3. SLEEP APNEA
• A condition in which you stop breathing while asleep.
• Your breathing while you are asleep is interrupted by repeated
pauses known as apneic events.
• Sleep apnea can cause serious health problems. It can increase the
risk for stroke, obesity, diabetes, heart attack, heart
failure, irregular heartbeat, and high blood pressure.
• It may also increase the risk for accidents while working or driving,
as some people with sleep apnea may fall asleep during those
activities.
4. SLEEP APNEA TYPE
• The types of sleep apnea include:
• Obstructive sleep apnea, which is the most common form of
sleep apnea;
• Central sleep apnea; and mixed (or complex) sleep apnea, which
combines the two other types.
5. OBSTRUCTIVE APNEA
• It’s more likely if you're overweight or obese, have a thick or
large neck, or have smaller airways in your nose, throat,
or mouth.
• It can also happen if you have enlarged tonsils or too much
tissue at the back of the throat -- the uvula and soft palate --
that hangs down and blocks the windpipe. A larger-than-
average tongue can also block the airway in many people as
well as a deviated septum in the nose.
• The condition is more common among men than women, and it
becomes more likely as you get older. But it’s not a normal part
of aging.
6. CENTRAL APNEA
• In CSA, breathing is disrupted regularly during sleep because of
the way the brain functions. It is not that you cannot breathe
(which is true in obstructive sleep apnea); rather, you do not try
to breathe at all.
• The brain does not tell your muscles to breathe. This type of
sleep apnea is usually associated with serious illness, especially
an illness in which the lower brainstem -- which controls
breathing -- is affected.
• In infants, central sleep apnea produces pauses in breathing that
can last 20 seconds.
7. INSOMNIA
• Insomnia is a sleep disorder that is characterized by difficulty
falling and/or staying asleep. People with insomnia have one or
more of the following symptoms:
• Difficulty falling asleep.
• Waking up often during the night and having trouble going back
to sleep
• Waking up too early in the morning
• Feeling tired upon waking
8. TYPES OF INSOMNIA
• Primary insomnia: Primary insomnia means that a person is
having sleep problems that are not directly associated with any
other health condition or problem.
• Secondary insomnia: Secondary insomnia means that a person
is having sleep problems because of something else, such as a
health condition (like asthma, depression, arthritis, cancer,
or heartburn); pain; medication they are taking; or a substance
they are using (like alcohol).
9. CAUSES OF INSOMNIA
• Significant life stress (job loss or change, death of a loved one,
divorce, moving) Illness, Emotional or physical discomfort
• Environmental factors like noise, light, or extreme temperatures
(hot or cold) that interfere with sleep
• Some medications (for example those used to
treat colds, allergies, depression, high blood pressure,
and asthma) may interfere with sleep
• Interferences in normal sleep schedule (jet lag or switching from
a day to night shift, for example)
10. CHRONIC INSOMNIA
• Causes of chronic insomnia include:
• Depression and/or anxiety
• Chronic stress
• Pain or discomfort at night
11. SYMPTOMS OF INSOMNIA
• Symptoms of Insomnia
• Symptoms of insomnia can include:
• Sleepiness during the day
• General tiredness
• Irritability
• Problems with concentration or memory
12. HYPERSOMNIA
DAY TYPE SLEEPINESS
• It refers to either excessive daytime sleepiness or excessive time
spent sleeping.
• Is a condition in which a person has trouble staying awake
during the day.
• People who have hypersomnia can fall asleep at any time, for
instance, at work or while they are driving.
• They may also have other sleep-related problems, including a
lack of energy and trouble thinking clearly.
13. NIGHTMARES
• Nightmares are vivid nighttime events that can cause feelings of
fear, terror, and/or anxiety.
• The person having a nightmare is abruptly awakened from REM
sleep and is able to describe detailed dream content.
• Returning to sleep is usually difficult.
• Nightmares can be caused by many factors, including
illness, anxiety, the loss of a loved one, or negative reactions to
a medication. Call your doctor if nightmares occur more than
once a week or if nightmares prevent you from getting a good
night's sleep for a prolonged period of time.
