Introduction to planning techniques

1. Planning Techniques
Introduction

2. Conducting & Reading Research
Baumgartner et al
What is techniques?
A skillful means of achieving one’s
objectives.
What is Planning Techniques?
 Planning techniques are the skillful
means of achieving planning objectives
i.e. plan preparation
Chapter 10

3. Techniques used for
planning
For process or and
For each steps of process
Techniques in Planning

4. Planning Process
 Identification of need
 Formulations of goals, aim and objectives
 Data collections - planning surveys
 Data processing and analysis - planning analysis
 Data presentation - planning communications
 Forecasting – planning models
 Considerations of approaches (inclusive planning), Statutory
Obligations, peoples participation
 Draft plan formulation with alternative plans
 Final plan - report and maps,
 Plan approval process (Centralised, decentralised)
 Plan implementation process
 Review and monitoring of plan (Plan monitoring parameters)
 Evaluation, feedback and revision of plan

5. S
Source: URDPFI 2015

6. Identification of Need
Reconnaissance Survey
Discussions with Stakeholders
Major Secondary Data and its
Analysis

7. Source: URDPFI 2014

8. Formulations of Goals, Aim
Broad and general statement as Goal
and Aim
It indicates the decisions of the policy
makers, aspirations of the people and
needs of the community

9. Objectives Formulation
It is a conceptual structure within which plan is
to be prepared or any planning decision is to be
taken
It constitutes the blue print for the collection and
analysis of data
Objectives are specific statements indicating
the ways and means of achieving the set aims
taking into account the potentials

10. Planning Surveys
For the preparation of any
development plan of an urban area,
town or village requires reliable factual
data.
The process of collecting such data
for preparation of plan is called a
Planning survey.

11. Basic Planning Data Required
For existing physical and socio-
economic conditions
Such as housing, transport,
industries, employment and
social services such as schools,
hospitals and recreational
facilities.

12. Data Collection Techniques
Primary Data Collection Techniques
Secondary Data Collection
Techniques

13. Primary Data
Developed/gathered by the
planner specifically for a
particular planning purpose or
for a particular plan preparation.

14. Secondary Data
Information that has previously
been gathered by someone other
than the planner and/or for
some other purpose than the
planning purpose or project.

16. Basic Planning Surveys
1. Preparation of base maps
2. Reconnaissance survey
3. Existing land use survey
4. Building use survey
5. Density survey
Residential density
Accommodation density
Population density
Non- residential density

17. Basic Planning Surveys
6. Socio-economic survey
Household survey
7. Social infrastructure survey
Survey of community facilities
8. Physical infrastructure survey
Utilities and services survey
9. Traffic and transportation survey

18. Analytical Techniques
Carrying Capacity for Urban and
Regional planning
Threshold Analysis
Projection Techniques
Population Projection
Economic Projection
Assessment of Requirement of Housing

19. Gaps and Projections
 Existing demand and supply on the basis of the available
infrastructure and facilities for the populations serving
 Development of settlement requires more provision of
infrastructure to support residents and economic activities
 Population projections can be carried out based on past
trends, employment and induced growth (of the future
proposed economic activity of the land)
 Economic projections on the basis of the employment
requirement for the populations and the types of sectors
going to come.

21. Plan Formulation
Based on available planning
techniques, planning theories
and principles, norms and
standards ‐ multiple alternatives
of urban planning concepts must
be prepared

22. Mapping
Scale of Map
Map Information Checklist
Procedure of Collecting Data
Base Map & Development Plan Preparation
Base map features
Plan formulation through Remote Sensing &
Geographic Information System
Bhuvan GeoPortal for Planning