Salat-e Mubasshir

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bhD mchfwXdwv hstb,
FFFFFFFF‫א‬ ‫و‬‫א‬ ‫و‬‫א‬ ‫و‬‫א‬ ‫و‬EEEEEEEE
ªskfmvf snƒ mk bfmfp iV, sp mk zfmfsj iVsk slsJY.« (hcJfvD W mcndtm)
iaBqsb }iaBqsb }iaBqsb }iaBqsb }----
zfèct rfmDl IfƒpDzfèct rfmDl IfƒpDzfèct rfmDl IfƒpDzfèct rfmDl IfƒpD
‫א‬ ª‫א‬ ª‫א‬ ª
F‫א‬E
W‫א‬ ğ‫א‬

ufmfzfk n©ijDGq mfnfsqt 186
ufmfzfskv mfb W Èv¢k¶ 184
ufmfzfskv IpDtk W mfrfk¹A 189
sjfbX ufmfzfsk nWqfh shwD? 193
jfv …iv ˆhQ sjfbX bfmfspv ufmfzfk Wqfsuh? 194
ufmfzfsk mdrtfslv zQw oarB 194
ufmfzfk kKf mndusl pfWqfv djYc zflh 196
dj dj Wpsv ufmfzfk YfVf pfq? 197
jkÈstf bfmfpD rst ufmfzfk rsh? 200
bfmfspv jkecjc zQw sist ufmfzfskv IpDtk ifWqf pfq? 200
mnduslv ufmfzfk Ycse sost 201
mndusl däkDq ufmfzfk 201
ufmfzfskv bfmfp slvDsk rst 202
ƒmfmdkv dhhvB 202
ƒmfm rWqfv nhGfdLj shwD spfoA sj? 203
pfslv ƒmfmdk ShL W ðÝ 203
pfslv ƒmfmdk ðÝ bq 206
ƒmfm W mcÙÁflDv l]fVfhfv ²¿fb W dbqm 210
ƒmfsmv jkGhA 213
mcÙÁflDv jkGhA 217
ƒmfsmv iÇyfsk dj¶vfzfk 225
mcÙÁflDv ufmfzfsk wfdmt rWqfv dhdHâ zh²¿f 227
v¢jC sist vfjzfk oBA 228
mnhCsjv ƒdÙÁlf 231
zfqfskv uhfsh mcÙÁflDv lczf htf 231
ƒmfm Hct jvst mcÙÁflDv jkGhA 232
ƒmfsmv ƒmfmdk jvfq sjfb nmnAf slJf dlst 232
ƒmfsmv wvmofr sJftf slJst 233
ƒmfm nCvf Hct iVst 233
ˆjƒ bfmfp lcƒhfv iVf pfq dj? 234
ƒmfsmv kjhDv si]ZYfsbf 235
ˆj bfmfp iVfv iv ziv bfmfspv ubA zsi[f jvfv IpDtk 236
ucmzfv bfmfp 237
ucmzfr pfslv …iv Ivp bq 238
ucmzfv nmq 239
ucmzfv ubA dbm´km bfmfpD nQJAf 240

ucmzfv ²¿fb 240
ucmzfv zfpfb 240
ucmzfv Jckhfv zfrjfm 242
ucmzfq …id²¿k hAdÙÁv jkGhA 245
²¿fbDq HfNfq Jckhf 249
ucmzfv bfmfp W kfv ncâkD dj¶vfzfk 249
ucmzfv vfjzfk Ycse sost 250
ucmzfv zfso W isv ncâk 251
ucmzfv isv hf hf'lft ucmzfv 4 zKhf 2 vfjzfk ncâk 251
ucmzfv dlsbv IpDtk W ShdwóA 252
ucmzfv dlsb jvBDq 254
ucmzfv dlb pf zShL 256
„slv dlb ucmzfr iVst 257
mcnfdIsvv bfmfp 258
jnv bfmfp 258
jklCv nIsv jnv dhsLq 259
sjfsÚsj jnv ðv¢ rsh? 259
jnsvv nmq-nDmf 260
nIsv ncâk W bIt bfmfp 260
mcnfdIsvv ƒmfm W mcÙÁflD rsq bfmfp 261
mcnfdIsvv nIsvv zfso-isv bfmfp 262
bfmfp umf jsv iVfv dhLfb 262
sjfbX sjfbX zh²¿fq umf jvf pfq? 263
hxdó-hflst bfmfp umf 264
zbA sjfb zncdhLfv jfvsB bfmfp umf 264
umf dhNqj zbAfbA uv¢vD mfnfsqt 265
dhdHâ pfbhfrsb bfmfp 266
svfoDv bfmfp 267
n¶ftfkct JfWI (Hsqv bfmfp) 269
Hq shwD rst 270
ncâk W bIt (zdkdvÙÁ) bfmfp 271
bIt bfmfp Osv iVf Hft 271
bIt bfmfsp tìf djqfm jvf …Ùm 272
bIt bfmfp dhbf Wusv hsn iVfW ShL 272
ncâk bfmfspv jfpf 273
bIt bfmfspv iajfvsHl 273
ncâfsk mczfÄflfr W ofqv mczfÄflfr 273
ncâfsk mczfÄflfr hf vfskhfr 273
Iusvv iCshG lcƒ vfjfzfk ncâk 274

ˆƒ bfmfspv IpDtk 274
ˆ bfmfpsj rfîf jsv iVf 274
ˆ bfmfspv dj¶vfzfk }274
ˆƒ bfmfspv iv Ffbjfsk wqb 275
ˆƒ bfmfspv jfpf 275
ˆƒ bfmfp dhNqj zfsvf djYc mfnfsqt 276
spfrsvv ncâk 276
mfosvshv ncâk 278
ˆwfv ncâk 278
ncâfsk ofqv mczfÄflfr 279
zfnsvv iCshG 2 zKhf 4 vfjzfk 279
mfosvshv zfso 2 vfjzfk 279
ˆwfv iCshG 2 vfjzfk 280
kfrfÏcl bfmfp 280
ˆƒ bfmfspv mfrfk¹A 280
kfrfÏcslv dhdHâ zflh 283
kfrfÏcslv nmq 285
kfrfÏcslv vfjzfk nQJAf 286
kfrfÏcslv dj¶vfzfk 286
kfrfÏcl bfmfspv jfpf 288
dhkXv bfmfp 288
dhkXsvv nmq 289
dhkXv bfmfspv vfjzfk nQJAf 290
1 vfjzfk dhkXv 290
dhkXv bfmfspv mc²Àfrfh dj¶vfzfk 291
dhkXsvv jcbCk 291
jcbCskv ²¿fb W dbqm 293
dhksvv bfmfspv nftfm dIsv lczf 293
ˆj vfsk lcƒhfv dhkXv dbdNÝ 293
dhkXsvv iv bIt 2 vfjzfk 294
dhkXsvv jfpf 294
dhkXv bfmfsp ufmfzfk 294
i]fy-zÙÁX bfmfsp jcbCk 295
yfsñv bfmfp 296
ˆƒ bfmfspv nmq 297
ˆƒ bfmfp jk vfjzfk? 297
yfsñv bfmfp mndusl iVfv ixKj IpDtk 298
pfWqft (nCpG Ttfv) iCshG bfmfp 298
ƒd²ÀJfvfv bfmfp 299

n¶ftfkck kfnhDr 300
ˆƒ bfmfspv nmq 301
n¶ftfkct rf-ufr 302
n¶ftfkck kfWhfr 303
y¦û W nCpGoarsBv bfmfp 304
n¶ftfkct ƒd²Ànjf 305
hxdó iafKGbfv däkDq iÝdk 307
hxdó iafKGbfv kxkDq iÝdk 307
hxdó iafKGbfv ykcKG iÝdk 307
hxdó-iafKGbfv jdkiq lczf 308
zdkhxdó rst 309
jcvzfb dktfzskv dnulfr 309
dnulfv ²¿fbnmCr 310
dnulfv ubA WpC uv¢vD dj? 310
dktfzskv dnulfv lczf 310
bfmfspv dHksv dktfzskv dnulfr 311
ðjXsvv dnulfr 311
nù dnulfr 312
bfmfp jm isV nftfm dIsv dlst 312
bfmfp shwD iVst 313
vfjzfsk ns¦lr rst 313
iaKm kfwfrùl kAfo jvst 314
nù dnulfv zfbcNdÌj mfnfsqt 314
jdkiq dhlzfkD bfmfp 315
mf-hfsiv ubA bfmfp 315
„slv vfskv bfmfp 315
jfpf …mvD 316
n¶ftfkct zfWqfhDb 316
ˆrdkqfkD spfrv 316
n¶ftfkct drIXp 316
mxskv ubA „nfst nWqfshv bfmfp 317
mboVf iafkAdrj bfmfp W kfv sJqftD nWqfh 317
mboVf mfdnj bfmfp W kfv sJqftD nWqfh 319

mfWtfbf mcrf©mfl mcjf©mft rj dvqfpD nfsrshvmfWtfbf mcrf©mfl mcjf©mft rj dvqfpD nfsrshvmfWtfbf mcrf©mfl mcjf©mft rj dvqfpD nfsrshvmfWtfbf mcrf©mfl mcjf©mft rj dvqfpD nfsrshv
zdHmkzdHmkzdHmkzdHmk
rfsml]f… Wqf mcnfdïqfb, zf©mf hf'l.
bfmfp ƒntfsmv iÑ ²Às©Hv zbAkm. ƒntfsm kfv Èv¢k¶ yvm. kfv Èv¢k¶ n©isjG
jcvzfb-rflDsnv ifkf Hvicv. bfmfp bf iVst mcndtm Kfjf pfq bf. zfhfv ndEj
iÝdksk kf zflfq bf jvst uDhsbv nh zfmt ià. snƒ ubA ndEj iÝdksk bfmfp
iVf zfmfslv njstv jkGhA. ˆƒ …sÜswA …ibDk rsk rst ndEj bfmfp dw[fv
ic²Àsjv iasqfub.
hkGmfsb zfmfslv nmfsu zdLjfQw mfbcN dbu dbu jfqlfq bfmfp isV; ncâkD
kvDjfv Lfv Lfsv bf ˆhQ ufsbW bf. ˆHfsh jk mfbcN jhsvv sise yst sosY kfv
nQJAf zfïfrƒ Hft ufsbb.
Hct iÝdksk bfmfp iVfv jsqjde jfvsBv msLA bfmfspv ndEj kKA nìdtk ic²Àj
bf Kfjf ˆhQ ziv dlsj kKfjdKk hfufvD bfmfp dw[f ic²Àsjv zdLj iaytb ˆjde
iaLfb jfvB. spmb sI¼m, skmdb ƒ]e. snfuf sI¼sm snfuf ƒ]e ˆhQ h]fjf sI¼sm h]fjf ƒ]e
rWqfefƒ öfHfdhj. zhwA ndEj bfmfp dw[fv ic²Àj ˆsjhfsv sp sbƒ, kf htdY bf.
ksh kfv nQJAf boBA.
wasÝq mfWtfbf zfèct rfmDl zft-IfƒpDv hƒ `n¶ftfsk mchfwXdwv' ifE jsv
…itdé jvsk ifvtfm sp, snde bfmfspv ndEj mfnfsqt nìdtk, jcvzfb-rflDsnv
ltDt nmxÝ, ncndÏk, ncdhbA²À ˆhQ mfduGk HfNfq iaBDk. zfïfv jfsY zfmfv zfwf, ˆ
Lvsbv ic²Àj bfmfspv ndEj iK W kKA lfsb, bfmfpDslv yfdrlf ˆhQ wCbA²¿fb iCvsB
nrfqj rsh - ƒb wfzfïfr.
sr zfïfr! ˆ ic²Àsjv iasBkfsj ˆhQ p]fvf ˆƒ ic²Àsjv iajfwbfv hAfifsv nfrfpA-
nrspfdokf jsvsYb, k]fslv njtsjƒ ƒr-ivjfst …Ùm hltf lfb jv. zfmDb.
dhbDk
mcrf©mfl mcjf©mft rj
…qfƒbfr, n†lD zfvh

HHCCddmmjjff
‫و‬ ‫ذ‬ ‫و‬ ‫و‬ ‫و‬ ْ‫א‬ ‫ن‬
‫א‬ ª ‫و‬‫و‬X‫د‬
ً‫א‬ ‫ن‬ ‫و‬ ‫و‬ ‫א‬ ‫ن‬ ‫و‬
‫و‬K}ٍ ْ ‫א‬ ْ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫س‬ ‫א‬
‫و‬ ‫وא‬‫א‬ ْ‫א‬ ‫وא‬ ‫و‬ ‫א‬Ù ً ‫و‬ ‫زو‬
‫ن‬ ‫א‬ ‫ن‬ ‫م‬ ‫وא‬ ‫ن‬ ‫א‬{}‫א‬
‫و‬ ‫و‬ ‫א‬ ْ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ْ‫א‬‫ن‬{}‫א‬
‫א‬ ً ‫א‬ ‫و‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫و‬
‫زא‬ ‫ز‬ ‫و‬ ‫א‬ ‫و‬ ‫ذ‬{
bfmfp ƒntfsmv zbAkm iaLfb ƒhflk. äDsbv däkDq ²À©H. ˆ ƒhflk djHfsh ðÝ rsh -sn dy§Àf
iaskAj bfmfpDv. mcndtm mfÛƒ ufbf lvjfv sp, sp sjfbW ƒhflk W zfmt jhct rq ˆjde dHdÙsk.
zfv sn dHdÙ rt `kfWrDl'. nckvfQ pfv kfWrDl sbƒ, kfv bfmfp sbƒ. sn bfmfpD rstW kfv bfmfp
mjhct bq zfïfrv lvhfsv. i[f§Àsv iaskAj ƒhflk W zfmt jhct rq lcde smZdtj wkG iftsbv
mfLAsm; (1) ƒJtfn (sn jfu sjht mfÛ zfïfrv …sÜswA rsk rsh. zfv jfsvf …sÜswA, zbA sjfb
öfsKG sn jfu jvst, kf zfïfrv dbje oarBspfoA bq). (2) vnCt ˆv zbcnvB. k]fv dbslGw
hAkDk zbA sjfb kvDjfq hf iÝdksk sn zfmt jvst, kf zfïfrv jfsY oarBDq bq. mrfb zfïfr
hstb,
FFFFFFFF‫د‬ ْ¯ ‫و‬ ً ً ْ ‫ن‬‫د‬ ْ¯ ‫و‬ ً ً ْ ‫ن‬‫د‬ ْ¯ ‫و‬ ً ً ْ ‫ن‬‫د‬ ْ¯ ‫و‬ ً ً ْ ‫ن‬
ً‫א‬ً‫א‬ً‫א‬ً‫א‬EEEEEEEE
zKGf{, nckvfQ sp hAdÙÁ zfïfrv nf[f{ jfmbf jsv, sn hAdÙÁ spb sbj zfmt jsv ˆhQ kfv

iadkiftsjv ƒhflsk zbA jf…sj wvDj bf jsv. (jc} 18/110)
bhD mchfwXdwv hstb, F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E zKGf{, skfmvf snƒv™i bfmfp
iV, spv™i zfmfsj iVsk slsJY. (hc}, dm} 683 bQ)
zsbj ifEsjv msb ðv¢skƒ ˆ iaw´ ufof öfHfdhj sp, ˆ ic²Àj sjfbX mprfhsj dHdÙ jsv dtdJk?
ˆv …Ùsv htf pfq sp, ƒmfm zfhC rfbDIf (v}) ˆv …dÙÁ ªrflDn nrDr rstƒ sndeƒ zfmfv mprfh.«
(ƒhsb zfshlDb, rfdwqf 1/63, dnnfb} 46ix) zKGf{, nrDr rflDn ifWqf sost pqDI rflDn hf vfq W djqfnsj
huGb jsv snƒ zbcpfqD zfmt jvf iaskAj mcndtsmv ubA Wqfsuh. zfv snƒ jKfv iadk dhswN sJqft
svsJ ˆƒ ic²Àj dtdJk.
bfmfp dw[fv hAfifsv ifEj rqskf dhdHâ hƒ-ic²Àsj `bfbf mcdbv bfbf mk' t[A jvshb. zfv ˆmb mkdhsvfL sp
zöfHfdhj kf bq. ˆv jfvB zsbjef ˆƒ sp, zsbsjv dbje nrDr rflDn zufbf. zsbsjv dbje rflDn nrDr hst
ufbf KfjstW zfnst kf pqDI. zfhfv sjfb rflDn ˆj dvuft-ncsÛ pqDI rstW kf sp zbA dvuft-nCsÛ nrDr, kf
zsbsjv zufbf. nckvfQ pdl sjfb mcukfdrl dbu ƒudkrfsl sjfb mfnzftf hst Kfsjb ˆhQ ltDt sn jKfv nmKGb
jsv, zKhf sjfb zmcukfdrl zfstm pdl sjfb mcukfdrslv jKf dbu ic²Àsj hf Iskfqfq bjt jsvb, kfrst ˆmb
zfstsmv dhv¢sÝ jcimàcjkfv idvyq dlsq `H]cƒ-sI]fV, jfEsmfïf' iaHxdk hst dhv™i m§ÀhA jvf sjfb dhÎ W pwöD
zfstsmv ubA swfHbDq W nmDyDb bq.
spmb ifEsjv …dyk, ltDstv öv™ikf slsJ pKfnfLA ndEj sjfbXde kf dbv™iB jvsk syóf jvf ˆhQ snƒ msk zfmt
jvf. ˆ s[sÛ k]fv ubAW …dyk bq, sjfb zdHÎ zfstsmv dhv¢sÝ sjfb iajfsvv jecdÙÁ jvf. ˆmb sYfeJfe dhNsq
ƒudkrflD mkifKGjAsj dhëfd§Àjv msb bf jvf. jfvB, ˆ njt (ncâkD) dhNsq ndEj Ifqnftf `rA]f' djQhf `bf' pfƒ
srfj, bfmfspv sjfb [dk rsh bf. zkˆh …lfv msb iv±iv-dhsvfLD mskv msLA sp sjfb ˆjdev …iv ndEj Îfsb
zfmt jvst dkdb nWqfh-iafå rshb. spmb mcukfdrslv Ifqnftf ndEj rst dkdb 2de ˆhQ shdEj rst 1de sbjD
tfH jvshb. zfv k]fv zdb¤Yfjxk Hct LkGhA rsh bf.
ifEsjv rfsk zÛ ic²Àjde zfnst nQd[å zfjfsv iajfdwk `nftfsk mchfwXdwv'-ˆv dh²Àfdvk W hdLGk v™i.
rfWqftfq sp nQsjk hAhrfv rsqsY kfv hAfJAf vsqsY ic²Àsjv swN zQsw. jsthv hxdÝ lv¢b hƒdesj lcƒ Jsà dhHÙÁ
jvf uv¢vD dYt. iaskAj Jsà ucsV slWqf rsh snƒ nQsjk-idvdydk W iamfBiÓD. zfwf jdv ifEsjv hcUsk sjfb
zncdhLf rsh bf.
siwfq bq, sbwfq W iasqfusbv kfjDsl pf djYc dtdJ, pf djYc hdt, zfïfr nhƒ skfmfv n§Âdó dhLfsbv …sÜswA.
zkˆh kf zfmfv ˆhQ iajfwsjv jfY sKsj jhct jsv dbW. zfmDb.
zft-mfumfzfr
vuh 1418dr}
dhbDk
zfèct rfmDl mflfbD

mrfb zfïfrv zbcoasr `n¶ftfsk mchfwXdwv'-ˆv däkDq Jà ifEsjv rfsk …id²¿k
rt. kfv ubA k]fv lvhfsv tfsJf wcjdvqf Îfib jdv.
äDsbv zbAkm J]cdev ˆjde jfEfsmf siw jvsk sisv zfdm dbsusj spmb LbA msb
jvdY, skmdb zfwf jvdY lczf W nWqfh tfsHv.
sjht nrDr rflDnsj dHdÙ jsvƒ, zdLj s[sÛ sj dj hstsYb kf …sïJ bf jsvƒ
sjht nrDr dljef kcst LsvdY zfmfv ˆƒ icd²Àjfq. mfbcsNv msb nrDr dw[fv sykbf
W hfnbfv jKf sJqft svsJƒ zfmfv ˆƒ [cû iaqfn. zfïfr spb kf jhct jsvb, kfƒ
zfmfv jfmbf.
dhdHâ dhkdjGk mfnfsqst zfdm hkGmfb dhsw¶v iaLfb 3de vk´; hkGmfb dhsw¶v zdäkDq
mcrfdÜn zfïfmf wfqJ mcrf©mfl bfsnv¢ÜDb zfthfbD, zfïfmf wfqJ ƒhsb hfp ˆhQ
zfïfmf W IjDr wfqJ ƒhsb …NfƒmDb (vfdrmfùmcïfù ufmDzfb)osBv rflDnté W
nrDr ltDt dHdÙj mksj iafLfbA dlsqdY. zfv ˆ jKf zhwAƒ iamfB jsv sp, zfdm
k]fslv iaskAsjv; hvQ iaskAj rj-náfbD vêfbD zfstsmv HÙÁ W zbcvÙÁ. kf hst
jfsvf záHÙÁ bƒ. i[f§Àsv iaskAj mcndtsmv jkGhA zdLjfvDv zdLjfv ndEjv™si
zflfq jvf. …tfmfv pKfKG jlv jvf. iaskAj rj-náfbDv zbcvÙÁ rWqf; pdlW hf
k]fslv sjfb sjfb zdHmk zfmfv-zfibfv hcsUv zbcjCt bq. htf hfùtA, J]fde snfbf
öBGjfvƒ dybsk ifsv; öBG-hAhnfqD bq.
`bfmfp' ƒntfsmv iaLfb ƒhflk. `bfmfp' wède IfvnD, …lGc, dr¦lD W zfmfslv hfQtf
HfNfq zfvhD `nftfk' zsKGƒ idviCBGv™si hAhr™k hstƒ zfdm `nftfk'-ˆv ²¿fsb
`bfmfp'ƒ hAhrfv jsvdY. kfYfVf hfQtfHfNDv zdLjfQw mfbcN `nftfk' wèdev nfsK
idvdyk bq. kfƒ idvdyk W iadnÝ wèƒ hAhrfv jvsk zfdm iaqfn sisqdY. zfv
ˆsk wvqD sjfb hfLfW sbƒ. nckvfQ ˆ dhNsq ncr™l ifEsjv jfsY zfmfv ƒudkrflD
SjdIqk siw jsv nclxdó zfjNGB jvdY.
iasqfusbv kfjDsl pf djYc dtdJ, nhƒ zfïfrv n§Âdó tfsHv zfwfq. zfïfr spb kf
zfmfsj lfb jsvb ˆhQ jft djqfmsk ˆvƒ znDtfq zfmfsj, zfmfv wasÝq dikf-
mfkf W W²ÀfpoBsj, zfv ˆ hƒ-ˆv …slAfÙÁf, iajfwj W njt zfmtjfvD ifEjsj
k]fv smrmfb-Jfbf shsrsñ ²¿fb slb. zfmDb.
dhbDk
zfèct rfmDl zftzfèct rfmDl zftzfèct rfmDl zftzfèct rfmDl zft----mflfbDmflfbDmflfbDmflfbD
zft-mfumfzfr
n†lD zfvh
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26/6/2002dJa}