14. NIGHT TERRORS
• A person experiencing a night terror abruptly awakes from sleep
in a terrified state, but is confused and unable to communicate.
• They do not respond to voices and are difficult to fully awaken.
• Night terrors last about 15 minutes, after which time the person
usually lies down and appears to fall back asleep.
• People who have night terrors (sometimes called sleep terrors)
usually don't remember the events the next morning.
• Night terrors are similar to nightmares, but usually occur during
deep sleep.
15. NIGHT TERRORS
• People experiencing sleep terrors may pose dangers to
themselves or others because of limb movements.
• Night terrors are fairly common in children, mostly between ages
3 and 8. Children with sleep terrors will often also talk in their
sleep or sleepwalk.
• This sleep disorder, which may run in families, also can occur in
adults. Strong emotional tension and/or the use of alcohol can
increase the incidence of night terrors among adults.
16. SLEEPWALKING
• Sleepwalking occurs when a person appears to be awake and
moving around, but is actually asleep. He or she has no memory
of the episode.
• Sleepwalking most often occurs during deep non-REM sleep
(stages 3 and 4 sleep) early in the night and it can occur during
REM sleep in the early morning.
• This disorder is most commonly seen in children between ages 5
and 12; however, sleepwalking can occur among younger
children, adults, and seniors.
17. • Sleepwalking appears to run in families.
• Contrary to what many people believe, it is not dangerous to
wake a person who is sleepwalking. The sleepwalker simply may
be confused or disoriented for a short time upon awakening.
• Although waking a sleepwalker is not dangerous, sleepwalking
itself can be dangerous, because the person is unaware of his or
her surroundings and can bump into objects or fall down. In most
children, it tends to stop as they enter the teen years.
18. SLEEP TALKING
• Sleep talking is a sleep-wake transition disorder.
• Although it usually is harmless, sleep talking can be disturbing to
sleep partners or family members who witness it.
• Talk that occurs during sleep can be brief and involve simple
sounds, or it can involve long speeches by the sleeper.
• A person who talks during sleep typically has no recollection of
the actions. Sleep talking can be caused by external factors,
including fever, emotional stress, or other sleep disorders.
19. NOCTURNAL LEG CRAMPS
• Nocturnal leg cramps are sudden, involuntary contractions most
commonly of the calf muscles during the night or periods of rest.
• The cramping sensation may last from a few seconds to 10
minutes, but the pain from the cramps may linger for a longer
period. Nocturnal leg camps tend to be found in middle-aged
or older populations, but people of any age can have them.
• The cause of nocturnal leg cramps is not known. Some cases of
the disorder can occur without a triggering event, while other
causes of leg cramps may be linked to prolonged sitting,
dehydration,
20. • Psalm 4:8 New King James Version (NKJV)
• 8 I will both lie down in peace, and sleep;
For You alone, O LORD, make me dwell in safety.
21. • Proverbs 3:21-25 New King James Version (NKJV)
• 21 My son, let them not depart from your eyes—
Keep sound wisdom and discretion;
24 When you lie down, you will not be afraid;
Yes, you will lie down and your sleep will be sweet.
25 Do not be afraid of sudden terror,
Nor of trouble from the wicked when it comes;
22. • Psalm 3:4-5 New King James Version (NKJV)
• 4 I cried to the LORD with my voice,
And He heard me from His holy hill. Selah
• 5 I lay down and slept;
I awoke, for the LORD sustained me.
23. • John 14:27 New King James Version (NKJV)
• 27 Peace I leave with you, My peace I give to you; not as the world
world gives do I give to you. Let not your heart be troubled,
neither let it be afraid.
24. • Psalm 55:22 New King James Version (NKJV)
• 22 Cast your burden on the LORD,
And He shall sustain you;
He shall never permit the righteous to be [a]moved.
25. • Isaiah 26:3-4 New King James Version (NKJV)
• 3 You will keep him in perfect peace,
Whose mind is stayed on You,
Because he trusts in You.
4 Trust in the LORD forever,
For in YAH, the LORD, is [a]everlasting strength.