scientific method

2. What I Need To Know
SCIENTIFICMETHOD
DEFINE
DESCRIBE
USE

3. What I Need To Know
After going throughthis module, youare expected to:
1. Formulate a research question
2. Formulate a hypothesis
3. Design a procedure to test the
hypothesis
4. Collect data and present them in
appropriate format
5. Analyze data and draw
conclusions/generalizations

4. 1. What is the first step in the scientific
method?
a. asking a question
b. forming a hypothesis
c. gathering information
d. organizing data
Pre-Assessment 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

5. Pre-Assessment 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
2. Which of the following statements would be true of
the scientific method?
a. People structure their lives on the principle of
b. Scientists report the experimental results, but not
design.
c. The scientific method is a continuous process by
his world.
d. When the results of the experiment do not fit the
discard the results and stop the experiment.

6. Pre-Assessment 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
3. When scientists wish to communicate the results of
their research, they are most likely to do which of the
following?
a. call a press conference
b. immediately repeat the research
c. sell their findings to other researchers
d. write a concise report with complete results and
performed and formulate conclusions

7. Pre-Assessment 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
4. Suppose your mother sent you to the market to buy
fruits and vegetables. How would you choose good
quality fruits and vegetables?
a. Ask the vendor to choose it for you.
b. Just get any kind and pay right away.
c. Examine the fruit if it is free from insect bites and
the smell of insecticide.
d. Tell your mother that you do not know how to
buy good quality fruits and vegetables.

8. Pre-Assessment 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
5. How is a hypothesis tested ?
a. by conducting an experiment and looking for results
b. by comparing observations in nature with predictions
c. by using the hypothesis to make predictions about a
system.
d. all of the above

9. What’s In

10. An orderly manner of solving
problems that uses a set of steps to
make sure your answer is accurate
and based on evidence.
It is a process for experimentation that
is used to explore observations and
answer questions.

12. A scientific investigation begins with a
question of HOWor WHY something occurs.
Why do plants need
sunlight to grow?
How does
wearing
facemasks
protect us from
getting sick?

13. What question could these children
be investigating?
A good question may arise from something that is not
working-a PROBLEM.

14. A good question must be TESTABLE.
This means, that the question can be
answered by conducting an experiment.
Ask: Can I make an
experiment to test this?

15. Get all information as much
as you can..

16. Whatfactor of plantgrowth would these kids be
investigating?

17. A HYPOTHESIS is the same
thing as a PREDICTION.
It is an EDUCATED GUESS or
what you think is going to
happen in your experiment.
Hypotheses are stated in an "If...then...because...“ sentence.

18. IF... states how you will change or
manipulate the INDEPENDENT VARIABLE.
THEN...states the response or effect of the
changed variable to the DEPENDENT
VARIABLE.
BECAUSE...states the possible reason why
the said phenomenon occurs.

19. Question: How does the amount of fertilizer affect seed growth?
manipulated/independent variable: amount of fertilizer
"If...(change in independent variable) then…(what happens to dependent
variable)...because...“
Hypothesis:
If I increase the amount of fertilizer on the plants, then the plants will growfaster
because it would get more amount of nutrients to supplement its growth.
responding/dependent variable: plant growth

20. "If...(changeinindependentvariable) then…(whathappensto dependentvariable)...because...“
What I Have Learned
QUESTION: What effect does sunlight have on plant growth?
INDEPENDENT VARIABLE:______________________________
DEPENDENT VARIABLE: _______________________________
HYPOTHESIS:
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
amount of sunlight
plant growth
If plants receive more light, then they will grow taller
because they will receive more energy to produce
glucose and cellulose through photosynthesis.

21. What’s In

22. Experimentation- is
designed and conducted
to test the validity of the
hypothesis.

23. Steps in Conducting Experiments
1. Gather the materials to be
used in experimentation
2. Set the materials
3. Observe
4. Gather the data
5. Interpret the data

24. In order to have a valuable result of
your experiment, FAIR TESTING is
very important.

25. A fair test is when we keep everything
the same except one independent
variable. (one thing we change)

27. Example of a FAIR TEST variables:

28. What’s In

29. After the experiment, you need
to write in detail what
happened in your experiment.
Gathering information or
data is very important. Write
it down so it is readable and
makes sense to other
people who read it.

32. You need to look back at
your HYPOTHESIS and
see if you were correct!
Your hypothesis
does not have to
be correct!!

33. Scientists share their experiments and
findings with others.
Scientists can learn from each
other and often use someone
else’s experiences to help them
with what they are studying or
doing.