Science-6th-primary-2nd-term_ علوم 6 إبتدائي التيرم الثاني #خواجه

1. ‫اﻻوﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪه‬‫اﻟﺤﺮﻛﮫ‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮى‬
‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬ ‫أﻧﻮاع‬ ‫اﻻول‬ ‫اﻟﺪرس‬
‫ﺴﯿﻄﺔ‬‫اﻟﺒ‬ ‫اﻵﻻت‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺪﯾﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺪم‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺬ‬ ‫اﻹﻧﺴﺎن‬ ‫اﺧﺘﺮع‬‫ﺸﺎﻗﺔ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺎم‬‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﮭ‬ ‫ﺎم‬‫اﻟﻘﯿ‬ ‫ﻰ‬‫ﻋﻠ‬ ‫ﺴﺎﻋﺪه‬‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﻰ‬‫ﻟﻜ‬
‫وﯾﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﮭﻮﻟﺔ‬‫و‬‫ﻧﻮﻋﺎن‬ ‫اﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻻﻻت‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ‬ ‫ﯾﻤﻜﻦ‬
١-‫ﺑﺴ‬ ‫اﻻت‬‫ﯿﻄﺔ‬٢-‫ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺔ‬ ‫اﻻت‬
‫اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻰ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫اﻹﻧﺴﺎن‬ ‫اﺧﺘﺮﻋﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺴﯿﻄﺔ‬ ‫اﻵﻻت‬ ‫أول‬‫ھﻰ‬‫ا‬‫ﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬ ‫وﺻﻒ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﺪ‬ ‫و‬
‫ﻣﺮه‬ ‫ﻻول‬‫ﻋﺎم‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬٢٦٠‫اﻟﯿﻮﻧﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻮاﺳﻄﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﯿﻼد‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬)‫أرﺷﻤﯿﺪس‬(
‫اﻟﺮاﻓﻌﮫ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒ‬
‫ھﻰ‬‫ﺑﻨ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﻤﻰ‬ ‫ﺛﺎﺑﺘﮫ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﮫ‬ ‫ﺣﻮل‬ ‫ﺗﺘﺤﺮك‬ ‫ﻣﺘﯿﻨﮫ‬ ‫ﺳﺎق‬‫ﻘ‬‫ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﮫ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻗﻮه‬ ‫ﻋﻠﯿﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺆﺛﺮ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻻرﺗﻜﺎز‬ ‫ﻄﮫ‬
‫ﻟﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺎن‬ ‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﺘﺮك‬ ‫و‬١(‫ﻣﻨﺤﻨﯿﮫ‬ ‫او‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻤﮫ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﯿﻨﮫ‬ ‫ﺳﺎق‬
٢(‫اﻟﺠﺴﻢ‬ ‫ھﺬا‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﯾﺘﻮﻟﺪ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺮﯾﻜﮫ‬ ‫ﯾﺮاد‬ ‫ﺟﺴﻢ‬ ‫وﺟﻮد‬)‫ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﮫ‬(
٣(‫اﻟﺠﺴ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺤﺮﯾﻚ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﺑﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﯾﺆﺛﺮ‬ ‫ﻗﻮه‬ ‫وﺟﻮد‬‫ﻢ‬
٤(‫ﺗﺴﻤﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﺎق‬ ‫ﻋﻠﯿﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺗﻜﺰ‬ ‫ﺛﺎﺑﺘﮫ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﮫ‬ ‫وﺟﻮد‬)‫اﻻرﺗﻜﺎز‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﮫ‬(
‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬ ‫اھﻤﯿﮫ‬‫ﺑﺄﻻﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﯿﺎﻣﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﮭﻮﻟﮫ‬ ‫اﻛﺜﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﮭﺎم‬ ‫اداء‬ ‫ﺗﺠﻌﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬
١(‫اﻟﻌﺘﻠﮫ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮه‬ ‫ﺗﻜﺒﯿﺮ‬‫اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬ ‫اﻧﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺣﯿﺚ‬‫ﺻﻐﯿﺮه‬ ‫ﻗﻮه‬ ‫اﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬ ‫طﺮﯾﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺬول‬
‫ﻟﺘﺤﺮﯾﻚ‬‫ﻛﺒﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﻞ‬
٢(‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﺒﯿﺮ‬:‫ﯾﺪ‬ ‫أﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﺻﻐﯿﺮة‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﯾﺪك‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺮك‬ ‫ﺣﯿﺚ‬ ‫اﻟﯿﺪوﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻜﻨﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬
‫أﻛﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻔﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺰء‬ ‫ﯾﺘﺤﺮك‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻨﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻜﻨﺴﺔ‬.
٣(‫اﻟﺴﺮﻋﺔ‬ ‫زﯾﺎدة‬:‫اﻟﮭﻮﻛﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﺼﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬
٤(‫آﺧﺮ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎن‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻞ‬:‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﻟﻨﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﯿﺪوﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻜﻨﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬‫ﻷﺳﻔﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﻮة‬
‫ﺑﺪﻻ‬ً‫اﻟﻘﻤﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺠﻤﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﺨﺺ‬ ‫اﻧﺤﻨﺎء‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬.
٥(‫اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫أداء‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺪﻗﺔ‬:‫ﺟﺪا‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻐﯿﺮة‬ ‫اﻷﺟﺴﺎم‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻘﺎط‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﯾﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬ ‫اﻟﺬى‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻠﻘﻂ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ً.
٦(‫اﻟﻤﺨﺎطﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﻨﺐ‬:‫ﯾﺤﻤﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺬى‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺤﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺳﻚ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﻤﻮاد‬ ‫واﻟﺒﺮودة‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮارة‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬
‫اﻹﻧﺴﺎن‬‫ﻣﻦ‬‫اﻟﺤﺮارة‬.
‫ﻣﻠﺤﻮظﮫ‬‫وﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻮﺿﻊ‬ ‫وﻓﻘﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺮاﻓﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺆدﯾﮭﺎ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﯾﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻮظﺎﺋﻒ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﯾﺘﻢ‬ً
‫ا‬‫اﻟﺒﻌ‬ ‫ﻟﺒﻌﻀﮭﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻻرﺗﻜﺎز‬‫ﺾ‬
‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬ ‫أﻧﻮاع‬)١(‫اﻷول‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬.
)٢(‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬)٣(‫اﻟﻨ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﻮع‬.
)١(‫اﻷول‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬
‫واﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫اﻻرﺗﻜﺎز‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﯿﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ھﻰ‬.
)‫اﻟﯿﻮﻣﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﯿﺎﺗﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﺷﯿﻮﻋﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬ ‫أﻧﻮاع‬ ‫أﻛﺜﺮ‬ ‫وھﻰ‬ً(
‫اﻣﺜﻠﺔ‬‫اﻻرﺟﻮﺣﺔ‬،‫اﻟﻌﺘﻠﺔ‬،‫اﻟﻤﻘﺺ‬،‫اﻻﻧﺴﺎن‬ ‫ذراع‬
‫اﻟﻜﻤﺎﺷﺔ‬،‫اﻟﻤﺮﻛﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﺪاف‬،‫اﻟﻤﺎء‬ ‫طﻠﻤﺒﺔ‬،‫اﻟﻤﯿﺰا‬‫ن‬٢٢
‫ﺛﺎﻧﯿﺎ‬:-‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬
‫و‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﯿﮭﺎ‬‫ﻧﻘﻄﮫ‬‫اﻻرﺗﻜﺎز‬
‫اﻣﺜﻠﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺤﺪﯾﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﺑﺔ‬،‫اﻟﻐﺎزﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﯿﺎه‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺎﺣﺔ‬،‫اﻟﺒﻨﺪق‬ ‫ﻛﺴﺎرة‬
‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﺛﺎﻟﺜﺎ‬
‫و‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﯿﮭﺎ‬‫ﻧﻘﻄﮫ‬‫اﻻرﺗﻜﺎز‬
‫اﻣﺜﻠﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺪﺑﺎﺳﺔ‬،‫اﻟﻤﻠﻘﻂ‬،‫اﻟﻔﺤﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺳﻚ‬،‫ﺻﻨﺎ‬‫اﻟﺴﻤﻚ‬ ‫رة‬،
‫اﻟﺤﻠﻮى‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺳﻚ‬،‫اﻟﮭﻮﻛﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﺼﺎ‬،‫اﻟﯿﺪوﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻜﻨﺴﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻠﺤﻮظﮫ‬‫اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬
‫اﻟﺮاﻓﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﻮع‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻌﺮف‬ ‫ﻛﯿﻒ‬
‫طﺮﯾﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬١-‫اﻟﺮاﻓﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ‬ ‫طﺮﯾﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﯿﻞ‬
٢-‫واﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿﻊ‬ ‫ﺣﺪد‬
‫ﺑﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﻋﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺣﺪد‬ ‫ﺛﻢ‬ ‫اﻻرﺗﻜﺎز‬ ‫وﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻮﺳﻂ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﮭﻤﺎ‬ ‫اى‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿﻊ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻮ‬‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﺿﻊ‬‫اﻟﻮﺳﻂ‬‫ﻧﻘﻄﮫ‬‫اﻻرﺗﻜﺎز‬‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬
‫اﻟﺮاﻓ‬ ‫ﻧﻮع‬‫ﻌﮫ‬١٢٣
‫ﻣ‬‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬ ‫أﻧﻮاع‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﻘﺎرﻧﺔ‬
‫اﻻول‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬
١-‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫اﻻرﺗﻜﺎز‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻮﺳﻂ‬
٢-‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫اﻻرﺗﻜﺎز‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬
‫واﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬
‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬:‫اﻟﻤﻘﺺ‬–‫اﻟﻤﯿﺰان‬–
‫اﻟﻜﻤﺎﺷﺔ‬–‫اﻟﻤﺮﻛﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﺪاف‬
١-‫اﻟﻮﺳﻂ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬
٢-‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬
‫اﻻرﺗﻜﺎز‬ ‫وﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬:-‫اﻟﺤﺪﯾﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﺑﺔ‬–‫ﻓﺘﺎﺣﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻐﺎزﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﯿﺎه‬–‫ﻛﺴﺎرة‬
‫اﻟﺒﻨﺪق‬
١-‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬
‫اﻟﻮﺳﻂ‬
٢-‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬
‫وﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬
‫اﻻرﺗﻜﺎز‬
‫اﻟﺴﻤﻚ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﺎرة‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬–
‫اﻟﻤﻜﻨ‬‫اﻟﯿﺪوﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﺴﺔ‬–
‫اﻟﺤﻠﻮى‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺳﻚ‬–
‫اﻟﺪﺑﺎﺳﺔ‬

2. ‫ﺗﺪرﯾﺒﺎت‬
‫س‬١‫اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺢ‬ ‫اﻛﺘﺐ‬
١-‫ﻋﺎم‬ ‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬ ‫وﺻﻒ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اول‬٢٦٠‫م‬ ‫ق‬
٢-‫اﻟﺮاﻓﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻮﻓﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﺔ‬ ‫اداء‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺴﺎن‬ ‫ﯾﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﮭﺎ‬ ‫وﺳﯿﻠﺔ‬
٣-‫ﻧ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﻤﻰ‬ ‫ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﻮل‬ ‫ﺗﺘﺤﺮك‬ ‫ﻣﺘﯿﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺎق‬‫ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻗﻮة‬ ‫ﻋﻠﯿﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺛﺮ‬ ‫ﯾﺆ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻻرﺗﻜﺎز‬ ‫ﻘﻄﺔ‬
٤-‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫اﻻرﺗﻜﺎز‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﯿﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬
٥-‫اﻟﻤﺸﺒﻚ‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻤﺎﺷﺔ‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻻرﺟﻮﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬ ‫اﻧﻮاع‬ ‫اﺣﺪ‬
٦-‫اﻻرض‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻜﺰة‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺘﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬ ‫اﻧﻮاع‬ ‫اﺣﺪ‬
٧-‫اﻻ‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﯿﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬ ‫اﻧﻮاع‬ ‫اﺣﺪ‬‫رﺗﻜﺎز‬
٨-‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻻرﺗﻜﺎز‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ﻓﯿﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬
٩-‫اﻻرﺗﻜﺎز‬ ‫وﻣﺤﻮر‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﯿﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬
١١-‫ﻣﺘﯿﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺎق‬ ‫ﻋﻠﯿﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺗﻜﺰ‬ ‫ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬
‫س‬٢‫ﯾﺄﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫اﻛﻤﻞ‬
١-‫ﻋﺎم‬ ‫ﻣﺮة‬ ‫ﻻول‬ ‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬ ‫وﺻﻒ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ‬٢٦٠‫اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻮاﺳﻄﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﯿﻼد‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬............
٢-................‫اﻻﻧﺴﺎن‬ ‫اﺧﺘﺮﻋﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺴﯿﻄﺔ‬ ‫اﻻﻻت‬ ‫اول‬
٣-‫اﻟﻤﮭﺎم‬ ‫اداء‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺴﺎن‬ ‫اﻻﻻت‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺎﻋﺪ‬...............‫ﺑﻤﺠﮭﻮد‬..........................
