Submit Search
Upload
Salafism: Ideas, Recent History, Politics
•
Download as PPTX, PDF
•
1 like
•
358 views
M
Mary Kalbach Horan
Follow
Discursive presentation on the elements that currently define Salafism.
Read less
Read more
News & Politics
Report
Share
Report
Share
1 of 19
Download now
Recommended
Islamic fundamentalism and radical islam 2020 (1)
Islamic fundamentalism and radical islam 2020 (1)
Janos Tomolya
WHO ARE ISIS
WHO ARE ISIS
melchor dullao
Salafism: Ideas, Recent History, Politics
Salafism: Ideas, Recent History, Politics
The Washington Institute for Near East Policy
The Islamic State: A Video Introduction with Aaron Zelin
The Islamic State: A Video Introduction with Aaron Zelin
Scott Rogers
Crimes of Takfiri movements in Lebanon
Crimes of Takfiri movements in Lebanon
ezra lioyd
Boko Haram
Boko Haram
ezra lioyd
Who is ISIS?
Who is ISIS?
MaryLee Moulton
Presentation1
Presentation1
kvkris
Recommended
Islamic fundamentalism and radical islam 2020 (1)
Islamic fundamentalism and radical islam 2020 (1)
Janos Tomolya
WHO ARE ISIS
WHO ARE ISIS
melchor dullao
Salafism: Ideas, Recent History, Politics
Salafism: Ideas, Recent History, Politics
The Washington Institute for Near East Policy
The Islamic State: A Video Introduction with Aaron Zelin
The Islamic State: A Video Introduction with Aaron Zelin
Scott Rogers
Crimes of Takfiri movements in Lebanon
Crimes of Takfiri movements in Lebanon
ezra lioyd
Boko Haram
Boko Haram
ezra lioyd
Who is ISIS?
Who is ISIS?
MaryLee Moulton
Presentation1
Presentation1
kvkris
Wahhabism and salafism
Wahhabism and salafism
farwagilani
Overcoming ISIS Through Education and Interreligious Engagement
Overcoming ISIS Through Education and Interreligious Engagement
Islamic Networks Group
ISIS A Global Threat
ISIS A Global Threat
deesha joshi
ISIS and Kurdistan
ISIS and Kurdistan
Sixth from college
Muslim Extremism Historical Overview
Muslim Extremism Historical Overview
Garabet Moumdjian
Wahhabism
Wahhabism
Donald William Reid
Lesson 11 Unspeakable Evil - The Islamic State
Lesson 11 Unspeakable Evil - The Islamic State
Austin Boyd
Islamic state
Islamic state
Ege University
PARIS ATTACKS, ISIS AND MUSLIM YOUTH
PARIS ATTACKS, ISIS AND MUSLIM YOUTH
mayank dawar
The islamic state effect ppt
The islamic state effect ppt
Global R & D Services
Emergence of ISIS in Afghanistan. A threat to regional security.
Emergence of ISIS in Afghanistan. A threat to regional security.
Syed Bilal Ahmed Shah
Russian organized crime or russian mafia
Russian organized crime or russian mafia
grace escabel
Lesson 7 Saudi Arabia and Iran
Lesson 7 Saudi Arabia and Iran
Austin Boyd
mid term essay
mid term essay
Jack Johnson
Rise of extremism and the Ongoing genocide
Rise of extremism and the Ongoing genocide
Dr. Leila Nicolas (Rahbany)
FinalPaperIvayloHristevISIS
FinalPaperIvayloHristevISIS
Ivaylo Hristev
Isis
Isis
Shubham Wattamwar
The Islamic State of Iraq and Syria
The Islamic State of Iraq and Syria
Kati Armstrong
A History Of Islamic Extremism
A History Of Islamic Extremism
rodneyyeoh
Addressing ISIS (1)
Addressing ISIS (1)
Andrew Gavin
Dr Sadek Hamid A Mapping of Islamist trends in the UK final version for CCE
Dr Sadek Hamid A Mapping of Islamist trends in the UK final version for CCE
YahyaBirt1
READINGSIslam-ism, Al-Qaeda, and Systems TheoryWeek 14 In Wee.docx
READINGSIslam-ism, Al-Qaeda, and Systems TheoryWeek 14 In Wee.docx
catheryncouper
More Related Content
What's hot
Wahhabism and salafism
Wahhabism and salafism
farwagilani
Overcoming ISIS Through Education and Interreligious Engagement
Overcoming ISIS Through Education and Interreligious Engagement
Islamic Networks Group
ISIS A Global Threat
ISIS A Global Threat
deesha joshi
ISIS and Kurdistan
ISIS and Kurdistan
Sixth from college
Muslim Extremism Historical Overview
Muslim Extremism Historical Overview
Garabet Moumdjian
Wahhabism
Wahhabism
Donald William Reid
Lesson 11 Unspeakable Evil - The Islamic State
Lesson 11 Unspeakable Evil - The Islamic State
Austin Boyd
Islamic state
Islamic state
Ege University
PARIS ATTACKS, ISIS AND MUSLIM YOUTH
PARIS ATTACKS, ISIS AND MUSLIM YOUTH
mayank dawar
The islamic state effect ppt
The islamic state effect ppt
Global R & D Services
Emergence of ISIS in Afghanistan. A threat to regional security.
