24th july,2019 daily global regional and local

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1420 Varieties, 25 Years: Meet the Man Rescuing
India’s Rice Diversity From Extinction
Deb, though no agriculturist by training, was
bothered with the apathy of the then agri-scientists
who found it of no consequence that the native rice
was dying out. They, in fact, promoted high
yielding and hybrid varieties instead.by Jovita
AranhaJuly 23, 2019, 3:46 pm
In the 1990s when Debal Deb was working with
India‘s largest conservation NGO in Kolkata, he
recalled how the country boasted of more than
1,10,000 folk or native varieties of rice until the
advent of the Green Revolution in the late 1960s.
In the two decades that followed, this number
dropped to less than 7,000.
Why? The Green Revolution witnessed policy makers, agri-scientists and Indian farmers
abandon landraces and chase high yielding varieties so much so that at some point, more than 75
per cent of India‘s rice production was coming from less than 10 varieties.
As an ecologist, Deb was rattled by this culling of rice varieties native to India.
―Every time a tiger or a rhino or any charismatic big animal was killed, millions of dollars poured in to
support conservation efforts. But nobody batted an eyelash witnessing a massive genocide of our
traditional rice varieties,‖ Deb says in an interview with The Better India (TBI).
Deb, though no agriculturist by training, was bothered with the
apathy of the then agri-scientists who found it of no
consequence that the native rice varieties were dying and were,
in fact, actively promoting high yielding and hybrid varieties
instead.
Thus, in the early 1990s, Deb set out on the field to document
the varieties that were left in Bengal. Though 5,500 native
varieties were officially documented from West Bengal, over his
journey spanning three years, he was able to collect only 350.
________________________________________

Sometimes on foot and mostly on the rooftops of buses, Deb travelled to remote, unirrigated villages,
untouched by the perils of the Green revolution, and populated with marginal farmers.
Most of the farmers couldn‘t afford chemical fertilisers, pesticides or pump sets for irrigation. So they
cultivated the native varieties of rice that required none of these ‗inputs‘.
Every time he reached a village and asked for a fistful of grains, he pleaded them to never stop cultivating
the indigenous rice.
Over the past 25 years, this rice warrior has collected more than
1,420 native rice varieties from 12 states across India. He also
collected a few varieties from countries like Bangladesh, Sri
Lanka, Pakistan, Thailand, Korea, the
Philippines and Italy.
Apart from starting a one-of-its-kind
open-access seed bank—Vrihi, for
farmers, he also cultivates each of the 1,420 rice varieties on a 1.7 acre model
farm, Basudha, that he set up at the foothills of Niyamgiri in Odisha.
The Beginning
Conserving seeds. Source: Facebook/Debal Deb/Photographed by Zoe Savitz
When he started his conservation journey, Deb distributed these varieties at the doorsteps of Bengali
farmers hit by the drought in 1998, flash floods and later cyclone Aila in 2009 which swept 20,000
hectare of land out of production in the Sunderbans.
But he was shocked at what the farmers did when farming activities resumed.
―All modern hybrid varieties had perished and these native varieties were the only ones that not only
survived but also furnished substantial grain yield. But what was heartbreaking was, once the drought or
cyclone had passed, the same farmers who were saved from hunger by these native varieties abandoned
them to go back to modern varieties. They had no value for the native seeds, because they were getting it
for free.‖
When Deb travelled to the Chinsurah Rice Research Station to
donate some of these varieties, they rejected his offer. He then
approached the Director of Agriculture at the station who ridiculed
him,
―Being a scientist yourself, why are you trying to get the old seeds
back? Do you want to push our farmers to the caveman‘s age?‖
Despite reiterating that these traditional varieties could yield in
marginal land and climatic conditions, where no modern varieties
could survive, the Director told him, they would work on transgenic
varieties to tackle this.
This is one of the prime reasons that, till date, Deb has never reached out to any government or private
institute to fund his work.
Transplanting. Source: Website/cintdis.org
Jaded by the lack of support, Deb quit his extremely well paying senior position in Kolkata as a Senior
Project Officer in 1996 with the World Wilde Fund for Nature (WWF) Eastern Region.
He then started Basudha, to conserve, grow, multiply and distribute these seeds himself. His work is
mostly funded by good samaritans who believe in his vision.

While he initially spent almost two decades working in Bengal, he shifted base to
Odisha a decade ago.
―There were only very few exceptions among farmers in Bengal who understood and
accepted the intrinsic value of the native varieties. Majority of them were victims to
the ‗develop-mentality‘ where all they thought about was immediate gains and
profits. After shifting to Odisha, we saw a good response. Apart from Odisha,
farmers from Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Karnataka also appreciated the
intrinsic value of the native seeds and gave preference to its aroma, nutritional
properties, heritage and flavour, over its yield and market price.‖
Deb, who is an Indian Institute of Science alumnus and a former Fulbright Scholar at the University of
California, Berkeley, US, adds how money was a big challenge in the beginning because he was new to
the field and had no regular income flowing in. Yet he doesn‘t charge the farmers a penny for the seeds.
―On principle, I do not charge anything for the seeds that I give to farmers, because those seeds are not
my invention. I am only a custodian of the seeds. I share them freely because I want to reinstate the
traditional system of sharing seeds as opposed to the market system of selling them at exorbitant prices.‖
To ensure this, he created a living seed bank, Vrihi.
Source: Facebook/Debal Deb/Photographed by Zoe Savitz
―At national and international gene banks, many varieties are dried to reduce
their moisture content below 14 per cent and then stored at -20 degree Celsius, to
increase their shelf life. Considering the period during which these gene banks
were set up, most of these seeds have surpassed their shelf life. They are dead
because they were never cultivated on a field and allowed to germinate. I have
visited these gene banks and firsthand witnessed thousands of packets of these
dead seeds. It is more of a gene morgue than a gene bank,‖ says Deb.
According to Deb, about 20 per cent of the varieties in these seed banks are still alive and even those are
inaccessible to the ordinary farmers as big seed corporations have easy access to them.
Vrihi was a protest against this injustice to the ordinary farmer.
While these native varieties are distributed free of cost in half kg packets, the rules are very clear. Farmers
who take these packets from Vrihi, have to cultivate them, return one kg next year as proof of cultivation,
and later pass the seeds on to other farmers. The rice grown from these seeds can be a commercial
product. But the seeds can never be sold. They have to be shared for free only with farmers, not with
government institutions or seed corporations.
Most heirloom varieties if not cultivated, lose their germination ability after one year. So you have to
plant them and ensure their growth is monitored. This not only helps keep the variety alive but also helps
it evolve and develop resistance to the changing climate, strains of pests and pathogens.
And so, Deb cultivates each of them, every year at the Basudha farm.
Purity Maintenance
Source: Facebook/Debal Deb/Photographed by Zoe Savitz
After six years of field-testing he has devised a method that allows him to plant each of these varieties
within the 1.7 acres of Basudha while ensuring that the genetic purity of each of these heirloom varieties
is maintained and no cross-pollination occurs between two varieties, planted next to each other.
He spends 12 days and nights each year to merely design and map the manner in which the varieties
would be planted. Deb published his methodology in the open-access Current Science journal in July
2006, and in his book to make the information accessible to farmers.

Basudha is the only farm in India which prides itself over the genetic purity it maintains in the seeds
distributed to farmers.
We assess 56 morphological characters of the plant of each variety, from the leaf length and width, leaf
colour, node colour, grain colour and weight, kernel colour and so on, to ensure it matches the original
variety. We go the extra mile so that the farmer who takes these seeds from Basudha is taking home the
same variety that I conserved 25 years ago. Basudha is the only place in India, that is maintaining this
level of genetic purity.
A Treasure Trove
Imparting teachings. Source:Website/Cintdis.org
When asked to shed light on some of the most iconic
varieties he has preserved, Deb says, ―To me, every single
variety has a unique property. We are the last repository for
many of these varieties.‖ For example, the Sateen that has
three kernels in most of the spikelets.
―The farmer who gave this to me passed away after which,
his son did not cultivate it. Monsanto, the seed corporation,
tried to acquire the variety grown in my farm, but I refused
to let them do so.‖
Another example is Jugal, the double-grain rice variety.
Ramigali from Chhattisgarh has sterile lemmas elongated
as wing-like appendages. Kharah from Odisha is another
unique landrace with purple stems and leaves.
Source:Slideshare.net/DebalDeb/vrihiSource:Slideshare.net
/DebalDeb/vrihi
Another variety includes grains which have natural silver
content. Effective in killing gut microbes, it is considered to
have properties to cure gastrointestinal diseases. There are
86 varieties which are very rich in iron. A single meal of
any of these can be beneficial to pregnant women and new
mothers who face iron-deficiency and may suffer from anemia.
Similarly, there are varieties rich in zinc, antioxidants and omega-3 fatty acids too.
Vrihi also has 16 native varieties that can out-yield modern hybrids without any agro-chemical inputs!
Hundreds of farmers visit Deb every year with the purpose of exchanging and borrowing seeds. Last year,
Basudha saw more than 1,900 farmer footfalls. The year before, this number was 2,000. This year too, a
group of 30 highly motivated farmers from Tamil Nadu will be visiting Deb to take 1,000 native varieties
of rice.
Deb also imparts the training to grow these varieties to maintain their genetic purity. While success for
the multiplication of each variety seems like an uphill task, he hopes this exchange will
help carry forward the tradition of preserving at least 500 of these varieties.
Let‘s hope Deb continues to create these little pockets of hope and inspire many more
warriors to join in the battle to preserve our wealth of native crop varieties!
If this story inspired you, get in touch with Deb on cintdis@hotmail.com
Or visit http://cintdis.org/ to know more about his work.
(Edited by Saiqua Sultan)

Written by Jovita Aranha
A lover of people, cats, food, music, books & films. In that order. Binge-watcher of The Office &
several other shows. A storyteller on her journey to document extraordinary stories of ordinary
people.
FBI Director: China Main Culprit in Intellectual
Property Theft Probes
By Masood Farivar
July 23, 2019 01:12 PM
Report updated at 7:45 p.m., July 23, 2019.
The FBI has more than 1,000 active investigations into attempted theft of U.S. intellectual
property, with nearly all involving China, FBI Director Christopher Wray said Tuesday,
underscoring a previous designation of China as the No. 1 counterintelligence threat to the
United States.
"I would say that there is no country that poses a more severe counterintelligence threat to this
country right now than China," Wray told members of the U.S. Senate Judiciary Committee.
Wray, who has warned about the Chinese threat in similarly stark terms during past
congressional testimony, described it as "deep and diverse and wide and vexing" in terms of
Beijing's use of operatives, techniques and targets. The warning comes as the Trump
administration is waging a trade war with China in part over complaints China engages in
rampant intellectual property theft both in the United States and abroad.
"And so, we're working extremely hard with all of our partners to combat it," he said. "But make
no mistake, this is a high priority for all of us."
U.S. businesses targeted by China run the gamut both in size and industry type, ranging from
small high-tech startups to agriculture companies, Wray said.
Last year, two Chinese rice researchers were charged in a conspiracy to steal highly proprietary
rice seeds developed by Colorado-based Ventria Bioscience.
U.S. intelligence officials have long sounded the alarm about China's stepped-up espionage
activities as part of an effort to solidify its global economic dominance. In its latest worldwide
threat assessment, the U.S. intelligence community said in January that China "remains the most
active strategic competitor responsible for cyber espionage against the U.S. government,
corporations, and allies."
Increasingly, China uses what the FBI calls "nontraditional collectors" such as businessmen,
scientists, academics and graduate students to gather intelligence, Wray said. With the