٤-........................‫ﺳﮭﻮﻟﺔ‬ ‫اﻛﺜﺮ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺴﺎن‬ ‫ﺑﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﯾﻘﻮم‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﮭﺎم‬ ‫ﺗﺠﻌﻞ‬ ‫اداة‬ ‫ھﻰ‬
٥-‫ﺗ‬‫ﺼ‬‫ﻻت‬ ‫اﻻ‬ ‫اﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺴﺎن‬ ‫ﯾﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫اﻻﻻت‬ ‫ﻨﻒ‬................‫و‬........................
٦-‫ﻣﺘﯿﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺎق‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻻﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻜﻮن‬..........................‫او‬................................
٧-‫ﺗﺴﻤﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺮﯾﻜﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮاد‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺴﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺠﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬...............................
٨-‫ب‬ ‫ﻟﻼﻟﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺘﯿﻨﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﺎق‬ ‫ﻋﻠﯿﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺗﻜﺰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺜﺎﺑﺘﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮف‬...........................
٩-................‫ﺗﺆﺛﺮ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻻرﺗﻜﺎز‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﻤﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﻮل‬ ‫ﺗﺘﺤﺮك‬ ‫ﻣﺘﯿﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺎق‬ ‫ھﻰ‬
‫ﻋﻠﯿﮭﺎ‬..................‫و‬.............................
١٠-.....................‫ﻟﻼﻧﺴﺎن‬ ‫اﺧﺘﺮﻋﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺴﯿﻄﺔ‬ ‫اﻻﻻت‬ ‫اول‬
١١-‫ﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺮواﻓ‬ ‫ﺎﺋﻒ‬ ‫وظ‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫ﻣ‬.........................‫و‬.............................‫و‬..........................
١٢-‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬ ‫اﻧﻮاع‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬..........................‫و‬.........................‫و‬...........................
١٣-‫ﻟﻤﻮﺿﻊ‬ ‫وﻓﻘﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﺑﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻮم‬ ‫ان‬ ‫ﯾﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﺤﺪداﻟﻮظﺎﺋﻒ‬...........‫و‬............‫و‬...........
١٤-‫ﺗﻘﻊ‬.................‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬...................‫و‬.............................‫اﻻول‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬
١٥-‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪ‬...........................‫ﺣﯿﺎﺗﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﺷﯿﻮﻋﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬ ‫اﻧﻮاع‬ ‫اﻛﺜﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
١٦-‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺮاﻓﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫اﻻرﺗﻜﺎز‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬....................
‫س‬٣‫ﻋﻼﻣﮫ‬ ‫ﺿﻊ‬)√(‫ﻋﻼﻣﮫ‬ ‫او‬)×(
١-‫اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺴﯿﻄﺔ‬ ‫اﻻﻻت‬
٢-‫ﻓﻘﻂ‬ ‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﻋﺎن‬ ‫ﯾﻮﺟﺪ‬
٣-‫اﻟﺤﻠﻮى‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺳﻚ‬‫اﻻول‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫راﻓﻌﺔ‬
٤-‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫اﻻرﺗﻜﺎز‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻊ‬ ‫اﻻول‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬
٥-‫اﻣﺜﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺺ‬‫رواﻓﻊ‬‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬
٦-‫ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻗﻮة‬ ‫ﻓﯿﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﯾﺆﺛﺮ‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻻرﺗﻜﺎز‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﻮل‬ ‫ﺗﺘﺤﺮك‬ ‫ﻣﺘﯿﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺎق‬ ‫اﻟﺮاﻓﻌﺔ‬
٧-‫ﯾﺴﺮ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺑﺴﮭﻮﻟﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﺎﻗﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﮭﺎم‬ ‫اداء‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺴﺎن‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺎﻋﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬
٨-‫ﻓﻘﻂ‬ ‫واﺣﺪة‬ ‫وظﯿﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺆدى‬ ‫اﻧﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬ ‫اھﻤﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺟﻊ‬
٩-‫اﻛﺜﺮ‬ ‫او‬ ‫واﺣﺪة‬ ‫ﺑﻮظﯿﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﯿﺎﻣﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﮭﻮﻟﺔ‬ ‫اﻛﺜﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﮭﺎم‬ ‫اداء‬ ‫ﺗﺠﻌﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬
١٠-‫اﻻول‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫راﻓﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺪﯾﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﺑﺔ‬
١١-‫اﻻول‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺘﻠﺔ‬
١٢-‫ا‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫اﻻرﺗﻜﺎز‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬‫ﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬
١٣-‫اﻻرﺗﻜﺎز‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ﻓﯿﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬
١٤-‫اﻻرﺗﻜﺎز‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﯿﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫اﻻول‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬
١٥-‫اﻻول‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫راﻓﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﻧﺴﺎن‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻈﻤﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﮭﯿﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﻗﺒﺔ‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻟﺮاس‬ ‫ﯾﻌﺘﺒﺮ‬
١٦-‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﯿﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬‫واﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫اﻻرﺗﻜﺎز‬
‫س‬٤‫اﻻﻗﻮاس‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺤﯿﺤﮫ‬ ‫اﻻﺟﺎﺑﮫ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﯿﺮ‬
١-‫ﻋﺎم‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺮة‬ ‫ﻻول‬ ‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬ ‫وﺻﻒ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ‬٢٦٠‫اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻮاﺳﻄﺔ‬ ‫م‬ ‫ق‬
)‫اﺳﻜﻨﺪر‬-‫ارﺷﻤﯿﺪس‬–‫ﻧﯿﻮﺗﻦ‬(
٢-‫اﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺴﯿﻄﺔ‬ ‫اﻻﻻت‬ ‫اول‬‫اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻰ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺴﺎن‬ ‫اﺧﺘﺮﻋﮭﺎ‬)‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬–‫اﻟﺪراﺟﺔ‬-‫اﺟﺎﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﺪ‬ ‫ﻻ‬(
٣-‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬ ‫اﻣﺜﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬)‫اﻟﻔﺤﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺳﻚ‬–‫اﻟﺤﺪﯾﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﺑﺔ‬–‫اﻟﺤﺴﺎس‬ ‫اﻟﻤﯿﺰان‬(
٤-‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺮاﻓﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺎن‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻻرﺗﻜﺎز‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬
)‫اﻻول‬–‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ‬–‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬(
٥-‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﯿﻊ‬---------‫اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬ ‫ﻻ‬)‫اﻻول‬–‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ‬–‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬(
٦-‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫راﻓﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻤﺎﺷﺔ‬--------)‫اﻻول‬–‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ‬–‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬(
٧-‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬)‫اﻟﺤﺪﯾﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﺑﺔ‬–‫اﻟﻤﻘﺺ‬–‫اﻟﻔﺤﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺳﻚ‬–‫اﻟﺸﺎﻛﻮش‬(
٨-‫ﻋﺪا‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﯾﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬
)‫اﻟﯿﺪوﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻜﻨﺴﺔ‬–‫اﻟﺼﻨﺎرة‬–‫اﻟﻔﺤﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺳﻚ‬–‫اﻟﺒﻨﺪق‬ ‫ﻛﺴﺎرة‬(
٩-‫اﻟﺮ‬ ‫وظﺎﺋﻒ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﯾﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬‫ﻋﺪا‬ ‫واﻓﻊ‬
)‫اﻟﻤﺨﺎطﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﻨﺐ‬–‫اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫اداء‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺪﻗﺔ‬–‫اﻟﺴﺮﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻠﯿﻞ‬–‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ﺗﻜﺒﯿﺮ‬(
١٠-‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫راﻓﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺪم‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻟﺴﺎق‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮ‬)‫اﻻول‬–‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ‬–‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬(
١١-‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫راﻓﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻮرق‬ ‫دﺑﺎﺳﺔ‬)‫اﻻ‬‫ول‬–‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ‬–‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬(
١٢-‫اﻻرﺗﻜﺎز‬ ‫وﻣﺤﻮر‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ﻓﯿﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎﻟﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬ ‫اى‬
)‫اﻟﺒﻨﺪق‬ ‫ﻛﺴﺎرة‬–‫اﻟﻤﻘﺺ‬–‫اﻟﺤﻠﻮى‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺳﻚ‬(
١٣-‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫اﻻول‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﺘﻠﻒ‬
)‫ﻋﺪم‬‫ﻣﺆﺛﺮة‬ ‫ﻗﻮة‬ ‫وﺟﻮد‬–‫ﻋﻠﯿﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺗﻜﺰ‬ ‫ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫وﺟﻮد‬–‫اﻻرﺗﻜﺎز‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿﻊ‬(
‫س‬٥‫ﯾﺄﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻞ‬
١-‫ﺣﯿﺎﺗﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫اھﻤﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺮواﻓﻊ‬٢-‫اﻻول‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫راﻓﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺺ‬
٣-‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫راﻓﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺪﯾﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﺑﺔ‬٤-‫اﻟ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﺘﻠﻒ‬‫ﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬

3. ‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮن‬ ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺪرس‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﮫ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻗﻮه‬ ‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺆﺛﺮ‬‫اﻻﺣﯿﺎن‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮه‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫و‬‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﺻﻐﺮ‬
‫ﻣﻌﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﺴﺎوى‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻣﻨﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻛﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﮫ‬‫اﻟﺮاﻓﻌﮫ‬ ‫ﻧﻮع‬ ‫ﺑﺤﺴﺐ‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫و‬
‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﮫ‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮه‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﻼ‬ ‫ﻗﯿﻤﮫ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪد‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ھﻨﺎك‬
‫ذر‬‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫اع‬‫اﻻرﺗﻜﺎز‬ ‫وﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ھﻮ‬
‫ذراع‬‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬‫اﻻرﺗﻜﺎز‬ ‫وﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ھﻮ‬
‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ھﻮ‬ ‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮن‬×‫ذراﻋﮭﺎ‬=‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬×‫ذراﻋﮭﺎ‬
‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮن‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻣﺜﻠﮫ‬
١-‫راﻓﻌﺔ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬‫اﻷول‬‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬‫اﻟﻤﺆﺛﺮة‬‫ﻋﻠﯿﮭﺎ‬‫ﺗﺴﺎوى‬٥٠٠‫ﻧﯿﻮﺗﻦ‬‫وطﻮل‬‫ذراﻋﮭﺎ‬٢٠‫ﺳﻢ‬
‫ﺗﺆﺛﺮ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫ﻗﻮة‬‫ﻣﻘﺪارھﺎ‬٢٠٠‫ﻧﯿﻮﺗﻦ‬،‫ﻓﺎﺣﺴﺐ‬‫ذراع‬‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬.
‫اﻟﺤﻞ‬
‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬×‫ذراﻋﮭﺎ‬=‫ذراﻋﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬
٥٠٠×٢٠=٢٠٠×‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣ‬ ‫ذراع‬‫ﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ذراع‬١٠٠٠÷٢٠٠=٥٠‫ﺳﻢ‬
٢-‫راﻓﻌﺔ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ‬‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬‫اﻟﻤﺆﺛﺮة‬‫ﻋﻠﯿﮭﺎ‬‫ﺗﺴﺎوى‬٢٠٠‫ﻧﯿﻮﺗﻦ‬‫وطﻮل‬‫ذراﻋﮭﺎ‬٥٠‫ﺳﻢ‬
‫ﺗﺆﺛﺮ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫ﻣﻘﺪارھﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬١٠٠٠‫ﻧﯿﻮﺗﻦ‬،‫ﻓﺎﺣﺴﺐ‬‫ذراع‬‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬.
‫اﻟﺤﻞ‬
‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬×‫ذراﻋﮭﺎ‬=‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬×‫ذراﻋﮭﺎ‬
٢٠٠×٥٠=١٠٠٠×‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ذراع‬
‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ذراع‬=١٠٠٠٠÷١٠٠٠=١٠‫ﺳﻢ‬
‫ﺗﺪرﯾﺐ‬
١-‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮن‬ ‫ﻹﺛﺒﺎت‬ ‫ﺗﺠﺮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬٥٠‫واﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﯿﻮﺗﻦ‬١٠٠‫ﻧﯿﻮﺗﻦ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ذراع‬ ‫وطﻮل‬٢٠‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ذراع‬ ‫طﻮل‬ ‫أوﺟﺪ‬ ‫ﺳﻢ‬.
٢-‫اﻵﺗﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫أﺧﺬت‬ ‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮن‬ ‫ﻹﺛﺒﺎت‬ ‫ﺗﺠﺮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬:
‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬=٧٥‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ذراع‬ ، ‫ﻧﯿﻮﺗﻦ‬٥٠‫ﺳﻢ‬‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ذراع‬ ،=٣٠‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫أوﺟﺪ‬ ، ‫ﺳﻢ‬.