Emergence of ISIS in Afghanistan. A threat to regional security.
Syed Bilal Ahmed Shah
Russian organized crime or russian mafia
Russian organized crime or russian mafia
grace escabel
Lesson 7 Saudi Arabia and Iran
Lesson 7 Saudi Arabia and Iran
Austin Boyd
mid term essay
mid term essay
Jack Johnson
Rise of extremism and the Ongoing genocide
Rise of extremism and the Ongoing genocide
Dr. Leila Nicolas (Rahbany)
FinalPaperIvayloHristevISIS
FinalPaperIvayloHristevISIS
Ivaylo Hristev
Isis
Isis
Shubham Wattamwar
The Islamic State of Iraq and Syria
The Islamic State of Iraq and Syria
Kati Armstrong
A History Of Islamic Extremism
A History Of Islamic Extremism
rodneyyeoh
Addressing ISIS (1)
Addressing ISIS (1)
Andrew Gavin
What's hot
(20)
Wahhabism and salafism
Wahhabism and salafism
Overcoming ISIS Through Education and Interreligious Engagement
Overcoming ISIS Through Education and Interreligious Engagement
ISIS A Global Threat
ISIS A Global Threat
ISIS and Kurdistan
ISIS and Kurdistan
Muslim Extremism Historical Overview
Muslim Extremism Historical Overview
Wahhabism
Wahhabism
Lesson 11 Unspeakable Evil - The Islamic State
Lesson 11 Unspeakable Evil - The Islamic State
Islamic state
Islamic state
PARIS ATTACKS, ISIS AND MUSLIM YOUTH
PARIS ATTACKS, ISIS AND MUSLIM YOUTH
The islamic state effect ppt
The islamic state effect ppt
Emergence of ISIS in Afghanistan. A threat to regional security.
Emergence of ISIS in Afghanistan. A threat to regional security.
Russian organized crime or russian mafia
Russian organized crime or russian mafia
Lesson 7 Saudi Arabia and Iran
Lesson 7 Saudi Arabia and Iran
mid term essay
mid term essay
Rise of extremism and the Ongoing genocide
Rise of extremism and the Ongoing genocide
FinalPaperIvayloHristevISIS
FinalPaperIvayloHristevISIS
Isis
Isis
The Islamic State of Iraq and Syria
The Islamic State of Iraq and Syria
A History Of Islamic Extremism
A History Of Islamic Extremism
Addressing ISIS (1)
Addressing ISIS (1)
Similar to Salafism: Ideas, Recent History, Politics
Dr Sadek Hamid A Mapping of Islamist trends in the UK final version for CCE
Dr Sadek Hamid A Mapping of Islamist trends in the UK final version for CCE
YahyaBirt1
READINGSIslam-ism, Al-Qaeda, and Systems TheoryWeek 14 In Wee.docx
READINGSIslam-ism, Al-Qaeda, and Systems TheoryWeek 14 In Wee.docx
catheryncouper
Assignment 7
Assignment 7
Cory Satter
Islmization And Contemorary Momvements
Islmization And Contemorary Momvements
Malik Sohail Nawaz
islamic fundamentalism paper
islamic fundamentalism paper
Anthony Myers
Political Islam and its discrimination with Salafism in contemporary ages: fi...
