CLUB ROOT OF CABBAGE AND ITS MANAGEMENT

1. COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY
(Affiliated to Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-3)
Kullapuram (Po),ViaVaigai Dam, Theni-625 562
CLUBROOT OF CABBAGE
Submitted by Course teacher
D.Priyadharshini. Dr.S.Parthasarathy
2015021100 Assistant Professor (Plant Pathology)

2. CLUBROOT OF CABBAGE
• INTRODUCTION
• DISTRIBUTION
• PATHOGEN
• SYMPTOMS
• SYSTEMIC POSITION
• DISEASE CYCLE
• MANAGEMENT

3. INTRODUCTION
• Cabbage is a leafy green, red, white biennial plant.
• Cabbage is a member of the genus Brassica and the
mustard family, Cruciferaceae.
• The sulforaphane found in cabbage may help protect
cancer.

4. DISTRIBUTION
• India, Nepal, China, West Bengal, Canada,
Bulgaria, Denmark and Hongkong.

5. HISTORY
• Historical reports of clubroot date back to the
13th century in Europe.
• In 19th century, a severe epidemic of clubroot
destroyed large proportions of the cabbage
crop in St. Petersburg.

6. • The Russian scientist Mikhail Woronin
eventually identified the cause of clubroot as
a “Plasmodiophorous organism” in 1875,
and gave it the name Plasmodiophora
brassicae.

7. ECONOMIC SIGNIFICANCE
• Clubroot can be a reccurring problem, for
years because it is easily spread from plant to
plant.
• P. brassicae is able to infect 300 species of
cruciferous plants.

8. SYMPTOMS
• Developing plants may not show any symptoms
but as the plants get older they will start to show
symptoms of chlorosis or yellowing.
• Wilting during hot days and stunted growth.
• The roots experience cell proliferation due to
increased auxin or growth hormone production.

9. • Gall formation occurs and restrict the xylem
tissue inhibiting efficient water uptake by the
plant.
• Galls appear like clubs or spindles on the roots.
• The roots will rot and the plant will die.

10. CLUBROOT OF CABBAGE
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11. SYSTEMIC POSITION
• Domain : Eukarya
• Kingdom : Protozoa
• Phylum : Cercozoa
• Class : Phytomyxea
• Order : Plasmodiophorales
• Family : Plasmodiophoraceae
• Genus : Plasmodiophora
• Species : P. brassicae

12. DISEASE CYCLE OF
Plasmodiophora brassicae
• In the spring, resting spores in the soil germinate
and produce zoospores and then these spores
swim and enter host plants through wounds or
root hairs.
• The plasmodium eventually divides and forms
secondary zoospores that are once again released
into the soil.

13. • The secondary infection by the zoospores can
infect the first host or surrounding hosts.
• The secondary zoospores form a secondary
plasmodium that affects plant hormones to
cause swelling in root cells.
• These cells turn into galls or “ club “.

14. • The secondary plasmodium forms the
overwintering resting spores which get
released into the soil as the “ club “ rot and
disintegrate.
• These resting spores can live in soil for upto
20 years while they wait for a root tip to
come in close proximity for them to infect.

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16. PATHOGEN
• Obligate parasite.
• Plasmodium shaped body.
• Can survive in soil as resting spores for many
years.
• Produce primary and secondary zoospores.
Zoospores are biflagellate.

17. ZOOSPORES
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18. MODE OF SPREAD
• Primary : Resting spores
• Secondary : Zoospores

19. FAVOURABLE CONDITION
• It prefers warmer temperature and moist
conditions.
• Soil temperature between 20 - 24°C.
• pH less than 6.5.

20. INTEGRATED DISEASE
MANAGEMENT
• Seedlings can carry the pathogen so the use of
disease free seedlings is therefore very
important.
• Remove the affected roots to reduce the
pathogen population in the soil.
• Practice long term crop rotation with potato,
tomato, bean and leeks.

21. • Incorporate lime into the field at the rate of
2.5t/ha two weeks before transplanting .
• Seed treatment with Captan or Thiram 4g/Kg,
followed by T. viride 4g/Kg.
• Soil drenching with Copper oxychloride 0.25%.

22. REFERENCES
• R.S.Singh, Diseases of Vegetable Crops, Published
by Scientific International Pvt. Ltd.
• www.aspnet.org