This document discusses energy conservation in Pakistan, including its current status and future potential. It notes that Pakistan is heavily dependent on non-renewable energy sources. The government and private sector have implemented some initiatives to promote efficient appliances and green buildings. Future opportunities include home energy monitoring, more efficient windows, insulation, and appliances. Widespread adoption of energy-efficient technologies and behavioral changes could significantly reduce consumption.

1. ENERGY CONSERVATION IN PAKISTAN
CURRENT AND FUTURE
PRESENTEDTO: DR. SOFIANOSHEEN
PRESENTED BY: AYMEN NADEEM
ATIFA SHAFIQUE
HADIQA JAMSHAID
KASHAF KHAN
1925117016
1925117010
1925117021
1925117031

2. CONTENTS
◦ ENERGY CONSERVATION
◦ CURRENT STATUS IN PAKISTAN
◦ PAKISTAN ENERGY SAVING POTENTIAL
◦ GOVERNMENT ROLE
◦ CURRENT ENERGY CONSERVATION IN PAKISTAN
◦ PAKISTAN GREEN BUILDING COUNCIL
◦ WWF-PAKISTAN GREEN OFFICE CERTIFICATION
◦ TECHNIQUES IDENTIFIED BY ‘ENERCON’ TO REDUCE INDOOR TEMPERATURE
◦ FUTURE OF ENERGY CONSERVATION IN PAKISTAN
◦ FURTHER PROGRAMS TO BE IMPLEMENTED

3. ENERGY CONSERVATION
Through non-renewable sources the only possible way to conserve the energy is through the
reduction in usage and behavioral changes.
CURRENT STATUS IN PAKISTAN:
◦ With an inordinately significant dependence on hydrocarbons as its primary energy source, the
situation is not sustainable.
◦ The state of affairs is not helped by a growing population with a low median age, low per capita
energy consumption yet high energy intensity and a recent boom in cheap but energy hungry home
appliances.
◦ However, there are initiatives by the government and advancement in technology is playing its role.

4. PAKISTAN ENERGY SAVING
POTENTIAL
◦In spite of being poorly served by electricity, the energy
savings potential in Pakistan from energy conservation
and efficiency measures is substantial, at an estimated
17% of total electricity use.

6. GOVERNMENT ROLE:
◦ The Punjab government allocated Rs. 1.2 billion for a 3-year energy conservation initiative, and a
further Rs. 1.2 billion for providing solar energy solutions to the public.
◦ The Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa government is also promoting renewables such as solar water
pumping and micro-hydro electricity generating units.
◦ The Sindh government is playing an active role in facilitating the establishment of wind energy
installations.
◦ In addition, Wind energy is likely to play a major role in overcoming the gap between demand
and supply considering the 120,000 megawatts of potential for wind energy in Pakistan.
◦ According to the AEDB, 60,000 megawatts of this wind energy potential lie along a 60 km
stretch along Pakistan’s coast. Another area of high potential is western Baluchistan Province.

7. CURRENT ENERGY CONSERVATION IN
PAKISTAN
CONVERSION TO ENERGY EFFICIENT APPLIANCES:
Consumers are rapidly shifting to energy-efficient appliances such as LED lights and inverter air
conditioners.
◦ The average plasma T.V used 138 watts and the older style LCD used 139.5 watts. In contrast, the
invertor LEDs consume only 91.5 watts. That is a substantial 34% energy saving.
◦ A non-inventor refrigerator consumes approximately 70 Watts per day as compared to an
invertor refrigerator which consumes 55 Watts.
◦ Non- invertor washing machine consumes 0.48 kWh as compared to invertor washing machine
which consumes 0.39 kWh (19%more efficient).
◦ Similarly, steam iron consumes 2200 Watts/day (approx.) and dry iron only consumes 1000
Watts/day.