٣-‫ﺗﺆﺛﺮ‬‫ﻗﻮة‬‫ﻣﻘﺪارھﺎ‬٥٠٠٠‫ﻧﯿﻮﺗﻦ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫إﺣﺪى‬‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬‫وطﻮل‬‫ذراع‬‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬‫ﺗﺴﺎوى‬٢٠
‫ﻣﺘﺮا‬ً‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬‫ﺗﺆﺛﺮ‬‫ﻋﻠﯿﮭﺎ‬‫ﻣﻘﺪارھﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬١٠٠٠٠‫ﻧﯿﻮﺗﻦ‬،‫وطﻮل‬‫ذراع‬‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬٥‫أﻣﺘﺎر‬،‫ھﻞ‬
‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬‫ھﺬه‬‫اﻟﺮاﻓﻌﺔ‬‫ﻓﻰ‬‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬‫إﺗﺰان‬
٤-‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫راﻓﻌﺔ‬‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ذراع‬ ‫طﻮل‬ ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬٥‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ذراع‬ ‫وطﻮل‬ ‫ﺳﻢ‬١٥‫ﻓﺈذا‬ ‫ﺳﻢ‬
‫ﺗﺴﺎوى‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬٣٠٠‫اﻟﻤﺆﺛﺮة‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫اﺣﺴﺐ‬ ، ‫ﻧﯿﻮﺗﻦ‬
‫ﻣﺜﺎل‬‫واﺣﺪا‬ ‫ﺛﻘﻼ‬ ‫ﻓﯿﮫ‬ ‫ﺗﻀﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺬى‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻊ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺮﺳﻢ‬ ‫ﺣﺪد‬ً ً
‫اﻟﺘﺎﻟﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﺷﻜﺎل‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫اﺗﺰاﻧﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺮاﻓﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﯿﻌﻮد‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻂ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺄن‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﺎ‬ً‫ﻓﺘﺤﺘﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬١‫ﺳﻢ‬:
‫اﻟﺤـــﻞ‬:‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮن‬ ‫ﺑﺘﻄﺒﯿﻖ‬:
‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬×‫ذراﻋﮭﺎ‬=‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬×‫ذراﻋﮭﺎ‬
‫ا‬‫ﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬=١‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺛﻘﻞ‬=٢‫ﺛﻘﻞ‬
‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬=١‫ﺛﻘﻞ‬‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬=٢‫ﺛﻘﻞ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ذراع‬=٢‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ذراع‬ ‫ﺳﻢ‬=٢‫ﺳﻢ‬
‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬×‫ذراﻋﮭﺎ‬=‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬×‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ذراﻋﮭﺎ‬×‫ذراﻋﮭﺎ‬=‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬×‫ذراﻋﮭﺎ‬
١×‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ذراع‬=١×٢١×‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ذراع‬=٢×٢
‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ذراع‬=٢÷١=٢‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ذراع‬ ‫ﺳﻢ‬=٤÷١=٤‫ﺳﻢ‬
‫اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻔﺴﯿﺮ‬ ‫اذﻛﺮ‬:-
‫اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﻻﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬:
‫ﻷن‬‫ذراع‬‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬‫ﯾﻜﻮن‬‫أﻗﺼﺮ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ذراع‬‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬‫وﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻰ‬‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬‫أﻛﺒﺮ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬
‫ﻓﻼ‬‫ﺗﻌﻤﻞ‬‫اﻟﺮاﻓﻌﺔ‬‫اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫اﺣﯿﺎﻧﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬ ‫اﻻول‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬ً‫ﺑﺴﺒﺐ‬
١-‫إذا‬‫ﻛﺎن‬‫ذراع‬‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬‫أطﻮل‬‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ذراع‬‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬‫و‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﮫ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﺻﻐﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮه‬ ‫ﻓﺎن‬
‫ﺗ‬‫اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻌﻤﻞ‬
٢-‫ا‬‫ذا‬‫ﺗﺴﺎوى‬‫ذراع‬‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬‫ﻣﻊ‬‫ذراع‬‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬)‫اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻻﺗﻌﻤﻞ‬(
٣-‫إذا‬‫ﻛﺎن‬‫ذراع‬‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬‫أﻗﺼﺮ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ذراع‬‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬‫و‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﮫ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻛﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮه‬ ‫ﻓﺎن‬
‫اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻻﺗﻌﻤﻞ‬
‫داﺋﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬ً‫ﺑﺴﺒﺐ‬‫ذراع‬‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬‫ﯾﻜﻮن‬‫داﺋﻤﺎ‬ً‫أطﻮل‬‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ذراع‬
‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬‫وﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻰ‬‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬‫داﺋﻤﺎ‬ً‫أﺻﻐﺮ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬‫ﻓﺘﻌﻤﻞ‬‫اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺮاﻓﻌﺔ‬
‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬‫اﻟ‬‫ﺮواﻓﻊ‬‫ذات‬‫أھﻤﯿﺔ‬‫ﻟﻺﻧﺴﺎن‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫اﻟﺮﻏﻢ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬‫أﻧﮭﺎ‬‫ﻻ‬‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬‫اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬‫ﻻﻧﮫ‬‫ﯾﻤﻜﻦ‬‫أن‬
‫ﺗﺴﺎﻋﺪ‬‫ھﺬه‬‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬‫ﻓﻰ‬‫زﯾﺎدة‬‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ‬‫أو‬‫زﯾﺎدة‬‫اﻟﺴﺮﻋﺔ‬‫أو‬‫زﯾﺎدة‬‫اﻟﺪﻗﺔ‬‫أو‬‫ﺗﺠﻨﺐ‬‫اﻟﻤﺨﺎطﺮ‬.

4. ‫ﻣﻠﺤﻮظﮫ‬‫ﯾﻤﻜﻦ‬‫أن‬‫ﺗﺘﺴﺎوى‬‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬‫ﻣﻊ‬‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬‫ﻓﻰ‬‫رواﻓﻊ‬‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬‫اﻷول‬‫ﻓﻘﻂ‬‫ﻷن‬‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬
‫اﻟﺘﻰ‬‫ﺗﺘﻮاﺟﺪ‬‫ﻓﯿﮭﺎ‬‫ﻧﻘ‬‫ﻄﺔ‬‫اﻻرﺗﻜﺎز‬‫ﻓﻰ‬‫اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺼﻒ‬‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬‫واﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬‫ھﻰ‬‫رواﻓﻊ‬‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬‫اﻷول‬.
‫ﺗﺪرﯾﺒﺎت‬
‫س‬١‫اﻛﻤﻞ‬
١-‫ﯾﻜﻮن‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪم‬ ‫اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬ ‫اﻷول‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬..........‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أﻛﺒﺮ‬.................
٢-‫ﻓﺈن‬ ‫اﻟﺮاﻓﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﺗﺰان‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬...............×......... = ........×...........
٣-‫ﺗﺴﻤﻰ‬ ‫اﻻرﺗﻜﺎز‬ ‫وﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ‬........
٤-‫اذا‬ ‫اﻟﺮاﻓﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﺗﺰان‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬‫ﻛﺎن‬‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ﺿﺮب‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺻﻞ‬×‫ﯾﺴﺎوى‬ ‫ذراﻋﮭﺎ‬٦٠‫ﻧﯿﻮﺗﻦ‬/‫ﯾﻜﻮن‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺮ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺿﺮب‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺻﻞ‬×‫ﯾﺴﺎوى‬ ‫ذراﻋﮭﺎ‬................
٥–‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮه‬ ‫ﺗﺘﺴﺎوى‬‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫اذا‬ ‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﮫ‬..........................
٦–‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﻮع‬‫ھﻮ‬ ‫داﺋﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﯾﻮﻓﺮ‬.................‫ﺑﯿﻨﻤﺎ‬‫اﻟﺬى‬‫اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﯾﻮﻓﺮ‬ ‫ﻻ‬.........
‫س‬٢‫ﻋﻼﻣﮫ‬ ‫ﺿﻊ‬)√(‫ﻋﻼﻣﮫ‬ ‫او‬)×(
١-‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ھﻮ‬ ‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮن‬ْ×‫ذراﻋﮭﺎ‬=‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬×‫ذراﻋﮭﺎ‬
٢-‫اﻟﻘﻮ‬ ‫ذراع‬ ‫ﯾﻜﻮن‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬‫اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺮاﻓﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺎن‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ذراع‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﺻﻐﺮ‬ ‫ة‬
٣-‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ذراع‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻛﺒﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ذراع‬ ‫ﯾﻜﻮن‬ ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬
٤-‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻛﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺆﺛﺮة‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮه‬ ‫ﻓﺎن‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ذراع‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أطﻮل‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ذراع‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫إذا‬
٥-‫ﺗﻮﻓ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬ ‫ﻋﺪم‬ ‫ﯾﻔﻀﻞ‬‫ﺮ‬‫اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬
٦-‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ذراع‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻟﻄﻮل‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫اﻷول‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻂ‬ ‫واﺣﺪ‬ ‫اﺣﺘﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﯾﻮﺟﺪ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫وذراع‬
٧-‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﺻﻐﺮ‬ ‫داﺋﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬
‫س‬٣‫ﯾﺄﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻞ‬
١-‫ر‬‫اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬ ‫داﺋﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫واﻓﻊ‬ً.
٢-‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫ﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬‫اﻟﺮﻏﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫أھﻤﯿﺔ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬‫أﻧﮭﺎ‬‫ﻻ‬‫اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬.
٣-‫أﺣﯿﺎﻧﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬ ‫اﻷول‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬ً.
٤-‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أﻛﺒﺮ‬ ‫داﺋﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ً
٥-‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ﺗﺘﺴﺎوى‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﯾﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫اﻷول‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬.
‫س‬٤‫ﻓﻰ‬‫ﺗﺠﺮﺑﺔ‬‫ﻹﺛﺒﺎت‬‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮن‬‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬٥٠‫ﻧ‬‫ﯿﻮﺗﻦ‬‫واﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬١٠٠‫ﻧﯿﻮﺗﻦ‬‫وطﻮل‬
‫ذراع‬‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬٢٠‫ﺳﻢ‬‫أوﺟﺪ‬‫طﻮل‬‫ذراع‬‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬.
‫س‬٥‫ﻓﻰ‬‫ﺗﺠﺮﺑﺔ‬‫ﻹﺛﺒﺎت‬‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮن‬‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬‫أﺧﺬت‬‫اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬‫اﻵﺗﯿﺔ‬:
‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬=٧٥‫ﻧﯿﻮﺗﻦ‬،‫ذراع‬‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬٥٠‫ﺳﻢ‬،‫ذراع‬‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬=٣٠‫ﺳﻢ‬،‫أوﺟﺪ‬‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬
‫س‬٦‫ﺣدد‬‫اﻟﺠﮭ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬ ‫اﻵﺗﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أي‬‫اﻟﺴﺒﺐ‬ ‫ذﻛﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺪ‬
‫س‬٧‫ﺧﻂ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺘﮫ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺻﻮب‬
١-‫اﻟﻧوع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﺟﻣﯾﻊ‬‫اﻟﺛﺎﻧﻰ‬‫ﻻﺗوﻓراﻟﺟﮭد‬
٢-‫ﻓﺎن‬ ‫اﻟراﻓﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﺗزان‬ ‫ﻋﻧد‬‫اﻟﻘوة‬+‫ذراﻋﮭﺎ‬=‫اﻟﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬+‫ذرﻋﮭﺎ‬
٣-‫اﻟﺛﺎﻟث‬ ‫اﻟﻧوع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬‫اﻟﺟﮭد‬ ‫ﺗوﻓر‬
٤-‫اﻟﻘوة‬ ‫ذراع‬ ‫ﯾﻛون‬ ‫اﻟﺛﺎﻟث‬ ‫اﻟﻧوع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬‫داﺋﻣﺎ‬ ‫أﻛﺑر‬ً‫ذر‬ ‫ﻣن‬‫اﻟﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫اع‬
٥-‫اﻟﻣؤﺛرة‬ ‫اﻟﻘوة‬ ‫اﻟﺛﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻧوع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬‫أﻛﺑر‬‫اﻟﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣن‬
‫س‬٨‫اﻻﺗﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺪول‬ ‫اﻛﻤﻞ‬
‫اﻟﻘـــــــوة‬‫اﻟﻘـــوة‬ ‫ذراع‬‫اﻟﻣﻘـــﺎوﻣﺔ‬‫اﻟﻣﻘــﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ذراع‬
٢٥١‫أ‬
٣١٠‫ب‬١٠
٤‫ﺟـ‬٢١٠
‫د‬١٥٦٥
‫س‬٩‫اﻟﻌﻤﻮد‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺻﻞ‬)‫ب‬(‫اﻟﻌﻤﻮد‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﯾﻨﺎﺳﺒﮫ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬)‫أ‬(
‫ا‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﻮد‬‫ب‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﻮد‬
١-‫اﻻول‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬
٢-‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬
٣-‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬
٤-‫اﻟﺮاﻓﻌﺔ‬
٥-‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬
٦-‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬
٧-‫اﻻ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬‫رﺗﻜﺎز‬
١–‫داﺋﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬
٢-‫داﺋﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬
٣-‫اﺣﯿﺎﻧﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬
٤-‫ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬
٥-‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﻮل‬ ‫ﺗﺘﺤﺮك‬ ‫ﻣﺘﯿﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺎق‬
٦-‫ﺗﺤﺮﯾﻜﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮاد‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺴﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺘﺞ‬ ‫ﻗﻮة‬

5. ‫اﻻوﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪه‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺪرﯾﺒﺎت‬
‫س‬١‫اﻛﻤﻞ‬
١-‫اﻟﻤﯿ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺎﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫اﻟﻐﺎزﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﺎة‬..........‫ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬....................‫و‬...................
٢-‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ﻓﯿﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬...................‫و‬..............................
٣-‫اﻻول‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬ ‫اﻣﺜﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬.......................‫و‬..............................
٤-‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬ ‫اﻣﺜﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬.......................‫و‬...........................
٥-‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬ ‫اﻣﺜﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬.....................‫و‬...............................
٦-‫طﺮﯾﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﮭﻮﻟﺔ‬ ‫اﻛﺜﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﮭﺎم‬ ‫اداء‬ ‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﻌﻞ‬.....................‫او‬........................