Political Islam and its discrimination with Salafism in contemporary ages: fi...
malisahmad
Political Islam and its discrimination with Salafism in contemporary ages: fi...
Political Islam and its discrimination with Salafism in contemporary ages: fi...
ezra lioyd
Political Islam and its discrimination with Salafism in contemporary ages: fi...
Political Islam and its discrimination with Salafism in contemporary ages: fi...
ezra lioyd
History of Terrorism
History of Terrorism
jmalagon42
08 text haqqani_20 oct
08 text haqqani_20 oct
jhenri5
A Sense of Siege The Geopolitics of Islam and the West.pdf
A Sense of Siege The Geopolitics of Islam and the West.pdf
ccccccccdddddd
Are You a Victim of the Labels ‘Wahhabi’/‘Saudi-Salafi’?
Are You a Victim of the Labels ‘Wahhabi’/‘Saudi-Salafi’?
Om Muktar
Bbauaj
Bbauaj
kainat954285
How to combat terrorism and to build a world peace
How to combat terrorism and to build a world peace
Fernando Alcoforado
1-What are the pros and cons of parole. Discuss2-Discuss ways .docx
1-What are the pros and cons of parole. Discuss2-Discuss ways .docx
lindorffgarrik
INTR708-Iran-Saudi-conflict_122166-1.pptx
INTR708-Iran-Saudi-conflict_122166-1.pptx
Naim Tahir Baig
PS 240 Fundamentalism Fall 2007
PS 240 Fundamentalism Fall 2007
Christopher Rice
21st Century Islam_The Rise of ISIS
21st Century Islam_The Rise of ISIS
Brian Rutherford
Envision brief
Envision brief
James Feldkamp
Envision brief
Envision brief
James Feldkamp
Similar to Salafism: Ideas, Recent History, Politics
(20)
Dr Sadek Hamid A Mapping of Islamist trends in the UK final version for CCE
Dr Sadek Hamid A Mapping of Islamist trends in the UK final version for CCE
READINGSIslam-ism, Al-Qaeda, and Systems TheoryWeek 14 In Wee.docx
READINGSIslam-ism, Al-Qaeda, and Systems TheoryWeek 14 In Wee.docx
Assignment 7
Assignment 7
Islmization And Contemorary Momvements
Islmization And Contemorary Momvements
islamic fundamentalism paper
islamic fundamentalism paper
Political Islam and its discrimination with Salafism in contemporary ages: fi...
Political Islam and its discrimination with Salafism in contemporary ages: fi...
Political Islam and its discrimination with Salafism in contemporary ages: fi...
Political Islam and its discrimination with Salafism in contemporary ages: fi...
Political Islam and its discrimination with Salafism in contemporary ages: fi...
Political Islam and its discrimination with Salafism in contemporary ages: fi...
History of Terrorism
History of Terrorism
08 text haqqani_20 oct
08 text haqqani_20 oct
A Sense of Siege The Geopolitics of Islam and the West.pdf
A Sense of Siege The Geopolitics of Islam and the West.pdf
Are You a Victim of the Labels ‘Wahhabi’/‘Saudi-Salafi’?
Are You a Victim of the Labels ‘Wahhabi’/‘Saudi-Salafi’?
Bbauaj
Bbauaj
How to combat terrorism and to build a world peace
How to combat terrorism and to build a world peace
1-What are the pros and cons of parole. Discuss2-Discuss ways .docx
1-What are the pros and cons of parole. Discuss2-Discuss ways .docx
INTR708-Iran-Saudi-conflict_122166-1.pptx
INTR708-Iran-Saudi-conflict_122166-1.pptx
PS 240 Fundamentalism Fall 2007
PS 240 Fundamentalism Fall 2007
21st Century Islam_The Rise of ISIS
21st Century Islam_The Rise of ISIS
Envision brief
Envision brief
Envision brief
Envision brief
Recently uploaded
BDSM⚡Call Girls in Indirapuram Escorts >༒8448380779 Escort Service
BDSM⚡Call Girls in Indirapuram Escorts >༒8448380779 Escort Service
Delhi Call girls
Gujarat-SEBCs.pdf pfpkoopapriorjfperjreie
Gujarat-SEBCs.pdf pfpkoopapriorjfperjreie
bhavenpr
AI as Research Assistant: Upscaling Content Analysis to Identify Patterns of ...
