The problem of every teenager which may be lead to depression in some cases

1. ACNE VULGARIS
THE PROBLEM OF EVERY TEENAGER
BY
MALEEHA
FATIMA

2. WHAT IS ACNE VULGARIS?
Acne vulgaris is a common chronic skin inflammatory
disorder of the pilosebaceous
unit. Acne vulgaris is the
medical name for common acne.
It usually affects nearly 80%
of persons at some time
between the ages of 11 & 30
years but generally acne occurs
in younger age because of earlier puberty. It results
in disfigurement & permanent scarring. It can have
serious adverse effects on psychosocial development,
resulting in emotional problems, withdrawal from
society & depression.

3. There are six types of acne:
1.Whiteheads
2.Blackheads
3.Papules
4.Cysts
5.Nodular
6.Pustules
The first two types are non-inflammatory. These
types of acne are usually easier to treat while the
last four types are considered as inflammatory acne
as these are difficult to treat.
TYPES OF ACNE VULGARIS

4. WHITEHEADS
These are clogged follicles
covered by a thin layer of
skin that appear as white
bumps or spots. They remain
under the skin’s surface.
Whiteheads are also known as
closed comedones. It is
important to note that
whiteheads can’t be removed
or fixed by squeezing them,
so don’t try to pop them on
your own.

5. These are caused when pores are
clogged due to debris & oil buildup.
Blackheads look black on the skin’s
surface. The black marking isn’t
from dirt or infection but it is due
to the sebum which oxidizes at the
surface. They are known as open
comedones because the head of
the pore remains open, while the
rest of the pore is clogged.
Blackheads can be removed by
squeezing, although that’s not
recommended because it can cause
scarring.
BLACKHEADS

6. PAPULES
➢inflamed lesions & blemishes
➢appear as red or pink bumps
➢visible on the skin’s surface
➢small
➢tender
➢sensitive

7. CYSTS
➢very large
➢inflamed lesions
➢severe form of pimple
➢painful
➢soft
➢pus-filled lumps under the skin’s surface
➢clearly visible on the surface of the skin
➢most difficult acne to treat

8. NODULAR
➢large
➢inflamed lesions
➢serious type of acne
➢painful lumps
➢hard
➢flesh or red colored bumps
➢deep under the skin’s surface
➢clearly visible on the skin surface

9. PUSTULES
These are small to fairly large, inflamed,
bulging bumps which is red at their base &
have pus at the top. These are clearly
visible on the surface of the skin. Popping
pustules may cause the bacteria to spread,
so don’t try to pop or squeeze them.

10. MICROORGANISM BEHIND ACNE VULGARIS
Cutibacterium acnes or
Propionibacterium acnes
is a gram-positive, human
skin commensal that
prefers anaerobic growth
conditions & is involved in
the pathogenesis of acne.
It is a pimple causing
bacteria which lives on
the skin & contributing to
the inflammation &
infections by converting
the sebum (skin oil) into
fatty acids.
Under light
microscope
Under scanning
electron
microscope

11. CAUSES OF ACNE VULGARIS
➢Excess sebum (oil) production
➢Hair follicles clogged by oil & dead skin
cells
➢Keratinization (shedding dead skin cells)
➢Bacteria
➢Excess activity of androgen hormone
➢Stress
➢Certain medication (such as drugs
containing corticosteroids, testosterone
or lithium)
➢Diet (chocolate, skim milk,
carbohydrate rich foods)

12. IS THERE ANY
DIFFERENCE
BETWEEN ACNE &
PIMPLE?

13. ACNE
It is a skin disease
represented by follicular
papules or comedones
that in extreme cases
may contain pus. It is
developed when the
follicles are blocked. It
is more deeply rooted.
It is seen in children
during puberty. It is
usually comes with a
genetic predisposition
but many other factors
are also involved.
It is a skin lesion that
takes on a rounded,
somewhat bumpy
appearance. It often
results when the pores
of the skin is blocked.
These are small, red,
inflamed & infected
plugged oil glands,
sometimes filled with
pus. They appear on the
skin surface. It is one
of the symptoms of
acne.
PIMPLE