Poverty and Physical Activity: Presentation to Human Kinetics Class
1. Movement For Change How Physical Activity can Impact the lives of people living in Poverty MAry Clark, Active Living Coordinator, Vancouver So-Sah-latch Mom’s Walking Group, North Shore
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4. What makes us Healthy? The choices we make are shaped by the choices we have. “ Unnatural Causes” Action Toolkit Cultural/Behavioural approach vs. Social Determinants approach
11. Social Inclusion Lens Adapted from Health Canada, the Laidlaw Foundation, and Dr. Dennis Raphael Adapted from Health Canada, the Laidlaw Foundation, and Dr. Dennis Raphael Elements of Exclusion Poverty Disadvantage Inequality Discrimination Barriers to Access Disability Isolation Marginalization Outcomes of Inclusion Improved Health Human rights Adequate Income Access Participation Valued Contributing Belonging Empowerment Valued Recognition Self-Development Social Justice Involved and Engaged Access and Proximity Poor Health Material Deprivation Excessive Negative Stress Unhealthy Behaviours -Necessary Elements of Quality Recreation and Physical Activity-
12. Physical activity has a scientific basis, but it is also an experience that provides a context for self- expression, contentment and a sense of fulfillment at a personal level. It is pointless focussing on one without the other. Dr. George Sheehan Dr. George Sheehan Dr. George Sheehan Dr. George Sheehan Foodbank Drop In Sports Program
18. Social Inclusion Lens Adapted from Health Canada, the Laidlaw Foundation, and Dr. Dennis Raphael Adapted from Health Canada, the Laidlaw Foundation, and Dr. Dennis Raphael Elements of Exclusion Poverty Disadvantage Inequality Discrimination Barriers to Access Disability Isolation Marginalization Outcomes of Inclusion Improved Health Human rights Adequate Income Access Participation Valued Contributing Belonging Empowerment Valued Recognition Self-Development Social Justice Involved and Engaged Access and Proximity Poor Health Material Deprivation Excessive Negative Stress Unhealthy Behaviours -Necessary Elements of Quality Recreation and Physical Activity-
Mary - More on our specific roles as Active Living Coordinators What makes us healthy and a brief overview of poverty and health The role of Physical activity - beyond the traditional beliefs of lowering blood pressure and cholesterol We’re going to share 2 digital stories from 2 different projects Lessons learned and quesitons
Jo-Anne - (insert picture) Where the positions came from/ Core programs: special funding to support the “Core Programs” to health authorities. Target populations: 35-64, marginalized groups, potential for chronic diseas NS/Vancouver differences: NS-Healthy Living and Community Development Elements of our roles: Use a Social Inclusion framework/Approach
Jo-Anne- The choices we make are shaped by the choices we have. The social determinants are things like: the availability of resources, gender, ethnicity, living and working conditions, quality of available food, access to play and recreation, and affordable housing. All health evidence points towards SDOH approach to explain health inequities. cultural/behavioural: health is a reflection of personal choices around eating, activity, smoking, etc. social determinants: health is developed from the conditions in which people are born, work, play, and live their lives health is developed from the conditions in which people are born, work, play, and live their lives Making healthy choices isn’t just about self-discipline. Some neighborhoods have easy access to fresh, affordable produce; others have only fast food joints, liquor outlets and convenience stores. Some have nice homes, clean parks, safe places to walk, jog, bike or play, and well-financed schools offering gym, art, music and after-school programs, while others don’t. What public policies and business practices can better ensure healthy spaces and places for everyone?
Jo-Anne - Chronic diseases: A recent Canadian study revealed that: Cardiovascular disease is 3x more likely for men who are living in poor neighbourhoods. Type 2 diabetes is 4x greater for women who are living in poor neighbourhoods. “ Canadians at the bottom of the economic ladder were more likely to die from just about every disease from which people can die from than the more well-off, including cancers, heart disease, diabetes, and respiratory diseases among others.” Wilkins, Adams, & Brancker (2000)
Jo-Anne_ 3 common ways to measure poverty: 1. Using a measurement of income - like LICO - STATS Canada never intended for this measurement to be used a measurement of poverty, unfortunately it is used in many places to determine qualifications for benefits. Poor people and those on government assistance earn far less than the minimum on LICO tables 2. Relative poverty: the most accurate way to measure poverty in developed countries - feeling that you do not have enough to get along in society 3. Multi-dimensional model: not just a lack of financial resources, but the lack of access to power and conditions of life - for example: lack of access to health services, recreation services, dietary needs, participate in relationships, follow customary behaviours, not able to meet societal role expectations In BC, 13% of individuals, 1 in 5 children Groups most affected by poverty: women, lone parents, new immigrants, visible minorities and aboriginals. These are also the same groups who have the lowest rates of physical activity participation in our society. If people who live in poverty had access to power and influence, Canada would not have a poverty issue.
Mary- Material Deprivation Examples: access to healthy food, not able to purchase books, medicine, go out on a date, not join a group, program, or take a class.Basically having the $$$ to participate as a member of society and the expectations that come with that. Children come first. Excessive Negative stress Example: discrimination, barriers to access, dealing with a disability, managing life, isolation, marginalization, making difficult choices, deameaning of asking for help and prove that you are poor all the time, constantly living in a state of seeking. Single mom in Pop Health video re: son that loses his jacket. Health threatening behaviours examples: sedentary - 70% of kids living in poverty never play any organized sports. TV becomes a cheap friend. Coping with stress through smoking, alcohol.
Mary: (insert picture) having and maintaining good health lies in feeling included within societyinvolvement in recreation and physical activity can mitigate some of the effects of poverty
Mary-Imagine these dimensions as making up a lens . When recreation and leisure services apply a social inclusion lens , the process and the outcome results in:
Mary Dr. George Sheehan from Australia: Physical activity has a scientific basis, but it is also an experience that provides a context for self-expression, contentment and a sense of fulfillment at a personal level.It is pointless focussing on one without the other.
Jo-Anne: Material Deprivation Examples: fee subsidy program, $$ always goes to kids programs first (jo tell her story about kayaking), YMCA partnership, For parents who have limited incomes, $$$ typically first go to their kids being involved in activities. Adults may need financial incentives to participate. Research shows that when recreation service providers require people who are poor to prove income, it is a major barrier. The City of Delta and Kelowna are examples of public recreation service providers who trust public health and social service agencies to administer “Leisure Access”.
Jo-Anne: Managing Excessive Negative stress Example: Playfulness, escape, enjoyment, opportunity for self development, building friendships.
Mary: Building Healthy behaviours examples: Opportunities: skill development, friendship building, not knowing you could do something and finding out that you can Carry over effects: leadership, role modeling, family life - parents can be be proud to tell their kids they did something
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Sustainability: we try to build skills, leadership abilities, etc. “Work ourselves out of a job” - Jo’s example of Housing and Cap susp. bridge Second point: historically - the focus on Active Living has been primarily driven by a pathological perspective ie. avoid ill health, and ignored the social and cultural conditions that shape and constrain health-particularly for those with limited resources. Public health and public recreation have the same goals for wellbeing. We need to work together. Increasing awareness: Literature shows that many recreation professionals underestimate the amount of poverty in their neighbourhoods - because that’s not the typical user of public recreation services. We all need to build our awareness and look for other outcomes to our services rather than “Did we meet the budget”. Relationship building Engagement and Community development
In summary, we’ll review the model...any questions
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