٧-‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺘﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪ‬...................‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫راﻓﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﯿﺪوﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻜﻨﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻨﻤﺎ‬.........
٨-‫طﺮﯾﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﮭﻮﻟﺔ‬ ‫اﻛﺜﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﮭﺎم‬ ‫اداء‬ ‫ﺗﺠﻌﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬..................‫او‬.............‫او‬.........
٩-‫رواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻻﻣﺜﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻨﺪق‬ ‫ﻛﺴﺎرة‬........................
١٠-‫رواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻻﻣﺜﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺺ‬...........................
١١-‫ر‬‫ﯾﻜﻮن‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪم‬ ‫اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬ ‫اﻷول‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫واﻓﻊ‬..........‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أﻛﺒﺮ‬.................
١٢-‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫راﻓﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻮرق‬ ‫دﺑﺎﺳﺔ‬...........‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫راﻓﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺺ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻨﻤﺎ‬..............
١٣-‫اﻟﻨ‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬‫ﻮع‬.......‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻨﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬ ‫دﺋﻤﺎ‬ً.........‫ﻻ‬‫اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬
١٤-‫ﻓﺈن‬ ‫اﻟﺮاﻓﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﺗﺰان‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬...............×......... = ........×...........
١٥-‫ﺗﺴﻤﻰ‬ ‫اﻻرﺗﻜﺎز‬ ‫وﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ‬........
١٦-‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ذراع‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫اذا‬ ‫اﻟﺮاﻓﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬..........‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أﻛﺒﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ﻓﺈن‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ذراع‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
‫س‬٢‫ﻋﻼﻣﮫ‬ ‫ﺿﻊ‬)√(‫ﻋﻼﻣﮫ‬ ‫او‬)×(‫اﻟﺨﻄ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻮﯾﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬‫ﺄ‬
١-‫اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺴﯿﻄﺔ‬ ‫اﻵﻻت‬
٢-‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻂ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﻋﺎن‬ ‫ﯾﻮﺟﺪ‬
٣-‫ﻓﻘﻂ‬ ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﯾﻔﻀﻞ‬
٤-‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬‫واﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮم‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﯿﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻻرﺗﻜﺎز‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻊ‬ ‫اﻷول‬
٥-‫ھﻮ‬ ‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮن‬)‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ْ×‫ذراﻋﮭﺎ‬=‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬×‫ذراﻋﮭﺎ‬(
٦-‫اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺮاﻓﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺎن‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ذراع‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﺻﻐﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ذراع‬ ‫ﯾﻜﻮن‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬
٧-‫ذراع‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻛﺒﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ذراع‬ ‫ﯾﻜﻮن‬ ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬
٨-‫وﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﻮة‬ ‫ﻋﻠﯿﮫ‬ ‫ﺗﺆﺋﺮ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻻرﺗﻜﺎز‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﻮل‬ ‫ﺗﺘﺤﺮك‬ ‫ﻣﺘﯿﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺎق‬ ‫اﻟﺮاﻓﻌﺔ‬
٩-‫ا‬‫وﯾﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﮭﻮﻟﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﺎﻗﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﮭﺎم‬ ‫أداء‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻹﻧﺴﺎن‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺎﻋﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬
١٠-‫ﻓﻘﻂ‬ ‫واﺣﺪة‬ ‫وظﯿﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺆدى‬ ‫أﻧﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬ ‫أھﻤﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺟﻊ‬
١١-‫ذر‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أطﻮل‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ذراع‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫إذا‬‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻛﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺆﺛﺮة‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮه‬ ‫ﻓﺎن‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫اع‬
١٢-‫ﺗﻮﻓ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬ ‫ﻋﺪم‬ ‫ﯾﻔﻀﻞ‬‫ﺮ‬‫اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬
١٣-‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﺻﻐﺮ‬ ‫داﺋﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬
١٤-‫اﻻرﺗﻜﺎز‬ ‫وﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬
١٥-‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫راﻓﻌﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﺮﻗﺒﺔ‬ ‫اﻷس‬ ‫ﯾﻌﺘﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﻺﻧﺴﺎن‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻈﻤﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﮭﯿﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬
‫س‬٣‫ﻗ‬‫اﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬ ‫اﻧﻮاع‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﺎرن‬
‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎرﻧﺔ‬ ‫وﺟﺔ‬‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬‫اﻻول‬‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ‬‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬
‫اﻟﺘﻌﺮﯾﻒ‬
‫اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﯿﺮ‬
‫اﻣﺜﻠﺔ‬
‫س‬٤‫اﻻﺟﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﯿﺮ‬‫اﻻﻗﻮاس‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺤﯿﺤﮫ‬ ‫ﺑﮫ‬
١-‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﯿﻊ‬...............‫اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﻻﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬)‫اﻷول‬–‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ‬-‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬(
٢-‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫راﻓﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻤﺎﺷﺔ‬) .........‫اﻻول‬–‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ‬-‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬(
٣-‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬..............)‫ﻋ‬‫اﻟﺤﺪﯾﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺮﺑﺔ‬–‫اﻟﻤﻘﺺ‬–‫اﻟﻔﺤﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺳﻚ‬(
٤-‫اﻻول‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬) ...........‫داﺋﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬ً–‫اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﻻﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬–‫اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬ ‫أﺣﯿﺎﻧﺎ‬ً(
٥-‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫راﻓﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫واﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻻرﺗﻜﺎز‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬......
)‫اﻻول‬–‫اﻟﺜﺎ‬‫ﻧﻰ‬-‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬(
٦-‫اﻟﻘﻮ‬ ‫ذراع‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫إذا‬‫ة‬‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ﻓﺈن‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ذراع‬ ‫ﯾﺴﺎوى‬...............‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬
)‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أﻗﻞ‬–‫ﺗﺴﺎوى‬-‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أﻛﺒﺮ‬(
٧-‫إذا‬‫ﻛﺎن‬‫اﻟﺮاﻓﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺎن‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ذراع‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻛﺒﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ذراع‬..........
)‫اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬-‫اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﻻﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬-‫اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬ ‫أﺣﯿﺎﻧﺎ‬(
٨-‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬...................‫ﻣﺘﻨﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺎق‬ ‫ﻋﻠﯿﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﯾﺮﺗﻜﺰ‬ ‫ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫ھﻰ‬
)‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ‬–‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ‬–‫اﻻﺗﻜﺎز‬(
٩-‫ﻣﺎﻋﺪا‬ ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﯾﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬) ..........‫اﻟﻤﻜ‬‫اﻟﯿﺪوﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻨﺴﺔ‬–‫اﻟﺴﻤﻚ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﺎرة‬–
‫اﻟﻔﺤﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺳﻚ‬–‫اﻟﺒﻨﺪق‬ ‫ﻛﺴﺎرة‬(
١٠-‫اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎﻟﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬ ‫أى‬.......)‫اﻟﺤﺪﯾﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﺑﺔ‬–‫اﻟﺤﻠﻮى‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺳﻚ‬–‫اﻟﻮرق‬ ‫دﺑﺎﺳﺔ‬(
١١-‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫راﻓﻌﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﻘﺪم‬ ‫اﻟﺴﺎق‬ ‫ﯾﻌﺘﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﻺﻧﺴﺎن‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻈﻤﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﮭﯿﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬............
)‫اﻻول‬–‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ‬–‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬(
‫س‬٥
‫ا‬(‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎﻟﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫أﺧﺬت‬ ‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮن‬ ‫ﻻﺳﺘﻨﺘﺎج‬ ‫ﺗﺠﺮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬١٢٠‫ﺟﺮام‬ ‫ﺛﻘﻞ‬
‫واﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬٢٤٠‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫وذراع‬ ‫ﺟﺮام‬ ‫ﺛﻘﻞ‬٢٠‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ذراع‬ ‫طﻮل‬ ‫اﺣﺴﺐ‬ ‫ﺳﻢ‬.
‫ب‬(‫طﻮﻟﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺪرﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﻄﺮة‬١٠٠‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺰﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫ﺑﺤﯿﺚ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﯿﻂ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺘﺼﻔﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻘﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﻢ‬
‫وزﻧﮫ‬ ‫ﺟﺴﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻖ‬ ‫ﺛﻢ‬ ‫اﻓﻘﻰ‬ ‫وﺿﻊ‬٥٠‫اﻟﻤﺴﻄﺮة‬ ‫طﺮﻓﻰ‬ ‫أﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺟﺮام‬ ‫ﺛﻘﻞ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻠﯿﻘﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﻼزم‬ ‫اﻟﺜﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﻗﯿﻤﺔ‬ ‫أوﺟﺪ‬٣٠‫ﻣﺘﺰﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺒﻘﻰ‬ ‫اﻻﺧﺮ‬ ‫طﺮﻓﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﻢ‬
‫ج‬(‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪار‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮن‬ ‫ﻻﺳﺘﻨﺘﺎج‬ ‫ﺗﺠﺮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬٨٠‫ﺟﺮام‬ ‫ﺛﻘﻞ‬
‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫وذراع‬٤‫ﯾﺴﺎوى‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ذراع‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫إذا‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪار‬ ‫أوﺟﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺮ‬٢‫ﻣﺘﺮ‬.

6. ‫اﻻول‬ ‫اﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎر‬
‫س‬١‫اﻛﻤﻞ‬
١-................‫اﻻﻧﺴﺎن‬ ‫اﺧﺘﺮﻋﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺴﯿﻄﺔ‬ ‫اﻻﻻت‬ ‫اول‬
٢-‫اﻟﻤﮭﺎم‬ ‫اداء‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺴﺎن‬ ‫اﻻﻻت‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺎﻋﺪ‬...............‫ﺑﻤﺠﮭﻮد‬..........................
٣-‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬ ‫وظﺎﺋﻒ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬.........................‫وو‬..........................
٤-‫ﻣﺘﯿﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺎق‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻻﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻜﻮن‬..........................‫او‬......................................
٥-‫ﻓﺈن‬ ‫اﻟﺮاﻓﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﺗﺰان‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬...............×......... = ........×...........
٦–‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫اذا‬ ‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﮫ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮه‬ ‫ﺗﺘﺴﺎوى‬..........................
‫س‬٢‫ﻋﻼﻣﮫ‬ ‫ﺿﻊ‬)√(‫ﻋﻼﻣﮫ‬ ‫او‬)×(
١-‫ﯾﺴﺮ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺑﺴﮭﻮﻟﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﺎﻗﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﮭﺎم‬ ‫اداء‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺴﺎن‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺎﻋﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬
٢-‫اﻻرﺗﻜﺎز‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬
٣-‫اﻻول‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫راﻓﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﻧﺴﺎن‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻈﻤﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﮭﯿﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﻗﺒﺔ‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻟﺮاس‬ ‫ﯾﻌﺘﺒﺮ‬
٤-‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﺻﻐﺮ‬ ‫داﺋﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬
٥-‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ھﻮ‬ ‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮن‬ْ×‫ذراﻋﮭﺎ‬=‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬×‫ذراﻋﮭﺎ‬
٦-‫اﻟﺮا‬ ‫ﻓﺎن‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ذراع‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﺻﻐﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ذراع‬ ‫ﯾﻜﻮن‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬‫اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﺔ‬
‫س‬٣‫ﯾﺄﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻞ‬
١-‫ﺣﯿﺎﺗﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﺒﯿﺮ‬ ‫أھﻤﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺴﯿﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻶﻻت‬.
٢-‫وذراع‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ذراع‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻟﻄﻮل‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫اﺣﺘﻤﺎﻻت‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫ﯾﻮﺟﺪ‬ ‫اﻻول‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬
٣-‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أﻛﺒﺮ‬ ‫داﺋﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ً
٤–‫ذات‬ ‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬‫اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫اﻧﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﻏﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﻧﺴﺎن‬ ‫اھﻤﯿﮫ‬
‫س‬٤‫اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺢ‬ ‫اﻛﺘﺐ‬
١-‫وﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﻮة‬ ‫ﻋﻠﯿﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺛﺮ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻻرﺗﻜﺎز‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﻮل‬ ‫ﺗﺘﺤﺮك‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻨﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺎق‬
٢-‫ﻣﺘﻨﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺎق‬ ‫ﻋﻠﯿﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺗﻜﺰ‬ ‫ﺛﺎﺑﺘﮫ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬
٣-‫اﻟﺮاﻓﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫اﻻرﺗﻜﺎز‬ ‫وﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ‬
٤-‫ا‬ ‫وﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ‬‫اﻟﺮاﻓﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﻻرﺗﻜﺎز‬
٥-‫داﺋﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬
‫س‬٥
‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ذراع‬ ‫اﻷول‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺼﺎت‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫إﻣﺎﻣﻚ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫اذا‬٢٠‫واﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﻢ‬٣٠‫ذراع‬ ‫واﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺳﻢ‬
‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬٣٠‫واﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﻢ‬٥٠‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ذراع‬ ‫واﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﺳﻢ‬٤٠‫واﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﻢ‬٢٠‫ﺳﻢ‬
‫ﻗﺼﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻼﺳﺘﯿﻚ‬ ‫ﻗﻄﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺪﯾﻚ‬ ‫وﻛﺎن‬)‫ﻗﻄﻌﮭﺎ‬(‫اﻟﻤ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺺ‬ ‫ﻓﻤﺎ‬‫؟‬ ‫وﻟﻤﺎذا‬ ‫؟‬ ‫ﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬
‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫اﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎر‬
‫س‬١‫اﻻﻗﻮاس‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺤﯿﺤﮫ‬ ‫اﻻﺟﺎﺑﮫ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﯿﺮ‬
١-‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﯿﻊ‬---------‫اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬ ‫ﻻ‬)‫ا‬‫ﻻول‬–‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ‬–‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬(
٢-‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫راﻓﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻮرق‬ ‫دﺑﺎﺳﺔ‬)‫اﻻ‬‫ول‬–‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ‬–‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬(
٣-‫اﻟﻘﻮ‬ ‫ذراع‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫إذا‬‫ة‬‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ﻓﺈن‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ذراع‬ ‫ﯾﺴﺎوى‬...............‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬
)‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أﻗﻞ‬–‫ﺗﺴﺎوى‬-‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أﻛﺒﺮ‬(
٤-‫إذا‬‫ﻛﺎن‬‫اﻟﺮاﻓﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺎن‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ذراع‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻛﺒﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ذراع‬..........