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zfmtgW ƒhflk wcÝ-zwcÝ ˆhQ kfsk nWqfh ifWqf-bfifWqfv jKf dbqskv …iv
dbHGvwDt. dbqk wcÝ rst zfmt wcÝ; bsy{ bf. diaq bhD hstb, ªpfhkDq zfmt
dbqskv …iv dbHGvwDt. nckvfQ iaskAj hAdÙÁv kf-ƒ iafiA rq, pfv sn dbqk jsv
Kfsj. sp hAdÙÁv druvk ifdKGh sjfb dhNq tfsHv …sÜswA rq, sn hAdÙÁv kf-ƒ iafiA
rq. pfv druvk sjfb mdrtfsj dhhfr jvfv …sÜswA rq, kfv iafiAW kfƒ. sp sp
dbqsk druvk jvsh sn kfƒ sisq Kfjsh.« (hc}, mc}, dm} 1bQ)
bfm sbWqf stfj slJfsbf, sjfb ifdKGh öfKGtfH ƒkAfdlv …sÜswA sjfb zfmt jvf
ˆj dIkbf; pf jfbf lfÏfstv dIkbf zsi[f hV W zdLjkv HqËv. ˆjlf
nfrfhDoB jfbf lfÏfstv jKf zfstfybf jvdYstb. ƒkAhnsv zfïfrv vnCt shv
rsq k]fslv …sÜswA htstb, ªzfdm dj skfmfslvsj ˆmb (dIkbfv) jKf hst slh bf,
pf zfmfv dbje jfbf lfÏfstv dIkbfv sysq zdLjkv Hqfbj?« njst htstb,
`zhwAƒ sr zfïfrv vnCt!' dkdb htstb, ªkf rt Èå dwjG; stfsj bfmfp iVsk
l]fVfst kfv iadk zbA stfsjv lxdó sJqft jsv kfv bfmfpsj zfsvf nc¦lv hf shwD jsv
iVsk wcv¢ jsv.« (ƒmf}, hf}, nkf} 27bQ)
htfhfùtA, zfïfrv n§ÂdótfH YfVf zbA sjfb öfKGtfsHv …sÜswA sjfbW zfmt
jvst Èå dwjG jvf rq.
zfïfr kfzftf hstb, ªnckvfQ lcsHGfo snƒ njt bfmfpDslv, pfvf kfslv bfmfp
nìsá …lfnDb. pfvf stfj slJfsbfv …sÜswA bfmfp isV ˆhQ oxr²¿fdtv iasqfubDq
sYfeJfsef nfrfpAlfsb dhvk Kfsj.« (jc} 107/4-7)
ÎfkhA sp, iaskAj ƒhflk jhct rWqfv mCt hcdbqfl rt kWrDl.
zkˆh mcwdvsjv sjfb ƒhflk oarBspfoA bq. spmb iaskAj ƒhflk mÓcv rWqfv
ubA smZdtj wkG rt lc'de; dbqskv ƒJtfn hf dhwcÝdyÙkf ˆhQ mcrf©mflcv vfnCtcïfr
ˆv kvDjf, pf nrDr rflDsn hdBGk.
bbbfffmmmfffssspppvvv wwwkkkGGGfffhhhtttDDD
1. bfmfpDsj iajxk mcndtm rsk rsh. 2. Îfbn©iâ rsk rsh. (ifot hf ÎfbwCbA
rsh bf.) 3. dhshjn©iâ rsk rsh. (nfk hYsvv dbm´ hqnD dwwc rsh bf.) 4. (Wpc-
sofnt jsv) idhÛ rsk rsh. 5. bfmfspv ndEj nmq rsk rsh. 6. wvDsvv tÏf²¿fb
zfhxk rsk rsh. 7. wvDv, sifwfj W bfmfspv ²¿fb sKsj bfifjD lCv jvsk rsh.
8. djhtfv dlsj mcJ jvsk rsh. 9. msb msb dbqk jvsk rsh.

bbffmmffssppvv zzffvvjjffbbnnmmCCrr
1. (Ivp bfmfsp) nfmKGA rst djqfm (l]fVfsbfv nmq l]fdVsq bfmfp iVf). 2. kfjhDsv
kfrvDmf. 3. (iaskAj vfjzfsk) nCvf Ifdkrf. 4. v¢jc. 5. v¢jc sKsj …sE JfVf
rWqf. 6. (nfófsÌ) dnulfr. 7. dnulfr sKsj …sE hnf. 8. lcƒ dnulfv mfsU ShEj.
9. swN kfwfrùl. 10. kfwfrùslv swN ShEj. 11. …ÙÁ kfwfrùsl bhD ( ) ˆv
…iv lv™l ifE. 12. lcƒ nftfm. 13. nm²À v¢jXsb LDvkf W d²¿vkf. 14. zfvjfsbv
mfsU kvkDh W ipGfqÛÁm.
bbffmmffssppvv WWqqffssuuhhnnmmCCrr
1. kfjhDsv kfrvDmf YfVf nm²À kfjhDv. 2. v¢jcv kfnhDr. 3. (ƒmfm W ˆjfjD
bfmfpDv ubA) `nfdmzfïfù dtmfb rfdmlfr' htf. 4. (njstv ubA) `vfêfbf ztfjft
rfmXlX' htf. 5. dnulfv kfnhDr. 6. lcƒ dnulfv mfsU lczf. 7. iaKm kfwfrùl.
8. kfwfrùslv iaKm ShEj.
bbffmmffpp jjJJbb IIvvpp rrqq??
druvskv iCshG bhczskv 12 zKhf 13km hYsv wsh-dm'vfsu nå zfnmfsbv
…isv nvfndv zfïfr W k]fv diaq vnCstv nf[fsk (dhbf mfLAsm) bfmfp Ivp rq.
iakAr 50 zsÙÁv bfmfp Ivp rst rpvk mCnf W rpvk duhvDt ˆv
ivfmwGmsk mrfbhD zfïfr kfzftfv dbje jsqjhfv pfkfqfk jsv bfmfp rfîf
jvfv lvJf²À siw jvst 50 sKsj 5 zsÙÁ jdmsq zfbf rq. dj§Â zfïfrv jKf zbV
hstƒ ‰ 5 zsÙÁv dhdbmsq 50 zsÙÁvƒ nWqfh bfmfpDvf tfH jsv Kfsjb. (hc}, mc}, dm}
5864bQ)
bfmfp Ivp rWqfv sofVfsk (4 vfjzfkdhdwó bfmfpÈstf) lc' lc' vfjzfk jsvƒ
Ivp dYt. isv pJb bhD mlDbfq druvk jvstb, kJb (spfrv, zfnv W ˆwfv
bfmfsp) 2 vfjzfk jsv shsV 4 vfjzfk rt. zfv nIsvv bfmfp rt ‰ iaKm
Ivmfsbv mckfshj. (hc}, mc}, zf}, dm} 1348 bQ)

bbffmmffssppvv mmffrrffkk¹¹AA
mrfb zfïfr hstb,
ْ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫ن‬ ‫א‬ ‫و‬ ª ْ‫א‬ ‫و‬ ‫א‬ْ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫ن‬ ‫א‬ ‫و‬ ª ْ‫א‬ ‫و‬ ‫א‬ْ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫ن‬ ‫א‬ ‫و‬ ª ْ‫א‬ ‫و‬ ‫א‬ْ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫ن‬ ‫א‬ ‫و‬ ª ْ‫א‬ ‫و‬ ‫א‬
ْ ‫א‬ ْ ‫و‬ ْ‫وא‬ْ ‫א‬ ْ ‫و‬ ْ‫وא‬ْ ‫א‬ ْ ‫و‬ ْ‫وא‬ْ ‫א‬ ْ ‫و‬ ْ‫وא‬
zKGf{, kcdm skfmfv iadk iakAfdló oa§¿ ifE jv ˆhQ pKfpKHfsh bfmfp iV. dbÇyq
bfmfp zw½Dt W m¦l jfu rsk dhvk vfsJ. zfv zhwAƒ zfïfrv dpjXv (n¹vBƒ)
nhGswaô. (jc} 29/45)
bfmfp mcdmsbv y[csj wDkt jsv, kfv pfhkDq sYfe sYfe sofbfr hf tOc W …iifisj
smfyb jsv slq. rpvk zfhc ùvfƒvf hstb, zfdm zfïfrv vnCt sj htsk
wcsbdY, dkdb hstsYb, ªdj zdHmk skfmfslv, pdl skfmfslv jfsvf lvufv nfmsbƒ
ˆjde blD Kfsj ˆhQ snƒ blDsk sn iakAr i]fyhfv sofnt jsv, kfv wvDsv sjfb mqtf
zhdwó Kfjsh dj? njst htt, `bf, kfv wvDsv sjfb mqtf zhdwó Kfjsh bf.' dkdb
htstb, ªzbcv™iƒ i]fy WqfÙÁ bfmfspv …imf. ‰ bfmfpnmCsrv Istƒ (bfmfpDv)
nm²À sofbfrsj zfïfr smfyb jsv slb.« (hcJfvD 528bQ, mcndtm 667bQ, dkvdmpD, bfnf„)
zfïfrv vnCt hstb, ªjfhDvfr sofbfr bf jvst i]fy WqfÙÁ bfmfp, ˆj ucmzfr
sKsj ziv ucmzfr -ˆv mLAhkGDjfst nQOdek ifinmCsrv jfIIfvf (iafqdÇyÙ).«
(mcndtm 233bQ, dkvdmpD, iamcJ)
rpvk zfhc …nmfb hstb, ˆjlf ˆjde ofsYv dbsy zfdm nftmfb ˆv nfsK
(hsn) dYtfm. dkdb ofsYv ˆjde wc®j Fft Lsv drdtsq dlstb. ˆsk Ffstv nm²À
ifkfocdt UsV sot. zk}iv dkdb htstb, `sr zfhc …nmfb! kcdm zfmfsj duÎfnf
jvsh bf dj sp, sjb zfdm ˆv™i jvtfm?' zfdm httfm, `sjb jvstb?' dkdb
htstb, `ˆjlf zfdmW zfïfrv vnCt ˆv nfsK ofsYv dbsy dYtfm. dkdb zfmfv
nfmsb zbcv™i jvstb; ofsYv ˆjde wc®j Fft Lsv drdtsq dlstb. ˆsk kfv nm²À
ifkf Jsn iVt. zk}iv htstb, ªsr nftmfb! kcdm zfmfsj duÎfnf jvsh bf dj
sp, sjb zfdm ˆv™i jvtfm?« zfdm httfm, sjb jvstb? dkdb …Ùsv htstb,
ªmcndtm pJb nc¦lvHfsh Wpc jsv i]fy WqfÙÁ bfmfp isV kJb kfv ifivfdw dEj
‰Hfshƒ Usv pfq spHfsh ˆƒ ifkfocstf Usv sot. zfv dkdb ˆƒ zfqfk ifE jvstb,
ً ‫وز‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫و‬ً ‫وز‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫و‬ً ‫وز‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫و‬ً ‫وز‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫و‬‫ذ‬ ª ‫א‬ ª ْ‫א‬ ‫ن‬ ‫א‬‫ذ‬ ª ‫א‬ ª ْ‫א‬ ‫ن‬ ‫א‬‫ذ‬ ª ‫א‬ ª ْ‫א‬ ‫ن‬ ‫א‬‫ذ‬ ª ‫א‬ ª ْ‫א‬ ‫ن‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ْ ‫ذ‬‫א‬ ْ ‫ذ‬‫א‬ ْ ‫ذ‬‫א‬ ْ ‫ذ‬
zKGf{, zfv kcdm dlsbv lc' iaf§ÀHfso W vfskv iaKfmfQsw bfmfp jfsqm jv. icBAvfdw
zhwAƒ ifivfdwsj lCvDHCk jsv slq. (zfïfrv) n¹vBjfvDslv ubA ˆ rt ˆj n¹vB.

(nCvf rCl 114 zfqfk) (zfrml, bfnf„, kf¶hfvfbD, nrDr kfvoDh 356bQ)
mrfbhD hstb, ªhf¦lf pJb bfmfsp l]fVfq, kJb kfv sn kfv nm²À sofbfrsj dbsq
kfv mfKfq W lcƒ j]fsL vfJf rq. zk}iv sn pJbƒ v¢jC W dnulf jsv, kJbƒ ˆjde
ˆjde jsv nm²À sofbfrÈdt Usv isV pfq.« (hfƒrfjD, n}uf} 1671bQ)
bbffmmffssppvv ÈÈvv¢¢kk¶¶
bfmfp W kfv Èv¢sk¶v jKf jcvzfb mfuDslv hù ufqofskƒ zfstfdyk rsqsY.
sjfKfW bfmfp jfsqm jvfv zfslw dlsq, sjfKfW bfmfpDv iawQnf W iadklfb ˆhQ
shbfmfpDv db¦lf W wfd²À hBGbf jsv, zfïfr kfzftf bfmfspv iadk hV Èv¢k¶ zfsvfi
jsvsYb. ˆj ²¿fsb dkdb hstb,
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫و‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫و‬ ‫א‬ ‫ن‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫و‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫و‬ ‫א‬ ‫ن‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫و‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫و‬ ‫א‬ ‫ن‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫و‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫و‬ ‫א‬ ‫ن‬
zKGf{, kfviv kfvf pdl kWhf jsv bfmfp jfsqm jsv W pfjfk slq ksh kfvf
skfmfslv äDbD Hfƒ. (bsy{ bq.) (jc} 9/11)
zbAÛ hstb,
ْ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫و‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫و‬ ‫وא‬ْ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫و‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫و‬ ‫وא‬ْ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫و‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫و‬ ‫وא‬ْ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫و‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫و‬ ‫وא‬
zKGf{, dhwcÝdysÙ k]fv zdHmcJD rW; k]fsj Hq jv, pKfpKHfsh bfmfp iV, zfv
mcwdvjslv z§ÀHGcÙÁ rsqf bf. (jc} 30/31)
jcvzfb mfuDsl bfmfpsj mrfb zfïfr `„mfb' hst zfJAfqb jsvsYb, dkdb hstb,
}ī ‫א‬ ‫ن‬ ‫و‬ī ‫א‬ ‫ن‬ ‫و‬ī ‫א‬ ‫ن‬ ‫و‬ī ‫א‬ ‫ن‬ ‫و‬{FFFFEEEE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
zKGf{, zfïfr skfmfslv (jf'hfv dlj YfVf hfqkct mfjslsnv dlsj mcJ jsv
zflfqjxk iCshGv) „mfb (bfmfp)sj hvhfl jvshb bf. (jc} 2/143)
bfmfp mc'dmsbv „mfb W mcndtsmv ƒntfsmv dblwGb. mrfbhD hstb, ªƒntfm W
dwjG ˆhQ jcIsvv mfsU ifKGjA dbhGfybjfvD rt ˆƒ bfmfp.« (mc} 82bQ, dm} 569bQ)
sjfb zfmt kAfo jvfv Ist sj… jfsIv rsq pfq bf. dj§Â nfrfhfoB bfmfp kAfo
jvfsj jcIXvD msb jvskb. (dk}, dm} 579bQ)
rpvk ƒhsb mfn…l hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ bfmfp kAfo jsv kfv äDbƒ sbƒ.« (ƒhsb
zfhD wfƒhfƒ, k¶fhfvfbDv jfhDv, nrDr kfvoDh 571bQ)
rpvk zfhC lfvlf hstb, ªpfv bfmfp sbƒ kfv „mfbƒ sbƒ.« (ƒhsb zfèct hfvG,
iamcJ, nrDr kfvoDh 572bQ)
diaq bhD zfsvf hstb, ªzfmfslv W Wslv (jfsIvslv) mfsU ycdÙÁƒ rt bfmfp.
nckvfQ sp hAdÙÁ kf kAfo jvsh, sn jfsIv rsq pfsh (hf jcIvD jvsh.) (dk} 2621,
ƒmf} 1079 bQ)
dkdb zfsvf hstb, ªi]fy WqfÙÁ bfmfp zfïfr hf¦lfosBv …iv Ivp jsvsYb.

nckvfQ sp hAdÙÁ kf pKfKGv™si zflfq jvsh ˆhQ kfsk Èv¢k¶ dlsq kfv djYcW dhbó
jvsh bf, snƒ hAdÙÁv ubA zfïfrv ˆƒ iadkwa¢dk zfsY sp, dkdb kfsj ufâfsk iashw
jvfshb. zfv sp hAdÙÁ kf zflfq jvsh bf, sn hAdÙÁv ubA zfïfrv sjfb iadkwa¢dk
sbƒ. dkdb ƒ¤Yf jvst kfsj wfd²À slshb, bsy{ ƒ¤Yf rst ufâfskW dlsk ifsvb.«
(mf}, zflf}, bf}, ƒdr}, nkf} 363 bQ)
iCshGfÙÁ zfqfk W rflDsnv dHdÙsk hV hV hù …tfmfoB hstsYb sp, shbfmfpD
jfsIv. sjfb mcndtm (bfmfpD) bfvDv nfsK kfv dhhfr rsk ifsv bf, kfv phfƒjxk
iwcv mfQn rftft rq bf, sn mfvf sost kfv ufbfpf iVf rsh bf, mcndtm (bfmfpD)
sYstvf kfv Wqfdvn rsh bf hf snW bfmfpD hfsiv Wqfdvn rsh bf ˆhQ kfsj
mcndtmslv jhv²¿fsb lfIb jvf rsh bf --- ƒkAfdl.
zhwA swsNfÙÁ rflDn ˆhQ zbcv™i zbAfbA rflDsnv dHdÙsk zbAfbA zfstmoB
hstb sp, `shbfmfpD jfsIv bq, ksh bfmfp kAfo jvf jfsIsvv jfu hse.' (ƒhsb hfp,
ƒhsb …nfƒmDb W zfthfbDv Iskfqf ûóhA)
pfƒhf srfj …ÙÁ zfqfk W rflDnnmCsr bfmfspv dhvfe Èv¢k¶ ±ió. bfmfp rt äDsbv
J]cde. (ndk} 2110, nƒmf} 3973 bQ) äDsbv i]fyde hcdbqfslv msLA ˆefƒ rt däkDq
hcdbqfl. (hc}, mc}, dm} 4bQ) kfƒ skf diaq bhD uDhsbv swN mcrCskG mvB-wpAfq wfdqk
zh²¿fskW bfmfspv ubA hAdkhA²À dYstb. ƒs§Àjfstv iCshG swN …islsw dkdb bfmfspv
Èv¢k¶ nìsá …©mksj nsykb jsv sostb. htstb, ªbfmfp! bfmfp! zfv ÛÁDklfn-
lfnD (ˆv hAfifsv skfmvf nkjG sKsjf.) (nuf} 3873 bQ)
nfhftj rstƒ mcndtsmv …iv bfmfp Ivp rq. khcW zHA²À jvfv …sÜswAƒ
zfïfrv bhD hstb, ªskfmvf skfmfslv sYst-smsqslvsj kfslv hqn 7 hYv
rstƒ bfmfspv zfslw lfW. 10 hYv hqsn bfmfsp zHAfnD bf rst kfslvsj iarfv
jv. zfv kfslv iaskAsjv dhYfbf ixKj jsv lfW.« (zflf}, dm} 572bQ)
nh zsÙÁv bfmfp bq, sjhtmfÛ ˆj zsÙÁv zfnsvv bfmfp Ycse sost hf bf iVf
rst kfv [dkv idvmfB hcUfsk diaq bhD hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ zfnsvv bfmfp kAfo
jsv, sn hAdÙÁv zfmt ià rsq pfq.« (hcJfvD 553, bfnf„)
dkdb zfsvf hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁv zfnsvv bfmfp Ycse sot, kfv spb idvhfv W Lb-mft
tcØb rsq sot.« (mfstj, hcJfvD 552, mcndtm 626 bQ iamcJ)
mrfb zfïfr hstb,
‫ن‬ ْ ú ª‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫وא‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ْ‫ن‬ ْ ú ª‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫وא‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ْ‫ن‬ ْ ú ª‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫وא‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ْ‫ن‬ ْ ú ª‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫وא‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ْ
zKGf{, Wslv iv ˆt ˆmb (zilfKG) ivhkGDlt; pfvf bfmfp bó jvt W jciahxdÙ-
ivhw rt. nckvfQ Wvf zdysvƒ jdEb wfd²À iakA[ jvsh. (jc} 19/59)
zfïfr kfzftf hstb,
FFFF‫א‬ ْ‫א‬ ْ‫א‬ ْ‫א‬ ْ‫ون‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫ن‬‫ون‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫ن‬‫ون‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫ن‬‫ون‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫ن‬EEEE

zKGf{, nckvfQ lcsHGfo snƒ njt bfmfpDslv, pfvf kfslv bfmfp nìsá …lfnDb. pfvf
stfj slJfsbfv …sÜswA bfmfp isV. (jc} 107/4-6) htf hfùtA, bfmfpD rsqW bfmfsp
ofItdk jvfv jfvsB pdl slfpsJv lcsHGfo sHfo jvsk rq, kfrst shbfmfpD rsq jk
hV lcsHGfo sHfo jvsk rsh kf zbcsmq.
mvsBv ivifsv mLAuosk bfmfsp …lfnDb W SwdKtAjfvD hAdÙÁv mfKfq djqfmk
zhdL ifKv Ecsj Ecsj mfvf rsh. (hc} 1143bQ)
bfmfp zfïfr W hf¦lfv mfsU n©isjGv ˆj snkchá. ªdjqfmskv dlb hf¦lfv dbje
sKsj nhGfsoa sp zfmstv drnfh sbWqf rsh kf rt bfmfp. nckvfQ kf ndEj rsq Kfjst
kfv zbAfbA zfmtW ndEj hst dhshdyk rsh. bsy{ zbAfbA njt zfmt db°It W
hAKG rsh.« (k¶fh}, nkf} 369bQ)
bfmfp ˆk Èv¢k¶iCBG sp, kfv wkGfhtD hkGmfb Kfjf jfst kf (bfhftj dwwc, ifot W
‡kcmkD mdrtf YfVf) jfsvf ubA sjfb zh²¿fskƒ mfI bq. ˆmb dj pcsÝv mqlfsb
iafBr§Àf vÙÁ-diifnc wÛ¢lstv nfmsbW bq! (jc} 4/102) znc²¿ zh²¿fq JfVf rsq bf
ifvst hsn, hsn bf ifvst jf{ rsq wcsqW bfmfp iVskƒ rsh. (hc}, dm} 1248 bQ)
ƒwfvf-ƒdÌsk vc¢jc-dnulf bf jvsk ifvst msb msb dbqskW bfmfp iVsk rsh. syóf
nsÙ¶W idhÛ Kfjsk z[m rstW ‰ zh²¿fskƒ bfmfp Ivp. (ƒhsb …nfƒmDb, jfƒIf
qAfkfk¶frXrfv¢t mfvDpc zqcAnfïD ûóhA)
iiddhhÛÛkkff
bfmfp jhct rWqfv ubA spv™i dhwcÝ „mfb ˆhQ r™lqsj dwjDG W jcIvD LfvBf W
dhw¶fn sKsj idhÛ vfJf uv¢vD wkG, kû™i bfmfpDv hfdrAj slr W sifwfj-zfwfjsj
idhÛ vfJfW ˆj uv¢vD wkG. spsrkc ªbfmfspv yfdhjfdEƒ rt idhÛkf.« (zflf}, dk},
lf}, dm} 312 bQ) kfYfVf ˆƒ idhÛkf rt zsLGj „mfb. (mc}, dm} 281bQ)
(dhswN jsv ifdb äfvf zduGk) idhÛkfq hxdÝ rq msbfspfo, lCv rq zftnA, k¦ûf W
dbûf, ±ICdkGv nfsK ƒhflsk mb hsn zdLj.
mpD hf mtmCÛ sKsj idhÛkf zuGsbv ubA ifdb hf (psKó ifdb bf ifWqf sost)
mfdev sTtf hAhrfv jsv kf lCv jvf ˆhQ Wpc jvfƒ psKó. zhwA sjfb iajfsvv SmKcb
äfvf hf ösi´ zKhf spZbdy§Àfq …sÙubf W kxdåv nfsK hDpGifk jvst hf rst sofnt
Ivp. spmb nÌsm spfbDisK dtÌfoa iashw jdvsq hDpGifk bf jvstW sofnt Ivp.
(hc}, mc}, dm} 430bQ) zbcv™i mdrtfslv mfdnj W sbIfn sKsj idhÛ rWqfv ubAW
sofnt Ivp.
Wpc W sofnstv ubA hAhrfpG ifdbW idhÛ kKf idhÛjfvD rWqf uv¢vD. nfLfvBk}
icjcv, blD, bftf, nmcû, iaHxdkv ifdb idhÛ W idhÛjfvD. sp ifdbsk idhÛ sjfb