Communist Party of China spreading its tentacles throughout Chinese society, the traditional
lines between public and private sector actors have been blurred, if not eliminated, complicating
counterespionage efforts.
"The difference between the Chinese government and the Chinese Communist Party, not really a
difference," the FBI director said. "The difference between the Chinese government and its
private sector is not really a difference."
FBI Director Christopher Wray testifies before the Senate Judiciary Committee on Capitol Hill
in Washington, July 23, 2019.
To combat Chinese espionage, the Justice Department unveiled an initiative last November that
would "identify priority Chinese trade theft cases" and ensure they're investigated and
prosecuted.
The China initiative is led by John Demers, who leads the Justice Department's national security
division. In recent months, the department has announced a number of indictments of Chinese
nationals as part of the effort.
Wray, as well as several committee members, expressed concern that U.S. universities remain
vulnerable to Chinese economic espionage. The Chinese have "created pipelines" at U.S.
universities that allow them to steal and funnel to China key intellectual property "for the
advancement of its various strategic plans."
"The irony is that the U.S. is essentially funding that economic resurgence through grants," Wray
said.
Sen. John Kennedy, a Republican from Louisiana, said universities aren't doing enough to
protect their sensitive research against Chinese sleuthing.
"If we're relying on a university to do it, my guess is a lot of them don't know how, and frankly,
some of them probably don't care, as long as they're getting the tuition," Kennedy said.
Wray said that he and other FBI officials have met with various universities and research labs
around the country to help them "understand the nature of the threat (and) what to be on the
lookout for."
https://www.voanews.com/usa/fbi-director-china-main-culprit-intellectual-property-theft-probes
Secretive and colorful dryas monkey isn’t as rare as
once thought
by Nina Finley on 23 July 2019
 In 2014, biologists discovered a population of critically endangered dryas monkeys
(Cercopithecus dryas) living 400 kilometers (250 miles) south of their only known range in the
Democratic Republic of Congo.

 Multi-level camera traps revealed that these stealthy monkeys are more common — and a lot
weirder — than previously thought. They digest young leaves, snuggle up in impenetrable vine
thickets, and sometimes boast an outrageous blue behind.
 In 2019, the IUCN downgraded their conservation status to endangered, and scientists are
predicting a potentially positive future for the dryas.
On a July day in 2014, biologists Henri Silegowa and Jean Pierre Kapale were buying rice in
Bafundo, a village in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, when they noticed a dead
monkey about to be cooked as bushmeat. In seven years of surveying the region‘s primates,
neither they nor their colleagues at the Lukuru Foundation‘s TL2 Project had laid eyes on a
monkey like this.
―We were inside the fenced compound of a local woman, buying rice for our patrol teams,
when I saw this tiny monkey hanging off the side of the kitchen. I‘d never seen anything like
it, and the woman said she did not know its name,‖ Silegowa recalls.
The specimen was a small female, the size of a housecat. Her black face was cushioned in
lushrusset fur and haloed by a white diadem. She had a pale blue rump. The hunter, when
Silegowa tracked him down, called the monkey inoko. He‘d traded the carcass for a few
measures of rice.
John Hart, scientific director of the TL2 Project, described her as ―beautiful,‖ a ―miniscule
little animal.‖

Henri Silegowa and Jean Pierre Kapale noticed this mysterious monkey hanging in Bafundo, a village in
the Democratic Republic of Congo. In seven years of studying the region‘s primates, they‘d never seen
anything like it. Image courtesy of Henri Silegowa.
At first, Silegowa and Hart thought the monkey might be new to science.
―I checked our field guides, and couldn‘t find anything that matched the photo we had of
the inoko,‖ Silegowa says. ―There was not a single monkey in the field guide with that black
face rimmed by orange, and with blue buttocks.‖
Hoping for more information, the TL2 Project posted a photo of the mystery monkey on
its blog. Comments trickled in from researchers as far away as Japan and the U.S.,
identifying it as the dryas monkey (Cercopithecus dryas), the smallest member of the genus
of monkeys known as guenons. The species was first described in 1932 by a German
zoologist, Ernst Schwarz, but it was only known from a tiny patch of forest in the Wamba-
Kokolopori region, nearly 400 kilometers (250 miles) to the northwest. Not surprisingly, at
the time, the IUCN classified the species as critically endangered.
The revelation struck Silegowa as a ―big surprise.‖
―We knew we had found something special,‖ he says.
So how did this little dryas monkey end up hanging as bushmeat in Bafundo?
Bafundo sits in the Congo Basin, the world‘s second-largest tropical rainforest, on the border
of Lomami National Park. The region is a sparsely populated wilderness known as TL2 for
the three rivers — Tshuapa, Lomami and Lualaba — that drain it toward Africa‘s center.
The TL2 Project, founded in 2007, has discovered biological riches here including bonobos
(Pan paniscus), the striped giraffe-like animal known as the okapi (Okapia johnstoni), and
around 700 African forest elephants (Loxodonta cyclotis). In 2012, the team even stumbled
upon a species of monkey unknown to science, which they named lesula (Cercopithecus
lomamiensis).
The mysterious monkey‘s black face was encircled by a white diadem and wrapped in lush russet fur.
Image courtesy of Henri Silegowa.
When the bushmeat dryas appeared, the researchers had trouble believing this forest held yet
another surprise for them.
―At seven years in, they get this animal showing up dead in a village that they had no idea
was there!‖ says Daniel Alempijevic, a graduate student at Florida Atlantic University who
works with the TL2 Project. ―The big surprise was, how has this [monkey species] been
going under the radar for so long now?‖
Camera trap mission
Alempijevic came in to tackle that question by setting updozens of ―multi-strata‖ camera
traps in Lomami National Park and its buffer zone. Nobody knew where to look for the
dryas, so he and his mentor, Kate Detwiler, an anthropologist at Florida Atlantic University,
decided to place cameras on the ground, in the understory, and up in the canopy, sometimes
at a dizzying 30 meters (100 feet) high.
In the first month, not one of his cameras caught a dryas, but in the second round his
persistence was rewarded with a few tantalizing seconds of video.

―That first time we got one on a camera, I was just thrilled,‖ Alempijevic says. ―After that,
they just started trickling in. Now, it‘s actually not an irregular sighting in the understory. It‘s
one of the more common monkeys we‘re getting in that stratum.‖
An innovative strategy of placing camera traps at multiple levels in the forest has earned
researchers an hour-and-a-half of footage of the elusive dryas monkey. This video collage
includes the highlights. Video courtesy of Daniel Alempijevic/Primatology Lab/Florida
Atlantic University, Ephrem Mpaka and Koko Bisimwa/TL2 Inoko Project/Frankfurt
Zoological Society.
Camera trap results show that dryas monkeys rarely venture up to the canopy, and the
cameras have yet to catch them on the ground. Their preferred habitats are dense, swampy
vine thickets in the understory, especially gaps where an old tree has fallen and dragged its
tangle of woody lianas and skin-ripping rattans down with it.
―It is a really difficult environment to penetrate,‖ Alempijevic says. ―Total bushwhacking to
get in. Lots of spines. I‘m still pulling rattan spines out of my skin from a year ago!‖
This might explain how dryas monkeys have evaded human notice for so long. But now,
thanks to the cameras, scientists have accumulated a total of an hour-and-a-half of footage.
―We‘re seeing so much more on the cameras than we could ever see with our eyes,‖
Alempijevic says.

Portrait of a monkey
Researchers are piecing together a portrait of the dryas monkey as a master of stealth with a
taste for leaves and an outrageous blue butt. Unlike other guenons, which make exuberant
leaps and booming calls, dryas move silently. They whisper, murmur, chuckle and chirp.
―In all our camera trap videos of this thing, we don‘t have them making any calls we could
use to locate them. That adds to their cryptic nature,‖ Hart says.
Think of the dryas as that annoying little sister who wins every game of hide-and-seek by
contorting herself into a nook where nobody would think to look, then stays hidden for hours
after the game has ended to make sure she‘s won.
Hart describes the most recent encounter with this ―hunker-down monkey,‖ in March 2019.
The TL2 Project patrol came upon a single monkey on the forest floor. It vanished in a blur,
then ―snuggled right up into the vine thicket,‖ becoming an invisible furball. No running
away. No alarm calls.
―We spent over half an hour there, but the monkey would not move,‖ recalls Aimedo Onale,
a member of the patrol. ―We knew where it was, but we could not see it. Finally, I asked the
machete man to climb nearby and shake the lianas to get the monkey to move, so we could
get a photo.‖
After 30 minutes of searching a vine thicket, Onale and his patrol team finally earned this snapshot of a

dryas monkey in their March 2019 encounter. Image courtesy of Terese Hart via Flickr (CC BY-NC-SA
2.0).
The patrollers had never seen this kind of monkey before. They were deep in Lomami
National Park, far from any previous sightings, but photos confirmed it was an adult male
dryas, once again popping up in an unexpected place.
That night, Onale sent a satellite message out to the TL2 Project team. It said simply, ―Inoko
ino‖ — dryas is here.
The dryas monkey is a master of avoiding human notice, but don‘t let that fool you into
thinking it has a drab fashion sense.
―When you get it in front of you, the coloration is just unbelievable. There‘s no monkey
that‘s so vividly colored,‖ Hart says.
The backside of a mature male dazzles like Fourth of July fireworks. A large patch of bare
skin gleams aquamarine under the tail, extending to the testicles. Above that, a smaller patch
of cherry-red skin highlights the anus. This colorful display is encircled by a ring of bright
white fur, contrasting nicely with the monkey‘s black limbs.
Hart recalls the first male dryas he saw.

