3. ABSTRACT
• Detect accident.
• 3 parameters - Acceleration / Deceleration
Tilt of the Vehicle
Pressure change / Impact
• Coordinates of the vehicle – GPS Technology.
3
4. INTRODUCTION
• Millions of vehicles are being produced annually.
• The accident rates are also getting significantly increased .
• Every second waiting for the medical help can cost the victims their life.
• Self automated electronic system will be more reliable.
• Explicitly designed for motorcycles.
• The hardware part is implemented on a motorcycle and the software part in a tablet/mobile phone
etc….
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5. SYSTEM LAYOUT
• Small embedded unit fitted in the safest position
• Identifies the current location.
• An alert message send to emergency services and relatives .
• Emergency switch .
• Alarm and a flashing light
5
Detecting the
Accident
Finding the
coordinates
Sending the
required info
6. SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION
• Accelerometer and an impact sensor are used here in order
to detect the plausibility of an accident.
• Tilt meter is also used to find the inclination of the motorcycle
• GPS to detect the location of the accident
• Alert message is send through GSM network (using SIM300).
• Modules and other parts of the system are centrally controlled
using a micro controller. 6
Satellite
Two Wheeler
Friends/
Relatives
Nearest medical
Centre
Police Station
7. HardwareArchitecture
• Triple axis accelerometer MMA7341
• Measure deceleration.
• Low power and profile .Also includes a sleep mode.
• Output only in the x-axis which is the running direction is used in this
system .
• Tilt meter.
• Measure Inclination.
• Simple pendulum tilt meter.
• Can be replaced using a mercury tilt meter which will be smaller
than a thumb.
.
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8. Hardware Architecture Contd..
• Flexible piezo film sensor.
• used for measuring the physical impact.
• 3 grams .
• Has a good sensitivity of 10mV/g.
• Has a frequency range of 1Hz to 20 kHz .
• Can survive a shock up to 1000g (g=9.8m/s2).
8
9. GPS Module
• High gain GTPA006 module that uses NMEA0183 GPS technology.
• Is a standalone GPS Module and requires no external settings or
components.
• An ultra high sensitive and smart antenna GPS module.
• Embedded with GPS (Global Positioning System) antenna.
• Enables high performance navigation in most stringent applications
and solid fix even in harsh GPS visibility environments.
• The two main data that we get from the GPS module are-
• current date and time based on Coordinated Universal Time
(UTC)
• our current position coordinate in terms of latitude and longitude. 9
10. GSM SIM300
• The SIM300 is a all in one GSM/GPRS engine that works on
frequencies EGSM 900 MHz, DCS 1800 MHz and PCS1900
MHz.
• The physical interface to the mobile application is made
through a 60 pins board-to-board connector, which provides
all hardware interfaces between the module and customers’
boards except the RF antenna interface.
• The keypad and SPI LCD interface will give you the
flexibility to develop customized applications.
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11. Software Architecture and Decision making
Algorithm
• Software solution used is divided into three sub parts
• Detection of accident based on an algorithm.
• Snipping out a specific section from the stream of data output from the GPS module.
• Formatting and sending of alert message consisting of current location and pre-stored
vehicle information.
11
13. PROTOTYPE DESIGN
• The MMA7431 and Piezo film sensor give analog voltage outputs
corresponding to the deceleration and impact.
• A deceleration above 2.5g is not likely to occur during a normal bike ride.
• An output of 2.8V is obtained from the accelerometer.
• A comparator circuit with a reference voltage of 2.8V is used to detect this.
• A similar method is followed for the impact sensor
• The reference voltage set to 1V.
• Corresponding to a force of 100g.
13
14. • The tilt meter output is a digital signal and is directly interfaced to the micro controller.
• When the accident is confirmed, the controller talks to GPS module through the UART
communication at 9600 baud rate.
• The GSM module also works via the UART at the same baud rate as that of GPS
• The communication is initiated via AT commands.
• GPS and GSM are operated with a single UART channel in the micro controller.
• Power for all the devices is taken from the vehicle battery.
14
15. PROTOTYPETESTING AND DISCUSSION
• The prototype is implemented on a tricycle
• Tested for various scenarios like normal breaking, sudden breaking and collisions.
• Observed that the alert message is send only during collision scenarios as expected.
• The alert message received on the mobile phone is shown
15
17. SUGGESTED IMPROVEMENTS
• The deceleration in the remaining directions(y and z axis).
• An intermediate dedicated system server placed between the GSM
device and end clients.
• Send out a voice message along with the text.
• Dedicated network.`
17
18. CONCLUSION
• Proves the feasibility of implementing automatic accident alert system for motorcycles.
• Accident information reached the emergency services within seconds
• Significantly improve the time gap for rescue operation and save the lives of huge number of
victims
• Should be a well structured 'system in place', to support this endeavour.
• Should be a central node which accepts the alert message and take necessary action.
• Coordination between this central node and other services like ambulance, police force, hospitals
and other medical facilities, social forms etc. is also necessary.
• System has a lot of potential to improve the accident rescue operations and with better resources
and innovations
18
19. REFERENCES
• [1].Victor Olugbemiga Matthews and Emmanuel Adetiba;Vehicle Accident Alert and
Locator (VAAL); International Journal of Electrical &
• Computer Sciences IJECS-IJENSVol: 11 No: 02
• [2]. Scott J.Weiner; Feasibility of a 802.11VANET Based CarAccident Alert System;
• Northeastern University
• [3]. RoadAccidents In India 2009 – Government of India, Ministry of road transport and
highways, transport research wing, New Delhi
• [4] K. Shiraram, K.V. Kalligudd, “Development and Demonstration of a GPS/GSM Based
Affordable Fleet Management System for Indian Roadways”[Online],
Available:liu.divaportal.org/smash/get/diva2:22123 /FULLTEXT01.pdf
• [5]Megan Bayly, Brian Fildes, Michael Regan, KristieYoung , “Review of crash effectiveness
of IntelligentTransport Systems” Project No. 027763 –TRACE
• [6]B. Huang and J. Preston, “A Literature Review on Motorcycle Collisions”,Transport
Studies Unit Oxford UniversityApril 2004 19