dudbn -spmb zfef, nfhfb, ufIvfb ƒkAfdl dmdwak rq, sn ifdbv vQ, oá hf öfl
idvhkGb bf rst kfsk Wpc-sofnt ytsh.
ifdbsk sjfb zidhÛ dudbn isV pfWqfv Ist zKhf zbA sjfb jfvsB pdl kfv vQ,
öfl hf oá idvhkGb rsq pfq, kfrst kf bfifj oBA rsh. idvhkGb bf rstW pdl ifdb
2 jcïfr (iafq 270 dtefv, mkf§Àsv 191 sKsj 200 sjdu) ˆv sysq jm rq,
kfrstW kf bfifj. ˆv shwD rst sn ifdb ifj. kfsk Wpc-sofnt ytsh. (zf}, zflf},
dk}, bf}, ƒmf}, lf}, dm} 477bQ)
sp ifdb ˆjhfv Wpc-sofnst hAhrfv rsqsY, sn ifdb ifj. dj§Â kfsk zfv Wpc-
sofnt rsh bf.
mfbcN, ofLf, J¤yv, ifJD, rftft iwc, dhVft iaHxdkv ˆ]sef ifdb ifj; kfsk Wpc-
sofnt ytsh. zhwA wCjv W jcjcsvv ˆ]sef ifdb bfifj. (dh²Àfdvk ûóhA dInc} …lGc 33-37ix})
ssooffnntt jjvvffvv ddbbqqmm
bfifjDv sofnt jvsk rst sofnstv dbqk jsv mcndtm iaKsm 3 hfv lcƒ rfk jdç
ipG§À Lcsh. zk}iv hfm rfskv …iv ifdb sTst slsrv bfifjD Lcsq sItsh. kfviv
hfm rfksj mfde zKhf nfhfb äfvf Lcsq bfmfspv ubA Wpc jvfv mk iCBG Wpc jvsh.
zhwA sofnstv ufqof idv°jfv bf rst if lcde sofnt swsN Lcsq sbsh. Wpcv iv 3 hfv
mfKfq ifdb sTst Hft jsv yctÈstf sLfsh, pfsk nm²À ycstv sofVfq sofVfq ifdb si]ZsY
pfq. kfviv nfvf slsr 3 hfv ifdb sTst Hftv™si Lcsq sbsh. (hc}, mc}, dm} 435-436 bQ)
mdrtfslv sofntW icv¢Nslv zbcv™i. zhwA mdrtfv mfKfv ycst shBD h]fLf (ycde
o]fKf) Kfjst kf sJftf uv¢vD bq. ksh 3 hfv ifdb dbsq ycstv sofVf zhwAƒ Lcsq dbsk
rsh. (hc}, dm} 438bQ) bsJ bJifdtw hf sjfb iajfv icv¢ si¦eX Kfjst kf kcst bf sItf
ipG§À sofnt rsh bf. i[f§Àsv smsrlD hf zftkf stso Kfjf zh²¿fq sofnt rsq pfsh.
jifst dei (?) Kfjst YfdVsq sIst (jift) Lcsk rsh. bsy{ sofnt rsh bf.
hDpGifk hf nÌm-udbk bfifjD W mfdnsjv sofnt, zKhf mfdnj W „l, zKhf
hDpGifk hf nÌm-udbk bfifjD W ucmzf hf „slv sofnt dbqk rst ˆjhfvƒ psKó.
ixKj ixKj sofnstv lvjfv sbƒ. (dInc} …lcGc 60ix} û})
sofnstv iv bfmfspv ubA zfv ixKj Wpcv iasqfub sbƒ. sofnstv iv Wpc HfÌfv
sjfb jfu bf jvst sofnstv Wpcskƒ bfmfp rsq pfsh. (zflf}, dk}, bf}, ƒmf}, dm} 445bQ)
svfo-udbk jfvsB pdl jfsvf tfofkfv hDpG, mpD, nafh hf ƒd²Àrfpfv Jcb Usv ksh kfv
ubA sofnt Ivp bq; iaskAj bfmfspv ubA Wpcƒ psKó. ˆƒ njt zh²¿fq bfmfp mfI
bq. (zflf}, dk}, dm} 560-561 bQ)
iajfw sp, sofnt, Wpc hf zbAfbA jsmGv nmq dbqk zfvhDsk hf dbu HfNfq mcsJ

…¤yfvB jvf dhlzfk.
nkjGkfv dhNq sp, bfifjD lCv jvfv ubA sjht of-sLfqf hf of Fcdhsq sbWqf psKó
bq. iCshG Wpc jsv pKfdbqsm sofnt jvst kshƒ iCBG sofnt rq. bsy{ zsbsjv msk
jcdï bf jvst ˆhQ bfsj ifdb bf dbst sofntƒ wcÝ rsh bf. (mcm} 1/304)
WWppcc WW kkffvv ÈÈvv¢¢kk¶¶
mrfb zfïfr hstb,
‫و‬ ‫و‬ ‫א‬ ْ ‫א‬ ‫ذא‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫و‬ ‫و‬ ‫א‬ ْ ‫א‬ ‫ذא‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫و‬ ‫و‬ ‫א‬ ْ ‫א‬ ‫ذא‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫و‬ ‫و‬ ‫א‬ ْ ‫א‬ ‫ذא‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫و‬ ‫و‬ ‫א‬ ‫وא‬ ‫א‬ ْ‫א‬‫و‬ ‫و‬ ‫א‬ ‫وא‬ ‫א‬ ْ‫א‬‫و‬ ‫و‬ ‫א‬ ‫وא‬ ‫א‬ ْ‫א‬‫و‬ ‫و‬ ‫א‬ ‫وא‬ ‫א‬ ْ‫א‬ْ‫א‬ْ‫א‬ْ‫א‬ْ‫א‬
zKGf{, sr „mfblfvoB! pJb skfmvf bfmfspv ubA ia²Âk rsh kJb skfmvf
skfmfslv mcJmàt W rfk jbcƒ ipG§À sLZk jvsh ˆhQ skfmfslv mfKf mfnfr jvsh.
zfv if lc'desj o]fe ipG§À sLZk jvsh. (jc} 5/6)
nckvfQ hV bfifjD bf Kfjfv Ist sofnstv lvjfv bf rstW bfmfspv ubA sYfe
bfifjD sKsj idhÛkf zuGsbv …sÜswA Wpc Ivp. ˆ hAfifsv mrfbhD W hstb,
ªWpc bó rsq sost icbvfq Wpc bf jvf ipG§À zfïfr jfsvf bfmfp jhct jsvb bf.« (hc},
mc} dm} 300bQ)
Wpcv mfrfk¹A W IpDtk iansÌ ˆjfdLj rflDn hdBGk rsqsY. ˆj rflDsn dkdb
hstb, ªdjqfmskv dlb zfmfv …©mksj zfr¶fb jvf rsh; zfv snƒ nmq Wpcv Ist
kfslv mcJmàt W rfk-if lDdåmq Kfjsh.« (hc} 136, mc} 246bQ)
zbA ˆj rflDsn dkdb hstb, ªWpcv ifdb pÜCv si]ZYsh kÜCv mc'dmsbv zsÌ ztËfv
(suAfdk) swfHmfb rsh.« (mc} 250bQ)
dkdb zfsvf hstb, ªmcndtm hf mcdmb hf¦lf pJb Wpcv …sÜswA kfv mcJmàt sLZk
jsv kJb Wpcv ifdbv nfsK zKhf ifdbv swN dh¦lcv nfsK iaskAj snƒ sofbfr shv
rsq pfq pf sn lcƒ y[cv lxdóv mfLAsm jsv sIstdYt. zk}iv pJb sn kfv rfk lcdesj
sLZk jsv kJb ifdbv nfsK zKhf ifdbv swN dh¦lcv nfsK iaskAj snƒ sofbfr shv rsq
pfq pf sn …Hq rfsk LfvB jvfv mfLAsm jsv sIstdYt. zk}iv pJb sn kfv if
lcdesj sLZk jsv kJb ifdbv nfsK zKhf ifdbv swN dh¦lcv nfsK iaskAj snƒ sofbfr
shv rsq pfq pf sn kfv lcifsq ytfv mfLAsm jsv sIstdYt. swN zhdL nm²À sofbfr
sKsj sn idhÛ rsq shv rsq zfsn.« (mfstj, mcndtm 244bQ, dkvdmpD)

WWppcc jjvvffvv ddbbqqmm
1- bfmfpD iaKsm msb msb Wpcv dbqk jvsh. jfvB dbqk YfVf sjfb jmGƒ wcÝ rq bf.
(hc}, mc}, dm} 1bQ)
2- `dhndmïfr' hst Wpc wcv¢ jvsh. jfvB wcv¢sk kf bf htst Wpc rq bf. (nzflf} 92bQ)
3- dkbhfv lcƒ rfk jdç ipG§À Lcsq sbsh. rfsk OdV, ycdV, zfQde iaHxdk Kfjst kf
drdtsq kfv kst ifdb si]ZYfsh. zfÌct dlsq zfÌcstv I]fjÈstf sJtft jvsh. (zflf},
dk}, ƒmf}, dm} 407bQ) ˆviv ifdbv ifsÛ rfk Fcdhsq ifdb dbsk ifsv. (hc}, mc} 394bQ)
iajfw sp, bsJ bJifdtw hf sjfb iajfv icv¢ si¦eX Kfjst kf kcst bf sItf ipG§À Wpc
rsh bf. i[f§Àsv smsrlD hf zftkf stso Kfjf zh²¿fq Wpc-sofnt rsq pfsh.
4- kfviv Ffb rfsk ifdb dbsq 3 hfv jcdï jvsh.
5-zk}iv ifdb dbsq bfsjv sofVfq tfdosq sesb dbsq hfm rfk äfvf bfj UfVsh.
ˆv™i 3 hfv jvsh. ksh svfpf zh²¿fq Kfjst nfhLfsb bfsj ifdb efbsh, pfsk otfv
dbsy ifdb bf yst pfq. (dk}, bf}, nbf} 89, dm} 405, 410bQ)
zhwA ˆj stfe ifdbskƒ ˆjƒ nfsK zsLGj dlsq jcdï jsv hfdj zsLGj dlsq bfj
UfVstW yst. (hc}, mc}, dm} 394bQ)
6- zk}iv mcJmàt (ˆj jfb sKsj ziv jfsbv mLAhkGD ˆhQ jifstv ycstv sofVf
sKsj lfdVv dbsyv zQw ipG§À zÌ) 3 hfv ifdb tfdosq lcƒ rfk äfvf sLZk jvsh. (hc}
140bQ) ˆj stfe ifdb lfdVv mfsU dlsq lfdVv I]fsj I]fsj zfÌct yfdtsq kf sJtft
jvsh. (zflf}, dm} 408bQ) mdrtfslv jifst dei (?) Kfjst YfdVsq sIst (jift)
Lcsk rsh. bsy{ Wpc rsh bf.
7- zk}iv iaKsm Ffb rfk zfÌcstv Fof sKsj jbcƒ ipG§À ˆhQ klbcv™i hfm rfk 3
hfv (iaskAj hfsv icsvf rfsk ifdb dIdvsq vosV) sLZk jvsh.
8- zk}iv ˆjhfv mfKf mfnfr jvsh; bkcb ifdb äfvf lcƒ rfksj dHdusq
zfÌctÈdtsj mcsJfmcdJ jsv mfKfv nfmsbv dlj (spJfb sKsj yct oufsbf wcv¢ rsqsY
snJfb) sKsj diYb dlj (olGfsbv spJfsb yct swN rsqsY snJfb) ipG§À ±iwG jsv
icbvfq nfmsbv dlsj dbsq ˆsn wcv¢v ufqof ipG§À iCBG mfKf mfnfr jvsh. (hc}, mc}, dm}
394bQ) mfKfq ifodV Kfjst kfv …isvW mfnfr jvsh. (mc}, dm} 399bQ)
9- zk}iv zfv bkcb ifdb bf dbsq ‰ rfskƒ lcƒ jfb mfnfr jvsh; wfrflskv
(kuGbD) lcƒ zfÌct äfvf lcƒ jfsbv dHkv dlj ˆhQ lcƒ hcsVf zfÌct äfvf lcƒ jfsbv
diE W hfdrv dlj mfnfr jvsh. (nzflf} 99, 125bQ)
iajfw sp, olGfb mfnfr jvf dhsLq bq. hvQ ˆef dhlzfk.
10- zk}iv iaKsm Ffb if W isv hfm if o]fe ipG§À 3 hfv jsv vosV sLfsh. jsV

zfÌct äfvf ifsqv zfÌcstv I]fjÈstf sJtft jsv vosV sLZk jvsh. (zflf}, dk}, ƒmf},
dm} 407bQ)
diaq bhD hstb, ªiCBGfÌv™si Wpc jv, zfÌcstv I]fjÈstf sJtft jv zfv svfpf bf
Kfjst bfsj Jch Hftv™si ifdb yVfW. (kfviv kf sUsV sIst …Ùmv™si bfj nfI
jv.) (zflf}, dk}, bf}, ƒmf}, lf}, dm} 405-406 bQ)
11- ˆviv rfsk ifdb dbsq jfisVv …iv sKsj wvmofsr dYdesq slsh. dhswN jsv
siwfh jvfv iv Wpc jvst ˆƒ zfmt zdLjv™si hAhrfpG. spsrkc siwfh jsv
kfrfvskv iv lc-ˆj jfkvf siwfh shv rWqfv znznf Kfsj. nckvfQ ifdb dYdesq
dlst ‰ znznf lCv rsq pfq. (nzflf} 152-154, nƒmf} 374-376bQ) ˆƒ zfmt sJfl
duhvf„t mrfbhD sj dw[f dlsqsYb. (ƒmf}, lf}, rf}, hf}, zf}, dnn} 841bQ)
WWppccvv sswwssNN llcczzff
diaq bhD hstb, ªskfmfslv msLA sp sj…ƒ idviCBGv™si Wpc jvfv iv (dbs©bv
dpjXv) isV kfv ubAƒ ufâfskv zfede äfv …¦mcÙÁ jvf rq; sp äfv dlsq ƒ¤Yf sn
iashw jvsk ifsv.
‫و‬ ‫א‬ ‫ن‬ ‫و‬ ‫و‬ ‫א‬ ‫ن‬‫و‬ ‫א‬ ‫ن‬ ‫و‬ ‫و‬ ‫א‬ ‫ن‬‫و‬ ‫א‬ ‫ن‬ ‫و‬ ‫و‬ ‫א‬ ‫ن‬‫و‬ ‫א‬ ‫ن‬ ‫و‬ ‫و‬ ‫א‬ ‫ن‬KKKK
ªzfwrflc zft tf ƒtf-rf ƒïfïf-ù zrlfù tf wfvDjf tfù z zfwrflc zfâf
mcrf©mflfb zfècù zvfnCtcr.«
zKGf{, zfdm nf[A dld¤Y sp, zfïfr hAkDk sjfb nkA …ifnA sbƒ. dkdb ˆjj k]fv
sjfb zQwD sbƒ. zfsvf nf[A dld¤Y sp, mcrf©mfl k]fv hf¦lf W vnCt. (mcndtm 234bQ,
zfhc lf†l, ƒhsb mfufr)
dkvdmpDv hBGbfq ˆƒ lczfv swsN dbsm´v zQwdeW pcÙÁ zfsY}-
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ْ‫א‬ ْ ‫وא‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ْ ‫א‬ْ‫א‬ ْ ‫وא‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ْ ‫א‬ْ‫א‬ ْ ‫وא‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ْ ‫א‬ْ‫א‬ ْ ‫وא‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ْ ‫א‬KKKK
…¤yfvB}- zfïfù©mfuX zftbD dmbfkX kfWqfhDbf, zuXzftbD dmbft mckfk¶frdrvDb.
zKG}- sr zfïfr! zfmfsj kWhfjfvD W idhÛkf zuGbjfvDslv ltHcÙÁ jv. (dm}
289bQ)
Wpcv swsN dbsm´v lczf ifE jvst kf wcë dbhsá dtsJ nDt jvf rq ˆhQ djqfmk
ipG§À kf bó jvf rq bf.
ª ‫و‬ ¯ ‫ن‬ ¯ ‫و‬ ‫א‬ª ‫و‬ ¯ ‫ن‬ ¯ ‫و‬ ‫א‬ª ‫و‬ ¯ ‫ن‬ ¯ ‫و‬ ‫א‬ª ‫و‬ ¯ ‫ن‬ ¯ ‫و‬ ‫א‬KKKK
ªnchrfbfjfïf-ù©mf zdhrfmdljf, zfwrflc zft tf ƒtf-rf ƒïf zf§ÀX , zf²ÀfodIv¢jf
z zfkChc ƒtfƒjX.«
zKGf{, skfmfv niawQn idhÛkf sOfNBf jvdY sr zfïfr! zfdm nf[A dld¤Y sp kcdmƒ

ˆjmfÛ nkA …ifnA. zfdm skfmfv dbje [mf iafKGbf jvdY W skfmfv dlsj iakAfhkGb
(kWhf) jvdY. (k¶f}, nkf} 218bQ, ƒo} 1/135, 3/94)
ˆ YfVf iaskAj zÌ sLfqfv nmq dbdlGó lczf zKhf swsN `ƒâf zfbpftbf' ifE
dhlzfk.
WWppccvv zzffbbccNNddÌÌjj mmffnnffssqqtt
Wpcv zÌÈstfsj jmis[ 1 hfv jsv sLfqf uv¢vD. 2 hfv jsv LcstW yst. ksh 3
hfv jsv sLfqfƒ …Ùm. ˆvƒ …isv zfïfrv vnCt kKf nfrfhfsq sjvfsmv zfmt
shwD. dj§Â dkbhfsvv zdLj sLfqf zdkvÓb, hfVfhfdV W nDmftQOb jvf. (zflf}, bf},
ƒmf}, dm} 417-418 bQ)
Wpcv sjfb zÌ 2 hfv ˆhQ sjfb zÌ 3 hfv sLfqf lCNBDq bq. (n}zflf} 109, n}dk} 43bQ)
sufVf zÌÈdtv Ffb zÌsj zfso sLfqf vnCt ˆv dbslGw. (zf}, zflf}, ƒmf}, dm}
401bQ) dkdb Wpc, sofnt, mfKf z]fyVfsbf, ucskf ivf iaHxdk njt jfsuv nmq Ffb
sKsj wcv¢ jvf iY¦l jvskb. (hc}, mc}, dm} 400bQ)
Wpcv zÌÈstf -dhswN jsv rfk W if- vosV sLfqf …Ùm. vnCt ˆv ˆv™iƒ
zfmt dYt. (nbf} 72, dm} 407bQ)
zÌnmCr ˆmbHfsh Lcsk rsh pfsk sjfb nfmfbA ufqofW wcjsbf sKsj bf pfq. Wpcv
zsÌ sjfb iajfv ifdbsvfLj h²Â (spmb si¦eX, ycb, jcmjcm, ztËfv, OdV, dei ƒkAfdl)
Kfjst kf zhwAƒ lCv jsv dbsk rsh. spsrkc zfïfrv bhD ˆjlf jkj stfsjv
wc°j sofVfdt slsJ hstdYstb, ªsofVfdtÈstfv ubA slfpsJ L¶Qn W nhGbfw vsqsY!
skfmvf Hftv™si (njt zÌsj n©iCBGv™si) Lcsq Wpc jv.« (mc}, dm} 398bQ)
ˆj hAdÙÁ Wpc jvfv iv mrfbhD ˆv dbje …id²¿k rst slJstb, kfv lcƒ ifsq
bJ idvmfB ufqof wc°j vsqsY. dkdb kfsj htstb, ªkcdm dIsv dosq Hftv™si Wpc
jsv ˆn.« (nzflf} 158bQ)
ˆj hAdÙÁsj dkdb slJstb bfmfp iVsY, zfv kfv ˆj ifsqv disE ˆj dlvrfm
hvfhv ²¿fb wc°j vsqsY, pfsk sn ifdbƒ si]ZYfqdb. dkdb kfsj icbvfq Wpc jsv
bkcbHfsh bfmfp iVsk zfslw dlstb. (nzflf} 161 bQ)
Wpc jvfv nmq dbvhd¤YâHfsh ˆjefbf zÌÈstfsj ipGfqÛÁsm ˆsjv iv ˆj Lcsk
rsh. mfsU dhvdk slWqf ShL bq. nckvfQ sj… mfKf hf jfb mfnfr bf jsv Hcst if Lcsq
sItst ˆhQ nk¶v msb iVst, sn mfnfr jsv icbvfq if sLfsh. hù isv msb iVst
icbvfq bkcb jsv Wpc jvsh.
sj… pdl Wpc wcv¢ jvfv iv jfisV bfifjD slsJ ˆhQ kf nfI jvsk jvsk iCshGjfv
sLZk zÌ wcdjsq pfq, kfrst kfsj icb} Wpc jvsk rsh. i[f§Àsv pdl Wpc n©idjGk
sjfb dhNsq hA²À rsq dbvhd¤Yâkf sjse pfq, ksh kfsk sjfb [dk rq bf. spmb Wpc