―It was breathtaking. There was nothing like it in the field guides. The field guides remind
me of those renaissance statues that someone subsequently had to come and put the fig leaf
over. This thing is just — you can‘t miss it!‖
When Daniel Alempijevic started researching dryas monkeys in 2016, he needed to ask local
communities to report sightings of the species, but he had no photos of it alive, and he didn‘t want people
getting the idea that he wanted dead specimens. So he sketched this image of a dryas based on bushmeat.
Image courtesy of Daniel Alempijevic.
Not all males have the brilliant blue backside and testes. It might be age-related, hormonally
induced, or a signal of health or status within the group.
The monkey‘s diet was another surprise for researchers. Alempijevic calls it ―really strange.‖
Dryas eat insects, terrestrial mushrooms, and the green inner bark of lianas, but their favorite
food appears to be young leaves, an infamously difficult food to digest.
―They‘re eating a lot of herbaceous material, which is unusual for a small monkey,‖
Alempijevic says.
Some animals have evolved adaptations for digesting leaves, such as the goat‘s four
stomachs or the leafcutter ant‘s fungus gardens. Some large primates, like colobus and
proboscis monkeys, eat leaves too, but small monkeys usually rely on energy-dense foods
like fruits and insects. Just how the dryas extracts energy from its leafy diet remains a
mystery.
A positive future?
In January 2019, the IUCN downgraded the dryas monkey‘s conservation status from
critically endangered to endangered. Theworldwide population is still extremely small,
totaling 100 to 250 adults by IUCN estimates, but Hart predicts the number will rise. Neither
habitat loss nor hunting poses an existential threat at this time.
―[The dryas monkey] can‘t make it in an oil palm plantation as far as we know, but it‘s able
to sneak around and do pretty well in vine thickets on the edges of little towns,‖ Hart says.
The first male dryas monkey found by the TL2 Project was killed by a hunter and laid out on a mongongo
leaf, showing off its bright blue behind. Image courtesy of Daniel Alempijevic.
Dryas prefer forest disturbed by wind storms, floods and elephants. That evolutionary
preference is now working to their advantage, as humans dot the landscape with abandoned
gardens and fallow fields.
―We‘re actually finding more dryas monkeys around the edges of these abandoned gardens
than we are within the national park in protected sites,‖ Alempijevic says.
As for hunting, dryas avoid snares by staying off the ground, and they evade hunters‘ notice
with their small size and cryptic behavior.
―They don‘t seem to be a target for hunters. If a hunter opportunistically has a chance, they
will kill one, but they‘re not seeking them out like the larger-bodied primates,‖ Alempijevic
says.
Hart says he hopes more scientists will search for dryas, now that they know how to look for
it with camera traps, and work to conservethe pockets of forest where it lives. The goal, he
says, is to protect the habitat of these quiet, colorful monkeys, ―so they can continue to

hunker down and do their thing.‖

A rare photo of two dryas monkeys ―hunkering down‖ outside Bafundo village in 2016. The IUCN
downgraded the species‘ conservation status from critically endangered to endangered after a population
was discovered in Lomami National Park. Image courtesy of Pablo Ayali.
Article published by Erik Hoffner
Animals, Archive, Camera Trapping, Conservation, Critically Endangered Species, Endangered
Species, Environment, Interns, Mammals, Monkeys, Primates, Research, Wildlife, Wildlife Conservation
Mongabay.com Newsfeed
https://news.mongabay.com/2019/07/secretive-and-colorful-dryas-monkey-isnt-as-rare-as-once-thought/
UPDATE 2-Thai rice exporters cut 2019 target for
annual exports
Patpicha Tanakasempipat
JULY 24, 2019 / 9:20
* Thai rice exports set to fall further in 2019
* Exporters cite strong baht, ample global stockpiles
* Thailand faces cheaper rice from Vietnam, China
* Fears for next year‘s supply due to drought (Adds details, quotes, prices)
By Patpicha Tanakasempipat
BANGKOK, July 24 (Reuters) - Thailand‘s rice exporters on Wednesday lowered their target for annual
exports to 9 million tonnes from 9.5 million, after a sharp fall in first-half shipments due to a strong baht
and ample global stockpiles.
Thailand‘s rice exports from January to June fell 19.6% compared with the same period last year, the Thai
Rice Exporters Association said.
―With volumes of shipments consistently declining from January, our best performance would be 9
million tonnes,‖ Charoen Laothamatas, president of the exporters group, told reporters.
The new target is about 20% less than the 11.23 million tonnes that Thailand - the world‘s second-largest
rice exporter after India - shipped out in 2018. This year‘s volume is expected to be worth about $4.7
billion, down 17% from 2018.
Thailand has been losing market share to major rival Vietnam due to a rise in the Thai baht, Asia‘s best
performing currency, which earlier this month reached its strongest levels in more than six years.

Thailand‘s benchmark 5% broken white rice RI-THBKN5-P1 was quoted last week at around
$401-$402 a tonne on a free-on-board (FOB) basis, well above a similar grade from Vietnam,
which was quoted at $350 per tonne. RI-VNBKN5-P1
India‘s benchmark 5% broken parboiled variety RI-INBKN5-P1 was trading at around $374-
$377 per tonne.
LOST MARKETS
Thailand has also been facing competition from China, the world‘s biggest rice importer and
Thailand‘s No. 3 buyer last year, which nearly doubled its rice exports in the first half of 2019
from a year ago, said Chookiat Ophaswongse, the group‘s honorary president.
Flush with large state reserves, China has been selling stockpiles of ―old rice‖, which have gone
to African markets previously dominated by Thailand, he said.
A government-to-government deal that Thailand struck with Chinese state-owned food trader
COFCO in 2015 has also stalled due to China‘s ample rice supplies.
As of end-2018, Thailand had supplied 700,000 tonnes of rice to China as part of the deal for 1
million tonnes of the grain. Since then, there have been no new orders, Chookiat said.
Rice exporters are also concerned that low rainfall could cripple the next harvest after the Thai
government this week urged farmers to delay planting rice.
Drought has been declared in more than a dozen provinces in Thailand‘s main rice-growing
northern and northeastern regions, where rainfall was the lowest in 10 years.
―If rain doesn‘t come by August, it‘s a dire situation,‖ Charoen told reporters.
Thailand‘s main rice-growing season begins in May, the start of the rainy season, for harvest
between August and October. https://af.reuters.com/article/commoditiesNews/idAFL4N24P10C
Can we eliminate technical smuggling?
By BusinessMirror Editorial
July 24, 2019
The Philippines is dependent on foreign sources for oil and many food products. We import
huge quantities of food items such as rice, pork and chicken because local output is not
sufficient to meet demand.
On the other hand, the purchase of imported food items required by manufacturers and
consumers has allowed the government to generate income via the tariffs slapped on these

products. Tariffs and other charges imposed on imports form part of the government‘s revenue,
which funds its operations and programs.
Rice has become one of the most expensive food imports because traders now have to pay a
steep tariff rate. Meat products are also expensive, but the landed price will depend on the source
because the government now allows the purchase of these items from Southeast Asia at lower
tariffs. Those sourced from outside Asean are slapped steeper rates of 35 percent for pork and 40
percent for chicken.
Ideally, the government should be able to collect all the tariffs imposed on imported food items.
This is possible if both the importer and the origin of the food items declared the correct dutiable
value. Problems arise, however, when the right amount is not declared because of collusion
between the trader and the source of goods. Dubbed technical smuggling, this is a practice that
allows importers to pay lower duties and taxes for their undervalued imports.
Nongovernment organizations and other groups fighting smuggling claimed that the practice has
been going on for many years. Dr. Jesus Lim Arranza said the government loses an estimated
P200 billion a year due to smuggling. Despite this, no one has been apprehended or jailed for
engaging in technical smuggling. More often than not, what the public sees is the destruction of
smuggled goods. We hardly hear about smugglers getting punished for their misdeeds.
Technical smuggling is a serious problem, particularly at this time when funds that should
bankroll initiatives aimed at improving the competitiveness of farmers depend on the collection
of tariffs from rice imports. If government can‘t stop this practice in its fight against smuggling,
then it should consider abolishing tariffs on the staple and other food items that the country
imports in huge quantities. There‘s no point in continuing to impose tariffs on these food items if
the government can‘t collect the right amount and traders and corrupt officials are the ones
becoming richer, at the expense of local producers.
Allowing duty-free imports will make food items cheaper and will altogether eliminate
smuggling because there is no reason anymore to resort to such criminal activity. To offset
revenues lost from the removal of tariffs, government can raise the cost of securing import
permits (sanitary and phytosanitary), and also increase the rate of value-added tax. This will
make it less tedious for the Bureau of Customs to monitor shipments, as they will just document
incoming and outgoing cargoes.
If our economic managers reject these ideas, they must find ways to vigorously implement the
necessary reforms that will eliminate technical smuggling. In this day and age, when data is
readily available and technology makes it possible to easily communicate with foreign
governments, our officials have no reason why they can‘t validate the value of incoming
shipments.
The President has taken the first step by firing scores of corrupt government employees,
particularly at the Bureau of Customs. It is every Filipino‘s duty to help the President in his fight
against the scourge of corruption.
https://businessmirror.com.ph/2019/07/24/can-we-eliminate-technical-smuggling/

Cambodia’s Export Sector Is Booming, Thanks To
Travel Products
By A.N. Basil
Jul 24, 2019 02:59 PM
President of the ruling Cambodian People's Party (CPP) and Prime Minister Hun Sen attends a ceremony to
mark the 68th anniversary of the establishment of the party in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, June 28, 2019.(Photo:
REUTERS/Samrang Pring/File Photo)
It turns out many people trust Cambodia's reputation for manufacturing various travel goods as
the latest data revealed that exports within the January to May period surged by over 15 percent.
A large portion of the hike is attributed to travel goods orders.
According to the Khmer Times, the Ministry of Economy and Finance revealed that Cambodian
exports reached $5.3 billion. Imports also hiked by 21.5 to reach $8.2 billion. The U.S. is known
for importing woven apparel and footwear from the Asian country.
The ministry's report noted that the boom in Cambodian exports was propelled by solid travel
goods demand from the United States. While U.S. demand helped bolster exports in the sector,
diversification also helped in the change that Cambodian companies are experiencing.

"Accelerating business models, economic diversification, and the expansion of target markets are
enabling Cambodia to generate growth and alleviate pressure," the report pointed out.
It appears that Cambodian providers are starting to transition to diversified options in terms of
exporting. Just recently, the ministry lodged a petition to the White House to allow for a more
extensive scheme on footwear and fabrics.
Vice President of the Cambodia Chamber of Commerce, Lim Heng, stressed that diversifying the
country's products is the key towards gaining a stronger foothold in the global stage.
Lim further explained that diversification will help strengthen Cambodia's economy despite
global headwinds such as the China-U.S. trade war and rising tensions between Japan and South
Korea.
While the travel goods department seems to be doing great, the rice export sector is still testing
the waters after the European Union (EU) imposed tariffs on Cambodian rice products.
As part of the government's efforts in curbing the impact of reduced EU rice exports, Cambodia
increased its exports to China. In the first half of this year, rice exports to its co-Asian trading
partner saw a hike of 66 percent, the latest data revealed.
China was Cambodia's top rice buyer during the said period, as confirmed by the Secretariat of
One Window Service for Rice Export. But, it's not just Chinese buyers who have been helping
the Cambodian rice sector.
Cambodian Commerce Minister Pan Sorasak said over the weekend that to mark the two
countries' six decades of diplomatic relations, Indonesia is set to import ricefrom its Asian
counterpart sometime soon.
Local industry experts believe that Indonesian rice markets pose a massive opportunity for
Cambodian farmers to grab. The two sides are currently discussing the amount of rice to be
shipped. Most analysts are expecting shipments to kick off before the year ends.
https://en.businesstimes.cn/articles/115835/20190724/cambodia-s-export-sector-is-booming-
thanks-to-travel-products.htm
BSP: Inflation could slow to below 2% this quarter
July 24, 2019 | 12:33 am
INFLATION could settle below the official full-year target this quarter as food and oil prices
ease, BSP Governor Benjamin E. Diokno told reporters on Tuesday, citing ―base effects‖ due to
multi-year-high rates last year.
―Third quarter na tayo, so baka below two pa nga „yan because of the base effects (We‘re in the
third quarter, so it might settle below two percent because of the base effects),‖ Mr. Diokno said
at sidelines of a forum, also citing a ―significant‖ drop in oil prices as well as the cost of rice.
The central bank reported that inflation settled at the midpoint of its 2-4% target band
in the second quarter at three percent, coming from the 3.8% recorded in January-
March, helped by improved domestic food supply conditions.

