Kaivan Karimi wearable-evolution-v4

1 © 2014 Atmel Corporation
Future of Wearable Devices:
More Than A Fashion
Statement
Kaivan Karimi
Vice President & GM, Wireless
Solutions
Atmel – Kaivan Karimi VP & GM Wireless Solutions, Technology Evolution Required for Wearable Devices

2 © 2014 Atmel Corporation2
Overview
Wearables are a hot topic within the technology industry and big name
enterprises and small startups alike are working endlessly to develop the
next high-profile wearable device. Wearables, which are also integrating
into fashion industry, allow users to access technology hands free, as
well as fueling the self-quantification movement, paving the way for the
upcoming always-on healthcare revolution. This presentation will
educate the attendees on the underlying hardware, software, sensing,
connectivity, and security technologies required to make wearables
happen, and get them integrated into already existing broader networks.
Atmel – Kaivan Karimi VP & GM Wireless Solutions, Future of Wearable Devices

Internet of Things

Wearable Market
Very Diversified Market & Growing Beyond Fitness
http://www.wearable-technologies.com/gadgets-of-the-month/?year=2014

Global Wearable Technologies Market, 2014E – 2020 E ($B)
2014 2020
Source: Cowen and Company, September 2014

Why Wearables?
Today’s Premise:
If You Can Not Track It, You Can
Not Improve It.

Trends Behind The Wearable Growth
Self Quantification – To maintain optimal health:
The Quantified Self movement uses wearable technology to
collect large amounts of data about people. Sensors
monitor heart rate, blood oxygen levels, air temperature,
sleep patterns, motion in or out of rooms, and more.
Wellness, Fitness and Health Care Technology:
• Measures wellness, fitness and health
• Personal health monitoring
• Remote monitoring for “telehealth”
• Elderly monitoring “always on” health monitoring
• From headsets that measure brainwaves to clothes that
incorporate sensing devices, personal health monitoring
is the wave of the future.
Sensors allow wearables to be cross-purposed. They will assist in everything from
fitness & healthcare, to slowing down the aging process.

8 © 2014 Atmel Corporation88 © 2014 Atmel Corporation
Fitness Band Smart Watch
BT Module
MCU
BT Transceiver
Chip Antenna
3-Axis Accelerator
MCU
MCU
BLE SoC
Accelerometer
Charger IC
Wearable Technology Components
MCU/
MPU
Security Sensor
Battery
BTLE/
LP-WiFi
Wearable Edge Nodes

Wearables : Trends and Segmentation
Wearables are not a single segment / category
Display
WiFi/BT
/BTLE
Sensors
Sensor
Hub
Touch Voice
A7 +
• High end – Local processing
• Stand alone system
• Android & Android Wear
• Example: Galaxy Gear 2, Apple iWatch, etc.
Display
BT/
BTLESensors
Touch Voice
M4 +
• Mid range – Smartphone accessory
• Thin client model
• Appllications on smartphone
• Example: Garmin, Sony Smartwatch
Sensors
M4
BT/
BTLE
• Low end – limited/no local display / UI
Sensor aggregator
• Dominated by SIPs
• Example: Fitbit, Polar Loop, Galaxy Gear Circle
PTC
[Sony Smartwatch]
[Fitbit]
[Galaxy Gear 2]

IoT Communications Topology
Things
Cloud
Gateways
Short Range
Connectivity
Long Range
Connectivity
Cellular
Satellite
New Generation Of
WAN Technologies;
Sig Fox, Weightless,
etc.
Fiber,
DSL
Local Networks
Choose Best
Available Link

How Does the System Work?
Self-Quantification, Personal Health Monitoring
Clinical Settings, Tele-Health,
Elderly Monitoring Systems
Different Gateways acting as
Contextual Computing Platforms
Locally or via Cloud
MCU/
MPU
Security Sensor
Battery
BTLE/
LP-WiFi
Wearable Edge Nodes

Hierarchical Gateways
Cloud
Body Area Network (BAN) Gateway
Communicating to Smartphone
Gateway
Floor-level
Hubs /
Gateways
Building-level
Hub / Gateway
Apartment-
level
Hubs /
Gateways
Wired, Wireless,
Power Line WAN
Wired, Wireless, Power line
Wireless
WAN

Wearables: Key Reasons for the Fast Adoptation
1. Transparent: form factors integrated for daily life
2. Easy-to-use: Don’t have to be a “techie” to use it
3. Being priced to increase the adoption rates
4. Cross-fertilization between fashion and the health-
wellness space, i.e. the growth of wearables in fashion
5. Self quantification Movement, and patient enablement
6. Potential to save lives while drastically lowering
healthcare cost
Results :
Acceleration of Future Adoption of Wearable Devices
PLUS………….

