2. Introduction
• Agood or service brought into one country from another.
• The word "import" is derived from the word "port," since goods are often
shipped via boat to foreign countries.
• Countries are most likely to import goods that domestic industries cannot
produce as efficiently or cheaply.
4. Export
• A function of international trade whereby goods produced in one country are
shipped to another country for future sale or trade.
• If used for trade, exports are exchanged for other products or services.
• Exports are one of the oldest forms of economic transfer, and occur on a large
scale between nations that have fewer restrictions on trade, such as tariffs or
subsidies.
5. Why Export?
• The sale of such goods adds to the producing nation's gross
output.
• Most of the largest companies operating in advanced economies
will derive a substantial portion of their annual revenues from
exports to other countries.
• The ability to export goods helps an economy to grow by selling
more overall goods and services.
6. Bangladesh Exports: Commodities
• Garments (totaling $12.3 billion in FY09)
• Frozen fish and seafood
• Jute and jute goods
• Leather
9. Export Partners
• United States: 24%
• Germany: 15.3%
• United Kingdom: 10%
• France: 7.4%
• The Netherlands: 5.5%
• Italy: 4.5%
• Spain: 4.2%
10. • Packed correctly so that it arrives in good condition
• Labeled correctly to ensure that the goods are handled properly and arrive on
time and at the right place
• Documented correctly to meet local and foreign government requirements as
well as proper collection standards; an
Export Process
11. Freight Forwarder
• A freight forwarder is an agent who acts on behalf of importers,
exporters or other companies or persons to organize the safe,
efficient and cost-effective transportation of goods.
12. Packing
• Pack in strong containers, adequately sealed and filled when
possible.
• Make sure the weight is evenly distributed.
• Goods should be packed in oceangoing containers, if possible, or
on pallets to ensure greater ease in handling.
• Packages and packing filler should be made of moisture-resistant
material.
• To avoid mentioning contents or brand names on packages. In
addition, strapping, seals, and shrink wrapping are effective means
of deterring theft.
13. Export packing list
• An export packing list itemizes the material in each individual package
and indicates the type of package: box, crate, drum, carton, and so on.
• The packing list should be attached to the outside of a package in a
waterproof envelope marked "packing list enclosed.
The list is used by the shipper or forwarding agent to determine:
The total shipment weight and volume and
Whether the correct cargo is being shipped. In addition, customs
officials (both local and foreign) may use the list to check the cargo.
14. Labeling
Specific marking and labeling is used on export shipping cartons and
containers to:
• Meets shipping regulations.
• Ensures proper handling.
• Conceals the identity of the contents, and
• Helps receivers identify shipments.
15. Required Documents
• Commercial invoice. As in a domestic transaction, the commercial
invoice is a bill for the goods from the buyer to the seller
• Bill of lading. Bills of lading are contracts between the owner of
the goods and the carrier (as with domestic shipments).
• Consular invoice. Certain nations require a consular invoice,
which is used to control and identify goods
16. Required Documents (Cont.)
• Certificate of origin. Certain nations require a signed statement as to the origin of
the export item.
• Inspection certification. Some purchasers and countries may require a certificate of
inspection attesting to the specifications of the goods shipped, usually performed by
a third party.
• Dock receipt and warehouse receipt. These receipts are used to transfer
accountability when the export item is moved by the domestic carrier to the port of
embarkation and left with the international carrier for export.
• Destination control statement. This statement appears on the commercial invoice,
ocean or air waybill of lading, and SED to notify the carrier and all foreign parties that
the item may be exported only to certain destinations.
• Insurance certificate. If the seller provides insurance, the insurance certificate
states the type and amount of coverage. This instrument is negotiable.
• Export license. (when needed).
17. Shipping
• The handling of transportation is similar for domestic orders and export
orders.
• The export marks should be added to the standard information shown on
a domestic bill of lading.
• The exporter should also include instructions for the inland carrier to
notify the international freight forwarder by telephone on arrival
• International shipments are increasingly being made on a through bill of
lading under a multimodal contract
• The multimodal transport operator (frequently one of the modal carriers)
takes charge of and responsibility for the entire movement from factory to
the final destination.
18. Insurance
• Export shipments are usually insured against loss, damage, and
delay in transit by cargo insurance.
• Arrangements for cargo insurance may be made by either the
buyer or the seller, depending on the terms of sale.
• The carrier's liability is frequently limited by international
agreements and the coverage is substantially different from
domestic coverage.
19. Regulations
Control of Export of Products--
Export Prohibited Products
Products under Conditional Export
• Authority to relax export control.
• Export opportunities without L/C.
• Pre-shipment Obligations.
• Quality Control Certificate.
20. Highest Priority Sectors
Agro-products and agro-processed products.
Light engineering products (including auto-parts and bicycles).
Footwear and leather products.
Pharmaceutical products.
Software and ICT products.
Home textile.
The Sea-bound Ship Building Industries.
Toiletries Products