AI as Research Assistant: Upscaling Content Analysis to Identify Patterns of ...
Axel Bruns
Lorenzo D'Emidio_Lavoro sullaNorth Korea .pptx
Lorenzo D'Emidio_Lavoro sullaNorth Korea .pptx
lorenzodemidio01
Nurturing Families, Empowering Lives: TDP's Vision for Family Welfare in Andh...
Nurturing Families, Empowering Lives: TDP's Vision for Family Welfare in Andh...
narsireddynannuri1
29042024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdf
29042024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdf
FIRST INDIA
2024 04 03 AZ GOP LD4 Gen Meeting Minutes FINAL.docx
2024 04 03 AZ GOP LD4 Gen Meeting Minutes FINAL.docx
kfjstone13
Julius Randle's Injury Status: Surgery Not Off the Table
Julius Randle's Injury Status: Surgery Not Off the Table
get joys
如何办理(BU学位证书)美国贝翰文大学毕业证学位证书
如何办理(BU学位证书)美国贝翰文大学毕业证学位证书
Fi L
WhatsApp 📞 8448380779 ✅Call Girls In Chaura Sector 22 ( Noida)
WhatsApp 📞 8448380779 ✅Call Girls In Chaura Sector 22 ( Noida)
Delhi Call girls
Israel Palestine Conflict, The issue and historical context!
Israel Palestine Conflict, The issue and historical context!
Krish109503
28042024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdf
28042024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdf
FIRST INDIA
Embed-4.pdf lkdiinlajeklhndklheduhuekjdh
Embed-4.pdf lkdiinlajeklhndklheduhuekjdh
bhavenpr
Enjoy Night⚡Call Girls Rajokri Delhi >༒8448380779 Escort Service
Enjoy Night⚡Call Girls Rajokri Delhi >༒8448380779 Escort Service
Delhi Call girls
Enjoy Night⚡Call Girls Iffco Chowk Gurgaon >༒8448380779 Escort Service
Enjoy Night⚡Call Girls Iffco Chowk Gurgaon >༒8448380779 Escort Service
Delhi Call girls
TDP As the Party of Hope For AP Youth Under N Chandrababu Naidu’s Leadership
TDP As the Party of Hope For AP Youth Under N Chandrababu Naidu’s Leadership
anjanibaddipudi1
Nara Chandrababu Naidu's Visionary Policies For Andhra Pradesh's Development
Nara Chandrababu Naidu's Visionary Policies For Andhra Pradesh's Development
narsireddynannuri1
2024 02 15 AZ GOP LD4 Gen Meeting Minutes_FINAL_20240228.docx
2024 02 15 AZ GOP LD4 Gen Meeting Minutes_FINAL_20240228.docx
kfjstone13
Defensa de JOH insiste que testimonio de analista de la DEA es falso y solici...
Defensa de JOH insiste que testimonio de analista de la DEA es falso y solici...
AlexisTorres963861
Powerful Love Spells in Phoenix, AZ (310) 882-6330 Bring Back Lost Lover
Powerful Love Spells in Phoenix, AZ (310) 882-6330 Bring Back Lost Lover
PsychicRuben LoveSpells
Recently uploaded
(20)
BDSM⚡Call Girls in Indirapuram Escorts >༒8448380779 Escort Service
BDSM⚡Call Girls in Indirapuram Escorts >༒8448380779 Escort Service
Gujarat-SEBCs.pdf pfpkoopapriorjfperjreie
Gujarat-SEBCs.pdf pfpkoopapriorjfperjreie
AI as Research Assistant: Upscaling Content Analysis to Identify Patterns of ...
AI as Research Assistant: Upscaling Content Analysis to Identify Patterns of ...