BSP Deputy Governor Francisco G. Dakila, Jr. had said in a briefing last Friday that ―rice prices
declined with the ongoing harvest season and the continued arrival of imports.‖
President Rodrigo R. Duterte signed on Feb. 14 the law that liberalized rice importation by
removing the National Food Authority‘s import function and replaced quantitative restrictions on
the staple with tariffs: five percent for rice from within the Association of Southeast Asian
Nations (ASEAN); 40% for imports within the 350,000 metric-ton minimum access volume
(MAV), regardless of country; and 180% for above-MAV imports from non-ASEAN countries.
―Unless magkaroon ng (there is) severe El Niño, I don‘t think magi-increase „yung (there will be
an increase in the) price of food,‖ Mr. Diokno said yesterday.
Central bank officials on Friday said it expects inflation to ―decelerate close to the low end of the
target range‖ this quarter before settling close to the midpoint of the target over the medium
term.
Dennis D. Lapid, BSP Monetary Policy Sub-Sector officer-in-charge, downplayed the effects of
the ―mild‖ dry spell on food supply, saying the disturbance will not pose a ―huge‖ risk. ―It (El
Niño) might be a little better now because we‘ve liberalized the trade regime for rice. So you‘ll
now see response from the private sector if there will be a shortage in domestic supply,‖ Mr.
Lapid had said on Friday.
In its June 20 monetary policy meeting, the central bank revised its inflation forecast for this year
to 2.7% from the 2.9% penciled in May and to three percent from 3.1% for 2020, on expectations
of lower global oil prices and the peso‘s appreciation.
Also on Tuesday, Mr. Diokno said the BSP awaits second-quarter gross domestic product (GDP)
growth data to be reported in the morning of Aug. 8, hours before monetary authorities conduct
their fifth policy review for this year. ―We are going to look at the second-quarter GDP and look
at the sources of growth… such as strong investment growth,‖ he said. ―Consumption is a given
but we want it to be investment led.‖
The central bank chief has estimated that the economy grew by ―at least six percent‖ in the
second quarter on the back of improved government spending after President Rodrigo R. Duterte
signed into law the P3.662-trillion 2019 national budget and household consumption fueled by
slowing inflation. If realized, this estimate will be faster than the 5.6% growth posted in January-
March that was the economy‘s worst quarterly performance in four years.
The government said the economy will need to expand by an average of 6.1% over the next three
quarters to reach the floor of the full-year growth target of 6-7%.
The Development Budget Coordination Committee has maintained its gross domestic growth
target at 6-7% for this year, 6.5-7.5% in 2020 and 7-8% in 2021 and 2022. — Karl Angelo N.
Vidal
https://www.bworldonline.com/bsp-inflation-could-slow-to-below-2-this-quarter/
Duterte’s SONA and the failing PH agriculture

Jul. 23, 2019 LEO XL Y. FUENTES, JR.
President Rodrigo Duterte delivered his fourth State of the Nation Address (SONA) at the
Batasang Pambansa complex earlier this week. Out of the more than nine thousand word speech
of Duterte he only mentioned the word ‗agriculture‘ once.
Duterte‘s priority was clearly reflected on his speech, paying less attention to vital sectors such
as the Philippine agriculture. For the record he mentioned the words ‗girlfriend‘ thrice and
cursed words were noted twenty three times on that speech.
Though he highlighted two important industries in Philippine Agriculture: palay or rice and the
other one is the coconut, yet fell short on the solutions. Both of these agricultural industries are
in poor state as the past and present administrations‘ programs and policies were unsustainable,
corrupt-ridden and outright moronic.
Let us start with Duterte taking pride that he ratified RA 11203 or the Rice Tariffication Law,
which is best fitting to be called ―Rice Liberalization Law‖ for it is not just about tariffs but a
policy on liberalizing our rice industry.
Prior to the ratification of RA 11203, we already predicted its harshest impacts to Filipino
farmers. Our prediction was quite accurate, prices of Palay dropped after Rice Liberalization
Law was enacted. Farmers are suffering very-low prices of palay that is around P12-14/kilo,
while production cost in December 2018 data of Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA) was
pegged at P12.42/kg. Simple math can solve how our rice farmers are.
The Duterte administration is claiming that it is difficult for us to compete with Vietnam, since
our production cost is high. While it is true, yet the administration failed to look into the details
the reason for this high production cost.
According to data from UP Los Baños which Department of Agriculture pushed in 2009, the
income distribution in the rice economy are as follows: Land Rental 22%, Traders 30%, Dryer
and Miller 20%, Chemical Input and Land Preparation 18% and only 10% is the farmer‘s share.
Now if we are going to compare it with Vietnam who implemented a land reform, the supposed
land rental is automatically subtracted to the overall cost of production yielding 22% less in the
production cost. In terms of government subsidies the suppose Rice Competitiveness
Enhancement Fund (RCEF) or the money being collected from tariffs of rice imports that is
around P10 billion pesos or around USD 90 million a year is dismal as compared to government
subsidies given by Vietnamese government that is around USD 1 billion a year, much less than
that of Thailand that is around USD 7 billion a year.
With such failed and moronic agriculture programs, it is unsuprising to see Duterte on his SONA
paying less attention to agriculture, as you cannot talk something that you are not familiar with
or you failed to do.
The past three years of Duterte is already a failure in providing land to the farmers and sufficient
food to the Filipino people. If the policies of the Duterte regime will continue for his remaining
three years this will further the bankrupt state of Philippine agriculture.
http://davaotoday.com/main/todays-views/green-minded/dutertes-sona-and-the-failing-ph-agriculture/

Malnutrition costs Pakistan $7.5b annually
ISLAMABAD - Lack of food security and malnutrition in the country has strong economic
implications as malnutrition among children under 5, costs around US$ 7.5 billion or three
percent of GDP every year, a report of State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) said. The high child
mortality rates, prevalence of zinc and iodine deficiencies, stunting, and anemia, lead to deficits
in physical and mental development that weakens labor productivity and loss of future labor
force in the country. According to the report, US $2.24 billion is estimated as the loss of future
labour force resulting from under-5 mortality, US $ 1 billion is the estimated healthcare expense,
which the families incur to address diarrhea and respiratory infection among children, US $ 3.7
billion is the estimated cost of low labor productivity emanating from stunting, anemia or iodine
deficiencies in childhood, and US $ 657 million is the estimated cost of prevalence of chronic
weakness and fatigue among 10 million working adults with anemia experience. The report
further stated that ensuring food security within the country may entail large fiscal costs as
governments incentivized farm sector to ensure food self-sufficiency, and also resort to social
safety net programs (including direct transfers) to keep purchasing powers of poor population
intact. However, it warned that in case the food self-sufficiency is not achieved, the country has
to bear balance of payments cost to ensure food availability.
Pakistan is presently self-sufficient in major staples ranked at 8th in producing wheat, 10th in
rice, 5th in sugarcane, and 4th in milk production, despite that, only 63.1 percent of the country‘s

households are ―food secure‖, the report quoted. The survey incorporates the Food Insecurity
Experience Scale developed by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United
Nations.
Rice valuing US$2.96bn exported, grew by 1.6pc in
FY2018-19
Last Updated On 21 July,2019 08:41 pm
Exports of rice other then basmati reduced by 1.61% and about 3.346 million metric tons
ISLAMABAD (APP) – Rice exports from the county during preceding financial year witnessed
about1.6% growth as compared the exports of the corresponding period of last year.
During the period from July-June, 2018-19 bout 4,104,983 metric tons of rice worth US$2.096
billion exported as compared the exports of 4,096,446 metric tons valuing US$ 2.035 billion of
same period of last year, according the data released by the Pakistan Bureau of Statistics.
Meanwhile, during the period under review the exports of Basmati rice also grew by 9.87
percent.
During financial year ended on June 30, 2019, about 668,763metric tons of Basmati rice worth of
US$ 639.250 million exported as against the exports of 560,995 metric tons valuing US$581.847
million of same period of last year.

However, the exports of rice other then basmati reduced by 1.61% and about 3.346 million
metric tons rice valuing US$1.430 billion exported as compared the exports of 3.535 million
metric tons worth of US$1.453 billion of same period of last year.
On month on month basis, rice exports in month of June, 2019 was recorded at 284,670 metric
tons as compared the exports of 253, 731 metric tons of corresponding month of last year.
In June, 2019 country earned US$142.364 million as against US$145.734 million of same month
of last year. It may be recalled that food group exports from the country recorded about 3.93%
reduction in FY 2018-19.
https://dunyanews.tv/en/Business/501403-Rice-valuing-US$2.96bn-exported-grew-by-1.6pc-in-FY2018-
19
Customs Intercepts Rotten ‘Ponmo’, 9 Trucks Of Rice
In Lagos
July 23, 2019
By YUSUF BABALOLA
The Seme area command of the Nigeria Customs Service (NCS) said it has intercepted a truck
load of rotten hide and skin popularly known as ‗Ponmo‘.

