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Greatest scottish inventors and inventions
- 2. Introduction In Scotland’s history, there have been various important inventions, discoveries, improvements and many more important elements, many important devices and things that we use nowadays were invented / developed/ improved in Scotland, so here we are going to watch over some of the greatest inventions and inventors that originated in Scotland.
- 3. Gregorian telescope is designed by James Gregorie in 1663. The concept of logarithm in 1614 is developed by John Napier. In 1755 William Cullen develops the basis of modern Refrigerator. James Watt invented the Steam engine in 1775.
- 4. Adam Ferguson (Born in Perthshire) wrote An Essay of History of Civil Society in 1767, now he has been known as the father of Modern Sociology. The first model of a flush toilet that was patented in history was that of Alexander Cumming in 1775. In 1776 Famous Scottish economist Adam Smith wrotes “The Wealth of the Nations” He is considered the father of Modern Economics. In 1788, James Hutton develops the term “Uniformitarism”. “The present is the key to the past” He is considered thhe father of Modern geology.
- 5. First Kaleidoscope is made in 1814. This is attributed to Sir David Brewster. Mackintosh or waterproof raincoat was invented in 1824 by chemist Charles Macintosh. In 1839 KirkPatrick Macmillian along with Thomas McCall develop the first Pedal bicycle. In 1842 a famous model of Seismometer was invented by to James David Forbes.
- 6. Alexander Bain invented a the telephonic transmission of scanned printed material, or Fax, in 1843. Chloroform is popularized as an anaesthetic in medicine by Sir James Young Simpson. In 1859, James Clerk Maxwell, an important matematician , discovers the composition of Saturn Rings . Hypnotism and hypnotherapy is developoed by surgeon James Braid.
- 7. The theory of Electromagnetism is developed by James Clerk Maxwell in 1873. In 1875 Alexander Graham Bell patented the first practical Telephone First photograph in color is taken by James Clerk Maxwell in 1861.
- 8. Physician Henry Faulds introduces the use of Fingerprint in criminology in 1886. Pneumatic tyre is invented in 1888 by Robert William Thompson and John Boyd Dunlop. In 1893, Alan MacMasters invents the electric Bread toaster, a popular device in United States.
- 9. Mechanical Television is invented in 1926 by John Logie Baird. A group of antibiotics know as Penicilin, are discovered by Sir Alexander Fleming. In 1996, Dolly the lamb is the first animal cloned. This was attributed to Keith Campbell Ian Willmut an colleagues at University of Edinburgh.
- 11. Maria Gordon Born in 30 April 1864 in Aberdeenshire. Scottish geologist, palaeontologist, and politician She was the first woman to obtain a PhD in the University of Munich in Germany. She was active in politics as a Liberal and an advocate of Women's Rights
- 12. Williamina Fleming Born in May 15, 1857 in Dundee. She was an astronomer. She helped develop a common designation system for stars and cataloged thousands of stars and other astronomical phenomena. In 1888 she discovered a dark nebula and named it the Horsehead Nebula. She was the first american woman to be named honorary member of the Royal Astronomical Society of London.
- 13. Moira Dunbar Born in 3 February 1918 in Edinburgh. She was a glaciologist and Arctic ice researcher. She also worked as an actress during WW2. When she emigrated to Canada, she studied arctic movement. In 1954 she applied for joining the crew of Royal Canadian Navy Icebreaker but she was rejected because of her genre. In 1972 she was awarded the Royal Canadian Geographical Society's Massey Medal She is the only woman to have won that medal.
- 14. Sheina Marshall Born in 20 April 1896 in Millport. Marine biologist. She deeply studied plankton and phytoplankton. In 1949 Marshall, along with Ethel Dobbie Currie, became the first women to be elected Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Received Neill Prize in 1971. In 1961 she became a Fellow of the Royal Society.
- 15. Xanthé Mallett Born in 17 December 1976 in Dunbartonshire. Forensic anthropologist and criminologist. She has a doctorate degree in biological anthropology. She specialises in human craniofacial biometrics and hand identification, and behaviour patterns of paedophiles, particularly online. She is also a tv presenter, appearing in shows such as Mothers Who Murder, History Cold Case.
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