)‫اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬-‫اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﻻﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬-‫اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬ ‫أﺣﯿﺎﻧﺎ‬(
‫س‬٢‫اﻛﻤﻞ‬
١–‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫اذا‬ ‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﮫ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮه‬ ‫ﺗﺘﺴﺎوى‬..........................
٢–‫ھﻮ‬ ‫داﺋﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﯾﻮﻓﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﻮع‬.................‫ﺑﯿﻨﻤﺎ‬‫اﻟﺬى‬‫اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﯾﻮﻓﺮ‬ ‫ﻻ‬.........
٣-‫ا‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬‫اﻻول‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻠﺔ‬.......................‫و‬..............................
٤-‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫راﻓﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻮرق‬ ‫دﺑﺎﺳﺔ‬...........‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫راﻓﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺺ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻨﻤﺎ‬..............
٥-‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ذراع‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫اذا‬ ‫اﻟﺮاﻓﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬..........‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أﻛﺒﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ﻓﺈن‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ذراع‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
‫س‬٣‫اﻛﺘﺐ‬‫اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺢ‬
١-‫واﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ذراع‬ ‫طﻮل‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫اﺣﺘﻤﺎﻻت‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﮭﺎ‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬
٢-‫اﻻرﺗﻜﺎز‬ ‫وﻧﻘﻂ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ﻓﯿﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬
٣-‫اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬ ‫وﻻ‬ ‫واﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ذراع‬ ‫طﻮل‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫واﺣﺪ‬ ‫اﺣﺘﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﻟﮭﺎ‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬
٤-‫داﺋﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬ً
٥-‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ذراع‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻛﺒﺮ‬ ‫داﺋﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﯿﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ذراع‬ ‫ﻓﯿﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬ً
‫س‬٤‫ﻋﻼﻣﮫ‬ ‫ﺿﻊ‬)√(‫ﻋﻼﻣﮫ‬ ‫او‬)×(
١-‫ﻓﻘﻂ‬ ‫واﺣﺪة‬ ‫وظﯿﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺆدى‬ ‫أﻧﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬ ‫أھﻤﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺟﻊ‬
٢-‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻛﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺆﺛﺮة‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮه‬ ‫ﻓﺎن‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ذراع‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أطﻮل‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ذراع‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫إذا‬
٣-‫ﺗﻮﻓ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬ ‫ﻋﺪم‬ ‫ﯾﻔﻀﻞ‬‫ﺮ‬‫اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬
٤-‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﺻﻐﺮ‬ ‫داﺋﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬
٥-‫اﻷول‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫رواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻻﻣﺜﻠﮫ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺪﯾﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﺑﺔ‬
‫س‬٥
١(‫اﻟ‬ ‫أﺧﺬت‬ ‫اﻟﺮواﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮن‬ ‫ﻹﺛﺒﺎت‬ ‫ﺗﺠﺮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬‫اﻵﺗﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬:
‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬=٧٥‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ذراع‬ ، ‫ﻧﯿﻮﺗﻦ‬٥٠‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫ذراع‬ ، ‫ﺳﻢ‬=٣٠‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫أوﺟﺪ‬ ، ‫ﺳﻢ‬.
٢(‫ﺗﺴﺎوى‬ ‫ﻋﻠﯿﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺆﺛﺮة‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫اﻷول‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫راﻓﻌﺔ‬٥٠٠‫ذراﻋﮭﺎ‬ ‫وطﻮل‬ ‫ﻧﯿﻮﺗﻦ‬٢٠‫ﺳﻢ‬
‫ﻣﻘﺪارھﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﻮة‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺆﺛﺮ‬٢٠٠‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ذراع‬ ‫ﻓﺎﺣﺴﺐ‬ ، ‫ﻧﯿﻮﺗﻦ‬.

7. ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﯿﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﯿﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪه‬
‫اﻟ‬ ‫اﻻول‬ ‫اﻟﺪرس‬‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﯿﮫ‬ ‫ﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬
‫اﻟﺸﻤﺲ‬:‫اﻹ‬ ‫وﺳﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﺳﺘﻐﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻺﻧﺴﺎن‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ‫ﺳﺨﺮھﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻮھﺎج‬ ‫اﻟﺴﺮاج‬ ‫ھﻰ‬‫ﻧﺎ‬‫رة‬
‫اﻻﺻﻄﻨﺎﻋﯿﺔ‬‫ﻟﻼﻧﺎره‬ ‫اﺧﺮى‬ ‫وﺳﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺴﺎن‬ ‫ﯾﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﻤﺲ‬ ‫ﺗﻐﺮب‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬ ‫و‬‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺸﺎﻋﻞ‬-‫اﻟﺸﻤﻮع‬-‫اﻟﺰﯾﺘﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬.‫اﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫ھﺬه‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻔﺖ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺪ‬ ‫اﻻن‬ ‫و‬‫ﻣﺤﻠﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﯿﺤﻞ‬
‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﯿﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬
‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫ﻣﻤﯿﺰات‬
‫واﻟﺮواﺋﺢ‬ ‫واﻷﺑﺨﺮة‬ ‫اﻟﺪﺧﺎن‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺧﺎل‬ ، ‫ﺑﺮاق‬ ، ‫ﺻﺎف‬ ‫ﻟﻀﻮء‬ ‫داﺋﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺪرا‬ ‫ﯾﻘﺪم‬ً ً.
‫ا‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬ ‫أﻧﻮاع‬‫ﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬
١(‫اﻟﺘﻮھﺞ‬ ‫درﺟﺔ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺨﯿﻦ‬ ‫طﺮﯾﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻀﻮء‬ ‫ﯾﻄﻠﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻮھﺞ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺒﺎح‬.
٢(‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﯿﺎر‬ ‫ﻓﯿﮫ‬ ‫ﯾﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻐﺎز‬ ‫أو‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎر‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻀﻮء‬ ‫ﯾﻮﻟﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺒﺎح‬.
‫و‬‫ﺷﯿﻮﻋﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬ ‫أﻧﻮاع‬ ‫أﻛﺜﺮ‬ً)‫اﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﺎ‬ً(‫اﻟﻤﺘﻮھﺠﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬
‫و‬‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬‫اﻟﻔﻠﻮرﯾﺴﻨﺖ‬.
‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﮫ‬‫إدﯾﺴﻮن‬ ‫أﻟﻔﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻣﺎس‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬‫ھﻮ‬‫ﻣ‬‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫اﺧﺘﺮع‬ ‫أﻣﺮﯾﻜﻰ‬ ‫ﺨﺘﺮع‬.
‫و‬‫ھﻜﺬا‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻠﮫ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﺣﯿﺚ‬ ‫أﻣﺮﯾﻜﺎ‬ ‫وﻣﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬ ‫أﻧﻮار‬ ‫ﺟﻤﯿﻊ‬ ‫أطﻔﺌﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬.
‫اوﻻ‬:‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬
‫اﻟﻀﻮء‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺎدر‬ ‫أﻛﺜﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪ‬‫ﺗﻘﺮﯾﺒﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺰل‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﺪ‬ ‫ﻷﻧﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﯿﻮﻋﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻰ‬ً ً.
‫ﻓﺎن‬ ‫ﻛﺬﻟﻚ‬ ‫و‬‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﯿﺪ‬ ‫وﻣﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﯿﺎرة‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬ ‫اﻧﻮاع‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﻋﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪ‬
‫؟‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫ﯾﺘﺮﻛﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﻢ‬
١(‫اﻟﻤﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫ﻓﺘﯿﻞ‬:
‫اﻟﺘﻨﺠﺴﺘﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫رﻓﯿﻊ‬ ‫ﻟﻮﻟﺒﻰ‬ ‫ﺳﻠﻚ‬‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﺎء‬ ‫ﻓﯿﮫ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺮى‬‫ﺧﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﻏﺎز‬
‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻞ‬ ‫ﺳﻠﻜﻰ‬ ‫طﺮﯾﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬‫ﻗﺎﻋﺪة‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﯾﺼﻼن‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺤﺎس‬
‫ﻣﻤﺎ‬ ‫واﻟﻔﺘﯿﻠﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺒﺎح‬‫ﻓﯿ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺘﯿﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻮھﺞ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﯾﺆدى‬‫اﻟﻀﻮء‬ ‫ﻨﺒﻌﺚ‬
‫ﯾﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬ ‫و‬‫اﻟﺘﻨﺠﺴﺘﯿﻦ‬‫ﻻﻧﮫ‬‫ﻣﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺗﻔﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻧﺼﮭﺎره‬ ‫درﺟﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻌﺎﻟﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮارة‬ ‫درﺟﺎت‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﯾﻨﺼﮭﺮ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﯾﺠﻌﻠﮫ‬.‫اﻟﻤﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫ﻓﺘﯿﻞ‬
٢(‫رﻗﯿﻖ‬ ‫زﺟﺎﺟﻰ‬ ‫اﻧﺘﻔﺎخ‬:
‫اﻟﮭﻮا‬ ‫وﺻﻮل‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﯾﻌﻤﻞ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﯿﺤﻔﻈﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻔﺘﯿﻠﺔ‬ ‫ء‬
‫ﺗ‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻻﺣﺘﺮاق‬‫ﺤﺘﻮى‬‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻈﻢ‬‫اﻧﺘﻔﺎخ‬‫زﺟﺎﺟﻰ‬
‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺨﺎﻣﻠﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻐﺎزات‬ ‫أﻧﻮاع‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﻮع‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫اﻟﻔﺘﯿﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﻹطﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫وذﻟﻚ‬ ‫اﻟﮭﻮاء‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﻻ‬ ‫اﻷرﺟﻮن‬ ‫ﻏﺎز‬ً
‫وﻣﻨﻊ‬‫اﻟﺰﺟﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺘﺸﺎر‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﺎء‬.‫اﻟﻤﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻋﺪه‬
٣(‫اﻟﻤﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻋﺪة‬:
‫وﺗﺜﺒﺘﮫ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻤﻞ‬ً.‫ﻧﺤﺎس‬ ‫ﺳﻠﻚ‬
‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﺎﺋﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺪاﺋﺮة‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫ﺑﺘﻮﺻﯿﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻮم‬.
‫و‬‫اﻟﻤﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫ﻗﻮاﻋﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﻋﺎن‬ ‫ﯾﻮﺟﺪ‬:
)١(‫ﺣﻠﺰوﻧﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻋﺪة‬:‫ﻟﻠﺘﻮﺻ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺪﻧﯿﺘﺎن‬ ‫ﻗﻄﻌﺘﺎن‬ ‫ﺑﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﺪ‬‫ﯿﻞ‬.
)٢(‫ﻣﺴﻤﺎرﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻋﺪة‬:‫ﻟﻠﺘﻮﺻﯿﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺪﻧﯿﺘﺎن‬ ‫وﻗﻄﻌﺘﺎن‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻧﺒﯿﺎن‬ ‫ﻣﺴﻤﺎران‬ ‫ﺑﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﯾﻮﺟﺪ‬.
‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﮫ‬‫؟‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺪﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫ﻓﺘﯿﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﻟﻮ‬ ‫ﯾﺤﺪث‬ ‫ﻣﺎذا‬
‫ﺗ‬‫ﻨﺼ‬‫ﮭﺮ‬‫اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻔﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮارة‬ ‫درﺟﺎت‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬.
‫ﺑﺪاﺧ‬ ‫ھﻮاء‬ ‫وﺟﻮد‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﯾﺤﺪث‬ ‫ﻣﺎذا‬‫؟‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫ﻞ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫ﻓﺘﯿﻠﺔ‬ ‫اﺷﺘﻌﺎل‬.