This is even as the command said it also seized 5,204 bags of 50kg foreign rice, which
equivalent to nine trailers and 146 parcel of Indian Hemp smuggled into the country.
Addressing newsmen yesterday, the controller of the command, Compt. Mohammed Uba, said
the command also generated the sum of N4.4billion from January till date, representing 65 per
cent of the total allotted target revenue of the command and as well seized textiles worth
N419,396 million.
According to the CAC, the intensified operation of the enforcement unit of the command has
drastically reduced smuggling activities to the barest minimum. He said the duty paid value
(DPV) for the seized rice is over N70 million, while the street DPV for the 146 parcel of
cannabis was worth over N1.682 million.
According to him, other seizures made include; 13x50kg bags of sugar with DPV of N301,965,
1,078 cartons of poultry products worth N15,727,70, 55 cartons of spaghetti with DPV of
N212,924, 97 cartons of soap worth N619,820, 59 cartons of insecticides with DPV of
N761,365, 65×6 yards of textiles worth N419,396.
He said others are 17 sacks of used clothes/shoes worth N435,897, 4 cartons of tin tomatoes with
DPV of N29,179, 36 bales of used clothes N1,942,920, 60 pieces of used tyres with total DPV
N774,270, 669 packs of PVC carpet/foot mats worth N11,844,768, 2 cartons of cream with DPV
of N18,066.
He added that nine trucks placed on detention due to short payment, adding that a total five
vehicles had also been seized with duty paid value of N7,549,132, while the total DPV for the
whole seizures within the three weeks under review is N112,486,270.
https://leadership.ng/2019/07/23/customs-intercepts-rotten-ponmo-9-trucks-of-rice-in-lagos/
High cost of healthy food linked to stunting, new study
finds
By Teresa Welsh // 23 July 2019
A food market in Malawi. Photo by: IFPRI / CC BY-NC-ND
WASHINGTON — High prices of nutritious foods in low- and middle-income countries partly
explain high rates of undernutrition, according to new research from the International Food
Policy Research Institute.
Improving Nutrition
Explore Devex‘s dedicated news section with regular, editorially independent coverage of the
challenges, solutions, and innovations in nutrition, with financial support from our partner DSM.
While prior research has been conducted on the link between nutritious food prices and obesity, a
study conducted by IFPRI and published in the Journal of Nutrition on Tuesday is the first to
examine a link between food prices and undernutrition.
Researchers broke down caloric prices using World Bank income levels to examine associations
with dietary indicators for women and children, including under-5 stunting and adult overweight.
The richer a country gets, the cheaper healthier and nutrient-dense foods get, said Derek Headey,
a senior fellow at IFPRI. But unhealthy foods get cheaper, too.

―That finding is of importance because it has implications both for what we should be doing in
developing countries in terms of undernutrition, and that‘s trying to improve the food system so
that it delivers healthy foods more cheaply,‖ Headey said.
“People in developing countries don‟t just have poor income, they also live in poor food
systems.”
— Derek Headey, senior fellow, IFPRI
Researchers used food prices from the World Bank‘s International Comparison Program, a
statistical database used to measure cost of living around the world. The standardization of this
system allowed them to compare different varieties of the same food, like basmati rice versus
jasmine rice. Each of those would qualify as a separate food product among the 657 food
products examined in the study. Those foods were then put into 21 specific food groups that
could be measured against one another.
The study found that most noncereal foods were relatively cheap in high-income countries, but in
lower-income countries healthy foods were generally expensive, including animal-sourced foods
and fortified infant cereals. In seven of nine food groups, children were less likely to eat foods
with higher relative caloric prices. Higher milk prices were associated with a 2.8 percentage
point increase in stunting, while higher soft drink prices saw obesity rates drop by 3.6 percentage
points.
As countries develop, processed foods become cheaper, which plays a role in the choices people
make about what to eat, Headey said. Sugary foods decrease in price as large international food
companies expand distribution to LMICs countries. Access to nutritious food isn‘t just a matter
of someone‘s income, but the availability of such items in their local market when often the
healthiest foods are the most perishable.
―People in developing countries don‘t just have poor income, they also live in poor food
systems,‖ Headey said. ―Their dollar or their rupee or whatever doesn‘t go as far because the
foods that we really want them to eat, especially young children, are really expensive.‖
While it‘s not surprising that different foods would cost different amounts in different places
throughout the world, Headey said it‘s the depth of the disparities that are particularly striking,
such as in Africa, where milk and eggs are relatively expensive.
.
This is one reason that nutrition-sensitive agriculture is so important, Headey explained.
Managing costs across the food system allows people access to nutritious foods at more
affordable prices, and more emphasis must be put into agricultural investment in nutrient-dense
foods rather than staple foods, as well as bringing down the cost of fortified foods.
―We have a significant problem in that most of the history of investment in agricultural research
and development in poor countries has been focused on staple foods. And there‘s been good
rationale for that, poor people grow a lot of staple foods and they spend a lot of money of their
household budget on staple foods,‖ Headey said, noting that many approaches have been focused
on food security and poverty reduction.
―But the problem is that those staple foods are really not what young kids need to be fed. They
need to be fed nutrient-dense foods. Their mothers need to be eating these nutrient-dense foods.‖

High-income countries have been debating the merits and future of animal-based diets, but
animal proteins are often the best way for children to be eating this diversity of nutrients they
need, Headley said. He‘d like to see his research inform sensible nutrition interventions by
incorporating price considerations into program design so practitioners are taking into account
relative caloric prices.
―It‘s not going to be feasible for a woman to feed her child eggs if eggs are 10 or more times
expensive than rice. That‘s really important, to change the mindset of the role of prices, or you
might say the food system, in constraining nutritious behaviors,‖ Headey said. ―When we‘re
doing interventions [we need] to think about the consequences: Are we doing things that are
really going to make healthy foods more affordable?‖
This focus area, powered by DSM, is exploring innovative solutions to
improve nutrition, tackle malnutrition, and influence policies and funding.
Visit the Focus on: Improving Nutrition page for more.
Teresa Welsh
Teresa Welsh is a Reporter with Devex based in Washington, D.C. Prior to
joining Devex, Teresa wrote about Latin America from McClatchy's Washington Bureau and
covered foreign affairs for U.S. News and World Report. She worked as a reporter in Colombia,
where she previously lived teaching English. Teresa earned bachelor of arts degrees in
journalism and Latin American studies from the University of Wisconsin.
https://www.devex.com/news/high-cost-of-healthy-food-linked-to-stunting-new-study-finds-95336

'Centre should procure more from FCI to aid farmers'
Team
MP23 July 2019 10:47 PM
Kolkata: Pradip Majumdar, Advisor to Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee on Agriculture &
Allied Sectors, said on Tuesday that the Central procurement system should procure more from
the state through Food Corporation of India (FCI), for farmers to get optimum benefit. "Policy-
wise Bengal remains adept in maximising welfare for farmers, through crop diversification,
Bangla Shashya Bima Yojana (fully borne by the state government) and Bangla Sech Yojana for
micro irrigation practices. However, the Central procurement system should procure more from
the state through FCI for farmers to get the optimum benefit," Majumdar said at the Bengal Rice
Conclave, organised by Indian Chamber of Commerce. According to Majumdar, land usage is
very high in Bengal and the state
contributes to around 5 percent
of global rice production, higher
than the U.S, Latin America and
Africa taken together. "In a
surplus situation like this, it is
important to look at
commercially gainful disposal
methods of rice, so as to
maximise the benefits for paddy
growers," he added. He further
said that the state encourages
crop diversification, which is the
cultivation of crops other than
paddy such as oilseeds, pulses,
maize etc. in those lands which
are less conducive to rice
production, to ultimately cater to the greater good of the farmers. The focused deliberations in
the conference primarily centered around the rice production of the state, procurement process of
paddy across the state, mandi and market linkage in paddy sector in Bengal at district and village
levels, marketing, branding, storage and supply of the rice to processors, rice millers, traders,
retailers and exporters across the value chain. Experts opined that water efficient varieties of rice
should be cultivated with use of technology for better cultivation amid water shortage.
http://www.millenniumpost.in/kolkata/centre-should-procure-more-from-fci-to-aid-
farmers-365058

A Lot to Learn at NELA Row Rice Field Day
By Kane Webb
MER ROUGE, LA -- Last week, growers in Louisiana's northeast rice country gathered here at
Jason Waller's farm for the Northeast Louisiana (NELA) Row Rice Field Day. Along with
updates from Louisiana State University (LSU) AgCenter personnel, Dr. Dustin Harrell kicked
off the event with an impromptu demonstration of the AgCenter's new spray drone.
Dr. Harrell and his team were working on field trial locations while attending the field day, and
took time to demonstrate the versatility of the drone, and talk about future applications that may
be beneficial to researchers and growers with drone usage.
Waller, a rice farmer from Mer Rouge and Keith Collins, county agent with the LSU AgCenter,
discussed the details of this year's row rice field trial, and answered questions about the practices
used. Waller also thanked growers in attendance for supporting the Louisiana Rice Research
Board through their generosity of the rice check off programs, and reminded everyone, "This is
your research trial. Anytime you want to stop by these plots and look at the different varieties
and their progress, you are welcome. Give me a call, and I'll try to answer any questions on what
we're seeing in these trials over the season."

Collins said there is still much to learn about the various aspects of row rice production. "We've
learned a lot about what practices work, and certainly what practices don't, but as the popularity
of row rice in our region continues to grow, we learn more with each passing day."
Following the field tour, the group reassembled in Mer Rouge for lunch and the remainder of the
program. Scott Franklin, president of the NELA Rice Growers Association, opened the forum indoors by
welcoming everyone and recognizing three area students as recipients of this year's scholarships that are
awarded annually by the group.
Next, researchers Dr. Adam Famoso, Dr. Boyd Padgett, Dr. Trey Price, and Dr. Sebe Brown, provided
reports on rice varieties and soybean updates for the region.
USA Rice staff gave an update on the organization's activities including status of the state's rice crop
following Hurricane Barry, highlights of the U.S. Rice Industry Sustainability Report, and what's on tap at
the USA Rice Outlook Conference this December in Little Rock, Arkansas.
Franklin summed up the importance of the Row Rice Field Day and the investment in research by the
Louisiana Rice Research Board for NELA growers: "Today's huge crowd shows us how interested
producers are in furrow irrigated rice production. It is still not a perfect science, but from experience I
can tell you that it has a very bright future in northeast Louisiana. We can grow anything in this part of
the world and I am thrilled that more people have found a way to grow rice."
Nagpur Foodgrain Prices Open- JULY 24, 2019
JULY 24, 2019 / 2:23 PM
* * * * * *
Nagpur Foodgrain Prices – APMC/Open Market-July 24, 2018 Nagpur, July 24
(Reuters) – Gram and tuar prices reported higher in Nagpur Agriculture Produce and
Marketing Committee (APMC) on good demand from local millers amid weak supply
from producing regions. Upward trend on NCDEX in gram and fresh hike in Madhya
Pradesh pulses prices and reported demand from South-based millers also boosted
prices. About 400 bags of gram and 250 bags of tuar reported for auction, according to
sources.
GRAM
* Desi gram raw recovered in open market here on increased demand from local
traders.
TUAR
* Tuar Karnataka firmed up again in open market here on good buying support from
local traders.
* Moong Chamki showed upward tendency in open market here on increased demand
from

