The document discusses various elements of landscape design including outdoor furniture, sculptures, lighting, and gardens. It provides details on common materials for outdoor furniture like aluminum, wicker, wood, and different types of furniture. It also describes sculpting processes like carving, modeling, and assembly. Different types of sculptures are outlined. Landscape lighting fixtures include wells, bulbs, wash lights, and flood lights. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of considering human and environmental factors for a sustainable landscape design.

1. SUBMITTEDBY
KARTHIKAM

2. ▪ Introduction
▪ ArchitecturalFeatures
▪ Uses of :
Sculpture
GardenFurniture
Lighting
▪ Conclusion
▪ Inference

3. ▪ Landscape design, also known as landscape architecture and landscaping, is the
arranging and modifying of features in a landscape, urban area or garden.
▪ It involves the planning, designing and managing of open spaces to create urban and
rural environments.
▪ Landscape design is an independent profession and a design and art tradition, practiced
by landscape designers, combining nature and culture.

5. R
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OUTDOOR FURNITURE
FIRE PIT
DINING
OUTDOOR KITCHEN
• Builttorelaxandloungeon.
• Relatetothestyleofthelandscape
materialsandcertainlythehome’s
architecturalstyle.
• Makingsurethereisroomtomove
aboutanditdoesn'tcollidewith
otherelements.
• Itservesasagatheringspotinyouryard,
especiallyintheevening.
• Itcanbeafocalpointorvisualfeaturein
a yard,servingasananchorforanoutdoor
livingroomorkitchen.
• Modelsrangefrommovableportable
toa permanentpitmadeofbrick,stone,orconcrete.
• Itisa hardscapingfeatures.
• Accessibilitytotheoutdoordiningarea
andindoorkitchen,andsizeoftheyard.
• Budget
• Materials
• Climate

6. STEREO SYSTEM
OUTDOOR HEATER
GRILLS
• Mostpopularamenitiesofayard.
• Worksingas,propane orcharcoal.
• Smaller,portable,inexpensiveBluetooth
systems.
• Ceilingmodelsaregoodforpergolasand
coveredpatios.
• Concealedmodelslikein-groundand
rock-shapedspeakers.
• Propaneornaturalgas:Heatisdirected
downandcanwarmupto 25squarefeet.
Naturalgasisa reliableheatsource.
• Infrared:Permanentmodelsarewiredto
a patioroofdirectlyoveraseatingor
activityspace.Portablemodelsare
pluggedintoanelectricaloutletand
placednearpatiodiningtablesoroutdoor
livingrooms.
LIGHTINGS
OUTDOOR THEATER
Keptbeside:Pool,Kitchen,Dining,OutdoorLivingroom

7. C
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M
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C
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PATHWAY
WATERBODIES
SEATINGS
NATURE

8. BRIDGES PUBLIC ART
PUBLIC TOILET
DUSTBINS
LIGHTINGPLAYGROUND

10. S
C
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Making or
representation of a
form by carving,
casting, or other
shaping techniques.

11. • Carving:The sculptor removes unwanted material to create
the form. This is also called subtractivesculpture. Generally,
materials such as a block of wood, stone, and other hard
materials are used.
• Modeling:The sculptor creates a form by building it up from an
amorphous lump of plastic material. This is also called
additivesculpture.Clay, paper mâché, and other pliable
materials are modeled into a sculpture. Modeling with clay is
generally the first process for creating a cast metal sculpture.
• Assembly(or construction):The sculptor joins prefabricated
elements as in welded metal constructions. This is also
additivesculpture.Materials such as steel, wood, and found
materials are glued, welded, or connected in some other
fashion to create a sculpture.
PROCESS OF MAKING SCULPTURES

12. • FreestandingSculptureis finished on all sides. It can
stand-alone. Many freestanding sculptures are placed
in an indentation in a wall called a niche. These are
freestanding sculptures; however, they cannot be
viewed on all sides.
• ReliefSculptureprojects from a background. Reliefs
are classified by their degree of projection; high relief
indicates that the objects project at least half of their
natural circumference from the background and low
relief indicates the figures barely project from the
background.
• KineticSculptureis sculpture that moves either by air
currents such as mobiles or by a power source
installed by the artist.
TYPES OF SCULPTURES

13. FUNCTIONAL
SCULPTURES
A public art that is
aesthetically
pleasing and can be
functionally
utilised.

14. AESTHETIC
SCULPTURES
A public art that is
only aesthetically
pleasing.

15. G
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Garden furniture is a type
of furniturespecifically designed for
outdoor use. It is typically made of
weather-resistant materials such
as aluminum which does not rust.

16. Aluminum
• Most popular material.
• It resists rust and moisture damage better than
other metals.
• Aluminum is strong yet relatively lightweight,
making it easy to rearrange and store.
• Wrought and cast aluminum are heavy enough to
withstand wind and weather conditions but still
manageable to rearrange and store.
Benefits:
• Lightweight construction makes it easy to move.
• Powder coating offers added protection against
the elements
• Requires little care and is easy to clean
• Withstands: Rain, sunlight, and extreme
temperatures.
TYPES OF MATERIALS

17. ResinWicker
Also known as all-weather wicker
It is a longer-lasting, weather-resistant synthetic
fiber weave wrapped over a metal frame.
While plant material such as cane and rattan are the
traditional materials used to make wicker furniture,
the term “wicker” actually refers to the woven style in
which the furniture is made, not the material used.
Resin wicker is typically made with thin strands of
PVC, nylon, polyethylene, or high-density
polyethylene.
Benefits:
Lends a traditional, homey feel to your outdoor area.
More durable than traditional wicker material.
Most high-end resin wicker is UV-resistant, so it
won’t fade or crack.
Withstands: Rain, sunlight, and humidity