jvsk jvsk rfsk hf Wpcv sjfb zsÌ si¦eX hf bJ-ifdtw hf ycb YfVfsk zKhf ifdb
swN rsq sost icbvfq j]csqf hf jt sKsj ifdb kctsk djQhf eAfsËv ifƒi Jctsk
iaHxdk jfvsB Wpcsk nfmfbA dhvdk ˆsn iCshGjfv sLfqf zÌ wcdjsq pfq, kfrst icbvfq
bkcbHfsh wcv¢ jsv Wpc jvsk rsh bf. sp zÌ sLfqf rsqdYt kfv iv sKsjƒ hfjD
zÌnmCr Lcsq Wpc swN jvf pfsh. (mcm} 1/157)
Wpc jvfv nmq h]fLfsbf l]fk sJftf hf sJtft jsv l]fskv I]fj sKsj stso Kfjf
JflAfQw shv jvf uv¢vD bq. (I…} 1/283, Im} 1/210)
ˆjƒ ifÛ rsk öfmD-²ÃD …Hsq ˆj nfsK zKhf ²ÃD zfso W öfmD isv zKhf kfv
dhivDkHfsh Wpc-sofnt jvfq sjfb [dk hf hfLf sbƒ. zfïfrv vnCt kKf
nfrfhfoB ˆv™i zfmt jsvsYb. (hc}, Ikùt hfvD 1/357-358, mc}, dm} 440bQ)
Efàfv jfvsB ovm ifdbsk Wpc-sofnt jvfq sjfb hfLf sbƒ. rpvk …mfv ˆv™i
jvskb. (hc}, Ihf} 1/357-358)
Wpc-sofnstv ubA idvdmk ifdb hAhrfv jvf jkGhA. zdLj ifdb Jvy jvf
zdkvÓsbv ipGfqHcÙÁ; zfv kf ShL bq. (zf} zflf}, ƒmf}, dm} 418bQ) mrfbhD 1 mcÜX
(jm-shwD 625 oafm) ifdbsk Wpc ˆhQ 1 nf' sKsj 5 mcÜX (jm-shwD 2500 sKsj
3125 oafm) ifdbsk sofnt jvskb. (hc}, mc}, dm} 439bQ) nckvfQ p]fvf eAfsËv ifdbsk
Wpc-sofnt jsvb, k]fslvsj nkjG rWqf …dyk.
Wpcv Ivp zÌ n©iCBG jfef Kfjst kfv hfjD zÌ Lcsk hf mfnfr jvsk rq bf. spmb
ˆjde rfk sofef hf jbcƒ ipG§À zKhf ˆjde if sofef hf o]fe ipG§À jfef Kfjst hfjD
ˆjde rfk hf if-ƒ Wpcv ubA Lcsk rsh. (Iƒ} 1/390)
Wpcv swsN ifsÛv zhdwó ifdb sKsj ˆj z]futf l]fdVsq ifb jvfv jKf rflDsn
vsqsY. (hc} 5616, ndk} 44-45, nbf} 93bQ)
Wpcv swsN Wpcv ifdb zÌ sKsj jfiV dlsq mcsY sItf lCNBDq bq. mrfbhD Wpcv
iv dbsuv ucêfq dbsuv syrfvf mcsYsYb. (nƒmf} 379bQ) WpCv iv ifdb mcYfv ubA k]fv
ˆjde h²ÃJà dYt. (dk}, rf}, nuf} 4830bQ)
Wpcv iv lcƒ vfjzfk bfmfspv hV IpDtk vsqsY. zfïfrv vnCt hstb, ªsp
sjfb hAdÙÁ pJbƒ nc¦lvHfsh Wpc jsv ndhbsq ˆjfoakfv nfsK (jfqmsbfhfsjA) lcƒ
vfjzfk bfmfp isV k[Bƒ kfv ubA ufâfk zhLfpG rsq pfq.« (mcndtm 234bQ, zfhc lf†l,
bfnf„, ƒhsb mfufr)
dkdb zfsvf hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ nc¦lvHfsh Wpc jsv, sjfb Hct bf jsv ( ˆjfoadysÙ)
lcƒ vfjzfk bfmfp isV snƒ hAdÙÁv iCshGjfv nmClq sofbfr mfI rsq pfq.« (zfhc
lf†l, nrDr kfvoDh 221bQ)
Wpcv isv bfmfp iVfv Istƒ bhD shsrsñ k]fv zfso zfso rpvk dhtfstv
ucskfv wè wcsbdYstb. (hc}, mc}, nkf} 219bQ)

diaq bhD iaskAj bfmfspv ubA Wpc jvskb. ksh nfrfhfoB bf HfÌf ipG§À ˆjƒ
Wpcsk jsqj zsÙÁv bfmfp iVskb. (zf}, hc} 214 bQ, zflf}, dk}, bf}, lf}, dm} 425bQ)
zhwA mÄf dhusqv dlb bhD ˆj Wpcskƒ i]fy WqfsÙÁv bfmfp isVdYstb. (mc}
277, zflf} 172, ƒmf} 510bQ)
nhGlf Wpc zh²¿fq Kfjf ˆhQ Wpc HfÌst nfsK nfsK Wpc jsv sbWqfv IpDtk hdBGk
rsqsY. mrfbhD hstb, ªskfmvf (iaskAj dhNsq) jkGhAdbô vr; zfv kfsk jJbƒ
n[m rsh bf. susb svsJf, skfmfslv nhGswaô zfmt bfmfp. zfv mcdmb hAkDk sj…ƒ
Wpcv drIfpk jvsh bf.« (ƒhsb mfufr, rfsjm, nrDr kfvoDh 190bQ)
rpvk zfècïfr dhb hcvfƒlfr k]fv dikfv dbje rsk hBGbf jsv hstb, ˆjlf
iaHfkjfst zfïfrv vnCt rpvk dhtftsj sFsj htstb, ªsr dhtft! dj ˆmb
jfu jsv kcdm ufâfsk zfmfv zfso yst sost? zfdm ok vfsÛ (ösi´) ufâfsk iashw
jvst skfmfv (uckfv) wè zfmfv nfmsb sKsj wcbsk sitfm!« dhtft htstb, `sr
zfïfrv vnCt! zfdm pJbƒ zfpfb dlsqdY kJbƒ lcƒ vfjzfk bfmfp isVdY. zfv
pJbƒ zfdm zidhÛ rsqdY kJbƒ zfdm nfsK nfsK Wpc jsv dbsqdY.' ˆ wcsb zfïfrv
vnCt htstb, ªˆƒ jfsuv ubAƒ. (ufâfsk zfmfv zfso zfso skfmfv wè
wcbtfm.)« (ƒhsb Jcpfƒmfr, nrDr kfvoDh 194bQ)
ssvvffooDDvv iiddhhÛÛkkff WW WWppcc--ssooffnntt
svfoD rstW sofnt Wqfsuh rst sofnt ˆhQ Wpcv lvjfv rst Wpc jvf uv¢vD.
Efàf ifdb hAhrfv jvfq [dkv zfwËf rst svfoD ovm ifdb hAhrfv jvsh. ifdb
hAhrfsv ˆsjhfsvƒ znmKG rst hf svfo-hxdÝ zKhf zfsvfoA tfsH dhtsìv zfwËf rst
kfqf©mcm jvsh.
svfoD dbsu Wpc hf kfqf©mcm jvsk bf ifvst zbA sj… jdvsq slsh.
Wpcv sjfb zsÌ [k KfjstW kf Lcsk rsh. zhwA ifdb tfost Of shsV pfsh ˆmb
zfwËf Kfjst rfk dHdusq kfv …iv hcdtsq mfnfr jvsh. mfnfr jvfW [dkjfvj
rst ‰ zsÌv idvhskG kfqf©mcm jsv sbsh.
[k²¿fsb ide h]fLf hf i½f±efv jvf Kfjst zbAfbA zÌ Lcsq idev …iv mfnfr jvsh.
mfnfr jvst zfv kfqf©mcsmv iasqfub sbƒ.
svfoDv ubAW slr, sthfn W bfmfp iVfv ²¿fsbv nhGiajfv idhÛkf uv¢vD. dj§Â
zidhÛkflCvjvskbfifvstspzh²¿fqKfjshsnzh²¿fskƒkfvbfmfpwcÝrsqpfsh.
sjfb bfmfpsj kfv pKf nmq sKsj didYsq slWqf (spmb Iuvsj spfrsvv nmq
ipG§À dhtì jvf) svfoDv ubAW ShL bq. pKf n©Hh idhÛkf zuGb jsv zKhf (z[m
rst) bf jsvƒ bfmfspv pKf nmq zdkhfdrk rWqfv iCshGƒ bfmfp zhwAƒ isV sbsh.

bsy{ sofbfrofv rsh. (vfnfƒt dIkX kfrfvfdk znX nftfk, ƒhsb …nfƒmDb 39-41ix})
sjhtmfÛ mfKf Lcst zncJ rWqfv hf hfVfv Hq rst hfjD slr Lcsq mfKfq mfnfr
jvsh. zhwA ˆv nfsK kfqf©mcmW jvsk rsh. (ƒhsb hfp, Iƒ} 1/214)
nhGlf ianafh Uvst zKhf hfkjmG rst zKhf mdrtfslv nflf nafh Uvst iaskAj
bfmfspv ubA Wpc uv¢vD. (I…} 1/287-291 û})
bfmfspv nmq rst pdl jfisV bfifjD stso Kfsj, ksh bfmfpD kf hlst tÏf²¿fb
Lcsq Wpc jvsh. bfmfspv nmq pfsk bfifjD zbAfbA zsÌ hf jfisV YdVsq bf isV kfv
ubA wvmofsr dhswN jfiV, tAfÌe hf ide hAhrfv jvsh.
sofnt jvst svfo-hxdÝ rsh ˆhQ Wpc jvst [dk rsh bf hcUst kfqf©mcm jsv Wpc
jvsh.
WWppcc bbóó rrWWqqffvv jjffvvBBnnmmCCrr
1. siwfh W ifqJfbf äfv rsk djYc (siwfh, ifqJfbf, hDpG, mpD, rfWqf, vÙÁ, jxdm,
ifKv iaHxdk) shv rst Wpc sHsÌ pfq. (mcm} 1/220)
klbcv™i slsrv zbAfbA zÌ sKsj (spmb zifsvwb jsv sie sKsj ifƒsiv
mfLAsm) zidhÛ (dhswN jsv siwfh-ifqJfbf) shv rstW Wpc bó rsq pfsh. (‰1/221)
2. pfsk sofnt Wqfsuh rq, kfsk WpcW bó rq.
3. sjfb iajfsv shùw hf ÎfbwCbA rst Wpc bó rq.
4. ofPHfsh Ocdmsq iVst Wpc HfsÌ. zfïfrv vnCt hstb, ªsyfJ rt mtäfsvv
h]fLb. nckvfQ sp Ocdmsq pfq, sn spb Wpc jsv.« (zf}, zflf}, ƒmf}, dm} 316, nuf} 4149bQ)
zhwA rfîf Ocm hf Tct (k¦ûf) ˆst Wpc HfsÌ bf. nfrfhfsq sjvfm bhD ˆv pcso
ˆwfv bfmfspv ubA k]fv zsi[f jvsk jvsk k¦ûf¤Yâ rsq Tctskb. zk}iv dkdb
ˆst k]fvf bfmfp iVskb, dj§Â bkcb jsv zfv Wpc jvskb bf. (mc} 376bQ, zflf} 199-201bQ)
5. siwfh zKhf ifqJfbf-äfv nvfndv ±iwG jvst Wpc bó rq. (jfisVv …iv sKsj
rfk dlst bó rq bf.) (nuf} 6554, 6555bQ) mrfbhD hstb, ªskfmfslv msLA sp
hAdÙÁ dhbf ilGfq W z§Àvfst dbsuv wvmofr ±iwG jsv, kfv …iv Wpc Wqfsuh rsq
pfq.« (nuf} 362, dnn} 1235 bQ)
rfskv jdçv …isvv zQw äfvf ±iwG rst Wpc HfÌsh bf. (mcm} 1/229)
6. …sev sofñX (jdtuf, Hc]dV) sJst Wpc sHsÌ pfq. ˆj hAdÙÁ mrfbhD sj duÎfnf
jvt, `…sev sofñX sJst Wpc jvh dj?' dkdb htstb, ªrA]f, …sev sofñX sJst Wpc
jsvf.« (mc} 360bQ)
dkdb hstb, ª…sev sofñX sJst skfmvf Wpc jsvf.« (zf}, zflf}, dk}, ƒmf}, nuf} 3006 bQ)

ppffsskk WWppcc bbóó rrqq bbff
1. bfvDslr ±iwG jvst Wpc HfsÌ bf. jfvB, mrfbhD vfsÛ bfmfp iVskb, zfv mf
zfsqwf (vf}) k]fv n©mcsJ if smst wcsq Kfjskb. pJb dkdb dnulfq spskb, kJb
k]fv ifsq ±iwG jsv if ndvsq dbsk htskb. ˆsk dkdb dbsuv if lc'desj Èdesq
dbskb. (hc} 513, mc} 512bQ)
dkdb rpvk zfsqwf (vf})sj ycìb dlskb. kfviv Wpc bf jsv bfmfp iVsk shdvsq
spskb. (zflf}178-179 bQ, zf} 6/210, dl} 86, bf} 170, ƒmf} 502bQ, lfvf} 1/138, hf} 1/125)
zhwA ±iwG hf ycìsb mpD shv rst kf Lcsq Wpc uv¢vD. (I…}1/285-286)
2. srf-srf jsv rfnst; ˆ iansÌv rflDnde ltDstv spfoA bq. kfƒ rfnst Wpc HfsÌ
bf. (dInc} …lGc 1/50-51, hc}, Ihf} 1/336)
3. hdm jvst; ˆjlf bhD hdm jvst svfpf sHsÌ sItstb. kfviv dkdb Wpc
jvstb. (zf} 6/449, dk}) ˆƒ rflDsn k]fv jsmGv iv±iv zh²¿f hdBGk rsqsY. hdm
jvstb hst Wpc sHsÌ dosqdYt, kfƒ dkdb Wpc jsvdYstb -kf iamfB rq bf. (ƒo}
1/148, mcm} 1/224-225)
4. o]fsev dbsy jfiV Uctfst; o]fsev dbsy jfiV Uctfsbf jfhDvf sofbfr. djqfmsk
zfïfr snƒ hAdÙÁv dlsj kfdjsqW slJshb bf, sp hAdÙÁ kfv ivsbv jfiV ifsqv
o]fsev dbsy ipG§À Ucdtsq isv. (hc} 5784, mc} 2085bQ) dj§Â ˆv Ist Wpc HfsÌ bf. ˆj
hAdÙÁ ‰v™i jfiV Ucdtsq bfmfp iVst mrfbhD kfsj icbvfq Wpc jsv bfmfp
iVsk ùjcm dlsqdYstb hst sp rflDn zfhC lf†sl hdBGk rsqsY, kf pqDI ˆhQ
ltDstv spfoA bq. (p} zflf} 124, 884bQ)
5. bfj sKsj vÙÁ iVst; ˆsk Wpc bó rq hst rflDn ƒhsb mfufq hdBGk rsqsY, kf
pqDI. (p} ƒmf} 252, p}uf} 5426bQ)
6. slsrv sjfb zÌ sjse vÙÁ iVst, l]fk sKsj vÙÁ Uvst, kDvdhÝ rsq vÙÁ iVst;
pf-kcv dvjf' pcsÝ bhD …id²¿k dYstb. snJfsb ˆj hAdÙÁ kDvdhÝ rsq vÙÁfÙÁ
rstW sn v¢jc dnulf jsv bfmfp n©iâ jsvdYt. rfnfb hfnvD (v}) hstb, mcndtmvf ˆ
pfh{ kfslv vÙÁfÙÁ [k dbsqƒ bfmfp isV zfnsY. rpvk ƒhsb …mfv ˆjde
Icnjcdv sost dlst kf sKsj vÙÁ shv rt. dj§Â dkdb Wpc jvstb bf. ƒhsb zfhD
zfWIf vÙÁmfJf KcKc sItstb. zk}iv dkdb k]fv bfmfp n©iâ jvstb. ƒhsb …mfv
W rfnfb hstb, sj… wxÌ tfdosq hl-vÙÁ shv jvst sjht ‰ ufqofef Lcsq sbsh. ˆ
YfVf Wpc-sofnt sbƒ. (hc} Ihf} 1/336)
iCshGfÙÁ kDvdhÝ stfjde dYt ˆjub zfbnfvD. kfv nÌD ˆj mcrfsuvD kfv vÙÁfÙÁ
zh²¿f slsJ htt, `nchrfbfïfr! (dkb dkbse kDv smsvsY?!) iaKm kDv mfvst kcdm

zfmfsj ufdosq lfWdb sjb?' zfbnfvD htt, `zfdm ˆmb ˆjde nCvf ifE jvdYtfm,
pf n©iCBG bf jsv sYsV dlsk iY¦l jdvdb!' (zflf} 198bQ)
7. mclGf sofnt dlst; mrfbhD hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ mclGfsj sofnt slsh, sn spb dbsu
sofnt jsv sbq. zfv sp hAdÙÁ ufbfpf hrb jvsh, sn spb Wpc jsv sbq.« (zflf}, dk},
zf} 2/280 iaHxdk) dj§Â ˆƒ dbslGwde mc²Àfrfh. zKGf{ bf jvstW yst. ksh jvf …Ùm.
jfvB, sofntlfkfv slsr bfifjD stso pfWqfv ns¦lr Kfsj kfƒ. kfƒ skf zbA ˆj
hBGbfq zfsY; dkdb hstb, ªmclGfsj sofnt dlst skfmfslv ubA sofnt jvf uv¢vD bq.
jfvB skfmfslv mclGf skf zfv bfifj bq. zkˆh skfmfslv rfk Lcsq sbWqfƒ psKó.«
(rf} 1/386, hf} 3/398)
rpvk …mfv hstb, `zfmvf mfƒsqAksj sofnt dlkfm. kfsk zfmfslv msLA
sj… sj… sofnt jsv dbk. zfhfv zsbsj jvk bf.' (lfvf} 191bQ)
zhwA mfƒsqAksj sofnt slWqfv nmq kfv wvmofsr rfk stso Kfjst Wpc zhwAƒ
bó rsh. zfv ufbfpf hrb jvfsk Wpc bó rq bf. (mh} 26/96)
8. mxkslsrv sifómseGm jvfskW Wpc HfsÌ bf. (‰ 27/40)
9. Wpc jsv mfsqvf pdl kfslv dwwcv siwfh hf ifqJfbf nfI jsv, ksh kf rfsk
tfostW Wpc HfsÌ bf. zhwA ifqJfbfäfv hf siwfhäfv sLfqfv nmq sjfb äfsv rfk
tfost Wpc bó rsq pfq. (‰ 22/62)
10. sjfbW bfifj h²Â (mfbcN hf iwcv siwfh, ifqJfbf, vÙÁ iaHxdk)sk rfk hf if
dlst Wpc HfsÌ bf. (‰ 35/96)
11. Wpc jvfv iv LCmifb jvst Wpc bó rq bf. ksh LCmifb jvf zhwAƒ rfvfm. (‰
18/92-93)
12. sjftb, sjfrt hf d±idve-dmdwak zfkv hf sn¦eX hAhrfv jvst Wpcv sjfb [dk
rq bf. ksh kf hAhrfv ShL bq. (Iƒ} 1/203)
13. yct, bJ ƒkAfdl nfI jvst Wpc HfsÌ bf. (I…} 1/292, hc} 1/336) klbcv™i zw½Dt
jKf htst, r]fecv …iv jfiV …sE ˆst, mdrtfv mfKf sJftf sost, jf…sj hf dbsusj
…tÌ slJst Wpc bó rq bf.
lcL ifb jvst bfmfspv iCshG jcdï jvf mc²Àfrfh. (hc} 211, mc} 358bQ)
sspp sspp jjffssuuvv uubbAA WWppcc uuvv¢¢vvDD hhff mmcc²²ÀÀffrrffhh
bfmfp iVfv ubA, jcvzfb mfuDl (mcnrfI) ±iwG jvf hf rfsk sbWqfv ubA ˆhQ
jf'hf wvDsIv kWqfI jvfv ubA Wpc jvf uv¢vD.
ˆ YfVf jcvzfb sktfzk, zfïfrv dpjXv, sktfzk W wcjXsvv dnulf, zfpfb, nfIf-
mfvWqfv nf„, dhdHâ sJfkhf ifE ƒkAfdlv nmq Wpc jvf mc²Àfrfh.

ssmmffuuffvv ……iivv mmffnnffrr
yfmVf hf jfisVv (ncdk hf bfƒtsbv) smfufv …iv mfnfr hù nQJAj rflDn äfvf
iamfdBk. nfrfhD ufvDv (vf}) (dpdb Wpcv zfqfk zhkDBG rWqfv iv ƒntfm oarB
jsvb dkdb) hstb, `zfdm slsJdY, zfïfrv vnCt siwfh jvfv iv Wpc jvstb ˆhQ
dbsuv (yfmVfv) smfufv …iv mfnfr jvstb.' (mc} 272bQ)
mcoDvfr dhb swf'hfr jkGxj hdBGk, dkdb hstb, zfïfrv vnCt Wpcv iv
(ncdkv) smfuf W ucskfv …iv mfnfr jsvsYb. (zflf} 159, ƒmf}, dk}, zf}, dm} 523bQ)
ˆˆƒƒ mmffnnffrrvv wwkkGGffhhttDD
ˆƒ mfnfrv ubA 4de wkG vsqsY;
1- if Lcsq iCBGv™si Wpc jvfv iv smfuf ivsk rsh. iCshG Wpc bf jsv smfuf isv,
kfviv kfv …iv mfnfr ytsh bf.
nfrfhD mcoDvfr hstb, zfdm bhD ˆv nsÌ ˆj nIsv dYtfm. dkdb Wpc
jvdYstb. zfdm k]fv smfuf lc'de Jcst dbsk U]cjtfm. dkdb htstb, ªYfsVf, zfdm W
lc'desj Wpc zh²¿fq isvdY.« (hc} 206, mc} 274bQ)
2- smfuf lc'de spb idhÛ rq. zKGf{, kfsk spb sjfb iajfsvv bfifjD stso bf Kfsj.
3- ˆƒ mfnfr spb snƒ idhÛkf zuGsbv nmq rq, pfv ubA sjht Wpc uv¢vD rq.
jfvB, pfv ubA sofnt uv¢vD rq, snƒ idhÛkf zuGsbv nmq smfuf Jcst dlsq if
sLfWqf uv¢vD. (dk}, bf}, zf}, ƒJc}, dm} 520bQ)
4- mfnfr spb dbLGfdvk nmsqv msLA rq. (IfkfWqf dIt mfndr zftft JcIXIfƒb, ƒhsb …nfƒmDb 3bQ)
mmffnnffrrvv nnmmqqjjfftt
rpvk zftD jkGxj hdBGk, dkdb hstb, zfïfrv vnCt mcnfdIsvv ubA 3 dlb
ˆhQ oxrhfnDv ubA 1 dlb smfufv …iv mfnfrv nmq-nDmf dbLGfdvk jsvsYb. (mc} 276)
ˆƒ dbdlGó nmq wcv¢ rsh, Wpc jsv smfuf isv ‰ Wpc HfÌst kfv isvv Wpc jvfv
nmq kfv …iv mfnfr jvfv iv sKsj. zkˆh iaKm mfnfr sKsj 24 O¦ef oxrhfnDv
ubA ˆhQ 72 O¦ef mcnfdIsvv ubA mfnfr jvf ShL rsh. nckvfQ pdl sj… mÌthfsvv
Iusvv bfmfspv ubA Wpc jvfv nmq smfuf isv, kfviv ‰ Wpcsk yfv zÙÁ bfmfp
isV pdl kfv Wpc ˆwfv iv HfsÌ ˆhQ hcLhfv Iusvv iCshG Wpc jvfv nmq mfnfr jsv,
kfrst sn oxrhfnD rst iv dlb hxr±idkhfsvv Iuv ipG§À Wpc jvfv nmq smfufv
…iv mfnfr jvsk ifsv. zbcv™i mcnfdIv rst wdbhfv Iuv ipG§À mfnfr jvsk
ifvsh. (IfJc}, ƒhsb …nfƒmDb 8-9ix}, mh} 1/236)

