1. Ramakrishna Mission Sikshanamandira
Belur Math,Howrah 711202
Course:- CC 112 (1st Half ) Development of psychology
Topic:- Development of Personality:Concept of Personality, Type
and Trait approaches of Personality. Type theories Jung,
Hippocrates.
Submitted by
LELIN SHAIKH
Roll:- MF 48
M.Ed Trainee Student (3rd SEM)
Session:- 2022-2024
2. Concept of personality:
● Personality is a relatively stable and enduring set of
characteristic cognitive, behavioral and emotional traits.
● Over time, a person will interact with others in a reasonably
predictable way.
● Personality changes with experience, maturity, and external
demands in a way that promotes adaptation to the environment.
● It is affected by genetic and psychosocial factors.
3. Characteristics of Personality
● It has both physical and psychological
characteristics.
● It is dynamic not static.
● It is unique.
● It continuously adjusts to the environment.
● It is also effected by the environment.
● It helps in prediction of behaviour.
4. Type and Trait approaches of
Personality
Type Approach
It defines human personality in broader sense. According to which personality refers to one
particular type and that type includes some specific behavioural characteristics
Personality traits.
A personality trait is a personality characteristic that endures (lasts) over time and across
different situations
Trait theories of personality focus on measuring, identifying and describing individual
differences in personality in terms of traits
Focus is on what is different- not what is the same
Can be used to predict behaviour based on traits
5. Types Vs Traits
Personality type refers to the psychological classification of different
types of people
Personality trait refers to psychological classification of different
levels or degrees
For example, according to type theories, there are two types of
people, introverts and extroverts. According to trait theories,
introversion and extroversion are part of a continuous dimension,
with many people in the middle.
6. Type Theories:
Type theorists have explained personality on the basis of
physique and temperament. Temperament refers to
emotional aspect of the personality like changes in mood,
tensions, excitement, etc. A ‘type’ is simply a class of
individuals said to share a common collection of
characteristics.
7. CG Jung’s Type Theory:-
CG Jung has classified personality on the basis of sociability character
as Introverts and Extraverts.
Introverts are described as people who share characteristics such as
shyness, social withdrawal, and tendency to talk less. Because of
these characteristics these people appear to be self-centered, unable
to adjust easily in social situations. They are not easily suggestible.
They are future oriented, very sensible and rigid in ideas.
8. CG Jung’s Type Theory:-
Extraverts share a tendency to be outgoing, friendly, talkative, and social in
nature. They prefer social contacts, generous, sportive, and courageous.
They are happy-go-lucky persons and show interest in present reality than
future. They express their feelings openly. Take decisions quickly and act
upon quickly. They are not affected easily by difficulties.
Ambiverts:
There are only few people who are pure introverts or pure extraverts. The
remaining majority of people possess both the qualities of introverts and
extraverts.Such people are called as Ambiverts. This classification was
made by psychologists who came after Jung.
9. Hippocrates 4 Temperaments
Hippocrates suggests that there are four fundamental personality
types,
● Sanguine (pleasure-seeking and sociable),
● Choleric (ambitious and leader-like),
● Melancholic (analytical and literal), and
● Phlegmatic (relaxed and thoughtful).
We all have qualities from all 4 temperaments. Different qualities are
developed through various stages of life. Childhood highlights the
sanguine, early adulthood highlights choleric, parenthood highlights
phlegmatic, older age highlights melancholic.