‫ﺛﺎﻧﯿﺎ‬:‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬‫اﻟﻔﻠﻮرﯾﺴﻨﺖ‬
‫ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬‫اﻟﻔﻠﻮرﯾﺴﻨﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬‫اﻟ‬‫ﺑﺎﺳﻢ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﺮوﻓﮫ‬‫اﻟﻨﯿﻮن‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬‫ﻓﻰ‬‫اﻟﻤﻨﺎزل‬ ‫إﺿﺎءة‬
‫واﻟﻤﻜﺎﺗﺐ‬‫ﺗ‬ ‫وﻓﻰ‬‫اﻟﺘﺠﺎرﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺤﻼت‬ ‫ﺰﯾﯿﻦ‬‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫و‬‫إﺿﺎء‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺠﺎرﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻹﻋﻼﻧﺎت‬‫اﻷﻧﻔﺎق‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺮو‬ ‫ة‬
‫ﻣﻢ‬‫اﻟﻔﻠﻮرﯾﺴﻨﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫ﯾﺘﺮﻛﺐ‬
١(‫زﺟﺎﺟﯿﺔ‬ ‫أﻧﺒﻮﺑﺔ‬:
‫ﻏﺎز‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺘﻮى‬ ‫اﻟﮭﻮاء‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﺮﻏﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺰﺋﺒﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫وﻗﻠﯿﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺨﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫اﻷرﺟﻮن‬.
‫ﻣ‬ ‫اﻷﻧﺒﻮب‬ ‫ﺳﻄﺢ‬ ‫ﯾﻐﻄﻰ‬‫ﻓﺴﻔﻮرﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺎدة‬ ‫اﻟﺪاﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﻦ‬.
٢(‫اﻟﺘﻨﺠﺴﺘﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﯿﻠﺘﺎن‬:
‫اﻟﺪاﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫طﺮﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﯾﻮﺟﺪان‬.
٣(‫اﻟﺘﻮﺻﯿﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺎط‬:
‫اﻟﻤﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﺎء‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻮﺻﯿﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫أطﺮاف‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫طﺮف‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺘﺎن‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﺪ‬.
‫ﺗﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫ھﻞ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺪﻣﺠﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻠﻮرﯾﺴﻨﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻤﯿﺰ‬‫اﻟﻌﺎدﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬
‫ﺑ‬‫و‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﮭﻼك‬ ‫ﺘﻮﻓﺮ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎدﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أﻛﺒﺮ‬ ‫اﻓﺘﺮاﺿﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﮭﺎ‬٨‫إﻟﻰ‬١٨‫ﻣﺮة‬.
‫و‬‫اﻟﻤﺪﻣﺠﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻠﻮرﯾﺴﻨﺖ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬ ‫اﻻﻓﺘﺮاﺿﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮ‬
‫ﻣﻦ‬٨٠٠٠‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻋﺔ‬١٥٠٠٠‫ﺳﺎﻋﺔ‬.
‫ﺑﯿﻨﻤﺎ‬‫؟‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎدﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬ ‫اﻻﻓﺘﺮاﺿﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮ‬
‫ﻣﻦ‬٧٥٠‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻋﺔ‬١٠٠٠‫ﺳﺎﻋﺔ‬.

8. ‫؟‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻞ‬ ‫طﺮق‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬
‫ھﻨﺎك‬‫طﺮﯾﻘﺘﺎن‬‫ھﻤﺎ‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﯿﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻮﺻﯿﻞ‬
١(‫اﻟﺘﻮاﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮﺻﯿﻞ‬.٢(‫اﻟﺘﻮازى‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮﺻﯿﻞ‬.
‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﯿﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﺪواﺋﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﯿﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻞ‬ ‫اوﻻ‬
‫ﺗ‬‫اﻟﺒﺴﯿﻄﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺪاﺋﺮة‬ ‫ﺘﻜﻮن‬‫ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺑﻄﺎرﯾﺔ‬)‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﯿﺎر‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺪر‬(‫و‬‫ﻣﺼﺒﺎح‬
‫و‬‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻄﺎرﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻮﺻﯿﻞ‬ ‫أﺳﻼك‬
‫ﯾﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻰ‬‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﯿﺎر‬‫ﺑﺎﻟﺪاﺋﺮه‬‫ﻻﺑﺪ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬
‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﯿﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﺪاﺋﺮه‬ ‫اﺟﺰاء‬ ‫ﺟﻤﯿﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻞ‬
‫اﻟﺘﯿﺎر‬ ‫ﯾﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﺬا‬ ‫ﻣﻐﻠﻘﮫ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺪاﺋﺮه‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫و‬
‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﻰ‬‫ﻋﺪم‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺑﮭﺎ‬‫ﺟﺰء‬ ‫اى‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻞ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﺪاﺋﺮه‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﯿﺎر‬ ‫ﯾﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫اﻻﺟﺰاء‬ ‫ھﺬه‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
١(‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﯿﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﺪواﺋﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮاﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮﺻﯿﻞ‬
‫اﻻﺧﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻮ‬ ‫واﺣﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﯿﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻞ‬ ‫ﯾﺘﻢ‬
‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﯿﺎر‬ ‫واﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎر‬ ‫ﯾﻮﺟﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻧﮫ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻰ‬ ‫و‬
‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﯾﺴﯿﺮ‬‫اﻟﺪاﺋﺮه‬‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﺬا‬‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎر‬ ‫ھﺬا‬ ‫ﻗﻄﻊ‬
‫ﻓﻚ‬ ‫طﺮﯾﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬‫اﻟﺘﯿﺎر‬ ‫ﻓﺎن‬ ‫اﺣﺘﺮاﻗﮫ‬ ‫او‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺒﺎح‬
‫اﻟﺴﺮﯾﺎن‬ ‫ﯾﻜﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻻ‬‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﯿﻊ‬ ‫ﯾﻨﻄﻔﺊ‬ ‫و‬
‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﯿﮫ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺪاﺋﺮه‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺪاﺋﺮه‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻛﺜﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫و‬
‫اﻟﺘﻮاﻟﻰ‬‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬ ‫اﺿﺎءه‬ ‫ﺷﺪه‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻞ‬
٢(‫اﻟﺘﻮا‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮﺻﯿﻞ‬‫زى‬‫اﻟﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﯿﮫ‬ ‫واﺋﺮ‬
‫اﻟﺘﻮازى‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻞ‬ ‫ﯾﺘﻢ‬
‫ﻣﺘﻔﺮﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎرات‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أﻛﺜﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﯿﺎر‬ ‫ﯾﻮﺟﺪ‬
‫اﻟﺪاﺋﺮة‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﯾﺴﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎر‬‫ھﺬه‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗﻄﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﺬا‬
‫اﺣﺘﺮاﻗﮫ‬ ‫او‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫ﻓﻚ‬ ‫طﺮﯾﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎرات‬
‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺪاﺋﺮة‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻗﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻄﻔﺊ‬ ‫ﻻ‬.
‫اﻟﺘﻮازى‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺪاﺋﺮة‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أﻛﺜﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﺪاﺋﺮة‬ ‫ھﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬ ‫إﺿﺎءة‬ ‫ﺗﻈﻞ‬.
‫ﺣﯿﺎﺗﯿﮫ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﺒﯿﻘﺎت‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻠﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﯾﺘﻢ‬ ‫اﻻﻓﺮاح‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺰﯾﻨﮫ‬ ‫اﺿﻮاء‬‫اﻟﺘﻮازى‬
‫اﻟﻮﺻﻮل‬ ‫ﯾﺴﮭﻞ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬‫اﺳﺘﺒﺪاﻟﮫ‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻔﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬ ‫اﻟﻰ‬
‫ﺛﺎﻧﯿﺎ‬‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﯿﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻞ‬‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻨﺰل‬
‫اﻟﻤﻨﺰل‬ ‫ﻏﺮف‬ ‫ﻓﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮازى‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻠﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﯾﺘﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺰل‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﯿﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﯿﻊ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻨﮭﺎ‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﯿﮫ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺼﺎﻗﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺋﯿﺴﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺼﺪر‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺻﻠﮫ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬‫ﺑﻌﻀﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬
‫ﺣﺪه‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﯾﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ان‬ ‫اى‬‫و‬‫اﻻﺧﺮى‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻠﮫ‬ ‫ﻏﺮﻓﮫ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺎره‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬
‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻗﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﯾﺆﺛﺮ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻏﺮﻓﮫ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬ ‫اﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻒ‬ ‫او‬ ‫اطﻔﺎء‬ ‫ﺗﻢ‬ ‫اذا‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫و‬
‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎرﻧﺎت‬ ‫اھﻢ‬
١(‫اﻟﻔﻠﻮرﯾﺴﻨﺖ‬ ‫وﻣﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺘﻮھﺞ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎرﻧﺔ‬
‫وﺟﮫ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎرﻧﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺘﻮھﺞ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺒﺎح‬‫اﻟﻔﻠﻮرﺳﯿﻨﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺒﺎح‬
‫اﻟﺘﺮﻛﯿﺐ‬‫اﻻﻧﺘﻔﺎخ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻨﺠﺴﺘﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﯿﻠﺔ‬
‫وﺑﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻋﺪة‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻟﺰﺟﺎﺟﻰ‬
‫ﻣﻌﺪﻧﯿﺘﺎن‬ ‫ﻗﻄﻌﺘﺎن‬
‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﯿﻠﺘﺎن‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫زﺟﺎﺟﯿﺔ‬ ‫أﻧﺒﻮﺑﺔ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺎط‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻨﺠﺴﺘﯿﻦ‬
‫اﻟﻐﺎز‬‫اﻷرﺟﻮن‬‫اﻟﺰﺋﺒﻖ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺎر‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫وﻗﻠﯿﻞ‬ ‫اﻷرﺟﻮن‬
‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬‫أو‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺣﻠﺰوﻧﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻋﺪة‬ ‫ذو‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺒﺎح‬
‫ﻣﺴﻤﺎرﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻋﺪة‬
‫ﻟﻠﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻓﺮة‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻣﺠﺔ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻋﺎدﯾﺔ‬
‫أﺳﺎ‬‫س‬
‫اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬
‫ﺳﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﯿﺎر‬ ‫ﻣﺮور‬
‫وﯾﺸﻊ‬ ‫وﯾﺘﻮھﺞ‬ ‫ﯾﺴﺨﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻨﺠﺴﺘﯿﻦ‬
‫ﺿﻮء‬
‫أو‬ ‫اﻟﻐﺎز‬ ‫ﺧﻼل‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﯿﺎر‬ ‫ﻣﺮور‬
‫اﻟﻔﻮﻓﺴﻔﻮرﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺎدة‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻀﺊ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎر‬
‫اﻻﻧﺒﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺪار‬ ‫ﺑﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺒﻄﻦ‬
٢(‫اﻟﺘﻮازى‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫واﻟﺘﻮﺻﯿﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮاﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮﺻﯿﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎرﻧﮫ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎرﻧﺔ‬ ‫وﺟﮫ‬‫اﻟﺘﻮاﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮﺻﯿﻞ‬‫اﻟﺘﻮازى‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮﺻﯿﻞ‬
‫اﻟﺘﻮﺻﯿﻞ‬ ‫طﺮﯾﻘﺔ‬‫اﻻﺧﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻮ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﯾﻮﺻﻞ‬
‫طﺮق‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺻﻞ‬
‫ﻣﺘﻔﺮﻋﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺘﯿﺎر‬ ‫ﺳﺮﯾﺎن‬ ‫طﺮﯾﻘﺔ‬
‫واﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎر‬ ‫أو‬ ‫طﺮﯾﻖ‬ ‫ﯾﻮﺟﺪ‬
‫اﻟﺪاﺋﺮة‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﯾﺴﺮى‬
‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺎر‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أﻛﺜﺮ‬ ‫ﯾﻮﺟﺪ‬
‫اﻟﺪاﺋﺮة‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﯾﺴﺮى‬
‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺘﯿﺎر‬ ‫اﻧﻘﻄﺎع‬ ‫أﺛﺮ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬ ‫اﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻗﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻄﻔﺊ‬‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻗﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻄﻔﺊ‬ ‫ﻻ‬
‫اﻻﻧﺎرة‬ ‫ﺷﺪة‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺛﺮ‬
‫ﻋﺪد‬ ‫ﺑﺰﯾﺎدة‬
‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬
‫اﻻﻧﺎرة‬ ‫ﺷﺪة‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻞ‬‫ﺛﺎﺑﺘﮫ‬ ‫ﺗﻈﻞ‬
‫اﻟﺘﻮﺻﯿﻞ‬ ‫طﺮﯾﻘﺔ‬
‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻨﺎزل‬
‫ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬ ‫ﻻ‬
‫أو‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻷن‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬
‫ﺣﺪة‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﯾﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺟﮭﺎز‬

9. ‫ﺗﺪرﯾﺒﺎت‬
‫س‬١‫اﻟﺘﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻤﻞ‬ ‫أﻛﻤﻞ‬‫ﻟﯿﺔ‬
‫أ‬(‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬ ‫أﻧﻮاع‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬.............................،......................................
‫ب‬(‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎدى‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫ﻓﺘﯿﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻨﻊ‬.............‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﻷن‬ ‫وذﻟﻚ‬ ،...............‫ﻣﺮﺗﻔﻌﺔ‬
‫ج‬(‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫ﯾﺘﻜﻮن‬.................،......................،...................
‫د‬(‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻠﻮرﯾﺴﻨﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫ﯾﺘﺮﻛﺐ‬................،.....................،...................
‫ھـ‬(‫ﻏﺎز‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻠﻮرﯾﺴﻨﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫ﯾﺤﺘﻮى‬.......................................‫اﻟﺨﺎﻣﻞ‬
‫و‬(‫ھﻮ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺒﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺘﺮع‬..............................
