Our universe is a vast and complex entity, and while our knowledge of it has advanced significantly, scientists are still working to unveil many mysteries. One such incredible secret of "Dark Matter Stars" has been revealed by the James Web Telescope (JWT).
The James Web Telescope has observed such an object in the universe that has never been witnessed before. This object is a dark star. Dark stars are entirely different from normal stars. Normal stars get energy from fusion reactions to illuminate whereas dark stars are made of dark matter. By analyzing this star, we can understand many things in the universe that we never know before.
The universe is divided into three parts i.e. visible matter (atoms), dark matter, and dark energy. Visible matter is only 4.6% of the universe, and dark matter is 24% while dark energy is composed of 71.4% of the universe. All the visible things like humans, mountains, the sun, the moon, etc. make up the visible universe that is made from visible matter. We don't know much about the dark matter that makes up 24% of the universe. We only know that it is made up of dark matter but how? We know very little about it. The third part is the dark energy that expands our universe gradually.
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Dark Stars - James Web Telescope unveiled another secret of this infinite universe
1. Dark Stars - James Web Telescope
unveiled another secret of this
infinite universe
By Dear Teacher
Our universe is a vast and complex entity, and while our knowledge of it
has advanced significantly, scientists are still working to unveil many
mysteries. One such incredible secret of "Dark Matter Stars" has been
revealed by the James Web Telescope (JWT).
The James Web Telescope has observed such an object in the universe
that has never been witnessed before. This object is a dark star. Dark stars
are entirely different from normal stars. Normal stars get energy from fusion
reactions to illuminate whereas dark stars are made of dark matter. By
analyzing this star, we can understand many things in the universe that we
never know before.
2. The universe is divided into three parts i.e. visible matter (atoms), dark
matter, and dark energy. Visible matter is only 4.6% of the universe, and
dark matter is 24% while dark energy is composed of 71.4% of the
universe. All the visible things like humans, mountains, the sun, the moon,
etc. make up the visible universe that is made from visible matter. We
don't know much about the dark matter that makes up 24% of the
universe. We only know that it is made up of dark matter but how? We
know very little about it. The third part is the dark energy that expands
our universe gradually.
Dark matter is invisible. We don't know much about it. But if we don't know
it, then how can we know it exists? When we examine the rotation and
mass of a galaxy, we come to know that galaxies rotate very fast despite
lesser masses. It means there is something mysterious around them that
we can't see with our naked eye or instrument, but it exists and it is called
dark matter with the help of which we can explain why galaxies rotate so
fast. The dark matter stars glow enormously. They are millions of times
larger in mass and billions of times more glowing than normal stars.
3. Considering the structure of these dark matter stars, a question arises over
here how these stars are formed? After discovering by James Web
Telescope, multiple simulations have been prepared of these stars. As
Albert Einstein told us about the existence of a black hole and then we
saw it. Just like that Einstein has also told us that a white hole also exists
that is never seen to date but mathematics tells us that a white hole also
exists that repels everything from itself. As a black hole attracts everything
towards itself just like that, a white hole repels everything away from its
center. Our mathematics, equations, and simulations call out very loudly
that dark stars exist in our universe, but dark stars have never been found
so far.
If we look at the place where helium and hydrogen clouds are forming after
the Big Bang, there also exist spaces filled with dark matter. This is the
place where helium and hydrogen clouds and dark matter exist to form
the stars. This revelation was done in a research paper in Proceedings of
the National Academy of Sciences, USA. It revealed that three objects
were seen in the most distant past with the help of the James Web
Telescope. Initially, the scientists believed them to be galaxies, but later,
4. they gradually discovered that they are Super Massive Dark Stars. Search
is going on to know more about them at the moment. When Big Bang
occurred and our universe came into being, 100 million years later, the
formation of stars began.
There are two theories. The first theory states that this population was of
three stars which were made from visible matter. Our universe was at the
initial stage. Therefore, no heavy metals existed at that time. Only helium
and hydrogen were present which were the basic elements. When a
nuclear reaction occurred between helium and hydrogen and there the first
stars were formed which are known as population three stars. Then
gradually neon, carbon, silicon, Iron, Nickle like heavy metals started
forming in these stars. In the second theory, Katherine Freese revealed
with the help of simulations in 2008 that it is not necessary that only stars of
visible matter were formed, but dark stars may exist at the initial stage of
the universe.
5. Dark matter doesn't interact with any signal or electromagnetic waves.
Therefore, we can't interact with the dark matter. According to scientists,
dark matter has an enormous gravitational signature. Therefore, we can
know where dark matter exists because greater gravity than the gravity of
visible matter can be noticed there. If helium and hydrogen clouds exist at a
place where the particles of dark matter and anti-dark matter particles also
exist, then the particles of dark matter and anti-dark matter particles will
collide with each other to release energy. Here hydrogen and oxygen are
also present. According to a research paper, dark matter will give its energy
to hydrogen and oxygen. When they will react with each other, a chain
reaction with particle decay will occur and will gradually reach neutrinos,
and we know neutrinos don't react. Therefore, further decay will stop. But
the energy given to the clouds of helium and hydrogen works as a catalyst
in the formation of dark stars. Now it is believed that dark stars are the
center of dark galaxies. According to scientists, these dark galaxies had
come into being 200 million years later the Big Bang.
These dark stars were smaller in the beginning but gradually they
expanded as their temperature decreased because of no fusion reaction,
no high energy photons were ejected. Over the period, they became
bigger as they collected masses from the dark matter around them.
When the stars expand, they become nearer to their end. The age of our
Sun is also 8 billion years after which it will die. These dark stars will die in
the same way giving birth to supermassive black holes. Scientists believe
that a black hole is formed at the death of a dark star because of the
6. smaller size of the population three stars couldn't make these black holes
at that time when black holes existed.
James Web Telescope discovered three such objects that were thought to
be galaxies in the beginning, but then the scientists realized them to be
dark stars. Two of them are a million times bigger than our Solar System
individually, and the third one is half a million bigger than the mass of our
Sun.
Thus, we still don't know much about the formation of dark stars, but
definitely, we know that such an event occurred during the formation of a
dark star which never happens in the present universe. This event was the
interaction between dark matter and visible matter in which energy was
transferred from the dark matter particles to the clouds of helium and
hydrogen. This is a much much bigger event with the help of which we can
understand the circumstances in which dark matter and visible matter
interact. This will help us in studying and getting information about dark
matter in the future. In fact, it is an amazing achievement of the James Web
Telescope.
Tags:SpaceBuddy