1. Shot types
Extreme wide shot
This can be used as an establishing shot; it shows the viewer the setting,
for example, a shot looking down on New York could be used to give
the audience an understanding of where it is, in this case, a city.
Wide shot
A wide shot can be used to show the setting at a smaller scale than the
extreme wide shot, for example, instead of an entire city a wide shot
could show a room in a house, or an office.
Close up
A close up can be used to conveyemotion or detail on the subject; this
shot can be used to help the viewer feel more connected to the
subject.
Extreme close up
An extreme close up is used to show great detail on the subject, for
example, if it was an ECU on someone’s face it would be used to
convey the emotions of the character. If an ECU was used on
someone’s hand, for example, opening a door, this would tell the
audience that opening the door is a very important part of the clip
and something will probably happen behind the door.
Midshot
A midshot can be used when the fine detail isn’t needed but it signifies
the viewer to focus on what the subject may be saying. A midshot
could be used when a character is giving information, especially if they
are gesturing with their arms.
Cutaway
This shot can be used to distract the viewer from the subject, perhaps
to imply the subject is feeling confused and disorientated by all the
noises and actions happening around him/her. It can also be used to
inform the viewer of what else is happening, for example, a cutaway
shot of a clock would give the viewer the impression of time passing.
Over the shoulder shot
This shot helps to establish the position of each person, and get the feel
of looking at one person from the other's point of view.
You normally cut between these shots during a conversation, changing
the view between the people speaking.
Point of view shot
This shot shows a view from a character’s perspective and can be used
to make the viewer feel as the character may be feeling.

2. Tracking shot
The camera travels alongside the action at a constant distance.
Pan
This is a horizontal camera movement in which the camera moves left
or right on a fixed axis, in a swivelling motion.
Tilt
This is a vertical camera movement in which the camera points up or
down from a stationary location.
Dolly shot
A dolly shot is moving the camera along tracks closer to or away from
the subject/action.