The Coolness Element ….
* Mitra Hooshmand, CEO of Mixx Yoga, courtesy of Herald On Line

New Form Factors
Wearable Nanotechnology Built Into Garments

I Mean Really New Form Factors
Source: MC10 & Tucker Medical

Zoomable Contact Lenses that can assist with
degenerative eye conditions
bit.ly/18bCjf2
I Mean Really, Really New Form Factors
Fundawear - Long Distance Lovers Connect With
Vibrating Underwear Controlled By Mobile Phone
bit.ly/1dhmIaq
Ingestible Password Pill converting your whole
body into an authentication token to access
devices
proteusdigitalhealth.com
dailym.ai/15dQxai

Cross Pollination of Fitness & Biometric Sensors
Zephyr:
• Fitness garment
• Heart Rate, Breathing, Temperature, Blood Oxygen, Blood pressure, ECG
• Using built in wireless sensors
Source: Zephyr

Major Growth Inhibitors: Security & Privacy
•Example Behavioral Profile From Basic Sensors & Gateway About
Janet (Before Data Analytics Applied):
• Young and energetic, with very active social life
• Regular sleep pattern and an early riser, not enough exposure to natural light
• Physically active (some walks) but no organized physical activity (weekly games, gym
activity, daily jugs, etc.)
• Long commute to work (>180 minutes per day), listens to rock music but no audio
books
• Mostly fast food, and often sugary snacks
• Attention deficit issues, border line ADD
• Long sedentary periods in font of the TV, mostly sitcoms
• Tendency to over drink at parties every weekend (2 incidents of drunk driving in the
last 6 weeks)

Key Technologies Driving The Future Of Wearables
• Semiconductor Technologies
• Sensor Fusion
• Contextual Computing
• Big Data Analytics
• Human Genome
• Social Networking
• Connected Data Bases

Semiconductor Technologies:
Driving The Future Of Wearable Products
130nm
90nm
65nm
45nm
28nm
14nm
More Than Moore: Diversity Of Heterogeneous
Technologies
Moore’sMiniaturization
Analog/RF
Photonics
CMOS
BioChipsPassivesEnergy Harvesting
Power SourcesSensors/actuators
Digital
Information
Processing
Non-Digital
Information Processing
Interactions with People and
environment
Becoming
Faster,
Cheaper,
smaller,
more
powerful,
yet less
power
consuming,
focus on
battery
operations
and energy
harvesting,
more
integration

Sensor Fusion: Basic Definition
Defined:
• Sensor fusion is the algorithmic process of intelligently combining
data from several sensors for the purpose of improving application
or system performance.
• A full Sensor Fusion Solution takes in data from 3 or more sensors
and provides a calculated output that is calibrated, compensated
and calculated depending on the sensors in the system.
ACCELEROMETER
E-COMPASS DIRECTION
LINEAR
ACCELERATION
ELEVATION
GYROSCOPE ROTATION
GRAVITY
PRESSOR SENSOR
3D
Rotation
3D
Translation
Benefits:
• Compensating for other sensor short comings
(“whole greater than sum of pieces”)
• Data set reduction, hence faster response rate,
lower the system power

Sensory information (vision, hearing, smell, taste
and touch) is gathered from one’s surroundings
and travels through the peripheral nervous system
to the brain for processing and response.
“The Whole Is Greater Than the Sum of Its Parts”
Brain (CPU)
Sensory
Input
Sensors Fusion: The Human Model

Wearable’s Biggest Technology Ally:
Contextual Computing
Contextual computing will be the dominant paradigm in compute platforms for years to come!
“Contextual computing will be the driving force behind the next wave of new technologies…”
Big Data Analytics
Maps, GPS, eCompass, LBS
Sensor Platform
Social Media
Where, When, Who, How, What…
Personal History
Wearables
Unique Sensor Fusion
Algorithms
01001
Mobile Phones / Other
Form Factors
CONTEXTUAL COMPUTING

Human Being’s Contextual Computing
processing
elements
element
size
energy
use
processing
speed
style of
computation
fault
tolerant
learns
intelligent,
conscious
1014
synapses
10-6 m 30 W 100 Hz
parallel,
distributed
yes yes usually
108
transistors
10-6 m 30 W (CPU) 109 Hz
serial,
elementary
parallelism,
centralized
no a little not (yet)
Source: Computation in the brain, www.williamette.edu
example

Big Data Analytics
• Process of examining large amounts of data (relational
or non-relational) on a variety of types to uncover
patterns, correlations and other information.
• Information can provide insight and help in making
the right decisions.
• Google, Facebook and other digital advertisers, have
been early entrants to cash in on data.
• Within the context of wearable devices, looking at
sensor data can provide insight into personal health
improvements and more, plus the context around it.
• The compute platform can vary from personal cell
phones and tables, to cloud based servers
101010001001110100111110010101001011100101010100

Future of Data Analytics
• Data Warehouse Roles Declines: While Hadoop and other data frameworks
have led to “early stage data discovery”, however minimal or no time spent
putting data in a warehouse without even knowing the value of that data.
• Move from Reporting to Prediction: >95 percent of analytic capabilities are
based on either reporting or descriptive/visualizations. This will move towards
predictive and prescriptive practices, leveraging context.
• Variety Becomes The Challenge: The size and storage challenges will
become minimal compared with the lack of structure and consistency with the
variety of data types and sources.
• “Fast Data Analytics” Will Flourish: For IoT Fast Data Analytics will get close
to the edge/sensing nodes, vs. Hadoop and others passive frameworks in the
cloud.