local traders amid thin supply from producing belts.
* In Akola, Tuar New – 5,600-6,000, Tuar dal (clean) – 8,300-8,500, Udid Mogar
(clean)
– 6,800-7,500, Moong Mogar (clean) 7,500-8,500, Gram – 4,400-4,500, Gram Super
best
– 6,200-6,400 * Wheat, rice and other foodgrain items moved in a narrow range in
scattered deals and settled at last levels in thin trading activity.
Nagpur foodgrains APMC auction/open-market prices in rupees for 100 kg
FOODGRAINS Available prices Previous close
Gram Auction 3,900-4,190 3,900-4,130
Gram Pink Auction n.a. 2,100-2,600
Tuar Auction 4,900-5,780 4,900-5,725
Moong Auction n.a. 3,950-4,200
Udid Auction n.a. 4,300-4,500
Masoor Auction n.a. 2,200-2,500
Wheat Lokwan Auction 1,980-2,110 1,930-2,110
Wheat Sharbati Auction n.a. 2,900-3,000
Gram Super Best Bold 6,300-6,500 6,300-6,500
Gram Super Best n.a. n.a.
Gram Medium Best 5,900-6,100 5,900-6,100
Gram Dal Medium n.a. n.a
Gram Mill Quality 4,500-4,600 4,500-4,600
Desi gram Raw 4,450-4,550 4,400-4,500
Gram Kabuli 8,300-10,000 8,300-10,000
Tuar Fataka Best-New 8,600-8,800 8,600-8,800
Tuar Fataka Medium-New 8,200-8,400 8,200-8,400
Tuar Dal Best Phod-New 7,900-8,200 7,900-8,200
Tuar Dal Medium phod-New 7,200-7,700 7,200-7,700
Tuar Gavarani New 5,950-6,150 5,950-6,150
Tuar Karnataka 6,250-6,450 6,200-6,600
Masoor dal best 5,500-5,600 5,400-5,500
Masoor dal medium 5,200-5,400 5,100-5,300
Masoor n.a. n.a.
Moong Mogar bold (New) 8,200-9,000 8,200-9,000
Moong Mogar Medium 6,000-7,000 6,000-7,000
Moong dal Chilka New 6,800-7,800 6,800-7,800
Moong Mill quality n.a. n.a.
Moong Chamki best 8,300-8,800 8,200-8,700
Udid Mogar best (100 INR/KG) (New) 7,000-8,500 7,000-8,500
Udid Mogar Medium (100 INR/KG) 5,800-6,500 5,800-6,500
Udid Dal Black (100 INR/KG) 4,200-4,500 4,200-4,500
Mot (100 INR/KG) 5,200-6,500 5,200-6,500

Lakhodi dal (100 INR/kg) 4,800-4,900 4,800-4,900
Watana Dal (100 INR/KG) 5,600-5,700 5,600-5,700
Watana Green Best (100 INR/KG) 6,800-7,200 6,800-7,200
Wheat 308 (100 INR/KG) 2,100-2,200 2,100-2,200
Wheat Mill quality (100 INR/KG) 2,000-2,100 2,000-2,100
Wheat Filter (100 INR/KG) 2,500-2,600 2,500-2,600
Wheat Lokwan best (100 INR/KG) 2,400-2,600 2,400-2,600
Wheat Lokwan medium (100 INR/KG) 2,200-2,300 2,200-2,300
Lokwan Hath Binar (100 INR/KG) n.a. n.a.
MP Sharbati Best (100 INR/KG) 3,200-3,800 3,200-3,800
MP Sharbati Medium (100 INR/KG) 2,700-3,000 2,700-3,000
Rice Parmal (100 INR/KG) 2,200-2,300 2,200-2,300
Rice BPT best (100 INR/KG) 3,000-3,600 3,000-3,500
Rice BPT medium (100 INR/KG) 2,500-3,000 2,500-3,000
Rice Luchai (100 INR/KG) 2,900-3,000 2,900-3,000
Rice Swarna best (100 INR/KG) 2,600-2,750 2,600-2,750
Rice Swarna medium (100 INR/KG) 2,200-2,500 2,200-2,500
Rice HMT best (100 INR/KG) 3,800-4,400 3,800-4,400
Rice HMT medium (100 INR/KG) 3,400-3,600 3,400-3,600
Rice Shriram best(100 INR/KG) 5,500-5,800 5,500-5,800
Rice Shriram med (100 INR/KG) 4,500-4,800 4,500-4,800
Rice Basmati best (100 INR/KG) 8,500-13,500 8,500-13,500
Rice Basmati Medium (100 INR/KG) 5,000-7,000 5,000-7,000
Rice Chinnor best 100 INR/KG) 6,500-7,200 6,500-7,200
Rice Chinnor medium (100 INR/KG) 6,200-6,400 6,200-6,400
Jowar Gavarani (100 INR/KG) 2,350-2,550 2,350-2,550
Jowar CH-5 (100 INR/KG) 2,050-2,250 2,050-2,250 WEATHER (NAGPUR)
Maximum temp. 35.8 degree Celsius, minimum temp. 26.3 degree Celsius Rainfall :
Nil FORECAST: Generally cloudy sky with light rains. Maximum and minimum
temperature likely to be around 37 degree Celsius and 26 degree Celsius respectively.
Note: n.a.—not available (For oils, transport costs are excluded from plant delivery
prices, but included in market prices)
Our Standards:The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.
https://in.reuters.com/article/nagpur-foodgrain/nagpur-foodgrain-prices-open-july-24-2019-
idINL4N24P2D1
Thai farmers asked to delay rice planting as drought
bites
Panu Wongcha-um, Panarat Thepgumpanat
JULY 22, 2019 / 4:57 PM

BANGKOK (Reuters) - The Thai government has asked farmers to delay planting rice because
of drought and the pumping of water from reservoirs for irrigation threatens household supplies,
an agriculture ministry official said on Monday.
FILE PHOTO: A farmer plants rice in a paddy field in Thailand's Nakhonsawan province,
August 16, 2015. REUTERS/Chaiwat Subprasom
Farmers in the world‘s second-biggest rice exporter usually plant their main
crop in May, the beginning of the rainy season, for harvest between August and
October.
But this year, the rain has been sparse and drought has been declared in more
than a dozen provinces in northern and northeastern rice regions.
The government is considering measures such as cloud seeding to try to bring
rain but in the meantime, farmers have been asked to hold off.
―We would like to ask farmers not to grow new crops of rice because there may
not be enough water,‖ Irrigation Department official Sanya Sangpumpong told
Reuters.
The pumping of water to keep crops alive had led to a serious depletion of
reservoirs, he said.
―Human consumption must be prioritized first,‖ he said.
The biggest impact would be on jasmine rice, which is planted in August for
harvest by the end of the year. It is grown largely in the northeast.
Rainfall in the main rice-growing regions was the lowest in 10 years, at 12%
below average, the Meteorological Department said. Rain in August and
November was expected to be 5% to 10% below average.
A rice farmer in the northeastern province of Khon Kaen said it was the worst
dry spell he had seen in years and he had been pumping water from a reservoir
to keep his first crop alive.
―If it does not rain then I won‘t plant a new crop,‖ Pradit Sirithammajak, 48,
told Reuters.
―It‘s not worth the cost.‖
At the same time, the level of water in the Mekong River, which passes northern
and northeastern Thailand, had fallen below a historic low seen in 1992,
according to the inter-governmental Mekong River Commission.
This was partly due to the low rain but also because China was holding back
more of the river‘s water in a hydroelectric dam on its upper reaches.
Editing by Matthew Tostevin and Robert Birsel
https://www.reuters.com/article/us-thailand-drought/thai-farmers-asked-to-delay-rice-planting-as-
drought-bites-idUSKCN1UH1BZ
Rice cultivation shows uncertainties
SGGPTuesday, July 23, 2019 14:04

Farmers in provinces in the Mekong Delta are entering the harvest time of the summer-autumn
rice crop; however, as the rice price is not high this year while consumption faces difficulties,
farmers do not earn much. Therefore, replacing crops to increase income for farmers has become
an urgent matter.
Growing vegetables is more effective than growing rice. (Photo: SGGP)
Mr. Doan Ngoc Anh, a farmer in Tan Thanh A Commune in Tan Hong District of Dong Thap
Province, sadly said that after three months of hard work, his 1.7-hectare paddy field did not
bring much profit. Currently, traders buy regular fresh paddy at VND4,300-VND5,300 per
kilogram, depending on variety. Although the price is a little higher than in the previous month,
it is still at low level. In addition, the weather is not favorable for this crop so rice productivity is
poor. As a result, farmers do not have high profits.
Ms. Trinh My Le, another farmer in Tan Thanh A Commune, also felt depressed as rice
production became more difficult.
‗The price of rice last winter-spring rice crop was not high, merely at VND4,600-VND5,200 per
kilogram, depending on rice variety so farmers earned small profits. Many households hoped that
the situation would be better this summer-autumn rice crop but the price is worse,‘ she said.
In An Giang Province, several farmers and even local authority also concerned about the
uncertainty of paddy. The People‘s Committee of An Phu District said that, there was around
13,000 hectares of summer-autumn rice in the district and farmers have harvested about 50
percent of total area. It is expected that harvesting will be finished by the beginning of August
this year. Preliminary statistics of communes showed that, since the beginning of this year, after

farmers paid money for materials and labor costs, there was not much money left. Meanwhile,
there are lot of daily and monthly expenses. As a result, many households have had to ‗buy first,
pay later‘.
According to the Department of Crop Production, provinces in the Mekong Delta grew more
than 1.56 hectares of rice in the summer-autumn rice crop this year, down 42,000 hectares over
the same period last year. Rice productivity is estimated at 5.6 tons per hectare and production at
more than 8.7 million tons, down 20,000 tons compared to last summer-autumn rice crop.
Statistics by the Vietnam Food Association, rice export volume in the first six months of this
year reached 3.39 million tons, down 2.8 percent over the same period last year. Rice export
turnover touched US$1.46 billion, down 19 percent over the same period last year. Average
export price was at $429 per ton, down 15 percent over the same period last year. Export of rice
faced difficulties and low prices causing the prices of paddy to decline in tandem and farming to
be not as effective as expected.
The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development said that it will work with the Ministry of
Industry and Trade and the Vietnam Food Association to draw solutions to resolve the current
situation of rice consumption in the Mekong Delta. As for the autumn-winter rice crop, the
ministry puts forward two solutions. In the first solution, Mekong Delta provinces will grow
750,000 hectares of rice, up 9,380 hectares over the same period last year, with estimated
production at above 4 million tons of rice, an increase of 129,000 tons. In the second one, the
area of rice will be adjusted to 700,000 hectares with expected production at more than 3.8
million tons, a decrease of 137,000 tons compared to last autumn-winter rice crop.
Between these two solutions, many provinces advocated the second one because of low
efficiency and high risks. Especially the lesson from the autumn-winter rice crop last year when
the flood came early, submerging thousands hectares of rice, causing losses to more than 2,000
hectares in the riverhead region. The ministry said that the autumn-winter rice crop should be
produced in protected areas with completely built dyke system. The latest cultivation of rice
must be from August 20 to 30 so as not to affect the winter-spring rice crop.
Mr. Le Minh Thuan, vice chairman of the People‘s Committee of An Phu District in An Giang
Province, said that although it is forecasted that the possibility of flooding is low this year, the
district warns farmers not to increase production in the autumn-winter rice crop. Last year, the
district had an area of more than 7,400 hectares of autumn-winter rice. This year, the area is
asked to reduce as much as possible due to low economic efficiency of rice. The district has
ordered local agricultural department to give farmers technical support and help them to convert
their paddy fields into land for vegetable cultivation and land for aquaculture during flood season
in order to increase income for them.
In the summer-autumn rice crop, Mekong Delta provinces had converted more than 66,800
hectares of paddy fields into land for vegetable, fruit tree cultivation and aquaculture, yielding