ˆˆƒƒ mmffnnffrrvv ddbbqqmm
lc'de rfksj dHdusq Ffb rfskv zfÌctÈdtsj Ffb ifsqv zfÌcstv …iv sKsj wcv¢
jsv ifsqv ifkfv …iv dlsj hcdtsq dbsq dosq ifsqv vtfv wcv¢ ipG§À mfnfr jvsk
rsh. zfv ‰ ˆjƒ nfsK ˆjƒ dbqsm hfm rfskv zfÌct dlsq hfm ifsqv ifkfv …iv
mfnfr jvsh. …Hq jfsbv mfnfr spmb ˆjƒ nsÌ rq, dEj skmdbƒ …Hq ifsqv
mfnfr ˆjƒ nsÌ rsh. lcƒ rfk ucsV iaKsm Ffb if, kfviv hfm if ixKj jsv mfnfr
jvf dEj bq. (IfJc} 13bQ)
ifsqv skstfsk Lcstf-hfdt KfjstW kfv dbsy mfnfr jvf dhsLq bq. rpvk zftD
hstb, `äDsb pdl vfq W dhshsjv ²¿fb Kfjk, kfrst smfufv …isvv zQw zsi[f
dbsyv zQwƒ zdLj mfnfrspfoA rk. dj§Â zfdm zfïfrv vnCt sj k]fv smfufv
…isvv zQsw mfnfr jvsk slsJdY.' (zflf}, lf}, zf}, dm} 525bQ)
mmffnnffrr bbóó rrqq ddjjssnn??
1- mfnfrv dbdlGó nmq-nDmf zdkhfdrk rsq sost.
2- sofnt Ivp rst.
3- (mfnfr jvfv iv) smfuf Jcst sItst.
ˆˆƒƒ mmffnnffrrvv zzffbbccNNddÌÌjj mmffnnffssqqtt
wDk-oaD°m sp sjfb nmsq smfuf isv Kfjst kfv …iv mfnfr ShL. smfuf ivf wDskv
ubAƒ rsk rsh, ˆmb sjfb wkG sbƒ. (Iƒ} 1/235)
ˆsjhfsv ifktf (pfsk if slJf pfq ˆmb) smfuf rst kfsk mfnfr ytsh bf. (‰
1/234)
…Ùm W nkjGkfmCtj zfmt ˆƒ sp, …Hq if sLfqf swN rst kshƒ smfuf ivf rsh.
bsy{ Ffb if Lcsq smfuf isv dbsq kfviv hfm if sLfqf W smfuf ivf …Ùm bq. (‰
1/233-234)
smfuf ivfv nmq `ˆv …iv mfnfr jvh' hf `ˆkdlb mfnfr jvh' ˆmb sjfb dbqk
wkG hf uv¢vD bq. (IfJc} 6bQ)
Wpc jvfv ivƒ smfuf ivst kfv …iv mfnfr jvf pfq. kfqf©mcm jvfv iv smfuf
ivst (icbvfq ifdb sist W Wpc jvst snƒ nmq) mfnfr jvf pfq bf. i[f§Àsv ifdb
bf sist ˆhQ Wpc bf jvst pkdlb kfqf©mcm jvsh kkdlb ifsq smfuf Kfjsh. ˆ
nmq smfufv …iv mfnfr jvf hf smfuf Jcst sItf uv¢vD bq. spsrkc kfqf©mcsmv nfsK

ifsqv sjfb n©ijG sbƒ. (IfJc} 5bQ)
sp nIsv bfmfspv jnv ShL, snƒ nIsv 3 dlb 3 vfk mfnfr ShL. (‰ 7bQ) Osv sKsj
mfnfr wcv¢ jvfv iv nIv jvst mcnfdIsvv mk 72 O¦efƒ mfnfr jvsk ifvf pfsh.
zbcv™i nIsv mfnfr wcv¢ jsv Osv dIsv ˆst oxrhfnDv mk sjht 24 O¦efƒ mfnfr
jvf pfsh. (‰ 8bQ)
mfnfrv dbLGfdvk nmqjft swN rsq pfWqfv iv mfnfr jsv bfmfp iVst bfmfp rq
bf. (‰ 10bQ)
Wpc jvfv iv smfuf isv Wpc bf HfÌfv iCshGƒ pdl Jcst icbvfq isv sbWqf rq,
kfrst kfskW mfnfr jvf ytsh. dj§Â ˆjhfv mfnfr jvfv iv smfuf Jcst sItst
kfviv icbvfq (Wpc KfjstW) ivfv iv zfv mfnfr ytsh bf. jfvB, sp Wpcsk if
sLfWqf rq sjht snƒ Wpcv ivƒ smfuf ivst kfv …iv mfnfr jvf pfsh. (‰ 11bQ)
smfufv …iv mfnfr jvfv iv ucskf ivst hf Fht smfuf ivst zKhf Fht smfuf
hf ucskfv …iv mfnfr jvfv iv ˆjde smfuf hf ucskf Jcst sItst …Hq zh²¿fskƒ
mfnfr ShL. ksh mfnfrv nmqjft Lvsk rsh iaKm zh²¿f sKsj. (‰ 12bQ)
mdrtfvfW icv¢Nslv mkƒ mfnfr jvsh. (‰ 16bQ)
smfuf bfdmsq if yctjfst hf ifKv zfdl shv jvst pdl zdLjfQw if shv rsq pfq,
kfrst kfv …iv zfv mfnfr ShL rsh bf. smfufv ktfq rfk Hvst hf nfmfbA if shv
rsq sost mfnfrsk sjfb iaHfh iVsh bf. (‰ 17bQ)
smfufv …iv mfnfr jvfv iv smfuf Jcst sItst ‰ Wpc bó rsq pfq bf. ksh icbvfq
(if bf Lcsq Wpc jsv) smfuf ivst kfv …iv mfnfr yst bf. (‰ 19bQ)
Wpcv msLA pkef if sLfqf Ivp smfufsk kkef if-ƒ Tfjsk rsh; bsy{ mfnfr rsh
bf -ˆ jKfv sjfb ltDt sbƒ. zkˆh Ifef, jfef W sY]Vf smfufv …isvW mfnfr
ytsh. (‰ 4bQ) ksh pdl zdLjfQw if shdvsq Kfsj, kfrst sn jKf dHâ.
Wpc bf jsv smfuf isv kfsk mfnfr jsv Wpc jvst bfmfp rq bf. spmb [k²¿fsb
mfnfr Hcst dosq Wpc jsv bfmfp iVstW bfmfp rq bf. (Iƒ} 1/232, mh} 5/298)
kkffqqff©©mmccmm
kfqf©mcsmv dbslGw sJfl zfïfr kfzftf dlsqsYb. dkdb hstb,
‫و‬ ٍ ‫و‬ ‫ن‬ ‫و‬‫و‬ ٍ ‫و‬ ‫ن‬ ‫و‬‫و‬ ٍ ‫و‬ ‫ن‬ ‫و‬‫و‬ ٍ ‫و‬ ‫ن‬ ‫و‬‫א‬ ‫و‬ ْ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫و‬ ْ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫و‬ ْ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫و‬ ْ‫א‬
‫و‬ ‫א‬ ً ً‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫وא‬‫و‬ ‫א‬ ً ً‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫وא‬‫و‬ ‫א‬ ً ً‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫وא‬‫و‬ ‫א‬ ً ً‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫وא‬
zKGf{, pdl skfmvf znc²¿ rW zKhf nIsv Kfj, djQhf skfmfslv msLA sj… ifqJfbf
jsv zfsn zKhf skfmvf ²ÃD-nÌm jv, zk}iv ifdb bf ifW, kfrst ifj mfde äfvf
kfqf©mcm jsv bfW; skfmfslv mcJmàt W rfksj mfde äfvf mfnfr jv---. (jc} 5/6)

nvt W nru äDsbv bhD hstb, ªnjt mfbcN (…©mskv) …iv zfmfslvsj 3de
dhNsqv mfLAsm swaôk¶ lfb jvf rsqsY; zfmfslv jfkfvsj jvf rsqsY dIdvñfhsoGv
jfkfsvv mk, nfvf ixdKhDsj zfmfslv ubA mndul jsv slWqf rsqsY ˆhQ ifdb bf
ifWqf sost mfdesj zfmfslv ubA idhÛkf zuGsbv …ijvB jvf rsqsY. (mc}, dm}
526bQ)
ssjjffbbXX ssjjffbbXX zzhh²²¿¿ffqq kkffqqff©©mmccmm SShhLL??
1. ˆsjhfsvƒ ifdb bf ifWqf sost zKhf ifb jvfv mk Kfjst ˆhQ Wpc-sofnstv
ubA psKó ifdb bf ifWqf sost.
rpvk ƒmvfb dhb ùnfƒb hstb, zfmvf bhD ˆv nsÌ ˆj nIsv dYtfm. ˆj
nmq dkdb stfsjslv dbsq bfmfp iVstb. pJb dkdb bfmfp swN jvstb, kJb
slJstb ˆjde stfj ˆjec nsv ixKj l]fdVsq zfsY. sn ufmfzfsk bfmfpW isVdb.
dkdb kfsj htstb, ªdj jfvsB kcdm ufmfzfsk bfmfp iVst bf?« stfjde htt,
`zfdm bfifsj zfdY, zfv ifdbW sbƒ.' dkdb htstb, ªifj mfde hAhrfv jv. skfmfv
ubA kfƒ psKó.« (hc}, mc} dm} 527bQ)
dkdb zfsvf hstb, ªlw hYv pfh{ ifdb bf ifWqf sost mcndtsmv Wpcv …ijvB rt
ifj mfde. ifdb ifWqf sost sofnt jsv sbWqf …dyk. zfv ˆef zhwAƒ …Ùm.«
(zflf}, dk}, bf}, ƒmf}, zf}, dm} 530bQ)
zhwA zfsw-ifsw hf nÌDslv jfsvf dbje ifdb zfsY dj bf, kf zhwAƒ slsJ dbsk
rsh. pJb ˆjf§À ifdb ifWqfv sjfb zfwfƒ Kfjsh bf, kJb kfqf©mcm jsv bfmfp
iVsk rsh.
2. znc²¿ Kfjst zKhf slsr sjfb iajfv [k hf Of Kfjst ˆhQ ifdb hAhrfsv kf
shsV pfWqf hf nc²¿ rsk dhtì rWqfv zfwËf rst.
rpvk ufshv hstb, ˆjlf zfmvf sjfb nIsv shv rtfm. zfmfslv msLA ˆj
hAdÙÁv mfKfq ifKsvv zfOfk stso [k rsqdYt. ˆviv kfv öi´slfNW rt. sn
nÌDslvsj duÎfnf jvt, `zfmfv ubA dj kfqf©mcm ShL msb jv?' njst htt, `kcdm
ifdb hAhrfv jvsk z[m bW. zkˆh skfmfv ubA zfmvf kfqf©mcm ShL msb jdv
bf.' kf wcsb stfjde sofnt jvt ˆhQ ˆv iadkdÛÁqfq sn mfvf sot. zk}iv zfmvf
pJb bhD -ˆv dbje dIsv ˆtfm kJb k]fsj snƒ stfjefv Oebf Jcst httfm. kf
wcsb dkdb htstb, ªWvf Wsj smsv sItt, zfïfr Wslvsj L¶Qn jv¢j! pdl Wvf
ufbk bf, ksh susb sjb sbqdb? zÎkfv WNcL skf iaw´ƒ.«(n}zflf} 325, ƒmf}, lfvf}, dm} 531bQ)
3. ifdb zdkdvÙÁ Efàf rst ˆhQ kfsk Wpc-sofnt jvfsk zncJ rsh hst lxP
zfwËf rst, iv§Â ifdb ovm jvfv ncspfo hf hAh²¿f bf Kfjst kfqf©mcm ShL.
rpvk zfmXv dhb zfn hstb, pfkcn nftfdnt pcÝ JnIsv ˆj wDskv vfsk

zfmfv öi´slfN rt. zfmfv Hq rt sp, pdl sofnt jdv kfrst zfdm L¶Qn rsq pfh.
kfƒ zfdm kfqf©mcm jsv nÌDslvsj dbsq (ƒmfm rsq) Iusvv bfmfp iVtfm. zfmfv
nÌDvf ˆjKf bhD -ˆv dbjse …sïJ jvst dkdb htstb, ªsr zfmXv! kcdm bfifj
zh²¿fq skfmfv nÌDslv ƒmfmdk jsvY?« zfdm sofnt bf jvfv jfvB k]fsj httfm.
zfsvf httfm sp, zfïfr kfzftfv ˆ hfBDW zfdm wcsbdY, dkdb hstb, ªskfmvf
zfk¹rkAf jsvf bf. dbÇyq zfïfr skfmfslv iadk hV lqfwDt.« (jc} 4/29)
ˆjKf wcsb dkdb rfnstb ˆhQ zfv djYcƒ htstb bf. (hc}, n}zflf} 323bQ, zf}, rf}, lfvf}, ƒdr})
4. ifdb hAhrfsv [dk bf rst ˆhQ ifdb dbjehkGD sjfb ufqofq KfjstW kf
zfbsk ufb, mft hf ƒÏkrfdbv zfwËf rst, ifdb hAhrfv jvsk dosq nIsvv
nÌDslv nÌ-YfVf rWqfv Hq rst, h¦lD zh²¿fq Kfjst zKhf (j]csqf ƒkAfdl sKsj)
ifdb skftfv sjfb hAh²¿f bf Kfjst kfqf©mcm jvf ShL. jfvB …ÙÁ zh²¿fÈstf ifdb bf
ifWqfv mkƒ zh²¿f.
5. ifdb jfsY KfjstW kf Wpcv ubA hAhrfv jvst ifb jvf, vfâf jvf ƒkAfdl rsh
bf zfwËf rstW kfqf©mcm ShL. (mcobD, dInc} …lGc 1/61-62)
ddjjssnn kkffqqff©©mmccmm rrsshh??
idhÛ mfde ˆhQ kfv swaBDHcÙÁ njt h²Â (spmb, ifKv, hfdt, j]fjv, dnsm¦e iaHxdk)
äfvf kfqf©mcm wcÝ. LctfpcÙÁ mfde bf ifWqf sost LctfrDb ifKv hf hfdtsk kfqf©mcm
ShL rsh. (Iƒ} 1/218)
kkffqqff©©mmccmm jjvvffvv iiÝÝddkk
wcÝkm rflDn zbcnfsv kfqf©mcm jvfv iÝdk dbm´v™i}-
(dbqk jvfv iv `dhndmïfr' hst) lcƒ rfskv sysef mfdev …iv mfvsk rsh. kfviv
kcst dbsq kfv …iv I]cj dlsq zdkdvÙÁ Lcstfhfdt …dVsq dlsq …Hq rfk äfvf
mcJmàt mfnfr jvsk rsh. ˆviv hfm rfk äfvf Ffb rfk jdç ipG§À ˆhQ swsN Ffb
rfk äfvf hfm rfk jdç ipG§À mfnfr jvsk rsh. (hc}, mc}, dm} 528bQ)
kkffqqff©©mmccmm ddjjssnn bbóó rrqq??
sp sp jfvsB Wpc bó rq, dEj snƒ snƒ jfvsB kfqf©mcmW bó rsq pfq. jfvB
kfqf©mcm rt Wpcv dhj¬i. ˆ YfVf sp zncdhLfv jfvsB kfqf©mcm jvf rsqdYt, snƒ
zncdhLf lCv rsq sostƒ kfqf©mcm bó rsq pfq. spmb ifdb bf ifWqfv jfvsB kfqf©mcm
jvst ifdb ifWqfv nfsK nfsK kfqf©mcm swN rsq pfq. zncsJv jfvsB jvst, zncJ
lCv rsq pfWqfv iv ivƒ zfv kfqf©mcm Kfsj bf. (dInc} …lGc 1/63)

kkffqqff©©mmccssmmvv zzffbbccNNddÌÌjj mmffnnffssqqtt
sJ]fufv iv ifdb bf ifWqf sost zfWqft zsÙÁƒ kfqf©mcm jsv bfmfp iVf …dyk.
swN zÙÁ ipG§À ifdbv zsi[f jvf hf ifdb sJ]fuf uv¢vD bq. zfWqft zsÙÁ bfmfp
isV swN zsÙÁ ifdb ifWqf sostW bfmfp icbvfq iVsk rsh bf. (dn}n} 6/265-268)
ifdb sJ]fufJ]cdu bf jsvƒ kfqf©mcm jsv bfmfp iVst ˆhQ ifdb kfv zfsw-ifsw
mucl Kfjst bfmfp hfdkt oBA rsh. (Iƒ} 1/220)
rpvk zfhC nf„l JclvD hstb, lcƒ hAdÙÁ nIsv shv rt. bfmfspv nmq rst
kfslv dbje ifdb bf Kfjfv jfvsB kfqf©mcm jsv …Hsqƒ bfmfp isV dbt. zk}iv
WqfÙÁ swN rWqfv iCshGƒ kfvf ifdb sisq sot. Wslv msLA ˆjub ifdb äfvf Wpc jsv
icbvfq ‰ bfmfp dIdvsq iVt. dj§Â ziv ub iVt bf. kfviv kfvf zfïfrv vnCt
ˆv dbje ˆst Oebf Jcst htt. dkdb sp bfmfp dIdvsq isVdb kfv …sÜswA
htstb, ªskfmfv zfmt ncâfrv zbcnfvD rsqsY ˆhQ skfmfv bfmfpW psKó (wcÝ) rsq
sosY.« zfv sp Wpc jsv bfmfp dIdvsq isVdYt, kfv …sÜswA dkdb htstb, ªskfmfv
ubA Fht nWqfh.« (zflf}, bf}, lf}, dm} 533bQ)
iajfw sp, ncâfr ufbfv iv Fht jsv bfmfp ShL bq. (mcm} 1/344)
i[f§Àsv sp hAdÙÁ bfmfp iVf zh²¿fq ifdb sisq pfq, kfsj bfmfp sYsV dlsq Wpc
jsv icbvfq bfmfp iVsk rsh. (dInc} …lGc 1/63, mcm} 1/343)
Wpc W sofnstv iv sp jfu jvf ShL, kfqf©mcsmv ivW snƒ jfu jvf ShL rq.
spsrkc kfqf©mcm Wpc-sofnstv idvhkG. (‰)
ifdb hf mfde djYc bf ifWqf sost dhbf Wpc W kfqf©mcsmƒ bfmfp iVsk rsh. (hc}
336bQ)
Osv KfjstW sJ]fufJ]cduv iv ifdb bf ifWqf sost ˆhQ bfmfspv nmq zdkhfdrk
rWqfv zfwËf rst kfqf©mcm jsv bfmfp iVsk rsh. (hc}, Ihf} 1/525-526)
i[f§Àsv ifdb mucl Kfjst bfmfspv WqfÙÁX yst pfWqfv zfwËf rstW Wpc-sofnt
jsv bfmfp iVsk rsh. ‰ nmq kfqf©mcm jsv bfmfp rsh bf. (‰ 1/212)
ˆjƒ kfqf©mcsm jsqj zsÙÁv bfmfp iVf dnÝ. (mcm} 1/340) dnÝ bf rWqfv hAfifsv
zfnfvÈstf wcÝ bq.
ddmmnnWWqqffjj ((ll]]ffkkbb)) jjvvffvv ÈÈvv¢¢kk¶¶
diaq bhD hstb, ªzfdm …©mskv ubA jójv bf ufbst ˆwfv bfmfpsj slvD jsv
iVsk ˆhQ iaskAj bfmfspv nmq l]fkb jvsk zfslw dlkfm.« (hc}, mc}, dm} 376bQ)
dkdb zfsvf hstb, ªzfdm zfmfv …©mskv is[ jójv bf ufbst (iaskAj) Wpcv

nfsK l]fkb jvf Ivp jvkfm ˆhQ ˆwfv bfmfp zsLGj vfk ipG§À slvD jsv iVkfm.«
(rf}, hf}, n}uf} 5319 bQ)
kfƒ nfrfhD pfsql dhb Jfstl ucrfbD mndusl bfmfp iVsk rfduv rskb, zfv
k]fv l]fkbsj jtsmv mk k]fv jfsb È]su vfJskb. bfmfsp l]fVfhfv nmq dkdb l]fkb
jsv icbvfq jfsb È]su dbskb. (zflf}, dk}, dm} 390 bQ)
mcndtsmv iajxdkok jmGnmCsrv ˆjde rt, dmnWqfj jsv mcJ nfI jvf. (mc}, dm}
379bQ)
dhswN jsv ucmzfv dlb sofnt W l]fkb jvf ˆhQ zfkv hAhrfv jvf jkGhA. (zf},
hc}, mc}, zflf}, n}uf} 4178 bQ)
mrfbhD hstb, ªduhvDt (zf}) zfmfsj (ˆk shwD) l]fkb jvsk zfslw
jsvsYb, pfsk zfdm zfmfv l]fk Usv pfWqfv zfwËf jvdY.« (dnn} 1556 bQ) zbA ˆj
hBGbfq dkdb hstb, ª---ˆsk zfmfv Hq rq sp, l]fkb jvf zfmfv …iv Ivp jsv
slWqf rsh.« (n}uf} 1376 bQ)
hfdVsk iashw jvf mfÛ dkdb iaKm sp jfu jvskb, kf rt l]fkb. (mc}, dm} 377bQ)
kfrfÏcl iVsk …Estƒ dkdb l]fkb jsv l]fk mfuskb. (hc}, mc}, dm} 378bQ) zfhfv
vfsÛv zbAfbA nmsqW pJb suso …Eskb, kJb dmnWqfj jvskb. (n}uf} 4853 bQ)
zfv ˆƒ ubAƒ vfsÛ swfhfv nmq dwKfsb l]fkb svsJ dbskb. (‰ 4872 bQ)
dkdb hstb, ªl]fkb jvfq vsqsY mcsJv idhÛkf ˆhQ iadkiftj zfïfrv n§Âdó.
(zf}, lf}, bf}, ƒJc}, ƒdr}, hc} (dhbf nbsl), dm} 381bQ)
ˆjlf rpvk zftD l]fkb zfbsk zfslw jsv htstb, zfïfrv vnCt
hstsYb, ªhf¦lf pJb bfmfp iVsk l×fqmfb rq kJb dIdvwXkf kfv diYsb l×fqmfb
rsq kfv dj¶vfzfk wcbsk Kfsjb. dIdvwXkf kfv dbjehkDG rb; (zKhf hBGbfjfvD
zbcv™i djYc htstb.) idvswsN dkdb dbu mcJ kfv (hf¦lfv) mcsJ dmdtsq slb! Ist
kfv mcJ rsk jcvzfsbv specjcƒ zQw shv rq snecjc zQwƒ dIdvwXkfv sise iashw
jsv pfq. nckvfQ jcvzfsbv ubA skfmvf skfmfslv mcJsj idhÛ jv.« (hfpXpfv, nkf}210bQ)
dkdb hstb, ªdmnWqfj jsv skfmvf skfmfslv mcJsj idhÛ jv. jfvB, mcJ rt
jcvzfsbv iK.« (hfp}, dnn} 1213 bQ)
rpvk zfsqwf (vf}) hstb, `bhD dmnWqfj jsv zfmfsj kf Lcsk dlskb. dj§Â
sLfqfv zfso zfdm dmnWqfj jsv dbkfm. kfviv kf Lcsq k]fsj dlkfm.' (zflf}, dm} 384bQ)
k]fv dbje dmnWqfsjv ˆk Èv¢k¶ dYt sp, dksvfLfsbv iChG mcrCskGW dkdb rpvk
zfsqwfv l]fsk dydhsq bvm jsv dbsu l]fkb jsvsYb. (hc}, dm} 5959 bQ)
dkdb zfvfj (diïc) ofsYv (Fft hf dwjsVv) l]fkb jvskb. (zf}, ƒo} 1/104)
zfÌct äfvf l]fk mfuf pfq. ksh ˆef ncâk dj bf hf ˆskW ‰ nWqfh zuGb rsh dj
bf, sn hAfifsv sjfb nrDr rflDn dmst bf. rfsIp ƒhsb rfufv (v}) kftJDsn (1/70)