Lorenzo D'Emidio_Lavoro sullaNorth Korea .pptx
Lorenzo D'Emidio_Lavoro sullaNorth Korea .pptx
Nurturing Families, Empowering Lives: TDP's Vision for Family Welfare in Andh...
Nurturing Families, Empowering Lives: TDP's Vision for Family Welfare in Andh...
29042024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdf
29042024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdf
2024 04 03 AZ GOP LD4 Gen Meeting Minutes FINAL.docx
2024 04 03 AZ GOP LD4 Gen Meeting Minutes FINAL.docx
Julius Randle's Injury Status: Surgery Not Off the Table
Julius Randle's Injury Status: Surgery Not Off the Table
如何办理(BU学位证书)美国贝翰文大学毕业证学位证书
如何办理(BU学位证书)美国贝翰文大学毕业证学位证书
WhatsApp 📞 8448380779 ✅Call Girls In Chaura Sector 22 ( Noida)
WhatsApp 📞 8448380779 ✅Call Girls In Chaura Sector 22 ( Noida)
Israel Palestine Conflict, The issue and historical context!
Israel Palestine Conflict, The issue and historical context!
28042024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdf
28042024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdf
Embed-4.pdf lkdiinlajeklhndklheduhuekjdh
Embed-4.pdf lkdiinlajeklhndklheduhuekjdh
Enjoy Night⚡Call Girls Rajokri Delhi >༒8448380779 Escort Service
Enjoy Night⚡Call Girls Rajokri Delhi >༒8448380779 Escort Service
Enjoy Night⚡Call Girls Iffco Chowk Gurgaon >༒8448380779 Escort Service
Enjoy Night⚡Call Girls Iffco Chowk Gurgaon >༒8448380779 Escort Service
TDP As the Party of Hope For AP Youth Under N Chandrababu Naidu’s Leadership
TDP As the Party of Hope For AP Youth Under N Chandrababu Naidu’s Leadership
Nara Chandrababu Naidu's Visionary Policies For Andhra Pradesh's Development
Nara Chandrababu Naidu's Visionary Policies For Andhra Pradesh's Development
2024 02 15 AZ GOP LD4 Gen Meeting Minutes_FINAL_20240228.docx
2024 02 15 AZ GOP LD4 Gen Meeting Minutes_FINAL_20240228.docx
Defensa de JOH insiste que testimonio de analista de la DEA es falso y solici...
Defensa de JOH insiste que testimonio de analista de la DEA es falso y solici...
Powerful Love Spells in Phoenix, AZ (310) 882-6330 Bring Back Lost Lover
Powerful Love Spells in Phoenix, AZ (310) 882-6330 Bring Back Lost Lover
Salafism: Ideas, Recent History, Politics
1.
Salafism: ideas, recent
history, politics Jacob Olidort, PhD Soref Fellow, the Washington Institute for Near East Policy jolidort@washingtoninstitute.org @jolidort ©2016 The Washington Institute for Near East Policy 1
2.
Overview Introduction: Terms
and Concepts Emergence of Salafi Movement in the 20th Century Local Roots New political setting (1924-1961) Salafism ascendant(1961-1980) Salafis divide (1980-2001): quietists, politicos, jihadis Making Sense of Salafism Today (2011-2016) New trends, new problems Rethinking Salafism 2 ©2016 The Washington Institute for Near East Policy
3.
Distinction Brotherhood Islamism Nature:
Political ideology, hierarchical organizations Objective: To ensure that Islam is in a position of influence, in any form and through any means. Sources: Cite widely from Islamic and Western sources, showing that Islam is in harmony with Western institutions and ideas. Priority: Diminish Western influence Salafism Nature: Theological and legal ideology, meritocratic networks Objective: To ensure that only their inter-pretation of Islam is the one that dominates. Sources: Only Islamic sources by authors who share their worldview and typically no western sources. Priority: Diminish what they see as “deviant” Islamic influences (especially Shi‘is, Sufis) in order to “purify” Islam. 3 Salafi-Jihadis: Brotherhood Islamism + Salafism Wahhabism: Saudi Arabia’s brand of Salafism; heavier emphasis on theology than law and bound to Saudi monarchy and state. ©2016 The Washington Institute for Near East Policy
4.
