This document discusses iodine, a trace mineral that plays an important role in thyroid hormone synthesis. It notes that iodine deficiency can cause enlargement of the thyroid gland (goiter) and other issues like mental retardation and depression. While iodine is essential, too much iodine can also cause thyroid problems like hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. The document provides recommended daily iodine intake amounts and notes that researchers have developed a lithium-iodine battery with double the energy density of lithium-ion batteries.

1. Jennifer Soto
and LeShone
Jackson

5.  Iodine is a trace mineral and a nutrient found
naturally in the body. At present, the only
physiologic role known for iodine in the human
body is in the synthesis of thyroid hormones by
the thyroid gland.

6.  Iodine deficiency disorders, the collective
name for endemic goiter.
 When iodine availability decreases and
plasma levels of T4 hormone drop, the
pituitary gland secretes thyroid-stimulating
hormone.
 Thyroid enlargement called goiter.
 Mental imbalances such as depression and
anxiety
 Mental retardation
 Fetal hypothyroidism

7.  Iodine toxicity can cause enlargement of the
thyroid gland and decreased thyroid hormone
synthesis.
 Toxicities have reported in Japan and in Chile
 Hypothyroidism is the most common result in
the iodine toxicity, excess iodine intakes also
may increase the risk of hyperthyroidism,
autoimmune thyroid disease, and thyroid
cancer.

10. Ages: 19–50
1.5 g/1,500 mg
3,800 mg, or ⅔ teaspoon (tsp.)
2.3 g/2,300 mg (equivalent to 5.8
g/5,800 mg, or 1 tsp., salt)

11. Asian Scientist (Jul. 8, 2013) - Researchers
have developed a lithium-iodine battery
system that has double the energy density
of conventional lithium-ion batteries. This
was achieved by replacing the organic
electrolyte in conventional lithium-ion
electrochemical cells with water.
FUN FACT:

12.  www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/salt-
and-sodium/sodium-health-risks-and-
disease/