3. 3
Software can be categarize in different categaries
Generally
Eg: Application software,System Software,Malicious & harmful software
License condition and copyright status
Eg: Free software, Propitary Software
Source code avelability
Eg: Open Source software, Closed Source software
Networking envirument
Eg: Sever Softwaew, Client Software
User functionality
Eg: Application Software, Development Software
4. 4
Open Source Software
Source code of the software, available to visible any
party.
Any knowledgable party can undestand internal
structure of the software and how to it's implementation
done.
5. 5
Closed Source Software
Software distribute only with binary code.
Source code remain as intellectual property of the
developer or authorised person or company.
Due to source code invisibility any party(whith out
developer) can't cleary undestand internal structer and
how to implement end task of the software.
7. 7
History of the open source software
In 1960
Software provide freely with bundled of
hardware devices.Cost is effect only
hardware.
Source code available and no restriction or
copyrightes to change or distribute.
8. 8
In 1970
Main company in computer industry stopped,
suppling free software.
Person of the idustry consider software as
intellectual property.
Stopped providing source code. Provided only
bineries with copyright restriction.
9. 9
Because of this new trends it introduce new cencept
for software industry.
Software licenses : Contract agreement between
owener and user
Trade secretes of ownering parties.
Patents used to protect the idea behind software.
Employee contract agreement with companies for
there producing software.
10. 10
Due to this new situation of the software industry,
meny of the knowledgable users (Students, Academics,
Universities, Idependent Developers)Become faced huge
deficulties in there fields.
Unsatisfied software solution for there individual
requirement.
Unfix bug and malfunction.
Can't improving and extending for there requirement.
High cost
Copyright restriction.
11. 11
To Resolve this problems some groups
produce there own software for there specific
requirnment.
Eg: BSD Unix – created by computer reserch
group of university Backely.
12. 12
In 1980
Richard Stallman was programmer in
Massactusets Institute of Technology
Artificial intelligency lab, step forward
against the software industry situation by
using community based social movement call
FREE SOFTWARE FOUNDATION GNU
Project.
13. 13
In 1990
Bill Jolitz finished reimplementing BSD Unix
based free version call 386BSD. It used as based
to develop other free version of NetBSD,
FreeBSD, OpenBSD, DragenflyBSD etc.
Linus Torvalds university student of computer
science in Finland develop unix kernel called
Linux.
Linux Kernel and free software foundation's GNU
project altogether released compleate open source
operating system called GNU-Linux operating
system.
14. 14
Tim Berner-Lee invent the http protocal and
www (world wild web), making internet more
easily accessible and useful.
Richard Stallman Bill Jolitz Linus Torvalds Tim Berner-Lee
15. 15
In 1998 start new group of movement call open
source initiative. This OSI license terms more
''business friendly'' than free software. They call it
is alternative of free software for business
purpose.
After that open source initiave and free software
foundation working with some project together
but move forward in different path ways.
16. 16
Open Source Software (OSI License)
– Opensource software is a computer software
which it's source code made available with a license,
provided by the copyright holder with given rights to
study change and distribute the software to any
person to any purpose without any restriction.
17. 17
Features of Open Souerce Software
Source code is avaliable.
Users should be agreed the license in which copyright provider given rights.
Can be use and distribute any person without restriction.
Can be use any purpose without limitation.
License can't distribute as viral nature.
Vender can't block or lock in the software.
Relatively low cost.
Relatively security level is high.
High quality software with lower rate of bug and malfunction.
18. 18
Open Source Initiative Licenses
Requirnment
Free distribution
Source code avaliable with the software
Allowed modification and derived work
Intrigrity of author's source code – To distribute the modification may
required patch files
No discrimination against people
No discrimination agenst fields of endeavour
Distribution with license
License not specific to product
License can't restrict other software distributed with this one
License is technology natural.No restriction for specific technology or
hardware.
19. 19
Free Open Source Software
Execute the software program without restriction.
Study the source code and able to change it.
Distribute copies without restriction.
Freely distribute changes of the software as new
version.
20. 20
Features of FOSS
Nobody can't estimate the cost for sourcecode
Totally free or low cost
Changes with new software version should be release
and distributeterms of original software licenses
License distribute as viral nature
22. 22
Continuity of OSS and FOSS
Foundation codes created by free of charge by some
groups and communities.
Developer maintain repository for distribution and
maintain software.
Any body has a knowledge can be understand internal
structure of the executable software.
Knowledgable person can be change and modify the
source code for improve the end task.
23. 23
Anybody developed new modification can be release and
distribute as new version or mutant (fork) of sorce software.
If the maintainers of origenal source software, accept these
modification they release patches for new version.
These activities continually done cyclicly in OSS and FOSS
environment and it cause to rapid development of the software.
28. 28
GNU / Linux Operating System
After Linus Torvalds developed linux kernel, fulfill remaning
missing part of FSF GNU project's free opensource operating
system.
A new system call GNU / Linux operating system distribute with
GNU's Free software license.
Since first release of GNU / Linux operating system, due to it's
rapid development nature, many derivatives and mutent (fork)
develop for different technologies as the embedded systems.
29. 29
Desktop & laptop operating system
Server operating system – Web, Mail, DNS & other network servers
Router, Firewall, Accesspoint like devices
Smart communication devices – smart phone, Tab, Watches, Patient
protacting system
Household appliences – smart Tv, motion detacting camera, refrigerator
Super Computers
Smart vehicles – AGL Project
30. 30
Update & Package Distribution in Linux
Compress source code or individual software package
installing ,configuring, building ,updating should be done manualy.
Package managers
Package management system is a collection of software tools that
automates the process of installing ,upgrading ,configuring and
removing computer programs for a computer oprating system in a
consistent manner.
31. 31
There can be divided four basic categoris of package management file
formats in Linux .
dpkg - deb Fomat
eg : Ubuntu ,Linux mint ,Dabian & its derivatives
ebuld -
eg : Gentoo & its derivatives
PET -
eg : Puppy linux & derivatives
RPM -
eg : Redhat ,Fedore ,CentOS ,Suse Linux
32. 32
Application for Linux Based OS
General Purpose Application
Office Work – Open Office
2D Graphics & Photo edting – Gimp
Web browsing – Firefox ,Chrome
Ebook reading – xpdf
Virtual OS using – Virtual box
3D Graphics and animation – Blender
Video player – VLC , Totem videos
Web cam recoding – Cheese
Cd ,Dvd burning – Brasero
Audio Editing – Audacity
Video Editing – Open shot
Desktop recording – Handbreak, Record my desktop
Windows app using - Wine
33. 33
Specific purpose (special fields) application
There are many specific purpose free open source
Application can be install in linux based operating systems.
Engineering field
Architectural and planing
Software developing
Web developing
Sound and music composting
Educational and learning