18. Wood
• The ageless appeal of its natural beauty.
• Pine, cedar, or fir are softer woods with some
degree of natural weather resistance
• Hardwoods such as shorea and teak boast
exceptional durability and performance.
Benefits:
• Lends a warm, casual feel to any outdoor space.
• Acacia and cedar offer some natural weather
resistance at a great value.
• Withstands: Rain (if sealed properly), sunlight,
humidity, wind, and extreme temperatures

19. Recycled Plastic
• In both style and performance, this furniture ranks
at or near the top.
• Extraordinarily strong and extremely durable.
• It’s resistant to moisture, rotting, and cracking and
is impervious to salt water and stains.
• No discoloration.
• It is made to resemble wood but requires none of
the care wood does.
Benefits:
• No maintenance and is easy to clean
• Naturally resistant to fading and moisture.
• Withstands: Rain, humidity, wind, and extreme
temperatures

20. Wrought Iron
• Wrought iron is prized for its distinctive
appearance and wind-resistant sturdiness and
strength.
• Wrought iron patio furniture is specially treated
with weather-resistant finishes that help seal out
moisture and prevent rust.
Benefits:
• Heavy weight keeps it stable and firm.
• Now being powder coated to further protect from
moisture
• Withstands: Sunlight and wind

21. Steel
• It provides strength, stability, and endurance in
extreme temperatures.
• Powder-coated finishes aid in rust resistance.
Typically used for framing high-end modern
chairs and bistro-style seats, steel is also often
used for retro designs and zero-gravity loungers.
Benefits:
• Its hefty weight provides a sturdy, long-lasting
construction.
• Will not dent as easily as a lightweight aluminum
• Classic look lends a clean, sophisticated look to
your space
• Withstands: Rain, humidity, and extreme
temperatures

22. Mosaic
• Mosaic patio dining sets feature decorative
tabletop patterns created using hand-laid tiles of
slate, terra cotta, marble, or other natural
materials.
• Incredibly heavy yet beautifully delicate, mosaics
bring rich color and intricate designs to outdoor
living and dining.
Benefits:
• Provides not only function, but also a lovely piece
of art to your space
• Furniture frames can be constructed of aluminum,
steel or iron
• High-quality sets will be coated in a sealant to
protect from the elements
• Withstands: Rain (if sealed properly) and humidity

23. TYPES OF FURNITURES
ROCKING CHAIR
SWINGMOTEL CHAIR CONVERSATION SET
DAYBED BISTRO TABLE

24. HAMMOCK
CHAISE LOUNGUE BAR CARTBENCH

25. L
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Landscape lighting makes the best of what you've got by highlighting your home's
architectural features and drawing attention to prized plantings and trees.
• Transformer:Reduces 120-volthouseholdcurrent to a
safer 12 volts.
• Bulb:Determines a light's brightness, color, and beam
width, as well as electricity usage.
• FixtureHousing:Protects bulb fromelements and helps
shape light beam.
• Stake: Holds the fixture in place.
• Cable:Carries current to light through fixture's lead
wires.

26. TYPES OF LIGHINGS
• ORNAMENTAL:Lit for aesthetics and visual appeal.
• AMINITY; Litfor insuring safety and practical purpose.
• TASK:Lit to perform specific tasks.
• ACCESS:Lit for safe movement.
• SECURITY:Lit to create an illusion of occupation.

27. • WELL;The bulb hides inside a waterproofhousing buried in the
ground, so you get light without seeing a fixture.
• BULLET:These versatile,compact fixtures are often fitted with
bulbs that project a narrow beam. Preciselylights house
features,tree trunks, and gardenstructures.
• WASH: Throwsout a soft, diffuse light ideal for brightening flat
facades,privacy fences, and gardenwalls.
• FLOOD: Typically castsa wider beam than a bullet—40 degrees
or more—and is brighter than a washlight. Usesparingly to
light up talltreesor widehouse facades.
• DOWNLIGHT: These fixtures,often located high on trunks and
branches, can be aimed at lawns,paths, orthe tree'sown
foliage tocreate a moonlit effect.
• GARDEN: Canopieson top of 45cm-60cm posts reflect light
down into planting beds. Can also be usedas pathwaymarkers.
TYPES OF LIGHT FIXTURES
NOTE: Trees less than 20 feet tall need
only a couple of 20-watt up lights. A 50-
foot tree may require three to five up
lights of 35 to 50 watts apiece.

28. WELL WASH
GARDEN LIGHTDOWN LIGHTFLOOD
BULLET

29. WELL BULLET WASH FLOOD DOWN
LIGHT
GARDEN
LIGHT
TREES ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
PLANTING BEDS ✓
HOME FACADE ✓ ✓
GARDEN WALL ✓ ✓ ✓
FOCAL POINT ✓ ✓ ✓
WHICH GOES WHERE ?

30. C
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Designing a landscape is not just a matter of providing
aesthetics, inorder to yield a great design, we should be well
aware of the human factors and environment to ensure
safety and sustainability.It is a vast subject that gives an
ocean of information on dwelling deep.

31. I
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❑https://www.thisoldhouse.com/ideas/all-
about-landscape-lighting
❑https://www.thespruce.com/design-
features-and-elements-for-yards-4105977
❑https://evrosoriou.files.wordpress.com/20
11/06/lighting-in-landscape.pdf
❑https://www.google.co.in/imghp?hl=en&t
ab=wi&authuser=0&ogbl