﺮﻋﺖ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ‬
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‫ﻧﯿﺎزﻣﻨﺪ‬ ،‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‬ ‫اﻓﺰار‬ ‫ﻧﺮم‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻓﺰار‬ ‫ﺳﺨﺖ‬ ‫ﻧﻮع‬ ‫ﻫﺰاران‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﯿﻠﯿﻮن‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫ارﺗﺒﺎط‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻗﺮاری‬
.‫ﻫﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﮕﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﭘﺮوﺗﮑﻞ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺪل‬ ‫ﺳﺎزی‬ ‫ﭘﯿﺎده‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ‬
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‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﯿﮑﻨﻦ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬ ‫ﻗﺪﯾﻤﯽ‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﭘﺮوﺗﮑﻞ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺪل‬ ‫از‬ ،‫اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﻫﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﺑﺴﯿﺎری‬
.‫ﻫﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺮاﻧﮕﯿﺰ‬ ‫ﭼﺎﻟﺶ‬
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‫ﺑﺰرگ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﯿﺎس‬ ‫در‬ ‫اﻣﺎ‬ ،‫ﻣﯿﮑﻨﻦ‬ ‫ﮐﺎر‬ ‫ﺧﻮدﮐﺎر‬ ‫ﺻﻮرت‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺑﯽ‬ ‫ﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫اﯾﻨﮑﻪ‬ ‫وﺟﻮد‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬
.‫داره‬ ‫وﺟﻮد‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫اﻧﺴﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫دﺧﺎﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺎز‬ ‫ﻫﻤﯿﺸﻪ‬

6. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺟﺬاﺑﯿﺖ‬
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‫ﻣﺘﺸﮑﻞ‬ ‫ﻫﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﭼﻪ‬ ،‫ﻫﺴﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﺟﺬاﺑﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺧﯿﻠﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ (‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﺰوﻣﺎ‬ ‫)ﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬
!‫ﺷﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫آب‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺟﻮی‬ ‫از‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﭼﻪ‬ ،‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ‬ ‫اﻓﺮاد‬ ‫از‬
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‫ﺳﺎزی‬ ‫ﭘﯿﺎده‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ‬ ‫از‬ .‫داره‬ ‫وﺟﻮد‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﯽ‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﻻﯾﻪ‬ ،‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﺎص‬ ‫ﻣﻮرد‬ ‫در‬
‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ‬ ‫ﺗﺎ‬ ،‫ﮐﺮد‬ ‫ﺧﻮاﻫﻨﺪ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬ ‫ازش‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺮ‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﯿﻠﯿﻮن‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬ ‫آﯾﻨﺪه‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫ﻫﺎﯾﯽ‬‫ﭘﺮوﺗﮑﻞ‬
.‫ﮐﻮﭼﮏ‬ ‫ﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺰرگ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬
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‫در‬ ‫و‬ ‫دارن‬ ‫دﺳﺘﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺎز‬ ‫ﺑﻮدن‬ ‫ﺧﻮدﮐﺎر‬ ‫ﻋﯿﻦ‬ ‫در‬ !‫ﻫﺴﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺠﯿﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﭼﯿﺰ‬ ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬
‫ﺟﺎی‬ ،‫ﺷﺨﺼﯿﺘﯽ‬ ‫ﻫﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫ﻣﯿﺸﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻋﺚ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ .‫ﺑﺎﺷﻦ‬ ‫ﺟﺰﺋﯿﺎت‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎس‬ ‫ﺷﺪت‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﯿﺘﻮﻧﻦ‬ ،‫ﺑﻮدن‬ ‫ﮐﻠﯽ‬ ‫ﻋﯿﻦ‬
.‫ﺑﺎﺷﻪ‬ ‫داﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫وﺟﻮد‬ ‫ﺣﻮزه‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬
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‫ﻋﻈﯿﻢ‬ ‫ﺟﺮﯾﺎن‬ ‫دﯾﺪن‬ ‫و‬ ،‫ﻫﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫اﻧﺴﺎن‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫زﻧﺪﮔﯽ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺸﯽ‬ ‫ﻟﺬت‬ ‫ﺑﺴﯿﺎر‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ،‫ﮐﺎر‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ‬ ‫دﯾﺪن‬
!‫ﺑﺎﺷﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ‫ﻟﺬت‬ ‫ﺧﯿﻠﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﯿﺘﻮﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﯿﮑﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﻮر‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺖ‬ ‫ﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺪه‬ ‫ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ‬ ‫زﯾﺮﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬

7. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
…‫زﯾﺮﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﮔﻔﺘﯿﻢ‬
‫زﯾﺮﺳﺎﺧﺘﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬
‫و‬ ‫اﺳﻨﭗ‬ ‫ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﮔﻮﮔﻞ‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺳﺮوﯾﺲ‬ ‫از‬ ،‫ﻫﺴﺘﻦ‬
"‫"زﯾﺮﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫از‬ ‫آﻧﻼﯾﻦ‬ ‫دﻧﯿﺎی‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎم‬ ،‫دﯾﺠﯿﮑﺎﻻ‬
‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬ ‫اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬
‫ﻣﯿﮑﻨﻦ‬

8. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
!‫زاد‬‫آدﻣﯽ‬ ‫زﺑﺎن‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬

9. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫ﭘﺴﺖ‬ ‫اداره‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺎل‬ :‫زاد‬‫آدﻣﯽ‬ ‫زﺑﺎن‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬
:‫ﮐﻨﯿﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﺒﯿﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺴﺖ‬ ‫اداره‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫رو‬ ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﺎﯾﺪ‬
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:‫ﮐﻨﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﭘﺴﺖ‬ ‫دﯾﮕﻪ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫در‬ ‫دوﺳﺘﺘﻮن‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﯿﺮاز‬ ‫از‬ ‫رو‬ ‫اون‬ ‫ﻗﺮاره‬ ‫و‬ ‫دارﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎ‬
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‫ﺑﺴﺘﻪ‬ ‫درﯾﺎﻓﺖ‬
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‫ﭘﺴﺘﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﮐﺰ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺴﺘﯽ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺣﯿﻪ‬ ‫از‬ ‫اﻧﺘﻘﺎل‬
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‫ﺑﺴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺘﻮای‬ ‫ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ‬
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‫ﻣﻘﺼﺪ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻧﻮع‬ ‫اﺳﺎس‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮدازش‬
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‫ﺟﻤﻌﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺪی‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺘﻪ‬
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‫ﻣﯿﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﮐﺰ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ارﺳﺎل‬ ‫ﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ‬ ‫ارﺳﺎل‬

10. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫ﭘﺴﺖ‬ ‫اداره‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺎل‬ :‫زاد‬‫آدﻣﯽ‬ ‫زﺑﺎن‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬
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‫ﺑﻌﺪی‬ ‫ﻣﺮﮐﺰ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ارﺳﺎل‬
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(‫ﻫﻤﯿﺸﻪ‬ ‫)ﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺘﻮای‬ ‫دوﺑﺎره‬ ‫ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ‬
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‫ﻣﻘﺼﺪ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻧﻮع‬ ‫اﺳﺎس‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺘﻪ‬ ‫دوﺑﺎره‬ ‫ﭘﺮدازش‬
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‫ﺑﻌﺪی‬ ‫ﻣﺮﮐﺰ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ارﺳﺎل‬ ‫ﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﮔﯿﺮﻧﺪه‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ارﺳﺎل‬
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(‫ﻣﯿﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫دوﺑﺎره‬ ‫ﯾﺎ‬ ‫)ﻣﻘﺼﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪی‬ ‫ﻣﺮﮐﺰ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ‬
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‫ﮔﯿﺮﻧﺪه‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺼﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﮐﺰ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺘﻪ‬ ‫رﺳﯿﺪن‬ ‫ﺗﺎ‬ ‫روﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﮑﺮار‬

11. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫ﺗﺎ‬ ،‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺪی‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﺤﻮه‬ ‫از‬
‫ﻧﺤﻮه‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﭘﺴﺘﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﮐﺰ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫ارﺗﺒﺎط‬
‫ﻫﻤﮕﯽ‬ ،‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮدازش‬
‫ﻫﺴﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻢ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﻫﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ‬

12. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
…‫ﺑﺪﯾﻢ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﺮاﺣﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻐﺰﻣﻮن‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﻤﯽ‬
‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﭽﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﺻﻪ‬ (‫)ﺧﯿﻠﯽ‬

13. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﭽﻪ‬
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‫و‬ ‫اﯾﺮان‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺎﺳﻔﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫دارن‬ ‫ﺟﺬاﺑﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﯿﺎر‬ ‫ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﭽﻪ‬ ،‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫دﻧﯿﺎی‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻗﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬
.‫ﺷﺪه‬ ‫ﺳﭙﺮده‬ ‫ﻓﺮاﻣﻮﺷﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫داﻧﺸﮕﺎه‬ ‫ﺧﺼﻮﺻﺎ‬
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.‫ﺑﺮﻣﯿﮕﺮده‬ (!‫ﭘﯿﺶ‬ ‫ﺳﺎل‬ ‫)ﻫﻔﺘﺎد‬ ‫ﻣﯿﻼدی‬ ۵۰ ‫دﻫﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫رﯾﺸﻪ‬
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.‫ﺑﻮدن‬ ‫آﻣﺮﯾﮑﺎ‬ ‫ارﺗﺶ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ،‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﺑﺮان‬ ‫و‬ ‫دﻫﻨﺪﮔﺎن‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ‬ ‫اوﻟﯿﻦ‬ ،‫ﻣﻌﻤﻮل‬ ‫ﻃﺒﻖ‬
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.‫ﺑﻮد‬ ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ‬ ‫دﻻﯾﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻢ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﮔﺴﺘﺮده‬ ‫و‬ ‫زﻧﺪه‬ ‫ارﺗﺒﺎط‬
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‫و‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ (‫آﻣﺮﯾﮑﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫)ﺧﺼﻮﺻﺎ‬ ‫ﻏﺮﺑﯽ‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫داﻧﺸﮕﺎه‬ ‫و‬ ‫داﻧﺸﻤﻨﺪان‬ ،‫ﻣﯿﻼدی‬ ۶۰ ‫دﻫﻪ‬ ‫از‬ ‫و‬ ‫زﻣﺎن‬ ‫ﻣﺮور‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬
.‫ﺑﻮدن‬ ‫ﻣﺸﻐﻮل‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺒﻮد‬
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‫دﻓﺎع‬ ‫وزرات‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫زﯾﺮ‬ ARPA ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻂ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ARPANET ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫داﻧﺸﮕﺎه‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺪﯾﻦ‬ ،‫ﻣﯿﻼدی‬ ۶۰ ‫دﻫﻪ‬ ‫اواﺧﺮ‬ ‫در‬
.‫ﺷﺪن‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺼﻞ‬ ،‫ﺑﻮد‬ ‫ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ‬ ‫آﻣﺮﯾﮑﺎ‬
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‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺎط‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﭘﺮدازﺷﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﮔﺬاﺷﺘﻦ‬ ‫اﺷﺘﺮاک‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ،‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫اﻫﺪاف‬ ‫ﺗﺮﯾﻦ‬ ‫اﺻﻠﯽ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﯾﮑﯽ‬
.‫ﺑﻮد‬ ‫ﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬

14. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﭽﻪ‬

15. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﭽﻪ‬
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.‫داﺷﺘﻦ‬ ‫وﺟﻮد‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﺻﻮرت‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﻢ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫دﯾﮕﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ،‫ﻣﯿﻼدی‬ ۸۰ ‫دﻫﻪ‬ ‫ﻃﯽ‬
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‫ای‬‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫ارﺗﺒﺎط‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺷﺪن‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﭘﺮوﺗﮑﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻀﯽ‬ ‫زﻣﺎن‬ ‫ﻣﺮور‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬
.‫ﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻗﺮار‬
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‫ﻣﺮور‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ،‫ﻣﺪل‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ARPANET ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﻫﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﺪن‬ ‫ﺳﻮﯾﯿﭻ‬ ‫و‬ TCP/IP ‫ﻣﺪل‬ ‫ﺷﺪن‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺮح‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬
.‫ﺷﺪن‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺘﺮک‬ ‫ﻣﺪل‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫از‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫زﻣﺎن‬
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‫ﺗﺤﺖ‬ ‫ﻫﻢ‬ ‫اون‬ ‫)ﮐﻪ‬ NSFNET ‫ﻧﺎم‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺟﺪﯾﺪی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ARPANET ‫ای‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫ارﺗﺒﺎط‬ ۱۹۸۶ ‫ﺳﺎل‬
NSFNET ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺧﺎﻣﻮش‬ ARPANET ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ۱۹۹۰ ‫ﺳﺎل‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺘﺎ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻗﺮار‬ (‫ﺑﻮد‬ ‫آﻣﺮﯾﮑﺎ‬ ‫دوﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ‬
.‫ﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺰﯾﻦ‬
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‫ﺑﺮداﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫اﻣﺎ‬ ‫داﺷﺘﻦ‬ ‫رو‬ NSFNET ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫اﺗﺼﺎل‬ ‫ﺣﻖ‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫داﻧﺸﮕﺎه‬ ‫و‬ ‫دوﻟﺘﯽ‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫آژاﻧﺲ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻂ‬ ۱۹۸۹ ‫ﺳﺎل‬ ‫ﺗﺎ‬
.‫ﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﺷﺮوع‬ ‫اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺶ‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫ﮔﺎم‬ ‫آﺧﺮﯾﻦ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺳﺎزی‬ ‫ﺗﺠﺎری‬ ‫روﻧﺪ‬ ،‫ﻣﺤﺪودﯾﺖ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺷﺪن‬
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‫)ﺧﺎرج‬ ‫آزاد‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻏﯿﺮﻣﺘﻤﺮﮐﺰ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺖ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻮان‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺤﻞ‬ ۱۹۹۵ ‫ﺳﺎل‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻫﻢ‬ NSFNET ‫ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺘﺎ‬
…‫رﻓﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﮐﻨﺎر‬ ‫ﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻧﺪه‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻗﯽ‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻗﯽ‬ ،‫اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ .‫ﺑﺸﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻮﻟﺪ‬ (‫آﻣﺮﯾﮑﺎ‬ ‫دوﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﮐﻨﺘﺮل‬ ‫از‬

16. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﭽﻪ‬
NSFNET Traffic
1991

17. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
!‫ﻣﯿﮕﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﺮﯾﮏ‬ ،‫ﺑﯿﺪارﯾﺪ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻫﺴﺘﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﻮز‬ ‫ﮐﺎر‬ ‫اﯾﻨﺠﺎی‬ ‫ﺗﺎ‬ ‫اﮔﺮ‬
(: ‫رﺳﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﭘﺎﯾﺎن‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬

18. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫ﺗﻮﭘﻮﻟﻮژی‬

19. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫دو‬ :‫ﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫اﺗﺼﺎل‬
Computer A Computer B
‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫دو‬
‫ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﯽ‬ ‫ﻟﯿﻨﮏ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬

20. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﺳﻪ‬ :‫ﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫اﺗﺼﺎل‬
Computer A
‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﺳﻪ‬
‫ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﯽ‬ ‫ﻟﯿﻨﮏ‬ ‫ﺳﻪ‬
Computer B
Computer C

21. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﭼﻬﺎر‬ :‫ﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫اﺗﺼﺎل‬
Computer A
‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﭼﻬﺎر‬
‫ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﯽ‬ ‫ﻟﯿﻨﮏ‬ ‫ﺷﺶ‬
Computer B
Computer D
Computer C

22. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﺧﯿﻠﯽ‬ :‫ﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫اﺗﺼﺎل‬
:‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﺧﯿﻠﯽ‬
‫ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﯽ‬ ‫ﻟﯿﻨﮏ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﺧﯿﻠﯽ‬
N(N-1)/2

23. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺪ‬ ‫اﺗﺼﺎل‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺗﻮﭘﻮﻟﻮژی‬
●
‫ﻓﯿﺰﯾﮑﯽ‬ ‫ﻟﯿﻨﮏ‬
●
‫ﺗﻮﭘﻮﻟﻮژی‬
●
Full Mesh ‫ﺗﻮﭘﻮﻟﻮژی‬
●
‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺗﻮﭘﻮﻟﻮژی‬

24. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﭘﻮﻟﻮژی‬ ‫ﻧﻮع‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺪ‬

25. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫ﺳﺎده‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد‬
●
(IP ‫)ﻣﺜﻼ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﯽ‬ ‫آدرس‬ ‫و‬ (MAC) ‫ﻓﯿﺰﯾﮑﯽ‬ ‫آدرس‬
●
‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫اﻋﻀﺎ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺪ‬ ،‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫اﺗﺼﺎل‬
●
MAC ‫آدرس‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫دﯾﺘﺎ‬ ‫اﻧﺘﻘﺎل‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺳﻮﯾﯿﭻ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ‬ ‫اﺗﺼﺎل‬
●
MAC ‫ﻓﺮاﺧﻮاﻧﯽ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮐﺮدن‬ ‫ﭘﯿﺪا‬

26. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫ای‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﺎت‬
●
.2001:0db8:85a3::1 ‫ﯾﺎ‬ 192.168.1.5 :‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫آدرس‬ ‫آﯾﭙﯽ‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻣﺮوزی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬
●
‫اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺰرگ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮐﻮﭼﮑﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫اﺗﺼﺎل‬
●
‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﺎب‬
●
‫ای‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫ارﺗﺒﺎط‬ ‫و‬ (Router) ‫روﺗﺮ‬
●
‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ‬ ‫ﻏﯿﺮ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ‬ ‫اﺗﺼﺎل‬
●
‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﯿﺮ‬ ‫اﻃﻼع‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻣﺴﯿﺮﯾﺎﺑﯽ‬

27. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
(‫)ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﺎت‬

28. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
(‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ‬ ‫)ﻏﯿﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﺎت‬

29. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
TCP/IP ‫ﻣﺪل‬ ‫و‬ OSI ‫ﻣﺪل‬

30. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
OSI ‫ﻣﺪل‬

31. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
TCP/IP ‫ﻣﺪل‬
●
‫اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﭘﺮوﺗﮑﻞ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ‬
●
OSI ‫ﻣﺪل‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺎوت‬

32. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
TCP/IP ‫ﻣﺪل‬

33. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﻪ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ،‫اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬

34. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
IXP ‫و‬ ISP :‫اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬
●
‫ﺧﺎﻧﮕﯽ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬
●
ISP ‫و‬ ‫اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺘﯽ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﮐﺖ‬
●
:‫اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬
○
‫ﻏﯿﺮﻣﺘﻤﺮﮐﺰ‬
○
TCP/IP ‫از‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
●
IXP ‫و‬ ISP
●
‫ﻓﺮاﮔﯿﺮ‬ ISP
●
‫اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‬ IXP ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ‬

35. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﺎرت‬
●
‫ﻫﺎ‬ ISP ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺮارداد‬
●
‫ﺗﺮاﻧﺰﯾﺖ‬
●
Peering
●
‫زﯾﺮﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﻮد‬ ‫ﭘﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﺎرت‬
●
!‫اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺮف‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫درآﻣﺪ‬

36. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
Routing
●
NAT
●
ISP ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﻧﮕﯽ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫اﺗﺼﺎل‬
●
ISP ‫درون‬ ‫ﺗﺮاﻓﯿﮏ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﯿﺮ‬
●
BGP ‫ﭘﺮوﺗﮑﻞ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺗﺮاﻓﯿﮏ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﯿﺮﯾﺎﺑﯽ‬
●
IXP ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺮاﻓﯿﮏ‬ ‫رﺳﯿﺪن‬
●
‫ﻫﺎ‬ ISP ‫و‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺮاﻓﯿﮏ‬ ‫اﻧﺘﻘﺎل‬
●
ASN ‫و‬ AS ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ‬
●
RIR ‫و‬ LIR
●
‫راه‬ ‫ﻣﯿﺎن‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﻫﺮ‬ ‫دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ‬
●
Multicast, Anycast

37. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﭘﺮوﺗﮑﻞ‬

38. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﭘﺮوﺗﮑﻞ‬

39. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﭘﺮوﺗﮑﻞ‬

40. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﭘﺮوﺗﮑﻞ‬

41. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﭘﺮوﺗﮑﻞ‬
●
ARP
●
IPv6 ‫و‬ IPv4
●
ICMP
●
TCP
●
UDP
●
DNS
●
HTTP, FTP, SSH
●
BGP
●
‫ﺗﺎﻧﻠﯿﻨﮓ‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﭘﺮوﺗﮑﻞ‬

42. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
UDP ‫ﺑﺎ‬ TCP ‫ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ‬
●
‫ﮐﺎﻧﺸﮑﻦ‬ ‫وﺿﻌﯿﺖ‬
●
(Handshake) ‫ﻫﻨﺪﺷﯿﮏ‬
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‫ﻣﺠﺪد‬ ‫ارﺳﺎل‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﭘﮑﺖ‬ ‫رﻓﺘﻦ‬ ‫دﺳﺖ‬ ‫از‬
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Latency ‫و‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺧﯿﺮ‬
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‫ﭘﺮوﺗﮑﻞ‬ ‫ﻫﺮ‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد‬

43. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
ICMP
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OSI ۳ ‫ﻻﯾﻪ‬
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‫اﺻﻠﯽ‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد‬
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TTL
●
‫ﭘﯿﻨﮓ‬
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Traceroute

44. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫اﻣﺮوزی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﭼﺎﻟﺶ‬
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IPv4
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‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫آن‬ ‫ﺣﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫ﺗﻼش‬ ‫و‬ ARP ‫و‬ BGP، DNS ‫ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻫﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﭘﺮوﺗﮑﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﺎاﻣﻨﯽ‬
●
BGP ‫ﻧﺎﮐﺎرآﻣﺪی‬
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‫اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬ ‫اﻣﺮوزی‬ ‫ﻣﻘﯿﺎس‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﭘﺮوﺗﮑﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻀﯽ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﮐﺎرآﻣﺪی‬
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Flag Day ‫اﻣﮑﺎن‬ ‫ﻋﺪم‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻗﺪﯾﻤﯽ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰات‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﺎزﮔﺎری‬
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‫ﺗﺮاﻓﯿﮏ‬ ‫دﻫﯽ‬ ‫ﺷﮑﻞ‬
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‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻓﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﯽ‬
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QUIC ‫ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺟﺪﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﭘﺮوﺗﮑﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﮑﻼت‬ ‫ﺣﻞ‬

45. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر‬ ‫و‬ ‫زﻧﺪه‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﮐﻤﯿﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﮕﺎه‬ :‫دﻣﻮ‬

46. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺳﺎزی‬ ‫ﭘﯿﺎده‬ ،‫ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ‬
‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬

47. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ‬
●
‫ﺳﺎدﮔﯽ‬
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‫اﻣﻨﯿﺖ‬
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‫ﭘﺬﯾﺮی‬ ‫ﻣﻘﯿﺎس‬
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‫ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺖ‬
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‫ﺳﺎزی‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬
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‫اﻣﮑﺎن‬ ‫ﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺪرن‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﭘﺮوﺗﮑﻞ‬ ‫از‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬
●
‫ﻣﺎﻧﯿﺘﻮرﯾﻨﮓ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫در‬

48. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺳﺎزی‬ ‫ﭘﯿﺎده‬
●
‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﻃﺮح‬ ‫رﻋﺎﯾﺖ‬
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‫ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰات‬
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‫اﻓﺰار‬ ‫ﻧﺮم‬
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‫اﻣﻨﯿﺖ‬
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‫ﺗﺎﻣﯿﻦ‬ ‫زﻧﺠﯿﺮه‬ ‫اﻣﻨﯿﺖ‬
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‫درﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﭘﯿﮑﺮﺑﻨﺪی‬
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!‫ﻧﻈﻢ‬ ،‫ﻧﻈﻢ‬ ،‫ﻧﻈﻢ‬

49. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ‬
●
‫ﻣﺪاوم‬ ‫ﺑﺮوزرﺳﺎﻧﯽ‬
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‫ﻣﺎﻧﯿﺘﻮرﯾﻨﮓ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﭘﺎﯾﺶ‬
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‫ای‬ ‫دوره‬ ‫ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ‬
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‫ﺳﺎزی‬ ‫ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ‬
●
‫اﻣﻨﯿﺖ‬
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‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﺮون‬ ‫و‬ ‫درون‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬

50. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ‬
‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬

51. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ‬
●
‫ﻟﯿﻨﻮﮐﺲ‬ ‫ﮐﺮﻧﻞ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬
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‫ﻟﯿﻨﻮﮐﺲ‬ ‫و‬ ‫وﯾﻨﺪوز‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺪل‬
●
Kernel Space ‫و‬ User Space ‫در‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬
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‫اﻣﻨﯿﺘﯽ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎﺳﯿﺖ‬
●
‫ﻓﺎﯾﺮوال‬
●
Iptables
●
Route Table

52. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫اﻣﻨﯿﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬

53. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫ﺗﺪاﻓﻌﯽ‬ :‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫اﻣﻨﯿﺖ‬
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‫ﻗﺪﯾﻤﯽ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺿﻌﯿﻒ‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﭘﺮوﺗﮑﻞ‬ ‫اﻣﻨﯿﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﻣﯿﻦ‬
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‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﮐﺎﻧﻔﯿﮓ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺳﺎزی‬ ‫ﭘﯿﺎده‬
●
‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺳﺎزی‬ ‫اﯾﺰوﻟﻪ‬
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‫ﻣﺎﻧﯿﺘﻮرﯾﻨﮓ‬
●
‫ﻻﯾﻪ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺪ‬ ‫دﻓﺎع‬
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‫دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ‬ ‫ﮐﻨﺘﺮل‬
●
‫ﺑﺮوزرﺳﺎﻧﯽ‬

54. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
(‫ﺑﺪ‬ ‫)ﮐﺎر‬ ‫ﺗﻬﺎﺟﻤﯽ‬ :‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫اﻣﻨﯿﺖ‬
●
‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫اﺳﮑﻦ‬
●
‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻧﻔﻮذ‬ ‫و‬ ‫آﻟﻮدﮔﯽ‬ ‫ﮔﺴﺘﺮش‬
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‫ﻧﺸﺪه‬ ‫داﮐﯿﻮﻣﻨﺖ‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ‬
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‫ای‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫درون‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺪه‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺖ‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ‬
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‫دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ‬ ‫ﮐﻨﺘﺮل‬ ‫ﺿﻌﻒ‬
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‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ادﻣﯿﻦ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮐﻨﺘﺮل‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﮐﺰ‬
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‫ﭘﺎﯾﺶ‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﻧﮑﺮدن‬ ‫آﻟﺮت‬

55. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎﺗﯽ‬ :‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫اﻣﻨﯿﺖ‬
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‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﭘﺮوﺗﮑﻞ‬ ‫اﻣﻨﯿﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ‬
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‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯿﺰم‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﭘﺮوﺗﮑﻞ‬ ‫ﺳﺎزی‬ ‫ﭘﯿﺎده‬ ‫ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ‬
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‫ﺷﺪه‬ ‫ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ‬ ‫اﻣﻨﯿﺘﯽ‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺿﻌﻒ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﭘﺬﯾﺮی‬ ‫آﺳﯿﺐ‬ ‫از‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺧﻄﺮ‬ ‫ﺿﺮﯾﺐ‬ ‫اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ‬
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‫اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﻄﺢ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺪه‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺖ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﭘﺬﯾﺮ‬ ‫آﺳﯿﺐ‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﭘﺎﯾﺶ‬
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‫اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﻄﺢ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺳﻮءاﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬ ‫ﺣﺎل‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﭘﺬﯾﺮی‬ ‫آﺳﯿﺐ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫اﮐﺴﭙﻠﻮﯾﺖ‬ ‫ﭘﺎﯾﺶ‬

56. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫آﯾﻨﺪه‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻣﺪرن‬ ‫اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬
‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬

57. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫آﯾﻨﺪه‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻣﺪرن‬ ‫اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬
●
‫اﭘﻠﯿﮑﯿﺸﻦ‬ ‫ﻻﯾﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺪرن‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﭘﺮوﺗﮑﻞ‬
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Routing ‫ﻣﺪرن‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﭘﺮوﺗﮑﻞ‬
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‫ﻣﻌﻤﺎری‬ ‫ﺳﺎزی‬ ‫ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ‬
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CDN
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IPv6
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‫زﯾﺮﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻣﺼﻨﻮﻋﯽ‬ ‫ﻫﻮش‬
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‫اﻣﻨﯿﺖ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻣﺼﻨﻮﻋﯽ‬ ‫ﻫﻮش‬
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Serverless ‫زﯾﺮﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬
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‫ﭘﯿﺶ‬ ‫ﺳﺎل‬ ‫ده‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫اﻣﺮوز‬ ‫اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺎوت‬

58. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﻮزه‬ ‫ﺷﻐﻠﯽ‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺻﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﮕﺎﻫﯽ‬
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‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫اﻣﻨﯿﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ‬
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‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ‬ / ‫ﻣﺪﯾﺮ‬
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(‫ﺣﺪودی؟‬ ‫)ﺗﺎ‬ ‫دﯾﺘﺎﺳﻨﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﭘﺴﯿﻮ‬ ‫ﺗﮑﻨﺴﯿﻦ‬
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‫دﯾﺘﺎﺳﻨﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ‬
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‫زﯾﺮﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﭘﺎﯾﺪاری‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ‬
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‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺸﺘﯿﺒﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ‬
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(‫ﺣﺪودی‬ ‫)ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ادﻣﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ‬
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‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﯾﺲ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬
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‫ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺎﻏﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻗﯽ‬ ‫در‬ ‫اﻣﺘﯿﺎز‬

59. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
!‫ﺑﻮدﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺮاه‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﻨﻮﻧﻢ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺷﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻮده‬ ‫ﻣﻔﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮاﺗﻮن‬ ‫اﻣﯿﺪوارم‬
Telegram & Twitter: @moh53n
moh53n.ir

60. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫ﺗﺼﺎوﯾﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ‬
● https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ARPANET
● https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Science_Foundation_Network
● https://www.dnsstuff.com/what-is-network-topology
● https://www.boardinfinity.com/blog/routing-table-in-computer-networks/
● https://www.khanacademy.org/computing/computers-and-internet/xcae6f4a7ff015e7d:t
he-internet/xcae6f4a7ff015e7d:routing-with-redundancy/a/internet-routing
● https://www.imperva.com/learn/application-security/osi-model/
● https://jmcristobal.com/2017/04/26/tcpip-model/
● https://tecadmin.net/tcp-ip-model
● https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Protocol
● https://www.wireshark.org/docs/wsug_html/

61. ‫ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ‬ - ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
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