Types of Salafis*
Purists (Quietists) emphasize a focus on nonviolent methods of propagation, purification, and education. They view politics as a diversion that encourages deviancy. Politicos (Harakis) emphasize application of Salafi creed to the political arena, which they view as particularly important because it dramatically impacts social justice and the right of God alone to legislate. Jihadis take a more militant position and argue that the current context calls for violence and revolution. *Definitions from Quintan Wiktorowicz, “The Anatomy of the Salafi Movement,” Studies in Conflict and Terrorism (2006). ©2016 The Washington Institute for Near East Policy 4
5.
5 The difference between
different Salafi groups— jihadis, quietists and politicos—is in the way they interpret political context, not in their theology or legal worldviews. ©2016 The Washington Institute for Near East Policy
6.
Terms and Concepts
Sunni theological and legal worldview that seeks to redefine Islam as how they imagine to have been during the time of the Prophet Muhammad and his early followers, who witnessed his actions and life. Sources anything literally stated in the Qur’an, and in those hadith reports (actions and statements of Prophet Muhammad) Salafis deem to be “authentic.” refer only to authors they believe to have championed their “creed” over the centuries. Reject anything that: appeared after seventh to ninth century was not explicitly condoned by Muhammad is based on anything other than Q and S 6 Salafism (al-salafiyya, Ar.): from “al-salaf al-salih” (the pious predecessors) = sunna (normative example of Prophet Muhammad) ©2016 The Washington Institute for Near East Policy = Bid‘a ([reprehensible] innovation)
7.
Why Salafism?7 The first
three generations: “The best of my community is my generation, then those who follow them, then those who follow them.” – (Hadith in Bukhari 3450) The “saved sect”: “…My community shall divide into 73 sects, all of whom will perish in Hellfire except for one.” “Which is that, Messenger of God?” “Whoever follows what I and my Companions follow” (Other versions: “It is the Community”; “It is the people of the sunna and the Community.”) (Hadith in Abu Dawud, Kitab al-Sunna 4596; Tirmidhi, Kitab al-Iman 2640) ©2016 The Washington Institute for Near East Policy
8.
8 IS Destruction of
Tomb of the Girl in Mosul, Iraq. opposite: shirk (ascribing partners [to God]) – i.e., anything that violates tawhid. Aqida creed, theological views. Tawhid (God’s oneness*) key principle used by Salafis to justify opposition to other Sunnis (especially Sufis) and Shiites. Salafis divide tawhid into the following: Lordship, the recognition of God’s absolute and unique powers. Divinity that is worshiped and personally submitted to by all people. Names and attributes literally found in Qur’an and which cannot be ascribed to human beings (= Islamic speculative theology) Sovereignty (Jihadis, political): rulers who do not apply sharia commit grave sin and violate God’s sovereignty. *R. Meijer, Global Salafism, xv. ©2016 The Washington Institute for Near East Policy Salafi Theology
9.
Salafi Law9 Oppose
taqlid (adherence to the Sunni schools of Islamic law – madhhab). Salafis deride this as “blind emulation” and “madhhab-partisanship”` Insist on direct application of practices and ideas in hadith reports deemed to be “authentic” (i.e. “proven” that the Prophet Muhammad said them) Reject entire tradition and methods of Islamic jurisprudence since much of this draws on analogical reasoning, deemed by Salafis to be foreign to Islam. = Bid‘a ([reprehensible] innovation) ©2016 The Washington Institute for Near East Policy
10.
Quietist vs.Jihadi?10 Takfir –
excommunication of other Muslims Under what conditions does one’s Muslim status change? Failure to adhere to Salafi theological and legal principles equals explicit rejection of Islam or reasons such as misunderstanding, lack of exposure to Salafi ideas, laziness ©2016 The Washington Institute for Near East Policy
11.
PART I Emergence of
Salafism in the 20th Century 11 ©2016 The Washington Institute for Near East Policy
12.
Muhammad , b.
Ali al-Shawkani (d. 1834) Muhammad Hayat al-Sindi (d. 1750) Rashid Rida (d. 1935) Salih al-Fullani (d. 1803) Muhammad al-Amin al-Shinqiti (1887-1976) Ibn ‘Abd al-Wahhab (d. 1792) Shah Wali Allah al-Dihlawi (d. 1762) Salafism: Local Roots ©2016 The Washington Institute for Near East Policy
13.