Biogenetic Sciences
• “The human genome is the complete set of genetic information for
human beings. This information is encoded as DNA sequences
within the 23 chromosome pairs in cell nuclei and in a small DNA
molecule found within individual mitochondria.
• The Human Genome Project produced the first complete sequences
of individual human genomes. As of 2012, thousands of human
genomes have been completely sequenced, and many more have
been mapped at lower levels of resolution. The resulting data are
used worldwide in biomedical science, anthropology, forensics and
other branches of science.”
• While it took $3.2B and a few years to get here, the
cost of full test is now dropping below $1000, and
specific tests as low as $79.
• How inexpensive and pervasive would these tests
be in 5 years?

Future Cost Per Genome
• Human genome has three billion molecular pairs. In
2003 they were fully transcribed (or sequenced) for
the first time, at a cost of $2.7 billion, with first
genomes costing hundreds of millions of dollars
apiece.
• Illumina, the biggest maker of genomic sequencing
machines, say they’ve broken the “sound barrier” of
sequencing. Their latest machine can transcribe
18,000 human genomes a year for $1,000 per
genome.

Implication: Transformation of Medicine
Would any doctor authorize a blood transfusion or organ transplant without
knowing the blood types involved?
Why would anyone be taking any medicine without knowing the relevant data
from their genome?
One
size
fits all
Personalized
Medicine

Records (Data Base) Linkage
• “Record linkage" refers to the use of an algorithm technique
to match records from different datasets which correspond
to the same statistical unit.
• Multiplication of data sources within heterogeneous
healthcare information systems always results in redundant
information, split among multiple databases.
• Methods are being developed for purposes of linking records
of individual patients, represented in diverse data sets,
across time and geography.
• Challenges related to implementing the new Record Linkage
systems, using existing outdated hospital IT infrastructures
• This is the area where biggest privacy and security
concerns are being raised
• In the US new rules published in January 2013 (effective
March 26) brings HIPAA (enacted in 1996) into the 21st
century, finalizing the new security and privacy safeguards
required by the HITECH Act of 2009.

Social Network’s Behavioral Nudge
Social networks will help healthcare in three ways:
1. Self-quantification and fitness via peer pressure
• Social networks have the ability to change our behavior, by
sharing your “fitness” information with your select circle of
friends
2. Promote healthcare information sharing
• Social networks have also influenced new generation of users
who are more open to sharing information in the healthcare
spectrum.
• There are already new services that allow individuals to share
their medical history where patients with similar problems can
share their health information, enabling improvements in
clinical trials.
3. Social networks (and search engines) are also great in
tracking and predicting disease

More About Us
• As of 2012, about half of all adults—117 million people—have one or more
chronic health conditions. One of four adults has two or more chronic health
conditions*:
• Diabetes, Heart Disease, Arthritis, Asthma, Cancer, Depression
• Common risk factors are smoking, inactivity, high blood pressure, raised blood
sugar, obesity, and high cholesterol
• 75% of health care spending in the US (>$2 trillion) is consumed by chronic
diseases
• Chances are if you have one, you have multiple chronic conditions**:
• ~ %23 have 1 condition
• ~ %12 have 2 conditions
• ~ %7.5 have 3 conditions
* Source: CDC
* *Source: Robert Wood Johnson Foundation

Always-On Health Care Revolution!
Integration of ALL
medical records in
the cloud
Clinical Settings, Tele-Health,
Elderly Monitoring Systems
MCU/
MPU
Security Sensor
Battery
BTLE/
LP-WiFi
Wearable Edge Nodes
Healthcare
Provider
Big Data Analytics
(Insight)
Wearable Contextual Computing + Sensor Fusion + Big Data Analytics + Biogenetic Sciences
Subject Date Reading
Blood
Pressure
1.01.14 120/90
Glucose 1.01.14 86
Day Time 1.01.14 12:30 PM
Mood 1.01.14 Happy
Meals 1.01.14
Lunch at 11:30
a.m.: 550
calories
Personal Genetic Records

Where Does It Go From Here?

101010001001110100111110010101
The Next 4 - 5 Years
• Wearables are here to stay!
• Wearables will enable a variety of new services including
health and fitness
• Medicine will become personalized
• Healthcare will be revolutionized, with focus on
prevention vs. disease management
101010001001110100111110010101001011100101010100

Atmel is At The Heart Of Wearable
Devices;
Ultra-Low Power MCUs & MPUs, Battery Operated Wireless
Connectivity Solutions, Sensing Platforms, Touch, Security
Any Questions?

© 2014 Atmel Corporation.
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