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PATRIMONIUL
Obiect al contabilității
Definiții și trăsături
• Prin PATRIMONIU se înțelege totaliatea bunurilor cu valoare
economică, precum și totalitatea drepturilor și obligațiilor ce aparțin
entității.
• DREPTURI= CREANȚE (sume de încasat)
• OBLIGAȚII = DATORII (sume ce trebuie plătite)
Obiectul contabilității poate fi analizat prin prisma următoarelor
aspecte sau concepții:
1. Concepția juridică
2. Concepția economică
Concepția juridică
• Presupune 2 elemente interdependente:
• Entitatea, ca subiect de drept;
• Bunurile și valorile economice, ca obiecte de drepturi și obligații
PATRIMONIU
Bunuri
economice
Pers juridice
sau fizice
Drepturi și
obligații
Bunuri economice:
• Clădiri
• Utilaje
• Materii prime
• Mărfuri
• Mijloace bănești
Concepția economică
• Folosește interpretarea conform căreia, elementele patrimoniale de
activ și pasiv redau bunurile de care dispune entitatea, utilizate în
scopuri economice împreună cu sursele lor și nu numai bunurile
asupra cărora are drepturi de proprietate.
• ELEMENTE DE ACTIV = UTILIZĂRI
• ELEMENTE DE PASIV = RESURSE
ECHILIBRUL BILANȚIER
•ACTIV = PASIV
•DEBIT = CREDIT
Ecuații de echilibru ale patrimoniului
• Ecuația generală de echilibru a patrimoniului definit în sens juridic:
BUNURI ECONOMICE= DREPTURI + OBLIGAȚII
B = D+O Patrimoniu brut= Patrimoniu net+Obligații
Patrimoniu net= Patrimoniu brut - Obligații
Obligații = Patrimoniul brut-Patrimoniul net
Aplicație:
Agentul economic Alfa dispune de următoarele bunuri: clădiri
40.000 lei, utilaje 60.000 lei, mărfuri 50.000 lei, ambalaje 10.000 lei,
mijloace bănești 60.000 lei. Obligațiile față de furnizori și alți creditori
au fost înregistrate la valoarea de 170.000 lei.
se cere: a) Calculați valoarea patrimoniului brut (bunuri economice)
b) calculați valoarea patrimoniului net (drepturi)
Rezolvare
a). Patrimoniul brut (bunuri economice) = clădiri 40.000+ utilaje 60.000
+ mărfuri50.000+ ambalaje 10.000 + mijloace bănești 60.000 = 220.000
lei
b). Patrimoniul net = Patrimoniul brut (bunuri) – Obligații = 220.000 –
170.000 = 50.000 lei

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PATRIMONIUL.pptx

  • 2. Definiții și trăsături • Prin PATRIMONIU se înțelege totaliatea bunurilor cu valoare economică, precum și totalitatea drepturilor și obligațiilor ce aparțin entității. • DREPTURI= CREANȚE (sume de încasat) • OBLIGAȚII = DATORII (sume ce trebuie plătite)
  • 3. Obiectul contabilității poate fi analizat prin prisma următoarelor aspecte sau concepții: 1. Concepția juridică 2. Concepția economică
  • 4. Concepția juridică • Presupune 2 elemente interdependente: • Entitatea, ca subiect de drept; • Bunurile și valorile economice, ca obiecte de drepturi și obligații PATRIMONIU Bunuri economice Pers juridice sau fizice Drepturi și obligații
  • 5. Bunuri economice: • Clădiri • Utilaje • Materii prime • Mărfuri • Mijloace bănești
  • 6. Concepția economică • Folosește interpretarea conform căreia, elementele patrimoniale de activ și pasiv redau bunurile de care dispune entitatea, utilizate în scopuri economice împreună cu sursele lor și nu numai bunurile asupra cărora are drepturi de proprietate. • ELEMENTE DE ACTIV = UTILIZĂRI • ELEMENTE DE PASIV = RESURSE
  • 7. ECHILIBRUL BILANȚIER •ACTIV = PASIV •DEBIT = CREDIT
  • 8. Ecuații de echilibru ale patrimoniului • Ecuația generală de echilibru a patrimoniului definit în sens juridic: BUNURI ECONOMICE= DREPTURI + OBLIGAȚII B = D+O Patrimoniu brut= Patrimoniu net+Obligații Patrimoniu net= Patrimoniu brut - Obligații Obligații = Patrimoniul brut-Patrimoniul net
  • 9. Aplicație: Agentul economic Alfa dispune de următoarele bunuri: clădiri 40.000 lei, utilaje 60.000 lei, mărfuri 50.000 lei, ambalaje 10.000 lei, mijloace bănești 60.000 lei. Obligațiile față de furnizori și alți creditori au fost înregistrate la valoarea de 170.000 lei. se cere: a) Calculați valoarea patrimoniului brut (bunuri economice) b) calculați valoarea patrimoniului net (drepturi)
  • 10. Rezolvare a). Patrimoniul brut (bunuri economice) = clădiri 40.000+ utilaje 60.000 + mărfuri50.000+ ambalaje 10.000 + mijloace bănești 60.000 = 220.000 lei b). Patrimoniul net = Patrimoniul brut (bunuri) – Obligații = 220.000 – 170.000 = 50.000 lei