13 Fall of the
Ottoman Empire Replaced by colonial powers and Western-style states New questions about religious authority in absence of Islamic government Renewed skepticism of legal schools (madhhabs), as well as institutions and figures of “official Islam” (seen as pawns of Western-states) Lingering Ottoman concerns over rise of Saudi Arabia Suspicion of local Salafi communities as being proxies, labeled “Wahhabis” For guide to authentic Islamic governance of society, one must consult sources directly. Salafism: Political Setting 19241961 ©2016 The Washington Institute for Near East Policy Both new Western governments and any of their institutions are foreign imports, thus “innovation,” and cannot be trusted for proper guidance.
14.
14 Saudi Arabia’s largesse,
and competition for regional dominance as center of Islamic world King Faisal opens Islamic universities, media stations and Wahhabi institutes around the world. Failure of Arab Nationalism as political ideology (with 1967 defeat) and rise of Islamism New context for raising awareness of broader socio-political relevance of Islam, especially after 1979. Crackdowns on Muslim Brotherhood, seen as political threat Salafis, who refrain from political sphere, begin vilifying MB-like groups for “distracting” from tawhid. ‘Abd al-’Aziz bin Baz (d. 1999), Vice Chancellor of Islamic University of Medina (first Saudi Islamic university, opened in 1961); later Grand Mufti of Saudi Arabia. Salafism Ascendant 19611980 ©2016 The Washington Institute for Near East Policy
15.
15 Saudi soldiers at
the Ka‘ba in Mecca Siege of Mecca (1979) led by hadith-oriented messianic cult Albani’s strain of Salafism implicated, Salafi teachings held suspect. Arab fighters returning from Afghanistan (1980s) Emergence of local jihadi hubs; renewed suspicion of Salafism U.S. troops arrive in Saudi Arabia, first Gulf War (1990-1991) “Awakening” movement, inspires Salafi political opposition Salafis Divide 19802001 ©2016 The Washington Institute for Near East Policy Osama bin-Laden
16.
PART II Making Sense
of Salafism Today (2011present) 16 ©2016 The Washington Institute for Near East Policy
17.
17 Crossover between
the three categories of Salafis (purists, politicos, jihadis) as regional conflicts assume sectarian aspects. Some Salafis violate ideological principles by forming political parties (e.g., Egypt, Gulf States), with some arguing that this is justified as a way of perpetuating their mission of purification and education (al- tasfiya wa-l-tarbiya) ©2016 The Washington Institute for Near East Policy New Trends, New Problems
18.
18 The Quietist Continuum Politically-inclined
quietists weigh in on current events and politics through their theological and legal worldview, but resist becdirect involvement. Politicos JihadisQuietists Absolutist/Madkhali quietists refrain on principle from commenting on any aspect of political sphere and counsel obedience to ruler. Adhere to commentary on religious teachings, personal observance. ©2016 The Washington Institute for Near East Policy Rethinking Salafism
19.
19 D. Commins, The
Wahhabi Mission and Saudi Arabia (New York: I.B. Tauris, 2006). B. Haykel, Revival and Reform in Islam: The Legacy of Muhammad al-Shawkani (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2003). T. Hegghammer and S. Lacroix, “Rejectionist Islamism in Saudi Arabia: The Story of Juhayman al-’Utaybi Revisited,” International Journal of Middle East Studies, 39 (2007): 103122. S. Lacroix, Awakening Islam: The Politics of Religious Dissent in Contemporary Saudi Arabia, trans. George Holoch (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2011). R. Meijer, Global Salafism: Islam’s New Religious Movement (New York: Columbia University Press/Hurst Publishers, 2009). J. Olidort, “The Politics of ‘Quietist’ Salafism,” Brookings Analysis Paper, Project on U.S. Relations with the Islamic World (February 2015). Q. Wiktorowicz, “Anatomy of the Salafi Movement,” Studies in Conflict and Terrorism 29 (2006): 207239. ©2016 The Washington Institute for Near East Policy Select References
Download now