higher economic value than rice. At many places, farmers earned profits of VND80 million per
hectare for growing corns, VND50 million per hectare for growing chilies, VND70 million per
hectare for growing watermelons, and VND88 million per hectare for growing vegetables
whereas they only earned a profit of about VND5.5 million per hectare for growing rice.
Swapping crops is more effective than rice from 8 to 14.7 times. In addition, it also diversified
farm produce, save water, improve soil and reduce pests and diseases.
However, it is difficult as irrigation system has not been synchronously invested. Some crops
have weak competitiveness due to small scale production, difficulties in mechanization and high
cost prices. In addition, policies to encourage farmers to swap crops have not been strong
enough. Especially, it lacks of connection with enterprises to ensure consumption. Large-scale
production has not been established so output has not been stable. These are shortcomings that
need resolving for farmers to switch production effectively and
sustainably. http://sggpnews.org.vn/business/rice-cultivation-shows-uncertainties-82791.html
Parched Mekong affects Thai rice farmers
Thailand is experiencing a severe drought at a time of year that is usually rainy season.
Farmers plant the country's most important crop -- rice -- in this season. But they are being
urged by the government to wait due to the water shortage.
In the northeastern province of Nakhon Phanom, agriculture depends heavily on the Mekong
River, which is at a critically-low level.
The river is normally 8 meters deep. But this year it has fallen to just 1.5 meters. Reservoirs
are at less than 20 percent their capacity.
Thai National Water Resources Office Secretary General Somkiat Prajamwong said: "Demand
for water is growing in Thailand, which is downstream in the Mekong River.
But China, which is upstream, stores large amounts of water. Thailand needs water for
agriculture, so we need to cooperate with China on sharing water."
The official also says Laos has been testing a hydro-electric
https://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/en/news/20190723_41/
Go-Jek teams up with Astra, Mitsubishi
Asia News Network | Publication date 23 July 2019 | 09:20 ICT
Parch ed M e kong af f ect s Th ai ri ce f ar mer s
Diversified conglomerate Astra International president director Prijono Sugiarto (second left) and ride-hailing
app giant Go-Jek president and co-founder Andre Soelistyo (second right) sign an agreement in Jakarta
recently, as Go-Jek CEO and co-founder Nadiem Makarim (right) and Astra International director Bambang
Widjanarko Santoso look on. THE JAKARTA POST

Indonesian ride-hailing decacorn Go-Jek is expanding its operations by forging partnerships with
Astra International and Mitsubishi Motors, respectively the first and second largest automotive
companies in the country.
Go-Jek and Astra inaugurated on Thursday their joint venture company Go-Fleet at an auto show
in Tangerang, Banten. At the same event, Mitsubishi chairman Osamu Masuko told reporters the
automaker would ―explore mobility solutions‖ with the ride-hailing company.
The moves come shortly after Mitsubishi announced on July 8 an investment into Go-Jek at an
undisclosed amount, while Astra announced in March an investment of $250 million. Both sets
of funds went to Go-Jek‘s Series F funding round.
In two separate statements, Go-Jek described its partnership with Astra as a means of
consolidating its presence in Indonesia, while with Mitsubishi, which has factories in Indonesia,
the Philippines and Thailand, it is strengthening its presence in Southeast Asia.
Go-Jek cofounder Nadiem Makarim said the joint venture was ―a collaboration and combination
between two leading homegrown companies that will push Indonesia‘s digital economy‖.
Meanwhile, Go-Jek Group president Andre Soelistyo said Mitsubishi‘s investment was ―a
testament to the strength of Go-Jek‘s vision to use technology as a way to improve the everyday
lives of people in Southeast Asia‖.
Go-Fleet, a joint venture enterprise of which Astra owns the majority of shares, describes itself
as a ―mobility solution‖ as a car rental service for ride-hailing drivers registered with Go-Jek.
Go-Fleet president director Meliza M Rusli told reporters the company covered car instalments,
vehicle insurance, health insurance and maintenance costs for drivers in exchange for a 1.18
million rupiah ($84.86) weekly rental fee.

The company also plasters the vehicles in its fleet, which comprises Daihatsu Xenia and Toyota
Avanza multi-purpose vehicles (MPVs), with advertisements to generate additional revenue.
Drivers still bear petrol costs and commission fees on orders in addition to bearing a recurring
1.5 million rupiah commitment fee every six months. The fee will likely be discounted for loyal
drivers.
―The plan is we‘ll have up to thousands [of cars] this year focused on Greater Jakarta. Going
forward, we will look into opening operations in other cities outside Greater Jakarta,‖ said
Meliza.
The average Go-Jek car driver in Greater Jakarta earns around 1.5 million rupiah each week,
according to a University of Indonesia survey. Under the Go-Fleet scheme, such drivers would
earn a profit of 320,000 rupiah each week, excluding petrol costs. The figure falls well short of
the city‘s minimum wage of 3.9 million rupiah each month.
However, Meliza added the company ―hopes, in the near future, to share advertising revenue
with the drivers‖ but did not state the proportion of revenue for drivers.
Meanwhile, Mitsubishi declined to reveal details of its partnership with Go-Jek, saying only that
it would leverage the partnership to expand its presence not only in Indonesia but also in
Southeast Asia.
Go-Jek, which currently operates in four Southeast Asian markets, is the region‘s second largest
ride-hailing company after Singapore-based Grab, which operates in eight markets.
―Regarding Go-Jek, we are still in the area where Mitsubishi is investing in the company. How
this will turn out, we‘ve just begun looking into it. There‘s nothing concrete yet but, of course,
there are many possibilities,‖ said Mitsubishi Indonesia director of sales and marketing Irwan
Kuncoro.
Mitsubishi, having sold 80,929 vehicles, gained a 16.8 per cent market share of domestic car
sales in this year‘s first half, according to the latest Association of Indonesian Automotive
Manufacturers (Gabungan Industri Kendaraan Bermotor Indonesia, Gaikindo) data.
Mitsubishi was only outpaced by Astra, which holds the immensely popular Toyota and Daihatsu
brands, with a 53 per cent market share of domestic car sales in the first half.
However, Mitsubishi‘s successful Xpander MPVs have been eating at Astra‘s market share since
the car‘s introduction two years ago. The Japanese automaker‘s sales increased 60 per cent from
121,395 cars sold in 2017 to 194,331 cars last year, largely due to the Xpander. THE JAKARTA
POST/ASIA NEWS NETWORK
Contact author: Asia News Network
https://www.phnompenhpost.com/business/go-jek-teams-astra-mitsubishi
Gov’t asked to address high rice prices, low palay
farmgate rates
By: Karl R. Ocampo - @inquirerdotnet
Philippine Daily Inquirer / 05:06 AM July 23, 2019

Despite the influx of imported rice and the steady decline in farmgate prices of palay, prices of the
staple in the market remain high, according to the Federation of Free Farmers (FFF).
Citing government data, the FFF said the decline in rice prices compared to year-ago levels was
minimal, showing that the liberalization of the rice industry was not working.
Data compiled by the group from the Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA) showed that while the
average buying price of regular milled and well-milled rice had gone down by P7.54 and P6 a
kilogram from their peak in September last year, these were still higher than the prices in 2016 and
2017.
Rates in 2018 were not used given the artificial increases in prices brought about by the shortage in
the supply of subsidized rice and the delayed arrival of imported rice during the period. Officials
from the National Economic and Development Authority and the Department of Finance said rates
last year should not be used as the basis in comparing rice prices.
For the years 2015 to 2017, the average buying price of palay was at P18.53 a kilo. This is higher
by 3.51 percent than the prevailing rate this year of P17.88 a kilo.
However, regular milled and well-milled rice are currently sold at the average prices of P38.60 and
P42.91 a kilo, respectively, higher than the 2016 and 2017 prices of P37.68 and P41.66 a kilo.
The rule of thumb in setting the retail price of rice is double the buying price of palay. Hence,
ideally, prices of rice in the market should be an average of P36 a kilo.
―It is interesting to note that the present retail prices of rice are still higher than in 2016 and 2017,
when the quantitative restrictions on rice imports were still in effect and the new rice law has not
yet been passed,‖ said Raul Montemayor, national manager of the FFF, which represents farmers
nationwide.
―What is most painful to the farmers is the fact that their sacrifices are apparently going to waste
because consumers are not getting the benefits arising from the decline in palay prices and the
entry of supposedly cheaper imports,‖ he added.
―The PSA data, in fact, appears to show that both consumers and farmers were better off when the
quantitative restrictions were still in place, if we exclude the abnormal price movements in 2018,‖
said Montemayor.
The FFF official added that the government must focus on addressing the problems of small-holder
palay producers especially now that the harvest season was about to begin.
―They (government) did not prepare for the impact [of the measure] on farmers. What has
happened is that there‘s a supply glut from both imported and local produce. How do you address
it? What is the game plan?‖ Montemayor said.
Until now, farmers are waiting for the benefits of the law, which was supposed to give them an
annual subsidy of P10 billion to modernize their operations. The fund will be used to provide
equipment and machinery, seeds, credit, and training.
https://business.inquirer.net/275238/govt-asked-to-address-high-rice-prices-low-palay-farmgate-
rates