8. CURRENT ENERGY CONSERVATION IN
PAKISTAN
NATURAL GAS:
Energy conservation initiatives of the Sui Northern Gas Pipelines Limited (SNGPL) includes the
introduction of cone baffles in gas water heaters, installation of the smartphone-based gas water
heater on-off device “Jul Bujh” and introduction of solar water heaters.
AGRICULTURAL IRRIGATION PRACTICES:
Pumping groundwater for irrigation is a major cost and consumer of energy in Pakistan, and
therefore will be investigated for opportunities to convert to more energy-efficient practices. Of
the around 1.2 million irrigation pumps installed in Pakistan, 362,626 are within areas with a
groundwater table of 30 ft. or less, which make them a “good fit” for conversion to solar pumping.
Solar pumping is being used in Pakistan for conservation of energy but its not applicable at every
place.

9. INDUSTRIAL PASSIVE SOLAR HEATING:
◦ Passive solar pre-heating of oil for steam boilers used in gas-fired electric power generation
plants has tremendous potential for reducing consumption of oil.
SOLAR WATER HEATERS:
◦ Indirect, systems use a non-freezing liquid to transfer heat from the sun to water in a storage
tank. The sun's thermal energy heats the fluid in the solar collectors. Then, this fluid passes
through a heat exchanger in the storage tank, transferring the heat to the water.
NET METERING:
◦ Net metering is an electricity billing mechanism that allows consumers who generate
some or all of their own electricity to use that electricity anytime, instead of when it is
generated.
◦ NEPRA passed the “Distributed Generation and Net Metering Regulations 2015” in
September 2015, thus opening up opportunities for net metering. Pakistan is one of
98 countries that have policies for net metering.

10. NET METERING

11. PAKISTAN GREEN BUILDING COUNCIL
The Pakistan Green Building Council was established in 2012.
Over a short period of 3 years, the number of building initiatives that meet some criteria of the
GBCP has grown to 16.
Some of the certified projects under this council are:
◦ Pebbles housing project
◦ Coca-Cola Multan Plant
◦ Artistic Garment Industry Pvt. Ltd., Karachi
◦ Mega Corporate Office Tower, Karachi
◦ British Council Library
◦ NCC Karachi
◦ Citiplan Bank, Karachi

12. PAKISTAN GREEN BUILDING COUNCIL
◦ While the Pakistan Engineering Council has notified provisions for
energy under the Pakistan Building Code regulations 201147 for
buildings of a certain size.
◦ These energy codes provide a lot of detail, such as the air conditioning
temperature is not to be kept below 25 degrees centigrade in the
summer and not above 22 degrees centigrade in the winter, to conserve
energy.

13. ENERGY-EFFICIENT BUILDINGS IN
PAKISTAN
Following organizations, have achieved more in contributing toward the adoption of energy-
efficient buildings in Pakistan:
◦ Institute of Architects of Pakistan
◦ Pakistan Institute of Interior Designers
◦ Construction Association of Pakistan
◦ Institute of Building Performance Standardization Association
◦ HVACR Society -Association of Builders and Developers of Pakistan
◦ Renewable Energy Association of Pakistan

14. WWF-PAKISTAN GREEN OFFICE
CERTIFICATION
◦ WWF-Pakistan, encourages offices to develop energy conservation initiatives, on the
basis of which those offices can be certified as a “Green Office”.
◦ 42 offices of organizations have obtained certification from WWF-Pakistan, and in the
process improved their energy efficiency in a number of ways.
◦ They collectively saved 2.24 million units (kilowatt hours) of electricity, translating to
an estimated saving of Rs. 37.8 million rupees in 2014.

15. TECHNIQUES IDENTIFIED BY
‘ENERCON’ TO REDUCE INDOOR
TEMPERATURE

17. FUTURE OF ENERGY CONSERVATION IN
PAKISTAN
The future of energy conservation in Pakistan is based on technology advancement and our
behavioural changes. If we opt responsibility to save energy and think about future generations,
following advancements are expected to be happen in the near future in Pakistan.
GREEN BUILDINGS:
Green building refers to both a structure and the application of processes that
are environmentally responsible and resource efficient throughout a building's life-cycle, from
planning to design, construction, operation, maintenance, renovation, and demolition. According
to Green Building Information Gateway (GBIG), Pakistan contains 17 LEED-certified green
buildings with 13 registered with US Green Building Council and 1 with achiever award, making a
list of 31 total green buildings in the country.