‫ز‬(‫ﯾﻄﻠﻖ‬‫ﻣﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫اﺳﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻠﻮرﯾﺴﻨﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺧﻄﺄ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻌﺾ‬..........................
‫س‬(‫ھﻮ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫وأﻛﺒﺮ‬ ‫أﻗﺪم‬...........
‫ص‬(‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﯿ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫ﻣﻤﯿﺰات‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﺔ‬.............
‫ع‬(‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻠﻮرﯾﺴﻨﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫ﯾﺘﻜﻮن‬............‫و‬..........‫و‬.............
‫س‬٢‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺪال‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻔﮭﻮم‬ ‫اﻛﺘﺐ‬‫ﻋﺒﺎرة‬
‫أ‬(‫اﻟﻸﺧﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻮ‬ ‫واﺣﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﯿﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﯾﺘﻢ‬ ‫طﺮﯾﻘﺔ‬.
‫ب‬(‫ﺿﻮﺋﯿﺔ‬ ‫طﺎﻗﺔ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺤﻮﯾﻞ‬ ‫وﺳﻠﺔ‬.
‫ج‬(‫ﻣﺘﻔﺮﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎرات‬ ‫ﺧﻼل‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﯿﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﯾﺘﻢ‬ ‫طﺮﯾﻘﺔ‬
‫د‬(‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﻧﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫اﻵﻷت‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻈﻢ‬ ‫وﺗﺸﻐﯿﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎزﻟﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻺﻧﺎرة‬ ‫اﻟﻸزﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﺻﻮر‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺻﻮرة‬
‫س‬(‫ا‬ ‫ﺳﺮﯾﺎن‬‫ﻟﻠﻜﮭﺮﺑﺎء‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺻﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺎدة‬ ‫ﺧﻼل‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺸﺤﻨﺎت‬
‫و‬(‫ﺿﻮﺋﯿﺔ‬ ‫طﺎﻗﺔ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻮل‬ ‫أداة‬ ‫أو‬ ‫ﺟﮭﺎز‬
‫ع‬(‫ﺳﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﮭﺮﺑﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﯿﺎر‬ ‫ﻣﺮور‬ ‫طﺮﯾﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻀﻮء‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﻮع‬
‫اﻟﺘﻮھﺞ‬ ‫ﻟﺪرﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﯿﺴﺨﻦ‬
‫ل‬(‫أوﻏﺎز‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺎر‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﮭﺮﺑﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﯿﺎر‬ ‫ﻣﺮور‬ ‫طﺮﯾﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻀﻮء‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﻮع‬
‫ن‬(‫ﺳﻠﻚ‬‫اﻟﻀﻮء‬ ‫ﻣﻨﮫ‬ ‫وﯾﻨﺒﻌﺚ‬ ‫ﯾﺘﻮھﺞ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎدى‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻨﺠﺴﺘﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫رﻓﯿﻊ‬
‫س‬٣‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻔﺴﯿﺮ‬ ‫اﻛﺘﺐ‬
١(‫اﻟﻤﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻋﺪة‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺪﻧﯿﺘﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﻄﻌﺘﯿﻦ‬ ‫وﺟﻮد‬
٢(‫اﻟﻤﻨﺰل‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮازى‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻞ‬ ‫ﯾﺘﻢ‬.
٣(‫اﻟﺘﻨﺠﺴﺘﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎدى‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫ﻓﺘﯿﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻨﻊ‬.
٤(‫ﻣﺼ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮص‬ ‫ﯾﺠﺐ‬‫اﻟﻔﻠﻮرﯾﺴﻨﺖ‬ ‫ﺒﺎح‬
٥(‫اﻻرﺟﻮن‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻐﺎز‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺘﻮھﺞ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫ﯾﻤﻸ‬
٦(‫اﻟﻤﺪﻣﺠﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻠﻮرﯾﺴﻨﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬ ‫ﯾﻔﻀﻞ‬
٧(‫ﻟﻠﻀﻮء‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺼﺪره‬ ‫ﻣﻤﯿﺰات‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺼﺒﺎح‬
٨(‫ﺑﺎﻟﮭﻮاء‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺰﺟﺎﺟﻰ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺘﻔﺎخ‬ ‫ﻻﯾﻤﻸ‬
٩(‫اﻟﻔﻠﻮرﯾﺴ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺬر‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺧﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻻﺑﺪ‬‫ﻨﺖ‬
‫س‬٤‫ﺑـ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺼﻮد‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬
‫أ‬(‫ب‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮاﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻞ‬(‫اﻟﺘﻮازى‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻞ‬
‫ج‬(‫د‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺒﺎح‬(‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺪاﺋﺮة‬
‫ھـ‬(‫اﻟﺘﯿﺎر‬‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﻰ‬
‫س‬٥‫ﻋﻼﻣﮫ‬ ‫ﺿﻊ‬)√(‫ﻋﻼﻣﮫ‬ ‫او‬)×(
١(‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺒﺎح‬‫ﻛﮭﺮﺑﻲ‬ ‫طﺎﻗﺔ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻀﻮﺋﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﺤﻮﯾﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻮم‬ ‫أداة‬
٢(‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺘﺮع‬ ‫ھﻮ‬ ‫ﻧﯿﻮﺗﻦ‬ ‫اﺳﺤﻖ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ‬
٣(‫اﻟﻔﻠﻮرﯾﺴﻨﺖ‬ ‫وﻣﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺘﻮھﺠﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬ ‫اﻧﻮاع‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
٤(‫اﻟﻤﺼﺒﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﯿﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻨﻊ‬‫ح‬‫ﻋﺎﻟﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻧﺼﮭﺎره‬ ‫درﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻷن‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺻﺎص‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﻰ‬
٥(‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫اﻟﺰﺟﺎﺟﻰ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺘﻔﺎخ‬ ‫ﯾﻤﻸ‬‫اﻟﻔﻔﺘﯿﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺘﺮق‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﮭﻮاء‬ ‫ﻜﮭﺮﺑﻰ‬
٦(‫اﻟﻤﺼﺒﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻋﺪة‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﺪﻧﯿﺘﺎن‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻄﻌﺘﺎن‬‫ح‬‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺪاﺋﺮة‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺰل‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻮﻣﺎن‬
٧(‫ﻓﻘﻂ‬ ‫اﻻرﺟﻮن‬ ‫ﺑﻐﺎز‬ ‫اﻧﺒﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫وﺗﻤﻸ‬ ‫واﺣﺪة‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺠﺴﺘﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﯿﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻮج‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻠﻮرﯾﺴﻨﺖ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬
٨(‫أﻛﺜﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﯿﺎر‬ ‫ﯾﻮﺟﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮاﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻞ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬‫ﻣﺴﺎر‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
٩(‫ﻋﺪدھﺎ‬ ‫زﯾﺎدة‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫إﺿﺎءة‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮازى‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻞ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬
١٠(‫اﻟﺘﻮاﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺻﻞ‬ ‫واﻷﻋﯿﺎد‬ ‫اﻷﻓﺮاح‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬
‫س‬٦‫اﻟﺘﺎﻟﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺒﺎرات‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﺧﻂ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺘﮫ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺻﻮب‬
١(‫اﻟﺸﺤﻨﺎت‬ ‫ﺳﺮﯾﺎن‬ ‫ھﻮ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﯿﺎر‬‫ﻣﺎدة‬ ‫ﺧﻼل‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬‫اﻟﻤﻄﺎط‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻜﮭﺮﺑﺎء‬ ‫ﻋﺎزﻟﺔ‬
٢(‫ﺑﺘﺤﻮﯾﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫ﯾﻘﻮم‬‫اﻟﻜﯿﻤﯿﺎﺋﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬‫طﺎﻗﺔ‬ ‫طﺎﻗﺔ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬‫ﺣﺮﻛﯿﺔ‬
٣(‫رذرﻓﻮرد‬ ‫داﻧﯿﺎل‬‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺘﺸﻒ‬ ‫ھﻮ‬.
٤(‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎدى‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫ﻓﺘﯿﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻨﻊ‬‫اﻻﻟﻮﻣﻨﯿﻮم‬
٥(‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺰﺟﺎﺟﻰ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺘﻔﺎح‬ ‫ﯾﻤﻸ‬‫اﻟﻤﺘﻮھﺞ‬ ‫ﻰ‬‫ﺑﺎﻟﮭﻮاء‬.
٦(‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻠﻮرﯾﺴﻨﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫ﯾﺤﺘﻮى‬‫اﻟﺤﺪﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫واﺣﺪة‬ ‫ﻓﺘﯿﻠﺔ‬
٧(‫ﺗﻮﺻﯿ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺘﺎ‬ ‫ﯾﻮﺟﺪ‬‫ﻞ‬‫اﻟﻤﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫أطﺮاف‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫طﺮف‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬‫ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺜﺒﺘﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎدى‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺒﺎح‬ً
٨(‫اﻟﺪاﺋﺮة‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﯿﺎر‬ ‫ﻻﯾﻤﺮ‬‫ﻣﻐﻠﻘﺔ‬
٩(‫ﻟﻠﺘﯿﺎر‬ ‫ﯾﻮﺟﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮازى‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬ ‫طﺮﯾﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬‫واﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎر‬‫ﺧﻼﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﯾﺴﺮى‬.
١٠(‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬ ‫ﻋﺪد‬ ‫زﯾﺎدة‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮاﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬ ‫إﻧﺎرة‬ ‫ﺷﺪة‬ ‫ﺗﺒﻘﻰ‬
١١(‫داﺋﺮة‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮازى‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺘﺼﻠﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬ ‫ﻋﺪد‬ ‫زﯾﺎدة‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬ ‫إﺿﺎءة‬ ‫ﺷﺪة‬ ‫ﺗﺰﯾﺪ‬
١٢(‫اﻻﻓﺮاح‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫زﯾﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﺄﺿﻮاء‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﯿﺢ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻞ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫واﻻﻋﯿﺎد‬‫اﻟﺘﻮاﻟﻰ‬
‫س‬٧‫ﻣ‬‫؟‬ ‫اذا‬ ‫ﯾـﺤـﺪث‬ ‫ﺎذا‬
١(‫اﻟﺠﺪﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎدى‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫ﻓﺘﯿﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬
٢(‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫اﻧﺘﻔﺎخ‬ ‫داﺧﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺨﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻐﺎز‬ ‫ﯾﻮﺟﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬
٣(‫اﻟﻤﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫اﻧﺘﻔﺎخ‬ ‫داﺧﻞ‬ ‫ھﻮاء‬ ‫وﺟﺪ‬
٤(‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺒﺎح‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻋﺪة‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﺪﻧﯿﺘﺎن‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻄﻌﺘﺎن‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬
٥(‫ﻛﮭﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ ‫داﺋﺮة‬ ‫ﻏﻠﻖ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ‬٦(‫دا‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ‬‫ﻛﮭﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﺋﺮة‬

10. ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺪرس‬‫ﻣﻌﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﻛﯿﻔﯿﮫ‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﺎء‬ ‫اﺧﻄﺎر‬
‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﺎﺋﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬‫ﻓﻰ‬‫ﺑﺎردا‬ ‫وﺣﻔﻈﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﻌﺎم‬ ‫طﮭﻰ‬ً
‫و‬‫اﻟﻤﻨﺎزل‬ ‫إﻧﺎرة‬‫و‬‫ﺑﺎﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﺎء‬ ‫وﻟﻌﺒﻨﺎ‬ ‫أﺟﮭﺰﺗﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺰوﯾﺪ‬‫و‬‫ﻟﺰﯾﺎدة‬ ‫ﻧﺘﯿﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻜﮭﺮﺑﺎء‬ ‫اﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﯾﺘﺰاﯾﺪ‬
‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫ﻟﮭﺬا‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺟﺘﻨﺎ‬‫ﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬.
‫ﻟﻜﻦ‬ ‫و‬‫واﻟﻤﻤﺘﻠﻜﺎت‬ ‫اﻷرواح‬ ‫ﺳﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺧﻄﻮرة‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫أﻧﮭﺎ‬ ‫إﻻ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﺎء‬ ‫ﻓﻮاﺋﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﻏﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻷ‬‫واﻻﻧﻔﺠﺎرا‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮاﺋﻖ‬ ‫وﻗﻮع‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﺳﺒﺒﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﮭﺎ‬ً‫ت‬‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﺜﯿﺮ‬ ‫وﻓﺎة‬ ‫أو‬.
‫و‬‫واﻟﺘﻌﻠﯿﻤﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﺣﺘﯿﺎطﺎت‬ ‫ﯾﮭﻤﻞ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫ﯾﺘﮭﺎون‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺧﻄﺮة‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﺎء‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬
‫اﻟﻮاﺟ‬‫ﻣﻌﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫أﺛﻨﺎء‬ ‫إﺗﺒﺎﻋﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺐ‬.
‫ھﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﻋﯿﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻜﮭﺮﺑﺎء‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻮﺻﯿﻠﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﻌﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻮاد‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻨﻒ‬ ‫و‬
١(‫ﻟﻠﻜﮭﺮﺑﺎء‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻮﺻﻠﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻮاد‬.