Some rice and soybean growers face latest twist in a
difficult year
Arkansas may have escaped the worst of Hurricane Barry, but crops in many areas are struggling to move
past the effects.
Ryan McGeeney | Jul 23, 2019
While most of Arkansas may have escaped the worst of what Hurricane Barry augured in
potential wind and rain, crops in many areas are struggling to move past the primary and
secondary effects of the latest twist in an already difficult year.
Chad Norton, soybean and wheat verification coordinator for the University of Arkansas System
Division of Agriculture at the Southeast Research and Extension Center in Monticello, said
several fields that he oversees received at least 9 inches of rain between July 15-16, when
remnants of Barry pushed through portions of the state.
Many soybean plots throughout the southern portion of Arkansas were already five to six weeks
behind the normal crop schedule, due to late planting in the spring. The deluge, he said, will
simply delay or further stunt soybean progress even further.
―Any soil-applied herbicides I had out there are just washed out — they‘re gone,‖ Norton said.
―I‘m worried about pigweeds — the soil‘s so wet, I don‘t think I can get back in there and
control them. That‘s what‘s on my mind right now.
Advertising, mouse over for audio
―There were several fields going underwater, especially in Jefferson, Arkansas and other
counties, where the heavy rain fell. What lives through that is going to be stunted and hurt for a
little while longer,‖ he said.
The delayed planting and torrential rains are also compounded by the fact that much of the
soybean seed growers began with this year was also of lower quality, as the 2018 harvest was
also impacted by heavy rainfall that began in September.
―We had such a terrible fall last year that the seed quality we were working with this year was
also terrible,‖ Norton said. ―I know of several fields that had to be replanted three or four times
— not from weather, just from poor seed quality. One field, for example, planted 340,000 seeds,
and they got 65,000-75,000 plants come up.
―It‘s a perfect storm — we were late because of the weather, and we had terrible seed quality,‖
he said. ―It bit some people, it really did. I struggled in my program to get the stands I got. I
normally get 125,000-130,000 plants per acre; I‘ve got several fields with 85,000-90,000 plants
per acre. That‘s just how this year‘s been.‖
Norton said that at this point in the year, he found it unlikely that growers could get their
money‘s worth out of another round of replanting soybeans, given the natural reductions in yield
inherent in such late planting.
―Driving around the past couple of weeks, I‘ve seen beans that are just now coming out of the
ground,‖ he said. ―So people did do some July planting, but I don‘t think you could ever get your
money back if you planted today. We‘ve lost too much relative yield, day-to-day, by this date.‖

Rice
Isolated rice fields in the state also bore some of Barry‘s brunt throughout the week. Jarrod
Hardke, extension rice agronomist for the Division of Agriculture, said some rice fields between
Pine Bluff and Stuttgart received 6-8 inches of rain, with reports of blown levees in narrow
bands in the southern half of the state.
―But most of the eastern Delta region got 3-4 inches of rain,‖ Hardke said. ―Certainly enough to
pop a levee here and there. But a lot of that water was spread out over several days, which
certainly helped with managing it, because it didn‘t all come in a single deluge, like we were
anticipating.
―Some of the heavier rain submerged some of the more mature rice in the state,‖ he said. ―We
were hoping we could get that water off those fields rapidly — older rice does not withstand
being flooded for very long. We need to get that water off within seven days, if at all possible.
Usually, if it stays under for 10 days, it‘s done. When the water comes off, it‘s going to fall down
and rot at that point. Those are still isolated incidents, but they are out there.‖
Hardke said that despite the many setbacks that have already faced Arkansas rice growers in
2019, the overall crop looks good at this point — and that there may, in fact, be silver linings
ahead.
―There‘s a precedent — even when we‘re in delayed planting — if we get to follow that with a
mild summer and avoid extreme, excessive heat during the reproductive growth stages, we can
still make some very good yields,‖ Hardke said. ―And this is across commodities.
―It certainly hasn‘t been made yet, on any of those fronts, but we have to try to remain a little
optimistic that we still have some very good yields left in us,‖ he said.
While forecasts from the National Weather Service put much of Arkansas under a heat advisory
Friday and Saturday, temperatures are predicted to drop into the 80s next week, during what is
often the first of the two hottest weeks of the year for the state.
―That might be a shock to the system,‖ Hardke said. ―The biggest problem with it is just a
general slow-down of the crop progression. It won‘t hurt anything, but it will cost us a little bit of
time, in terms of getting this crop to the finish line, and getting it out of there.
―I guess that‘ll be the next oddity that 2019 will throw at us: a strange, late cool-down in July,‖
he said. ―And then we‘ll have to wait and see what‘s next.‖
https://www.farmprogress.com/rice/some-rice-and-soybean-growers-face-latest-twist-difficult-year
Community farming in Goa emerges as a tool against
land conversion
by Pamela D'Mello on 24 July 2019
 Many villagers in Goa have banded together to revive rice cultivation through collective
mechanised sowing and transplanting. The success in several villages has now become a
catalyst for others, particularly for those who want to resist real estate development.
 The acreage under paddy cultivation has fallen significantly over the years in Goa. The
fallow fields have become prime targets of land sharks for building construction. Local
communities are resisting this.

 For the grassroots co-operative rice farming movement to take root in the state, Goa needs
many more service providers for mechanised seeding and transplanting.
Father George Quadros hit upon the idea of collective farming almost by accident. As an amateur
farmer, he has been dabbling in various cultivation methods since 1986 at southern Goa‘s Don
Bosco Loutolim Society (DBLS). A votary of farm mechanisation, Quadros realised that
although the use of machines reduced costs and boosted yields, the cost of machinery was too
high for smallholder farmers.
―The collective farming concept started because the machinery is costly, but is economical over
large areas,‖ said the 63-year-old Catholic Salesian priest. ―Farmers have to come together if it
has to work.‖
There was a breakthrough in November 2015, when Quadros deployed Japanese-made rice
nursery and transplanting machines on 3,000 sq. metres of paddy fields in Velsao village through
an initiative of DBLS called Goa Paddy. The trial saw costs shrinking, and the harvest was
plentiful.
Enthused by the success, Quadros convinced farmers in several villages in the vicinity to try out
co-operative paddy cultivation. During the 2016 Kharif (summer) cultivation season, collective
mechanised farming was put into practice in Loutolim (15,000 sq. m), Curtorim-Maina (20,000
sq. m), Cavelossim (20,000 sq. m), and Carmona (40,000 sq. m) villages.

The success of Velsao in the previous winter cropping season was repeated in these villages.
Since then, Goa Paddy has been working as a service provider to collective paddy farming
efforts in many other villages in south Goa. ―We move in clusters,‖ said Quadros. ―We appoint
one person in each village to speak to farmers and get them together. Bookings are taken in
February-March.‖
By 2018, Velsao had 80,000 sq. m, Loutolim 250,000 sq. m, Curtorim-Maina 300,000 sq. m, and
Carmona 200,000 sq. m under collective paddy farming. Today, with two machines, DBLS‘s
nursery is capable of providing seed nursery preparation and transplanting services for 150
hectares every season.
Father George Quadros on a paddy-transplanting machine. Photo courtesy goapaddy.com.
Decline in paddy cultivation
Goa has seen a decline in paddy cultivation in recent years because farmers and landowners have
been reluctant to practice the conventional, labour-intensive method of raising nurseries and
transplantation. The fall has been exacerbated in the past 10 years due to prohibitively high
labour costs and manpower shortages.
Rice production in Goa has risen to 113,227 tonnes in 2016-17 from 71,070 tonnes in 1987-
88, according to the state‘s Directorate of Planning, Statistics and Evaluation. However, land
under paddy cultivation has reduced significantly to 31,000 ha today from 50,302 ha in
1961, official data from Goa‘s Directorate of Agriculture show.

This has led to large parcels of arable land lying fallow, which have in recent years become
prime targets of real estate developers. Building activity on farmland is seen as a danger to
biodiversity in a state where an aware citizenry has been protesting environmentally destructive
activities such as mining, coastal development and irresponsible building construction. Co-
operative farming is being seen as a way to stymie the rapid conversion of farmland.
Mechanical transplanting underway in Cansaulim village in south Goa. Photo courtesy
goapaddy.com.
The state government has woken up to the problem as well. In a recent address, Goa Chief
Minister Pramod Sawant has underscored his government‘s shift towards reviving the state‘s
agriculture sector. ―During the Portuguese era, Goa‘s economy was entirely dependent on
agriculture, which was later replaced with other activities,‖ he said in the month of May this
year. ―Now, the youth should take up agriculture using all the incentives available with the state
government.‖
Sawant has exhorted the youth to take advantage of subsidies for community farming and revive
primary sector occupations like farming, pisciculture and dairying. These are options, at a time
of rising unemployment and disenchantment, due to the grounding of mining activity and the
downswing in tourism, the two key sectors of Goa‘s economy.
The state‘s agriculture department in October 2018 floated a scheme that promised 90%
subsidies for community farming, where more than 10 farmers pooled their land. In the current
Kharif season, four farming clubs have registered for the scheme.
However, before the government subsidies, a collective farming movement has been building up
from the ground, leaving the agricultural bureaucracy to follow the lead given by citizens. The
government‘s 2017-18 Economic Survey Report acknowledges this.
―The tendency to keep fertile paddy fields fallow needs to be vigorously fought. The Sao Paulo
Farmers Club, Nachinola, Bardez Goa has shown the way by getting even disinterested
landowners involved,‖ the report stated. ―It has taken up land preparation, mechanized paddy
transplanting, mechanized weeding and combine harvesting collectively for the entire block of
4.00 ha in the possession of 31 members. Half of this area was under organic cultivation. A small
beginning to market paddy after milling by direct sale has been made. It may be difficult to
replicate this mode of farming everywhere. Hence, the concept of ‗Community Farming‘ is being
promoted.‖
Experiments to revive Goa’s rice fields
In 2018, threatened by plans for a coal transportation carriageway and the hunger for real estate
development, the northern Goa island village of St. Estevem adapted the DBLS experiment to
their village‘s fallow fields. In a show of unity and community spirit, the Ilha Verde Farmers
Club pooled some 450,000 (4.5 lakh) sq. m of fallow rice fields, utilised machines of DBLS, and
harvested a bumper 75,000 kg of rice in the Kharif season. This was despite losing 30 percent of
the crop due to natural causes and beginner‘s mistakes.
This year, riding on its spectacular success and considerable media spotlight, the Ilha Verde
Farmers Club has doubled its target area, and has plans to grow rice on 1 million sq. m of land.
―The St. Estevam experiment has given the entire agricultural sector in Goa hope that

mechanisation, land pooling, community farming and social marketing can work and make
Goa‘s rice fields a working reality once again,‖ said former agricultural officer Miguel Braganza.
―St. Estevam succeeded because the people were united. They saw their village, land and way of
life threatened by a coal corridor and encroaching builder interests, and decided that it was better
to utilise fallow fields than be sitting ducks for a takeover,‖ said Club President Nestor Rangel
(51), an electrical engineer-turned-farmer. ―That was the impetus.‖
Rice nursery mats await transplantation at St Estevam Island, Goa, in 2019. Photo by Pamela
D‘Mello.
The St. Estevam community decided to follow organic methods to cultivate and then husk the
paddy into brown rice, which has seen a revival in demand in the state and has a robust overseas
market. The club‘s social marketing is a huge success, and the brown rice has found many takers
across the globe, said Club member Ansyl Gonsalves (23).
Despite the successes, spreading community farming is not without its hurdles. ―I held a few
meetings with farmers in Santa Cruz village, where I reside,‖ said Rangel. ―But I wasn‘t able to
succeed there.‖ The value of land in Santa Cruz, which adjoins state capital Panjim, is so high
that it is far more lucrative for tenant farmers to let fields lie fallow, which are then
surreptitiously swallowed by land sharks. ―People want to sell their fields,‖ said Rangel.
―Everyday, you will find people dumping mud and debris to fill up their fields and convert
them.‖

24th july,2019 daily global regional and local

24th july,2019 daily global regional and local

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