ˆ n©isjG jsqjde rflDn …sïJ jvfv iv hstb, `ˆÈdtv sysq mcnbfsl zfrmfsl
zftD sKsj hdBGk rflDnde zdLjkv nrDr.' dj§Â sn rflDndevW nbl pqDI.
(mcnbfsl zfrmfl, kfrj¶Dj¶ zfrmfl wfsjv 1355 bQ)
bbffmmffppDDvv sstthhffnn
zfïfr kfzftf hstb,
ªsr mfbh ufdk! skfmfslv tÏf²¿fb Tfjfv W shwHCNfv ubA zfdm skfmfslvsj
sthfn dlsqdY. iv§Â `kfjWqf'v sthfnƒ nshGf{jxó. (jc} 7/26)
ªsr zflm n§ÀfboB! iaskAj bfmfspv nmq skfmvf nc¦lv idv¤Yl idvLfb jv.
ifbfrfv jv, dj§Â ziyq jsvf bf. dkdb zihAqDslv iY¦l jsvb bf.« (jc} 7/31)
wvDqskv nHA-lxdósk nfLfvBHfsh sthfsnv jkjÈdt wkG W zflh vsqsY; pf
iftb jvsk mcndtm hfLA.
mdrtfslv sthfsnv wkGfhtD dbm´v™i}-
1. sthfn spb slsrv nhGfÌsj sTsj vfsJ. slsrv sjfb zÌ hf snZ¦lpG spb sjfb
shofbf (pfv nfsK sjfbW nmsq dhhfr ShL ˆmb) icv¢sNv nfmsb iajfw bf ifq. sjb bf
mrfbhD hstb, ªsmsq mfbcsNv nhefƒ tÏf²¿fb (sofibDq). zfv sn pJb shv rq,
kJb wqkfb kfsj icv¢sNv lxdósk idvswfdHkf jsv skfst.« (dk}, dm} 3109 bQ)
mrfb zfïfr hstb, ªsr bhD! kcdm skfmfv ik´DoBsj, jbAfoBsj ˆhQ mcdmbslv
²ÃDoBsj hst lfW, kfvf spb kfslv yflsvv djqlQw dbsuslv (syrfvfv) …iv sesb
sbq---.« (jc} 33/59)
rpvk …s©m nftfmfr (vf}) hstb, `…ÙÁ zfqfk zhkDBG rst (mlDbfv) zfbnfvslv
mdrtfvf pJb shv rt, kJb kfslv mfKfq (jfstf) yflv (hf smfef …Vbf) slsJ msb
rd¤Yt spb Wslv mfKfq jfstf jfsjv U]fj hsn zfsY!' (zflf} 4101 bQ)
zfïfr kfzftfv zfslw, mcdmb smsqvf spb kfslv OfV W hcjsj mfKfv jfiV äfvf
sTsj sbq---. (jc} 24/31)
rpvk zfsqwf (vf}) hstb, `iCshGv mcrfduv mdrtfslv iadk zfïfr vrm jsvb. …ÙÁ
zfqfk zhkDBG rst kfvf kfslv idvsLq jfiVnmCsrv msLA nhsysq smfef jfiVdesj
sIsV mfKfv …Vbf hfdbsq mfKf (OfV-otf-hcj) sTsjdYt.' (zflf} 4102)
nfrfhfslv mdrtfoB pJb isK ytskb, kJb k]fslv dbm´fsÌv jfisVv swN iaf§À
mfdev …iv sY]yXsV spk. bfifj ufqofsk ytfv nmsqW kfslv sj…ƒ ifsqv ifkf shv
jvskb bf. (dm} 504, 512, 4335 bQ)
nckvfQ mfKf W ifsqv mLAhkDG sjfb zÌ sp iajfw jvfƒ pfsh bf, kf zbcsmq.
2. sp sthfn mdrtf idvLfb jvsh snefƒ spb (shofbf icv¢sNv nfmsb) snZ¦lpGmq W

lxdó-zfjNGD bf rq. spsrkc mrfb zfïfr hstb, ªnfLfvBk} pf iajfw rsq Kfsj kf
YfVf kfvf spb kfslv zbAfbA snZ¦lpG iajfw bf jsv.« (jc} 24/31)
3. sthfn spb ˆmb ifktf bf rq, pfsk jfisVv …iv sKsjW dHksvv yfmVf busv
zfsn. bsy{ Tfjf KfjstW sJftfv ipGfqHcÙÁ. ˆ hAfifsv ˆj rflDsn zfïfrv vnCt
rpvk zfnmf (vf})sj nkjG jsvdYstb. (zflf}, dm} 4372 bQ)
ˆjlf rfInf dhs§À zfècv vrmfb ifktf WVbf isv rpvk zfsqwf (vf}) ˆv dbje
sost dkdb kfv …Vbfsj dY]sV sIst dlstb ˆhQ kfsj ˆjde smfef WVbf ivsk
dlstb. (mf}, dm} 4375 bQ)
mrfbhD hstb, ªlcƒ swaBDv mfbcN slfpJhfnD; pfslvsj zfdm (ˆJsbf) sldJdb. ---
(ˆslv msLA däkDq swaBDv mfbcN snƒ) mdrtflt, pfvf jfiV isvW …tÌ Kfjsh, ziv
icv¢Nsj dbsuv dlsj zfjxó jvsh ˆhQ dbsuW kfv dlsj zfjxó rsh, pfslv mfKf
(ycstv sJ]fif) drst Kfjf …sev j]csuv mk rsh. kfvf shsrsñ iashw jvsh bf. zfv
kfv ncoáW ifsh bf; zKy kfv ncoá ˆk ˆk lCvhkGD ²¿fb sKsjW ifWqf pfsh.« (zf},
mc}, n}uf} 3799 bQ)
4. sifwfj spb ˆmb z]fe-n]fe (efƒeXdIe) bf rq, pfsk slsrv …]yc-dbyc hAÙÁ rq.
jfvB ˆmb TfjfW sJftfv ipGfqHcÙÁ ˆhQ lxdó-zfjNGD.
5. spb ncodák bf rq. mrfbhD hstb, ªsn¦eX dhtfhfv …sÜswA sjfb mdrtf pdl
kf hAhrfv jsv icv¢Nslv nfmsb pfq, ksh sn shwAf smsq.« (zflf}, dk}, dm} 1065 bQ)
sn¦eX hAhrfv jsv mdrtf mnduslW spsk ifsv bf. ˆjlf yfwXskv nmq zfhC ùvfƒvf
mndul sKsj shv rstb. slJstb, ˆjde mdrtf mndul iashsw …lAk. kfv slr
hf sthfn sKsj …{jxó ncodáv nchfn YVfd¤Yt. zfhC ùvfƒvf mdrtfdev …sÜsw
htstb, `zftfƒdjnX nftfm.' mdrtfde nftfsmv …Ùv dlt. dkdb kfsj iaw´ jvstb,
`sjfKfq pfsh kcdm?' sn htt, `mndusl.' htstb, `dj ubA ˆmb nc¦lv ncodá smsJY
kcdm?' htt, `mnduslv ubA.' htstb, `zfïfrv jnm?' htt, `zfïfrv jnm.'
icbvfq htstb, `zfïfrv jnm?' htt, `zfïfrv jnm.' kJb dkdb htstb, `ksh
swfb, zfmfsj zfmfv diaqkm zfhct jfsnm hstsYb sp, ªsnƒ mdrtfv sjfb bfmfp
jhct rq bf, sp kfv öfmD YfVf zbA jfsvfv ubA ncodá hAhrfv jsv; pk[B bf sn
bfifjDv sofnt jvfv mk sofnt jsv sbq.« zkˆh kcdm dIsv pfW, sofnt jsv
ncodá Lcsq sIt. kfviv dIsv ˆsn bfmfp isVf.' (zflf}, bf}, ƒmf}, hf}, dnn} 1031 bQ)
6. sthfn spb sjfb jfsIv mdrtfv zbcjxk bf rq. diaq bhD hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ sp
ufdkv nflxwA zhtìb (sthfsn-sifwfsj, yft-ytsb zbcjvB) jvsh sn kfslvƒ
ltHcÙÁ.« (zflf}, dm} 4347 bQ)
7. kf spb icv¢Nslv sthfsnv zbcv™i bf rq. mrfbhD snƒ bfvDslvsj zdHwfi
dlsqsYb, pfvf icv¢Nslv shw LfvB jsv ˆhQ snƒ icv¢NslvsjW zdHwfi dlsqsYb,

pfvf bfvDslv shw LfvB jsv.« (zflf} 4097, ƒmf} 1904 bQ)
dkdb snƒ icv¢Nsj zdHwfi dlsqsYb, sp mdrtfv mk sthfn isv ˆhQ snƒ
mdrtfsjW zdHwfi dlsqsYb, sp icv¢sNv mk sthfn isv. (zflf} 4098, ƒmf} 1903 bQ)
8. sthfn spb u]fjumjiCBG iadndÝubj bf rq. jfvB, dhvt Lvsbv sthfn ivst
nfLfvBk} idvLfbjfvDv msb ohG nxdó rq ˆhQ lwGsjv lxdó zfjNGB jsv. kfƒ mrfbhD
hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ lcdbqfsk iadndÝubj sthfn ivsh, zfïfr kfsj djqfmsk
tfÒbfv sthfn ivfshb.« (zf}, zflf}, ƒmf}, dm} 4346 bQ)
ªsp hAdÙÁ u]fjumjiCBG sthfn ivsh, zfïfr kfsj djqfmsk zbcv™i sthfn idvsq
kf zdo´lÊ jvshb.« (zflf}, hf}, n}uf} 6526 bQ)
zfv icv¢Nslv sthfsnv wkGfhtD dbm´v™i}-
1. sthfn spb bfdH sKsj r]fec ipG§À zQw zhwAƒ zfhxk vfsJ. spsrkc ‰ecjc zÌ
icv¢sNv tÏf²¿fb. (n}uf} 5583 bQ)
2. ˆmb ifktf bf rq, pfsk dHksvv yfmVf busv zfsn.
3. ˆmb zf]e-nfe bf rq, pfsk slsrv …]yc-dbyc hAÙÁ rq.
4. jfsIvslv sthfsnv zbcjxk bf rq.
5. mdrtfslv sthfsnv zbcv™i bf rq.
6. u]fjumjiCBG iadndÝubj bf rq.
7. ofP rtcl hf ufIvfbD vsMv spb bf rq. zfmXv dhb zfn hstb, zfïfrv vnCt
ˆjlf zfmfv ofsq lc'de ufIvfbD vsMv jfiV slsJ htstb, ªˆÈstf jfsIvslv
jfiV. nckvfQ kcdm kf isvf bf.« (mc}, dm} 4327 bQ)
8. sthfn spb svwmD jfisVv bf rq. mrfbhD hstb, ªsnfbf W svwm zfmfv
…©mskv mdrtfslv ubA rftft ˆhQ icv¢Nslv ubA rfvfm jvf rsqsY.« (dk}, bf}, dm}
4341 bQ) ªlcdbqfq svwm-h²Â kfvfƒ ivsh, pfslv ivjfst sjfb zQw sbƒ.« (hc}, mc},
dm} 4320 bQ)
rpvk …mfv hstb, vnCt svwsmv jfiV ivsk dbsNL jsvsYb. ksh lcƒ,
dkb zKhf yfv zfÌct idvmfB (zbA jfisVv nsÌ ucsV) hAhrfv jvsk zbcmdk
dlsqsYb. (mc}, dm} 4324 bQ) klbcv™i sjfb ymGsvfo iaHxdksk …ijfvD rst kf hAhrfsv
zbcmdk zfsY. (hc}, mc}, dm} 4326 bQ)
9. idvdrk sthfn (ifqufmf, iAf¦eX, tcdÌ jfmDn iaHxdk) spb ifsqv o]fsev dbsy bf
pfq. mrfbhD hstb, ªo]fsev dbsyv zQw tcdÌ ufrfâfsm.« (hc}, dm} 4314 bQ)
ªmc'dmsbv tcdÌ ifsqv zsLGj vtf ipG§À. ˆƒ (zsLGj vtf) sKsj o]fe ipG§À zQswv sp
sjfbW ufqofq rst [dk sbƒ. dj§Â ˆv dbsyv zQw slfpsJ pfsh.« ˆv™i 3 hfv hst
dkdb icbvfq htstb, ªzfv djqfmskv dlb zfïfr snƒ hAdÙÁv iadk kfdjsqW slJshb

bf, sp zrQjfsvv nfsK dbsuv tcdÌ(o]fsev dbsy) sY]yXsV dbsq shVfq.«(zflf},ƒmf},dm} 4331)
zfïfrv vnCt ˆv nhsysq shwD iY¦lbDq sthfn dYt jfmDn (Ict-rfkf iafq
o]fsev …iv ipG§À tìf ufmf dhswN). (zflf}, dk}, dm} 4328 bQ) spmb dkdb syj-jfef
yflv ivsk Hfstfhfnskb. (hc}, mc}, dm} 4304 bQ)
dkdb mfKfq hAhrfv jvskb ifoVD. (dk}, n}uf} 4676 bQ) dkdb jfstf vsMv ifoVDW
h]fLskb. (zflf}, 4077, ƒmf} 3584 bQ)
zfïfrv vnCt W nfrfhf kKf ntIslv pcso eciDW iaydtk dYt. (hc}, Ihf} 1/587,
3/86, mc} 925, zflf} 691 bQ)
spmb sn pcso swstfqfv hf ifqufmfW idvdyk dYt. mrfbhD W ifqufmf Jdvl
jsvdYstb. (ƒmf} 2220, 2221 bQ) dkdb ƒrvfm h]fLf zh²¿fq rfuDslvsj ifqufmf
ivsk dbsNL jsvsYb. (hc}, mc}, dm} 2678 bQ) zhwA tcdÌ bf ifWqf sost ifqufmf ivsk
zbcmdk dlsqsYb. (‰ 2679 bQ)
ƒhsb zfêfn pJb tcdÌ ivskb, kJb tcdÌv nfmsbv dlsjv dbsyv zQw ifsqv
ifkfv …iv Ucdtsq dlskb ˆhQ siYb dljef (o]fsev) …isv kcst dbskb. ˆv™i ivfv
jfvB duÎfnf jvf rst dkdb htstb, `zfdm zfïfrv vnCt sj ˆv™i ivsk
slsJdY.' (zflf}, dm} 4370 bQ)
k]fv dbje sifwfsjv nhsysq iY¦lbDq vM dYt nflf. dkdb hstb, ªskfmvf nflf
jfiV idvLfb jv. jfvB nflf vsMv jfiV shwD idhÛ Kfsj. zfv ‰ vsMv jfisVƒ
skfmfslv mfƒsqAksj jfIbfW.« (zf}, dk}, bf}, ƒmf}, dm} 4337 bQ)
ˆ YfVf nhcu vsMv jfiVW dkdb hAhrfv jvskb. (zflf} 4065 bQ) ˆhQ tft
vsMvW sthfn idvLfb jvskb. (zflf} 4072, ƒmf} 3599, 3600 bQ)
mcrfsÜn zfthfbD rfsIpfùïfr hstb, `tft vsMv jfiV hAhrfv dbdNÝ rWqfv
hAfifsv sjfb rflDn nrDr bq.' (dmwjfskv eDjf 2/1247)
sthfsn-sifwfsj nflf-dnsL Kfjf „mfsbv idvyfqj. (zflf}, dm} 4345 bQ) mrfbhD
hstb, ªnfmKGA Kfjf nsÙ¶W sp hAdÙÁ dhbq nrjfsv snZ¦lpGmq jfiV ivf kAfo jvsh,
zfïfr kfzftf kfsj djqfmsk nxdóv nfmsb sFsj ˆJdkqfv slshb; „mfsbv sthfsnv
msLA kfv spef ƒ¤Yf snefƒ ivsk ifvsh. (dk}, rf}, n}uf} 6145 bQ)
ksh nc¦lv sthfn ivf sp dbdNÝ kf bq. jfvB, ªzfïfr nc¦lv. dkdb snZ¦lpG iY¦l
jsvb. hf¦lfsj dkdb sp sbqfmk lfb jsvsYb kfv dyrÁ (kfv slsr) slJsk iY¦l
jsvb. zfv dkdb lfdvû W (stfjys[) ldvû nfufsj OxBf jsvb.« (hf}, n}uf} 1742 bQ)
diaq vnCt hstb, ªpfv z§Àsv zBc idvmfBW zrQjfv Kfjsh, sn ufâfk iashw
jvsh bf.« htf rt, `stfsj skf yfq sp, kfv sifwfjef nc¦lv srfj, kfv ucskfef
nc¦lv srfj. (kfrst snefW dj ‰ ipGfsq iVsh?)' dkdb htstb, ªzfïfr nc¦lv. dkdb
snZ¦lpG iY¦l jsvb. zrQjfv skf `rj' (bAfq W nkA) iakAfJAfb jvf ˆhQ mfbcNsj

OxBf jvfv bfm.« (mc}, n}uf} 7674 bQ)
dkdb zfsvf hstb, ª…Ùm zflwG, …Ùm shwHCNf ˆhQ dmkfyfdvkf bhcWskv 25
zQswv zbAkm zQw.« (zf}, zflf}, n}uf} 1993 bQ)
zfïfrv vnCt ˆj hAdÙÁv mfKfq zftcKftc yct slsJ htstb, ªˆv dj ˆmb djYcW
sbƒ, pfv äfvf mfKfv ˆstfsmstf yctÈstfsj snfuf jsv (z]fyXsV) sbq?!« zfv ˆj
hAdÙÁv ivsb mqtf jfiV slsJ htstb, ªˆv dj ˆmb djYcW sbƒ, pfv äfvf mqtf
jfiVsj idv°jfv jsv sbq?!« (zflf}, bf}, zf}, dm} 4351 bQ)
zfhct zfrWqfn hstb, ˆjlf zfdm zfïfrv vnCt ˆv dbje ˆtfm. zfmfv ivsb
dYt sbrfkƒ dbm´mfsbv jfiV. dkdb kf slsJ zfmfsj htstb, ªskfmfv dj mft-Lb
zfsY?« zfdm httfm, `uD r]Af.' htstb, ªsjfbX swaBDv mft zfsY?« zfdm httfm,
`njt swaBDvƒ mft zfmfv dbje mucl. zfïfr zfmfsj …e, ov¢, Yfot, sH]Vf, sOfVf
W ÛÁDklfn lfb jsvsYb.' dkdb htstb, ªzfïfr pJb skfmfsj ˆk mft lfb
jsvsYb, kJb zfïfrv slWqf sbqfmk W zbcoar skfmfv shw-HCNfq iajfw ifWqf
…dyk.« (zf}, bf}, dm} 4352 bQ)
dkdb hstb, ªpf ƒ¤Yf kfƒ JfW ˆhQ spmb ƒ¤Yf skmdbƒ iv, ksh kfsk spb lc'de
dudbn bf Kfsj; ziyq W zrQjfv.« (hc}, dm} 4380 bQ)
bfmfspv dHksv dhswN sthfn
ˆjefƒ jfisV icv¢sNv bfmfp wcÝ, ksh kfsk j]fL Tfjsk rsh. (hc}, mc}, dm} 754-756
bQ) zfv sJqft vfJsk rsh, spb wvmofr iajfw bf sisq pfq. (‰ dm} 4315 bQ)
kWqfsI jclCm (rÏ W …mvfq nhGiaKm kWqfI) YfVf zbA nmq ƒrvfm zh²¿fq Ffb
j]fL shv jsv vfJf dhsLq bq. htf hfùtA bfmfspv nmq …Hq j]fL Tfjf uv¢vD.
ˆj hAdÙÁ rpvk …mfv sj ˆj jfisV bfmfp iVfv hAfifsv duÎfnf jvf rst
dkdb htstb, `zfïfr zfdLjA lfb jvst skfmvfW zdLj hAhrfv jv.' zKGf{ shwD
jfiV Kfjst shwD hAhrfv jvfƒ …Ùm. (hc} 365 bQ)
lvhfv zfïfrv. dkdb snZ¦lpG iY¦l jsvb. kfƒ bfmfpDv …dyk, pKfnfLA snZ¦lpG
zhtìb jsv k]fv lvhfsv rfduv rWqf. mrfbhD hstb, ªskfmfslv sj… pJb
bfmfp isV, kJb kfsj lc'de jfiV ivf …dyk. jfvB, zfïfr zdLjkm rjlfv sp,
k]fv ubA nfunÏf oarB jvf rsh.« (n}uf} 652 bQ)
i[f§Àsv bfmfspv ubA ˆmb bjXwflfv jfiV rWqf …dyk bq, pfsk bfmfpDv mb hf
ˆjfoakf ycdv jsv sbq. ˆjlf mrfbhD bjXwflfv sjfb jfisV bfmfp iVfv iv
htstb, ªˆde sIv{ dlsq `zfìfufbD' (bjXwfdhrDb) jfiV dbsq ˆn. jfvB, ˆde
zfmfsj zfmfv bfmfp sKsj …lfn jsv sIstdYt.« (hc}, mc}, dm} 757 bQ)