‫و‬‫اﻟﻤﻌﺪﻧﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻮاد‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻟﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﺎء‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺮﯾﺎن‬ ‫ﺗﺴﻤﺢ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻮاد‬ ‫ھﻰ‬)، ‫ﻣﻔﺘﺎح‬ ، ‫ﻣﺴﻤﺎر‬
‫اﻟﺤﺪﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﺎق‬ ، ‫ﻣﻌﺪﻧﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﺔ‬(‫اﻟﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫وﺟﺪت‬ ‫إذا‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻮاد‬ ‫ھﺬه‬‫ﺗﻜﻤﻠﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﺋﺮة‬
)‫ﻣﻐﻠﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﻌﻠﮭﺎ‬(‫ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺪاﺋﺮه‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﯿﺎر‬ ‫ﺳﺮﯾﺎن‬ ‫اﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﯾﺆدى‬ ‫ﻣﻤﺎ‬
٢(‫ﻟﻠﻜﮭﺮﺑﺎء‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎزﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻮاد‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺼﻮد‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬.
‫و‬‫ﺧﻼﻟﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﺎء‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺮﯾﺎن‬ ‫ﺗﺴﻤﺢ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻮاد‬ ‫ھﻰ‬.‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬)، ‫اﻟﺨﺸﺐ‬ ، ‫اﻟﻤﻄﺎط‬ ، ‫اﻟﺒﻼﺳﺘﯿﻚ‬
‫اﻟﺰﺟﺎج‬(‫ﻟﺬا‬‫اﻟﻌﺎزﻟ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻮاد‬ ‫وﺟﻮد‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬‫ﯾﺆدى‬ ‫ﻣﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺪاﺋﺮة‬ ‫ﺗﻐﻠﻖ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺪاﺋﺮة‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺪاﺋﺮة‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﯿﺎر‬ ‫ﺳﺮﯾﺎن‬ ‫ﻋﺪم‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬.
‫ﺣﯿﺎﺗﯿﮫ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﺒﯿﻘﺎت‬‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻄﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎزﻟﻨﺎ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﺎء‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻞ‬‫ﺣﯿﺚ‬‫ﯾﻨﺘﻘﻞ‬
‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﯿﺎر‬‫ﻋﺎﻟﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻋﻤﺪة‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﻮﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺪﻧﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺑﻼت‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺮ‬‫ھﺬه‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫و‬‫اﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼت‬
‫ﻣﻐﻠﻔﮫ‬‫ﺑﻤﻮاد‬‫اﻷﻋﻤﺪة‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼت‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺘﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﯿﺎر‬ ‫ﺗﻤﻨﻊ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫طﻮﯾﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺎزﻟﺔ‬.
‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﺎء‬ ‫اﺧﻄﺎر‬
‫ﺑﺤﺮص‬ ‫ﻣﻌﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫إذا‬ ‫آﻣﻨﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﺎء‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬‫و‬‫ﺗﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫إذا‬ ‫ﺧﻄﺮة‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﺎء‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬
‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬‫ﺧﺎطﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻄﺮﯾﻘﺔ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺮﻋﺔ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫ﺈھﻤﺎل‬
‫ﻧﻮﻋﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﯾﻮﺟﺪ‬‫ﻟﻺ‬‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺑﺎت‬‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﺎء‬ ‫اﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬ ‫ﺳﻮء‬
١(‫اﻟﻤﺒﺎﺷﺮة‬ ‫اﻹﺻﺎﺑﺎت‬:‫واﻟﺼﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﺎء‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺠﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮاﺋﻖ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻀﻤﻦ‬
‫واﻟﺤﺮوق‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬.
٢(‫اﻟﻤﺒﺎﺷﺮة‬ ‫ﻏﯿﺮ‬ ‫اﻹﺻﺎﺑﺎت‬:‫ﻓﯿﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮا‬ ‫ﺳﺒﺒﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫وﻻ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﺎء‬ ‫إﻟﯿﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺆدى‬ً ً
‫اﻟﺴﻘﻮط‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺠﺔ‬ ‫اﻹﺻﺎﺑﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻷدوات‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫أﺛﻨﺎء‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻼ‬ ‫ﺳﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﻮق‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ً
‫ﻣﻦ‬‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﺎء‬ ‫اﺧﻄﺎر‬١(‫اﻟﺤﺮﯾﻖ‬‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﺎء‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ‬
‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﯿﺎر‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺠﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮاﺋﻖ‬ ‫أﺳﺒﺎب‬:‫ـ‬
‫أ‬(‫ﺣﺮارة‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﮭﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﮭﺰة‬ ‫وﺿﻊ‬)‫ـ‬ ‫ﺳﺨﺎن‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻓﺄة‬( ....‫ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎل‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ‬ ‫أﺷﯿﺎء‬ ‫ﺑﺠﻮار‬
)‫ﺳﺘﺎﺋﺮ‬–‫ﺳﺠﺎد‬-( ...‫اﻟﻤﻮاد‬ ‫ھﺬه‬ ‫اﺷﺘﻌﺎل‬ ‫ﻧﺘﯿﺠﮫ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﯾﻖ‬ ‫ﺣﺪوث‬ ‫اﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﯾﺆدى‬ ‫ﻣﻤﺎ‬
‫ب‬(‫واﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺑﺲ‬ ‫طﺮﯾﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﺟﮭﺎز‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أﻛﺜﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻐﯿﻞ‬ ‫طﺮﯾﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺤﻤﯿﻞ‬ ‫زﯾﺎدة‬
)‫ﻓﯿﺸﺔ‬‫واﺣﺪه‬(
‫ج‬(‫اﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺣﺮارة‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﺟﮭﺰة‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﯿﺎر‬ ‫ﻓﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﺪم‬
‫د‬(‫اﻟﻤ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎزﻟﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺎدة‬ ‫إزاﻟﺔ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫ﺗﺂﻛﻞ‬‫ﺑﺎﻷﺳﻼك‬ ‫ﺤﯿﻄﺔ‬.
‫ﻣﻠﺤﻮظﮫ‬‫اﻟﺘﻮﺻﯿﻞ‬ ‫ﺟﯿﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺎء‬ ‫ﻷن‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﺎء‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺠﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮاﺋﻖ‬ ‫إطﻔﺎء‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺎء‬ ‫ﯾﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬ ‫ﻻ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻜﮭﺮﺑﺎء‬‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﯾﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻦ‬ ‫و‬‫اﻟﺤﺮاﺋﻖ‬ ‫إطﻔﺎء‬‫اﻟﻌﺎدﯾﮫ‬
٢(‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺪﻣﺔ‬:‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﯿﺎر‬ ‫ﻣﺮور‬ ‫ﻧﺘﯿﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪث‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﺎء‬ ‫أﺧﻄﺎر‬ ‫أﺣﺪ‬ ‫ھﻰ‬
‫ﺟﺴﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺨﻄﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﺪﯾﺪ‬‫اﻹ‬‫ﻧﺴﺎن‬‫ﺟﺴﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﺘﯿﺎر‬ ‫ﺷﺪه‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺠﮫ‬ ‫اﻻﺿﺮار‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺘﻤﺪ‬ ‫و‬
‫اﻟﻮﻓﺎه‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﯿﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺪﻣﮫ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺒﺐ‬ ‫اﻻﺣﯿﺎن‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﺜﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻐﺮﻗﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﺬى‬ ‫اﻟﺰﻣﻦ‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺴﺎن‬
‫ﺣﺪوﺛﮭﺎ‬ ‫أﺳﺒﺎب‬‫أﺧﺮ‬ ‫وﺟﺰء‬ ‫ﻛﮭﺮﺑﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﯿﺎر‬ ‫ﯾﺤﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺰول‬ ‫ﺑﺴﻠﻚ‬ ‫اﻹﻧﺴﺎن‬ ‫ﺟﺴﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺟﺰء‬ ‫ﻣﻼﻣﺴﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻼﻣﺲ‬ ‫ﺟﺴﻤﮫ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ا‬‫ﻟﻰ‬)‫ﻣﻼﻣ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺟﺴﻢ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻷرض‬‫ﻟﻠﺘﯿﺎر‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻣﻼن‬ ‫ﺳﻠﻜﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻼﻣﺴﺔ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻟﻸرض‬ ‫ﺲ‬
‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﻰ‬(
٣(‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﯿﺎر‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺠﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮوق‬
‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﺎء‬ ‫أﺧﻄﺎر‬ ‫أﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﮭﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﺬا‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺴﻢ‬ ‫أﻧﺴﺠﺔ‬ ‫وﺗﺘﻠﻒ‬ ‫ﺗﺪﻣﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﯿﺎر‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺠﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮوق‬
‫اﺳﺒﺎﺑﮭﺎ‬
١(‫ﻟﺤﺪوث‬ ‫ﯾﺆدى‬ ‫ﻣﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮة‬ ‫ﺷﺪﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﮭﺮﺑﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﯿﺎر‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺼﺪر‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺴﺎن‬ ‫ﺟﺴﻢ‬ ‫أﺟﺰاء‬ ‫أﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻼﻣﺴﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﯿﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺮوق‬
٢(‫ﻣﻼﻣﺴﺔ‬‫ﻛﮭﺮﺑﻰ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﯾﻖ‬ ‫ﺣﺪوث‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺠﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﺮار‬ ‫أو‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎر‬
٣(‫ﺣﺮوﻗﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﯿﻮﻟﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮة‬ ‫ﺣﺮارة‬ ‫ﯾﻮﻟﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﮭﺮﺑﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﺠﮭﺎز‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺴﺎن‬ ‫ﺟﺴﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻼﻣﺴﺔ‬)‫ـ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﻮاة‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻓﺄة‬
‫ﻛﮭﺮﺑﻰ‬ ‫ﺳﺨﺎن‬(
‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﺎﺋﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﯿﺎر‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺒﺐ‬ ‫ﺣﻮادث‬ ‫وﻗﻮع‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫اﻷوﻟﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻹﺳﻌﺎﻓﺎت‬
١(‫اﻟﻤﺼﺪر‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻮرا‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺰﻟﮫ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﺎء‬ ‫ﺑﻔﺼﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﺎﺋﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺪاﺋﺮة‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎب‬ ‫ﻋﺰل‬ً
‫ﻟﻠﻜﮭﺮﺑﺎء‬ ‫ﻋﺎزﻻ‬ ‫ﯾﻜﻮن‬ ‫ﺷﺊ‬ ‫ﺑﺄى‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎب‬ ‫ﺑﺪﻓﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﺎﺋﻰ‬ً)‫ﺧﺸﺐ‬ ‫ﻗﻄﻌﺔ‬–‫ﺑﻼﺳﺘﯿﻚ‬. (
٢(‫اﻟﺤﺎدث‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎن‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻮر‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺐ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﺪﻋﺎء‬.
٣(‫ﻓﯿ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻨﻔﺲ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮا‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎب‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫إذا‬ً‫اﻟﻤﺤﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻼﺑﺴﮫ‬ ‫ﺑﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻔﺴﮫ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﮭﯿﻞ‬ ‫ﺠﺐ‬.
٤(‫اﻟﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮاﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺪر‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻀﻐﻂ‬ ‫طﺮﯾﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺪﻟﯿﻚ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﻧﺒﻀﺎت‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ‬.
٥(‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫اﻻﺻﻄﻨﺎﻋﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻨﻔﺲ‬ ‫إﺟﺮاء‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﻓﻮرا‬ ‫ﯾﺒﺪأ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻨﻔﺲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎب‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺬر‬ ‫إذا‬ً.
‫ﺛﺎ‬‫ﻧﯿﺎ‬ً:‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﺎء‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫اﺣﺘﯿﺎطﺎت‬
١(‫ﻋ‬‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﺎء‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺼﺪر‬ ‫وﺻﻼت‬ ‫ﻋﺪة‬ ‫وﺿﻊ‬ ‫ﺪم‬
٢(‫اﻟﻔﯿﺸﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺟﺴﻢ‬ ‫أى‬ ‫إدﺧﺎل‬ ‫ﻋﺪم‬
٣(‫اﻟﻔﯿﺸﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺟﺴﻢ‬ ‫أى‬ ‫إدﺧﺎل‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻨﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﯿﺸﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻼﺳﺘﯿﻚ‬ ‫ﻗﻄﻌﺔ‬ ‫وﺿﻊ‬
٤(‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺎء‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺘﻠﮫ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﯾﺪا‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﯿﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺘﺼﻠﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﺟﮭﺰة‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﺪم‬ً
٥(‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺻﻼت‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺒﺚ‬ ‫ﻋﺪم‬
٦(‫اﻻﺳﺘﺤﻤﺎم‬ ‫أﺛﻨﺎء‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﯿﺎر‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺻﻼ‬ ‫ﺳﺨﺎن‬ ‫أو‬ ‫ﻛﮭﺮﺑﺎﺋﻰ‬ ‫ﺟﮭﺎز‬ ‫ﺗﺮك‬ ‫ﻋﺪم‬ً.
٧(‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﯿﺎر‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺻﻮﻟﺔ‬ ‫وھﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﮭﺮﺑﺎﺋﯿﺔ‬ ‫آﻟﺔ‬ ‫أى‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻒ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫ﺻﯿﺎﻧﺔ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫إﺻﻼح‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺎوﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺪم‬
‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﻰ‬.