18. FUTURE OF ENERGY CONSERVATION IN
PAKISTAN
HOME BASED ENERGY MONITORING DEVICES:
◦ Research shows that, on average, households that measure their energy consumption will
modify their lifestyles and save energy.
◦ These devices either connect to our home's electrical panel or meter.
◦ These devices can monitor and observe minute-by-minute trends in how energy is used in the
home and allow homeowners to track the energy consumption of each appliance in the home.
◦ These devices are connected to the smartphone or home Wi-Fi system and deliver instant
updates and reports regarding energy usage in our home.

19. ADVANCE WINDOW CONTROL:
Many companies are working on new highly insulated windows. These windows use
sensors and microprocessors to automatically adjust shading based on the amount
of available sunlight and the time of day to ensure proper lighting and comfort,
saving consumers energy and money.
•In Pakistan , the older windows installed at our homes aren’t energy efficient. So, we
can shift to insulated ones. Double panel windows and other vinyl frames are much
better than single-pane windows. Choosing correct blinds can save on your power
bills.
NEXT GENERATION INSULATION:
Insulation is one of the most important ways to reduce your home heating and
cooling costs.
The Industrial Science & Technology Network is developing new foam insulation
made with environmentally friendly and advanced composite materials that ensure
heat doesn’t escape from the attic, walls and other areas of the home during cold
winter months.

20. HOME BASED ENERGY MONITORING DEVICES:
◦ So, we can install these devices in Pakistani Households and
other commercial buildings to efficiently monitor energy
usage and reduce consumption accordingly.
◦ Some energy monitors even analyse patterns and trends to
make recommendations for energy reduction, like unplugging
the toaster after breakfast and upgrading to an energy-
efficient refrigerator.

21. CARBON FIGHTING CLOTH DRYERS:
•A new type of clothe dryer that uses a heat pump cycle to generate hot air needed for drying.
•It is a more efficient dryer that has the potential to lower energy consumption by 60 percent.
•In future this technology can serve to conserve electricity in Pakistan.
•MAGNETIC REFRIGERATORS:
•A revolutionary new type of refrigerator that uses magnets to create cold, also known as
the magneto-caloric effect.
•It uses a water-based cooling fluid, making it better for the environment and more
efficient, lower energy bills and less carbon pollution.
•It works by applying a magnetic field to a magnetic material causing it to heat up. This excess
heat is removed from the system by water, cooling the material back down to its original
temperature. It should be implemented in Pakistan as well.

22. REFLECTIVE ROOFING MATERIALS:
Roofs coated with special fluorescent pigments that reflect sunlight
They absorb less heat than standard roofs.
They can reflect nearly four times the amount of sunlight of standard pigments.
These fluorescent pigments should be utilized in Pakistan that will efficiently reduce the usage of
air conditioners.
BRIGHTER, BETTER LIGHTING:
LEDs (light emitting diodes) consume 85 percent less energy than incandescent bulbs.
•Making them even more efficient and long lasting promises more better conservation.
•In fact, LED efficiency is expected to double from the current 125-135 lumens per watt to 230
lumens per watt in the next few years as result of continued R&D.

23. FURTHER PROGRAMS TO BE
IMPLEMENTED
FAN REPLACEMENT PROGRAMME:
◦ 10 million new fans are added in Pakistan every year, 7 million are ceiling
fans.
◦ Fan manufacturers should be engaged in replacement program of
replacing existing fans with energy-efficient ones (the manufacturer could
buy back their old fan as part of the sale of the new fan).
◦ The materials from the old fans can then be recycled within their industry.
◦ In addition, manufacturing techniques such as improved fan blade design
achieve 80%-100% higher efficiencies.

25. LIGHT REPLACEMENT PROGRAM:
Ministry of Climate Change project;
• Proposal to encourage the conversion of lights in
Pakistan to energy-efficient ones.
• Estimating saving of around 20,000 megawatts.
• About a 50% reduction in load shedding pressure.
• With a conservative assessment of 60% savings.

27. CONCLUSION