bfmfpDv bfmfspv ˆmb sthfn rWqf …dyk bq, pfsk sjfb (dhyvBwDt) iafBDv Ydh
Kfsj. jfvB, ˆskW bfmfpDv msbfspfo dYdbsq sbq. rpvk zfsqwf (vf}) ˆv js[v
ˆj iafs§À ˆjde YdhpcÙÁ vdMb ilGf efÌfsbf dYt. ˆjlf mrfbhD htstb, ªskfmfv
ˆƒ ilGf zfmfslv dbje sKsj ndvsq bfW. jfvB, Wv YdhÈstf zfmfv bfmfsp dhO´ nxdó
jvsY.« (hc} 374 bQ)
dkdb hstb, ªsp Osv jcjcv zKhf Ydh (hf mCdkG) Kfsj, sn Osv dIdvñf iashw jsvb
bf.« (ƒmf}, zf}, dk}, ƒdr}, n}uf} 1961, 1963 bQ)
zkˆh bfmfspv hfƒsvW ˆ Lvsbv YdhpcÙÁ sthfn mcndtsmv ubA ShL bq. jfvB,
ƒntfm Ydh W mCdkGv sOfv dhsvfLD.
sp jfisV zmcndtmslv sjfb LmGDq iakDj (spmb ÛÁcw, w£J iaHxdk) Kfsj, sn jfiV
(W ztËfv) hAhrfv ShL bq. mf zfsqwf (vf}) hstb, `bhD hfdVsk sjfb dudbsn
ÛcÁw slJstƒ kf sjse sItskb.' (zf}, zflf} 4151 bQ)
ucskf idhÛ rst, kf ifsq svsJƒ bfmfp iVf ShL. mrfbhD hstb, ªskfmvf
ƒqfùlDslv dhivDk jv. (ˆhQ ucskf W smfuf ifsq bfmfp iV.) jfvB, Wvf Wslv
ucskf W smfuf ifsq svsJ bfmfp isV bf.« (zflf}, dm} 765bQ)
zfïfrv vnCt dbsNL jsvsYb, spb sj… hfm rfsk bf Jfq, sj… spb ˆj ifsq
ucskf svsJ bf yst, sj… spb ˆmbHfsh ˆjde mfÛ jfiV äfvf dbsusj udVsq bf sbq,
pfsk kfv rfk shv jvfv iK Kfsj bf ˆhQ sj… spb ˆjefƒ jfiV isv, ifYfv …iv
Hv jsv, ifsqv vtf W rf]ec lc'desj JfVf jsv sise tfdosq, rfk lc'desj ifsq udVsq,
tÏf²¿fb Jcst bf hsn. (mc}, dm} 4315 bQ)
tcdÌv dHksv djYc bf isv Kfjst ˆhQ zbcv™i hnstW tÏf²¿fb iajfw ifWqfv Hq
Kfsj. spmb mdrtfslv wfdV-nfqfskW ‰ ˆjƒ zh²¿f rsk ifsv. zkˆh ‰ nh
jfisV ‰v™i hnf ShL bq.
mrfbhD hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ bfmfsp kfv tcdÌsj zrQjfsvv nfsK o]fsev dbsy Ucdtsq
vfsJ, kfv ˆ jfu rftft bq ˆhQ zfïfrv dbje kfv sjfb n©mfb sbƒ.« (zflf}, n}uf}
6012 bQ)
iajfw sp, o]fsev dbsy jfiV Ucdtsq bfmfp iVst bfmfp jhct rq bf -ˆ hAfifsv
hdBGk rflDnde nrDr bq. (p}zflf} 124, 884 bQ)
bfifjDv ns¦lr bf Kfjst iasqfusb mdrtfslv wft, yflv, hf wfdV ofsq dlsq icv¢Nvf
bfmfp iVsk ifsv.
iasqfusb ˆjƒ jfisVv zsLGjef (‡kcmkD rstW) ²ÃDv ofsq ˆhQ icv¢N kfv
zsLGjef ofsq dlsq bfmfp iVsk ifsv. rpvk zfsqwf (vf}) hstb, `zfïfrv vnCt
vfsÛ bfmfp iVskb. zfdm mfdnj zh²¿fq k]fv ifsw Kfjkfm. zfv zfmfv ˆjde
jfiV zfmfv ofsq ˆhQ djYc k]fv ofsq Kfjk.' (zflf} 370 bQ)

sp jfiV isv Kfjf zh²¿fq smsqslv mfdnj rq, snƒ jfisV mfdnj stso Kfjfv
ns¦lr bf Kfjst idhÛkfv sofnstv iv bf LcsqW ‰ jfisVƒ kfslv bfmfp iVf ShL.
mfdnj tfostW sp ²¿fsb stsosY sjht snƒ ²¿fb Lcsq Jcsbv lfo bf sostW kfskƒ
bfmfp iVf ShL W wcÝ rsh. (zflf} 365bQ)
sjht lcL ifb jsv ˆmb dwwcicÛ pdl jfisV siwfh jsv slq, kfrst kfv …iv
ifdbv dYef smsv ˆhQ bf Lcsq kfskƒ bfmfp rsq pfsh. i[f§Àsv pdl dwwcjbAfv siwfh
rq zKhf lcL YfVf zbA JfhfvW Jfq ˆmb dwwc rq, kfrst kfv siwfh jfiV sKsj
Lcsq sItsk rsh. bsy{ bfmfp rsh bf. (hc}, mc}, dm} 497, 502, zflf} 377-379 bQ)
jfisVv siwfh svfsl wcdjsq sostW kfsk bfmfp rq bf. jfiV sKsj siwfh ifdb
dlsq sLfqf uv¢vD. (Iƒ} 1/198)
sp jfiV isv öfmD-²ÃDv dmtb rq snƒ jfisVW bfmfp wcÝ. zhwA bfifjD tfost hf
tfofv ns¦lr rst bq. (zflf} 366bQ)
efƒe-dIeX iAf¦e W wfeG ˆhQ yc²ÀX ifqufmf W Jfsef ifÓfhD isv bfmfp mjv™r. efƒe
rWqfv jfvsB bfmfsp ˆjfoakf HÌ rq. kfYfVf jfisVv …iv sKsj (dhswN jsv
diYb sKsj) wvmofsrv …]yc-bDyc zQw W zfjfv shfUf pfq. (mh} 15/75)
mdrtfslv sthfsn yct, sie, diE, rfskv jdçv …idv Hfsov zÌ (jbcƒ, hfù
iaHxdk) shv rsq Kfjst bfmfp rq bf. sjht syrfvf W jdç ipG§À rfk shv rsq
Kfjsh. ifsqv ifkfW sTsj sbWqf jkGhA. (mh} 16/138, Iƒ} 1/288, djlf} 94ix})
zhwA nfmsb sjfb shofbf icv¢N Kfjst syrfvfW sTsj dbsk rsh.
Ov zájfv rstW hf ˆjf KfjstW bfmfp iVsk iVsk Tfjf Ivp ˆmb sjfb zÌ
iajfw sisq sost bfmfp hfdkt rsq pfsh. snƒ bfmfp icbvfq dIdvsq iVsk rsh. (Iƒ}
1/285)
diaq bhD hstb, ªsjfb nfhfdtjf smsqv mfKfq yflv YfVf kfv bfmfp jhct rq
bf.« (zflf}, dk}, dm} 762bQ)
icv¢sNv slsrv †L¶GfQswv jfiV (yflv hf ofmYf) nQjDBG rst mfKf Tfjsk dosq spb
sie-diE hfdrv bf rsq pfq. iajfw sp, bfmfsp icv¢sNv ubA mfKf Tfjf uv¢vD bq.
snZ¦lspGv ubA eciD, ifoVD hf mfKfv v¢mft mfKfq hAhrfv jvf …Ùm. zfv ˆ jKf
dhdlk sp, zfïfrv bhD W k]fv nfrfhfoB jJsbf jJsbf ˆj jfisVW bfmfp
isVsYb. kfYfVf jkj ntI nckvfv ubA djYc bf sist mfKfv eciD Jcst nfmsb svsJ
nckvf hfbfskb. (zflf} 691bQ)
iajfw sp, idvwam W smrbskv jfsuv OmGdnÙÁ, jflf hf LcstfmfJf lcoGámq sthfsn
mrfb hflwf zfïfrv lvhfv mndusl zfnf …dyk bq. jfvB, kfsk zfïfrv …id²¿k
dIdvñf kKf mcnïDoB jó ifshb. zfv ˆƒ ubAƒ skf j]fyf di]qfu-vncb sJsq mndusl
zfnsk dbsNL jvf rsqsY.

bbffmmffssppvv zzÙÙÁÁnnmmCCrr
Ivp bfmfp wcÝ rWqfv ubA ˆj wkG rt, kf pKf nmsq zflfq jvf. dbdlGó nmq
YfVf dHâ nmsq bfmfp rq bf. ˆ iansÌ mrfb zfïfr hstb,
ً ً ْ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫ن‬ً ً ْ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫ن‬ً ً ْ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫ن‬ً ً ْ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫ن‬
zKGf{, dbLGfdvk nmsq pKfpKHfsh bfmfp iVf mc'dmbslv jkGhA. (jc} 4/103)
jcvzfb mfuDsl jdkiq zfqfsk bfmfspv 5de zsÙÁv iadk ƒdÌk jvf rsqsY; spmb
zfïfr kfzftf hstb, ªzfv bfmfp jfsqm jv dlsbv lc' iaf§ÀHfso (zKGf{ Iuv W
mfosvshv nmq) W vfskv iaKmfQsw (zKGf{ ˆwfv nmq). (jc} 11/114)
ªnCpG Tst pfWqfv iv rsk vfskv Ob zájfv ipG§À (zKGf{ spfrv, zfnv, mfosvh
W ˆwfv) bfmfp jfsqm jv, zfv jfsqm jv Iusvv bfmfp.« (jc} 17/78)
ªzfv nCspGflsqv iCshG (Iusv) W nCpGfs²Àv iCshG (zfnsv) skfmfv iadkiftsjv
niawQn idhÛkf W mdrmf sOfNBf jv ˆhQ idhÛkf W mdrmf sOfNBf jv vfdÛv djYc
nmsq (ˆwfq) ˆhQ dlsbv iaf§ÀHfoÈdtsk (Iuv, spfrv W mfosvsh), pfsk kcdm n§Âó
rsk ifv.« (jc} 20/130)
i]fy zÙÁsj dbdlGó jvsk zfïfrv kvI rsk öqQ duhvDt (zf}) ˆsn ƒmfm rsq
vnCt sj nsÌ dbsq bfmfp isVb. bhD hstb, ªjf'hfoxsrv dbje duhvDt (zf})
zfmfv lc'hfv ƒmfmdk jsvb; iaKmhfsv dkdb zfmfsj dbsq spfrsvv bfmfp kJb
iVstb, pJb nCpG Tst dosq kfv Yfqf ucskfv dIskv mk (nfmfbA) rsqdYt. zk}iv
dkdb zfmfsj dbsq zfnsvv bfmfp iVstb pJb iaskAj h²Âv Yfqf kfv nmidvmfB
rsqdYt. zk}iv zfmfsj dbsq mfosvshv bfmfp iVstb kJb, pJb svfpflfv ƒIkfv
jsv sIstdYt. (zKGf{ nCpGfs²Àv nfsK nfsK.) zk}iv ˆwfv bfmfp kJb iVstb, pJb
(nCpGfs²Àv iv idÇym zfjfswv z²Àvfo) tft zfHf zlxwA rsq dosqdYt. zfv zfmfsj
dbsq Iusvv bfmfp kJb iVstb, pJb svfpflfsvv ubA ifbfrfv rfvfm rsq dosqdYt.
däkDq dlsb dkdb zfmfsj dbsq spfrsvv bfmfp kJb iVstb pJb iaskAj h²Âv Yfqf
kfv nmidvmfB rsqdYt. zfnsvv bfmfsp zfmfv ƒmfmdk kJb jvstb, pJb iaskAj
h²Âv Yfqf kfv däÈB rsqdYt. zk}iv zfmfsj dbsq mfosvshv bfmfp kJb iVstb,
pJb svfpflfv ƒIkfv jsv sIstdYt. zk}iv vfskv ˆj kxkDqfQw ok rst dkdb
ˆwfv bfmfp iVstb. zfv zfmfsj dbsq Iusvv bfmfp kJb iVstb, pJb (sHfv)
InGf rsq dosqdYt. zk}iv dkdb zfmfv iadk t[A jsv htstb, `sr mcrf©mfl! ˆ rt
zfibfv iCshG njt bhDosBv zÙÁ. zfv ˆƒ lcƒ zsÙÁv mLAhkGD zÙÁƒ rt bfmfspv
zÙÁ.' (zflf}, dk}, dm} 583bQ)

swN zsÙÁ bfmfp pdlW wcÝ, khcW iaKm (zfWqft) zsÙÁ bfmfp iVf rt swaô
zfmt. zfïfrv vnCt sj duÎfnf jvf rt, `sjfb zfmt nhGswaô?' …Ùsv dkdb
htstb, ªzfWqft zsÙÁ bfmfp iVf.« (n}zflf} 452, n}dk} 144, dm} 607bQ)
rpvk zfsqwf (vf}) hstb, `zfïfrv vnCt swN uDhb ipG§À däkDq hfv jJsbf
swN zsÙÁ bfmfp isVb db.' (n}dk} 146, dm} 608bQ)
IIIuuusssvvvvvv nnnmmmqqq
nchsr nfslj …dlk rst Iusvv bfmfspv nmq wcv¢ rq ˆhQ svfpflfsvv ubA
ifbfrfv rfvfm rsq pfq. (nchsr nfslj htf rq snƒ nmqsj, sp nmsq sHfsvv zfHf
iChG zfjfsw …Ùv-ld[sB dh²ÀDBG zh²¿fq slJf pfq.) zfv ˆv swN nmq rt nCspGflsqv
iChG ipG§À.
ksh ˆƒ bfmfp iaKm zsÙÁ `oftfsn' (ˆjec zájfsv jfjsHfsv) iVf …Ùm.
mf zfsqwf (vf}) hstb, `zfïfrv vnCt Iusvv bfmfp iVskb. zk}iv
mdrtfvf kfslv yflv udVsqƒ dbu dbu hfnfq dIsv spk. dj§Â zájfsvv ubA
kfslvsj sybf spk bf.' (hc}, mc}, dm} 598bQ)
zfhC mCnf hstb, `ˆjlf zfïfrv vnCt kJb Iusvv bfmfp iVstb, pJb
sj… kfv ifw¶hkGD nÌDv syrfvf dybsk ifvk bf zKhf kfv ifsw sj vsqsY kf ufbsk
ifvk bf.' (zflf} 395, 398bQ)
zfhC mfn†l zfbnfvD hstb, dkdb (bhD ) ˆjhfv Iusvv bfmfp zájfsv
(Jch sHfsv) iVstb. zk}iv däkDq hfv InGf jsv iVstb. ˆviv k]fv Iusvv
bfmfp zájfsvƒ rk. zfv ƒs§Àjft zhdL sjfb dlb icbhGfv (Iusvv bfmfp) InGf
jsv isVb db.' (zflf} 394bQ)
zfïfrv vnCt hstb, ªskfmvf Iusvv bfmfp InGf jsv iV. jfvB, kfsk nWqfh
zdLj.« (zflf}, dk}, bf}, dm} 614bQ)
ˆƒ rflDsnv hAfJAf ˆƒ sp, `Iuv ±ióv™si iajfw rsk lfW, dbdÇykv™si Iuv
…dlk rWqfv jKf bf susb bfmfspv ubA kfVfùVf jsvf bf.' zKhf `skfmvf Iusvv
bfmfp tìf dj¶vfzfk Lsv InGf jsv iV. ˆsk zdLj nWqfh tfH rsh.' zfv ˆ jKf
dhdlk sp, mrfbhD dbsu ˆƒ bfmfsp (jJsbf jJsbf) 60 sKsj 100 zfqfk ipG§À
ifE jvskb ˆhQ pJb bfmfp swN jvskb, kJb iaskAsj kfv ifswv nfKDsj dybsk
ifvk. (hc} 599bQ)
zKhf `y]flbD vfsk ˆjec InGf rsk lfW. pfsk Iuv rWqf ±ió W dbdÇykv™si hcUf
pfq.' (mcm} 2/114-115)
spsrkc k]fv zfmt mxkcA ipG§À Iusvv bfmfp InGf jsv dYt bf, hvQ ˆ bfmfp ˆjec

zájfv Kfjskƒ wcv¢ jvskb, snsrkc …ÙÁ rflDsnv ˆƒ nh hAfJAf dbÇyqƒ pcdÙÁpcÙÁ.
ssspppfffrrrsssvvvvvv nnnmmmqqq
nCpG idÇym zfjfswv dlsj Tst sostƒ spfrsvv zfWqft zÙÁ wcv¢ rq. zfv iaskAj
h²Âv Yfqf kfv nmidvmfB rst kfv nmq swN rsq pfq.
nCpG mLAsvJfq Kfjst sjfb sJftf ufqofq ˆjde nvt jfdE hf wtfjf snfufHfsh
ofVst pJb kfv Yfqf kfv slsr dbdÇyrÁ rWqfv iv iChG dlsj isV tìf rsk tfosh,
kJbƒ rsh spfrsvv nmq. ˆƒHfsh kfv Yfqf kfv nmidvmfB rst spfrsvv nmq swN
rsq pfsh.
zbAKf nCpG mLAsvJfq bf Kfjst, sjfb softfsLG Kfjfv Ist sp zdkdvÙÁ Yfqf isV, kf
hfl dlsq mfisk rsh. jfdEv Yfqf jmsk jmsk dEj mLAfrÁjfst zfhfv hfVsk wcv¢
rsh. ‰ hfVf zQwde mfist spfrv-zfnsvv nmq dbBGq jvf pfsh.
iaskAj bfmfp kfv iaKm zsÙÁ iVfƒ rt …Ùm. dj§Â oaD®mjfst jdEb ovsmv dlsb
spfrsvv bfmfp ˆjec Efàf hf slvD jsv iVf zfIpt.
zfhC pfvG hstb, ˆjlf zfmvf bhD ˆv nfsK ˆj nIsv dYtfm. spfrsvv nmq
rst mczfpXdpb zfpfb dlsk yfƒt. bhD htstb, ªEfàf jv.« ˆƒv™i dkdb lcƒ
zKhf dkb hfv htstb. kJb zfmvf slJtfm sp, sYfe sYfe ifrfVÈstfv Yfqf sbsm
ˆsnsY. icbvfq bhD htstb ªoaDs®mv ˆƒ iaJv …Ùfi slfpsJv zQw. zkˆh
ovm jdEb rst bfmfp Efàf (slvD) jsv iV.« (hc} 539bQ, mc}, zflf}, dk}) oaD®mjfst
dbsuv Yfqf 3 sKsj 5 jlm rst ˆhQ wDkjfst 5 sKsj 7 jlm rst spfrsvv nmq
dbBGq jvf pfq. (zflf}, bf}, dm} 586bQ) zhwA njt slswƒ ˆ mfi ndEj rsh bf.
zzzfffnnnsssvvvvvv nnnmmmqqq
pJb iaskAj h²Âv Yfqf kfv nmidvmfB rsq pfq, kJb zfnsvv nmq wcv¢ rq. swN
rq dEj nCpGfs²Àv iChGmcrCskG.
mrfbhD hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ nCpG sFfhfv iCshG zfnsvv ˆj vfjzfk sisq sbq, sn
zfnv sisq sbq.« (hc}, mc})
zfnsvv zfWqft zsÙÁƒ bfmfp iVf mrfbhD ˆv zfmt dYt. zfbfn hstb,
`nCpG pJb zfjfswv …¤ykfq ialDå Kfjk, kJb zfïfrv vnCt zfnsvv bfmfp
iVskb. k]fv nfsK bfmfp isV zsbsj mlDbfv ifw¶GhkGD h²ÀDsk (sjfb jfsu hf dbsuv
hfdV dIsv) spk, zfv pJb snJfsb si]ZYk kJbW nCpG (zsi[fjxk) …¤ykfq Kfjk.
iv§Â sjfb sjfb h²ÀD mlDbf sKsj iafq 4 mDt (16 rfufv rfk, iafq 7 djdm) lCsv
zhd²¿k dYt.' (hc}, mc}, dm} 592bQ)

vfsI' dhb JflDu hstb, `zfmvf zfïfrv vnCt ˆv nfsK zfnsvv bfmfp
iVkfm. zk}iv …e brv (pshr) jvf rk, kfviv kfv sofñX lw Hfo jvf rk.
snƒ sofñX nCpG sFfhfv iCshGƒ vfâf jsv sJsk sikfm.' (hc}, mc}, dm} 615bQ)
dhbf Wusv zfnsvv bfmfp swN nmsq slvD jsv iVf mjv™r. mrfbhD hstb,
ªˆef skf mcbfdIsjv bfmfp; sp nCspGv zsi[f jsv pJb kf rtsl rsq wqkfsbv lcƒ
dwsMv mfsU zfsn, kJb sn …sE (jfsjv hf mcvoDv lfbf JfWqfv mk) yfv vfjzfk
EjfEj isV sbq. pfsk sn zfïfrv dpjXv jmƒ jsv Kfsj.« (mc}, zf}, zflf}, dk}, bf}, dm} 593bQ)
zfïfrv vnCt zfsvf hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ zfnsvv bfmfp kAfo jsv sn hAdÙÁv
zfmt ià rsq pfq.« (hcJfvD 553, bfnf„)
zbA ˆj hBGbfq dkdb hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁv zfnsvv bfmfp Ycse sot, kfv spb idvhfv
W Lb-mft tcØb rsq sot.« (mfstj, hcJfvD 552, mcndtm 626 bQ iamcJ)
mmmfffooosssvvvssshhhvvv nnnmmmqqq
nCpG z²À sostƒ mfosvshv nmq rq ˆhQ idÇymfjfsw tft zfHf (z²Àvfo) sjse
sostƒ ˆv nmq swN rsq pfq. (mc})
mfosvshv bfmfpW zfWqft zsÙÁ iVf zfIpt ˆhQ dhbf Wusv slvD jsv iVf
mjv™r. sjbbf, duhvDt (zf}) mrfbhD ˆv ƒmfmdk jfst 2 dlbƒ ˆjƒ nmsq
zfWqft zsÙÁ bfmfp idVsqdYstb- spmb iCshGjfv rflDn rsk zfmvf ufbsk sisvdY.
kfYfVf vfsI' dhb JflDu hstb, `zfmvf bhD ˆv nfsK mfosvshv bfmfp
iVkfm. zk}iv bfmfp snsv pdl zfmfslv sj… kDv mfvk, kfrst sn kfv kDv
iVfv ²¿fbde slJsk sik.' (zKGf{, shwD zájfv rk bf.) (hc}, mc}, dm} 596bQ)
mrfbhD hstb, ªzfmfv …©mskv stfsjvf kk[B ipG§À ƒntfmD dIkvfk
(iajxdkv) …iv Kfjsh, pk[B kfvf kfvjfvfdu (zfjfsw) iajfw rWqfv iCshGƒ
mfosvshv bfmfp isV sbsh.« (zf}, k¶fh}, zflf}, rf}, dm} 609bQ)
ˆˆˆwwwfffvvv nnnmmmqqq
nCpGfs²Àv iv idÇym zfjfw rsk tft zfHf sjse sost ˆwfv nmq …id²¿k rq.
bc'mfb dhb hfwDv ˆv hBGbf zbcpfqD (y]fslv mfsnv) kxkDq vfsk y]fl Fcsh sost
ˆwfv nmq rq. (zflf}, lf}, dm} 613bQ) nCpG sFfhfv iv sKsj OdV Lsv slV O¦ef
zdkhfdrk rst ˆƒ zÙÁ zfsn.
zfv ˆv swN nmq zsLGj vfk ipG§À zhdwó Kfsj. zhwA sjfb Wpv W hfLfv Ist
Iusvv zfso ipG§À ˆwfv bfmfp isV dbst zflfq rsq pfq. spsrkc mrfbhD hstb,
ªsj… Ocdmsq pfWqfv Ist bfmfp bf iVst kf SwdKtA hst oBA rsh bf. zhwA

ufoakfh²¿fq pdl sj… bfmfp bf isV ˆhQ zbA bfmfspv nmq …id²¿k rsq pfq, ksh
kfv SwdKtAƒ LkGhA.« (mc} 681bQ)
…ÙÁ rflDn äfvf iamfdBk rq sp, zfofmD bfmfspv nmq ˆsn …id²¿k bf rWqf ipG§À
hkGmfb bfmfspv nmq zhdwó Kfsj. zhwA Iusvv bfmfspv nmq wvDqk jkGxj
dbLGfdvk. nCpG …lsqv nfsK nfsKƒ kf swN rsq pfq. spfrv ipG§À zhdwó Kfsj bf. (dInc}
…lcG 75ix})
zfWqft zsÙÁ bfmfp zfIpt rstW ˆj kxkDqfQw hf mLAvfsk (swN zsÙÁ) ˆwfv
bfmfp iVf zfIpt. mrfbhD hstb, ªzfmfv …©mskv ubA jónfLA bf ufbst
zfdm ˆwfv bfmfpsj ˆj kxkDqfQw zKhf zLGvfk ipG§À slvD jsv iVsk kfslvsj
zfslw dlkfm.« (zf}, dk}, ƒmf}, dm} 611bQ)
diaq vnCt ˆwfv bfmfpsj ˆj kxkDqfQw vfdÛ ipG§À slvD jsv iVsk iY¦l
jvskb ˆhQ ˆwfv iCshG Ocmfsbf W isv jKfhfkGf htfsj ziY¦l jvskb. (hc} 599, mc},
iamcJ) pfsk ˆwf, kfrfÏcl, dhkv W Iusvv bfmfp pKf nmsq iVf nru rq.
ksh äDb zKhf uv¢vD dhNsq jKfhfkGf htf W ƒtXm yyGf jvf lCNbDq bq. spmb
zfïfrv vnCt zfhC hjv W …mfsvv nfsK ˆwfv iv ubnfLfvsBv Hfstf-m¦l dbsq
jKfhfkGf htskb. (zf}, dk} 169bQ)
bbbfffmmmfffssspppvvv nnnmmmqqq dddbbbdddlllGGGóóóDDDjjjvvvsssBBBvvv iiiÇÇÇyyyfffssskkk dddrrrjjjmmmkkk
mrfb zfïfr mfbcN nxdó jsvsYb ˆhQ kfsj ˆmb iajxdk W iahxdÙ lfb jsvsYb, pfsk
v¢pD zbcnáfsbv mfLAsm kfsj uDhbLfvB jvsk rsh. zfv kfv ubA iasqfub
idvwasmv. idvwam slr-msb j¾fd§À, hA²Àkf W SwdKtA zfsb. Ist idvwasm dYâ rq
zfïfr W hf¦lfv mfsU dhswN spfonCÛ. kfƒ skf pKfnmsq snƒ spfonCÛ -ˆjefbf bq
hvQ mfsU mfsU jfsqm jsv hf¦lfsj zfïfr-mcsJf jsv vfJfv …sÜswA bfmfspv zsÙÁv
ˆƒ dhswN nmqfhtD dbdlGó jvf rsqsY.
i[f§Àsv idvwam W …ifuGsbv ubAW …lAm uv¢vD. dhswN jsv Iusvv nmsq ˆmb
djYc zbcwDtsbv lvjfv, pfv mfsU dbûfv uVkf W zftnA sjse dosq msb ±ICdkG dIsv
zfsn ˆhQ pfv Ist ˆƒ hjGskv nmsq mfbcN dbu dbu jfsu msbfspfoD rsk ifsv.
kfƒ skf Iusvv bfmfspv mfLAsm hf¦lf kfv dbûf zh²¿fq dbvfiÙf tfsHv …iv
zfïfrv wcjdvqf Îfib jsv ˆhQ zfïfrv dbje kWIDj W nfrfpA jfmbfv mLA dlsq
wcv¢ jsv kfv iafkAdrj jmGuDhb.
idvwam W hA²Àkfv mfsU dEj dlb lcicsv mfbcN idvwaf§À rsq isV ˆjec dhvdkv nfsK
dhwafm dbsq Kfsj. ˆƒ dhwafsmv nmq sn kfv dbu jsmGv …iv kWIDj tfsHv wcjdvqf
Îfib jsv zfïfrv dbje. zk}iv zfnsvv nmq …id²¿k rst icbvfq hf¦lf kfv
hfjD dlsbv jmG n©iâ jvfv mfbsn zfïfrv nfrfpA jfmbf jsv. mfosvshv nmq rst

hf¦lf dbu oxsr dIsv jmG n©iflb jvfv jxkÎkf ÎfibiChGj mfosvshv bfmfp isV.
zk}iv nmq zfsn dhwafm W zfvfsmv. ˆƒ nmq hf¦lf iafkAdrj jmG snsv nfvf dlsb
zfïfrv kvI sKsj zhkDBG zbcoasrv …iv wcjXv ufdbsq ˆwfv bfmfp isV. zfv
ˆƒHfsh sn iakAr jmG W ƒhflskv mLA dlsq dbsuv jft pfib jsv Kfsj. sjfb nmq
zfk¹dhn¹xk rsq ifsiv iadk Tst iVst bfmfp kfsj hfLf slq. zfïfrv zfpfh HDNB
jdEb ˆhQ k]fv zbcoar zb§À-znDm -ˆ jKf iakAr i]fi-i]fy hfv hf¦lfsj n¹vB jdvsq
slWqf rq. (mfnfƒ} 91-92ix})
sssppp sssppp nnnmmmsssqqq bbbfffmmmfffppp dddbbbdddNNNÝÝÝ
dlhfvfsÛ i]fyde nmsq bfmfp iVf dbdNÝ; mrfbhD hstb, (1) ªzfnsvv bfmfspv
iv nCpG bf sFfhf ipG§À zfv sjfb bfmfp sbƒ ˆhQ (2) Iusvv bfmfspv iv nCpG bf WEf
ipG§À zfv sjfb bfmfp sbƒ.« (hc}, mc}, dm} 1041 bQ)
…j¶hf dhb zfsmv hstb, zfïfrv vnCt zfmfslvsj dkb nmsq bfmfp iVsk
ˆhQ mclGf lfIb jvsk dbsNL jvskb; (3) dEj nCpG …lq rWqfv iv sKsj ˆjec …]yc bf
rWqf ipG§À, (4) nCpG dEj mfKfv …iv zfnfv iv sKsj ˆjec Tst bf pfWqf ipG§À ˆhQ
(5) nCpG sFfhfv jfYfjfdY rWqf sKsj Fcsh bf pfWqf ipG§À. (mc}, zf}, zflf}, bf}, ƒmf}, dm}
1040 bQ) spsrkc ˆƒ nmqÈdtsk nfLfvBk} jfsIvvf nCspGv iCuf jsv Kfsj kfƒ. (mc},
dm} 1042 bQ)
bfmfp dbdNÝ rWqfv hAfifsv ˆde rt nfLfvB dbslGw. dj§Â zbAfbA rflDn äfvf djYc
nmsq djYc bfmfpsj hAdkÛÁm jvf rsqsY. spmb}-
1111.... Ivp bfmfp hfjD Kfjst kf zflfq jvfv ncspfo rWqf mfÛ sp sjfb nmsq nk¶v
isV sbWqf uv¢vD. mrfbhD hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ nCpG sFfhfv iCshG zfnsvv ˆhQ nCpG
WEfv iCshG Iusvv ˆj vfjzfk bfmfp sisq pfq, sn (pKfnmsq) bfmfp sisq pfq.«
(hc}, mc}, dm} 601bQ)
dkdb zfsvf hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ nCpG sFfhfv iCshG zfnsvv ˆj vfjzfk bfmfp ifq, sn
spb (nCpG Fcsh sostW) kfv hfjD vfjzfk bfmfp n©iâ jsv sbq. zfv sp hAdÙÁ nCpG
WEfv iCshG Iusvv ˆj vfjzfk bfmfp ifq, sn spb (nCpG …sE sostW) kfv hfjD
vfjzfk bfmfp n©iâ jsv sbq.« (hc}, dm} 602bQ)
2222.... zbcv™i sjfb Ivp bfmfp iVsk Hcst dosq Kfjst kf n¹vB rWqf mfÛ nk¶v sp sjfb
nmsq zKhf Ocdmsq dosq Kfjst ufofv iv …sE nk¶v sp sjfb nmsq zflfq jvf uv¢vD.
mrfbhD hstb, ªsj… Ocdmsq sost kf kfv SwdKtA bq. SwdKtA skf ufoak zh²¿fskƒ
rsq Kfsj. nckvfQ pJb sj… sjfb bfmfp iVsk Hcst pfsh zKhf Ocdmsq pfsh, kJb kfv
…dyk, kf n¹vB (hf ufoak) rWqf mfÛ isV sbWqf. jfvB, zfïfr kfzftf hstb,

ªzfmfsj n¹vB jvfv …sÜswA kcdm bfmfp jfsqm jv.« (mc},dm} 604bQ,jc} 20/14)
3333.... dlb-lcicsv mndusl ucmzfr iVsk ˆsn ƒ¤Yfmk bIt bfmfp iVf dhsLq. ˆ
bfmfpW dbsNsLv zfWkfHcÙÁ bq. (dm} 1046bQ)
4444.... Iusvv Ivp bfmfspv iCshG lc' vfjzfk ncâk iVsk nmq bf sist Ivspv iv kf
iVf pfq. zfïfrv vnCt ˆjlf ˆj hAdÙÁsj slJstb Iusvv Ivp bfmfspv iv lc'
vfjXzfk bfmfp iVt. dkdb kfsj htstb, ªIusvv bfmfp skf lc' vfjzfk mfÛ!«
stfjde htt, `zfdm Ivspv iCshG lc' vfjzfk iVsk ifƒ db, ˆJb snef isV dbtfm.'
ˆ jKf wcsb dkdb bDvh Kfjstb. (zKGf{, smZbn©mdk ufbfstb.) (zflf}, dk}, dm} 1044)
5555.... jfvB-nfsi[ pfhkDq bfmfp pKfKG jfvB …id²¿k rWqf mfÛ sp sjfb nmsqƒ iVf
pfq. spmb }-
jjjj---- jf'hf wvDsIv kWqfsIv iv lc' vfjzfk bfmfp. kWqfI swN rWqfv isvƒ sp
sjfb nmsq ‰ bfmfp iVf pfq. mrfbhD hstb, ªsr zfsè mfbfsIv hQwLv!
dlhfvfsÛv sp sjfb nmsq sj… ˆ oxsrv kWqfI jsv bfmfp iVst kfsj skfmvf hfLf
dlW bf.« (zflf}, dk}, bf}, dm} 1045 bQ)
JJJJ---- kfdrqAfkct mfndul (mndul-sntfmD) lc' vfjzfk bfmfp. sp sjfbW nmsq
mndul iashw jsv hnfv ƒ¤Yf jvst hnfv iCshG ˆƒ bfmfp iVsk rq. mrfbhD
hstb, ªskfmfslv sj… mndul iashw jvst sn spb lc' vfjzfk bfmfp iVfv iCshG bf
hsn.« (hc}, mc}, dm} 704bQ)
oooo---- nCpG hf y¦û oarsBv bfmfp. mrfbhD hstb, ªnCpG W y¦û zfïfrv dblwGbnmCsrv
zbAkm. jfsvf u¦m hf mxkcAv jfvsB kfsk oarB tfso bf. nckvfQ oarB tfof slJst
skfmvf zfïfrv dbje lczf jv, kjhDv iV, bfmfp iV ˆhQ nljfr jv.« (hc}, mc}, dm}
1483 bQ)
OOOO---- ufbfpfv bfmfp. zfnv W Iuv bfmfspv ivW ufbfpfv bfmfp iVf pfsh. zhwA
swsNfÙÁ dkb nmsq ˆƒ bfmfp ShL bq. spmb iCshGfÙÁ rflDsn ˆ jKf hdBGk rsqsY.
(zfuf} 130-131ix})
nckvfQ nfLfvB bIt bfmfp …ÙÁ nmqÈdtsk dbdNÝ. ksh zfnsvv iv nCpG rtclhBG
bf rWqf ipG§À dbdNÝ bq. (dnn} 2549 bQ)
zzzÙÙÙÁÁÁ---dddhhhNNNqqqjjj zzzfffsssvvvfff dddjjjYYYccc mmmfffnnnfffsssqqqttt
1. sp hAdÙÁ zÙÁ swN rWqfv iCshG ˆj vfjzfk bfmfp sisq sbsh sn zÙÁ sisq pfsh.
zKGf{, kfv bfmfp pKf nmsq zflfq rsqsY ˆhQ jfpf rq db hst oBA rsh. (hc}, mc}, dm}
601bQ) dhLfq sp hAdÙÁ ˆj vfjzfskv sysq jm bfmfp ifsh, sn nmq ifsh bf; zKGf{
kfv bfmfp pKfnmsq zflfq rsh bf ˆhQ kf jfpf hst oBA rsh. ksh ƒ¤YfjxkHfsh
dhbfgWusv swN nmsq bfmfp iVf ShL bq.

klbcv™i pdl sjfb hAdÙÁ ˆj vfjzfk bfmfp iVfv mk nmsqv iCshGƒ mcntmfb rq
zKhf sjfb mdrtf zbcv™i nmsq mfdnj sKsj idhÛf rq ksh ‰ zsÙÁv bfmfp kfslv
ubA jfpf jvf Wqfsuh.
spmb sjfb hAdÙÁ pdl nCpG WEfv iCshG ˆmb nmsq ƒntfm oarB jsv, sp nmsqv msLA
mfÛ ˆj vfjzfk Iusvv bfmfp iVstƒ nCpG …sE pfsh, kfrst ‰ hAdÙÁv ubA Iusvv
‰ bfmfp Ivp ˆhQ kfsj jfpf iVsk rq. zbcv™i pdl sjfb ifot Îfb dIsv ifq
zKhf sjfb mdrtfv mfdnj há rq, kfrst kfslv ubAW ‰ Iusvv bfmfp Ivp.
dEj kû™iƒ pdl sjfb mdrtf mfosvshv bfmfp bf isV Kfsj ˆhQ ˆkef nmq
zdkhfdrk rWqfv iv kfv mfdnj wcv¢ rsq pfq, pfv msLA ˆj vfjzfk bfmfp iVf
spk, kfrst ‰ mdrtfv ubA ‰ mfosvshv bfmfp Ivp. mfdnj sKsj ifj rWqfv isv
kfsj ‰ bfmfp jfpf iVsk rsh. (vfdI} 23-24ix})
2222.... ˆwfv bfmfp zLGvfdÛ ipG§À slvD jsv iVf zfIpt rstW zfWqft zsÙÁ ufmfzfk
rst ufmfzfskv nfsK zfWqft zsÙÁƒ iVf zfIpt. jfvB, ufmfzfsk bfmfp iVf
Wqfsuh.
3333.... Iusvv zfpfb rst 2 vfjzfk ncâfsk vfskhfr YfVf Ivp ipG§À zfv zbA sjfb
bfmfp sbƒ. mrfbhD hstb, ªskfmfslv msLA …id²¿k hAdÙÁ zbcid²¿k hAdÙÁsj spb
si]ZsY slq sp, Iusvv (zfpfsbv) iv lc' vfjzfk (ncâk) YfVf zfv sjfb (bIt)
bfmfp isVf bf.« (zf}, zflf} 1278 bQ)
4444.... ufmfzfk JfVf rst Ivp bfmfp YfVf sjfb iajfsvv bIt W ncâk (zbcv™i ixKj
Ivp) bfmfp iVf ShL bq. (mc} iamcJ, dm} 1058 bQ)
5555---- ixdKhDv sp ²¿fsb dlb hf vfdÛ zöfHfdhj tìf (spmb 6 mfn vfk, 6 mfn dlb) rq,
sn ²¿fsb 24 O¦ef drnfh jsv vfk-dlb Lsv drnfh mk i]fy zÙÁ bfmfp iVsk rsh. sp
²¿fsb dlb hf vfk zöfHfdhj sYfe snJfsbW zf¦lfu jsv njt bfmfp zflfq jvf
uv¢vD. spmb lfÏft ˆst dlb 1 hYv, 1 mfn W 1 nåfr idvmfB tìf rst, öfHfdhj
dlb zbcmfb W drnfh jsv bfmfp iVsk htf rsqsY. (mc} 2137 bQ)
zzzfffpppfffbbb WWW kkkfffvvv mmmfffrrrfffkkk¹¹¹AAA
zfpfb Ivp ˆhQ kf slWqf rt IspG djIfqfr. zfïfrv vnCt hstb, ªbfmfspv
nmq …id²¿k rst skfmfslv ˆjub zfpfb slsh ˆhQ skfmfslv msLA sp hV sn
ƒmfmdk jvsh.« (hc} 628bQ, mc}, bf}, lf})
zfpfb ƒntfsmv zbAkm dblwGb W iakDj. sjfb oafm hf wrvhfnD kf kAfo jvst
ƒmfm (vfóºiaLfb) kfslv dhv¢sÝ durfl jvshb. spmb mrfbhD zdHpfsb sost sjfb
ubil sKsj zfpfsbv L¶db wcbst kfslv …iv zfÛÁmB jvskb bf. (hc} 610 bQ, mc})
nIsv ˆjf Kfjst zKhf mndul Jchƒ lCv rst ˆhQ zfpfb wcbsk bf ifWqf sost

ˆjfƒ zfpfb W ƒjfmk dlsq bfmfp iVf ncâk. (Iƒ} 1/255)
zfpfb slWqfq (mczfpXspsbv ubA) vsqsY hV nWqfh W IpDtk. mrfb zfïfr
hstb, ªsn hAdÙÁ zsi[f zfv jfv jKf …{jxó, sp hAdÙÁ zfïfrv dlsj mfbcNsj
zfr¶fb jsv, n{jfu jsv ˆhQ hst zfdm ˆjub `mcndtm' (zfk¹nmiGBjfvD)?« (jc}
41/33)
diaq bhD hstb, ªstfsj pdl zfpfb W iaKm jfkfsvv mfrfk¹A ufbk, zk}iv kf
tfsHv ubA tefdv jvf YfVf zfv zbA sjfb …ifq bf sik, kfrst kfvf tefdvƒ
jvk.« (hc} 615, mc} 437bQ)
ªzfïfr iaKm jfkfsvv …iv vrmk hNGB jsvb ˆhQ dIdvñfoB kfslv ubA [mf
iafKGbf jsv Kfsjb. mczfpXdpbsj kfv zfpfsbv zfWqfspv …¤ykf zbcpfqD [mf jvf
rq. kfv zfpfb wahBjfvD iaskAj nvn hf bDvn h²Â kfv jKfv nkAfqb jsv Kfsj.
kfv nfsK pfvf bfmfp isV kfslv njstv sbjDv nmidvmfB kfv sbjD tfH rq.«
(zfrml, bfnf„, nrDr kfvoDh 228bQ)
ªdjqfmskv dlb mczfpXdpbosBv olGfb zbAfbA stfsjslv sysq t©hf rsh.« (mc}387bQ)
ªsp hAdÙÁ hfsvf h{nv zfpfb slsh kfv ubA ufâfk Wqfsuh rsq pfsh. zfv
iaskAj dlb zfpfsbv lv¢b kfv zfmtbfmfq Nfede sbjD dtdihÝ jvf rsh ˆhQ kfv
ƒjfmskv lv¢b dtdihÝ rsh dÛwde sbjD.« (ƒhsb mfufr, lfvfjck¶bD, rfsjm, nrDr kfvoDh 240bQ)
ªsp sjfb mfbcN, du¶b hf zbA djYc mczfpXdpsbv zfpfsbv wè wcbsk ifsh, snƒ
mczfpXdpsbv ubA djqfmskv dlb nf[A ialfb jvsh.« (hcJfvD 609 bQ)
zzzfffpppfffsssbbbvvv iiiaaafffvvvddd©©©HHHjjj ƒƒƒdddkkkrrrfffnnn
mÄfq zh²¿fbjfst mrfbhD kKf mcndtmoB dhbf zfpfsb bfmfp isVsYb.
zk}iv mlDbfq druvk jvst druvD 1m (mkf§Àsv 2q) nsb zfpfb Ivp rq. (Ihf}
2/78)
njt mcntmfbsj ˆjsÛ nmshk jsv ufmfzfkhÝHfsh bfmfp iVfv ubA ˆmb ˆj
dudbsnv iasqfub dYt, pf wcsb hf slsJ k]fvf umf rsk ifvskb. ˆ usbA k]fvf iChG
sKsjƒ mndusl …id²¿k rsq bfmfspv zsi[f jvskb. ˆ msmG k]fvf ˆjdlb ivfmwG
jvstb; sj… htstb, `bfnfvfslv O¦efv mk zfmvfW O¦ef hAhrfv jvh.' sj… sj…
htstb, `hvQ ƒqfùlDslv wxsÌv mk wxÌ hAhrfv jvh.' rpvk …mfv htstb,
`hvQ bfmfspv iadk zfr¶fb jvfv ubA ˆjde stfjsj (odt-odt) ifdEsq dlst sjmb
rq?' dj§Â mrfbhD htstb, ªsr dhtft! WE, bfmfspv ubA zfr¶fb jv.«(hc} 604 , mc})
sj… htstb, `bfmfspv nmq mndusl ˆjde ikfjf …sÙftb jvf srfj. stfsjvf kf
slsJ ˆsj zivsj bfmfspv nmq ufdbsq slsh.' dj§Â mrfbhD ˆ nh iY¦l jvstb
bf. (zflf} 498bQ) idvswsN dkdb ˆjde O¦ef dbmGfsBv zfslw dlstb. ˆƒ zhnsv

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